ANSWER ALL QUESTION

SECTION A [50 MARKS]

Question 1
a. Direction: For each question, there are four alternatives A, B, C and D. Choose the correct alternative and circle it. Do not circle
more than ONE alternative. If there are more than one circled, NO score will be awarded [25]

i. Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) values are most often used for gases as their characteristics change dramatically
with temperature and pressure. Which of the following set has correct values of STP?
A 0 Kelvin and 1 atmosphere
B 273 Kelvin and 0 atmosphere
C 273 Kelvin and 760 atmospheres
D 273 Kelvin and 1 atmosphere

[Link] one of the following graphs correctly represents Boyle’s Law?

A I
B II
C III
D IV

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[Link] percentage composition of oxygen in CaSO4 is
A 47.05%
B 11.76%
C 16%
D 18.18%

[Link] has a balloon which contains 5.22 moles of helium, how many grams of helium is present in the balloon?
A 20g
B 10g
C 21 g
D 4g

v.A compound has an empirical formula of C2H4O with molar mass of 132g. What is the molecular formula of the compound?
A C4H4O5
B C2H4
C C10H12
D C6H12O3

[Link] molar volume of an ideal gas at STP is

A. 2100 cm3
B. 2200 cm3
C. 2300 cm3
D. 22400cm3

[Link] aqueous solution of NaCl is electrolysed, the gas evolved at cathode is

A. hydrogen
B. chlorine
C. oxygen
D. hydrogen peroxide

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[Link] of the football shown below is of different sizes filled with same number of gas molecules. Which football has the highest pressure?

A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV

[Link] one of the following is an example of non-electrolyte?

A. Sodium Hydroxide
B. Copper sulphate
C. Table salt
D. Urea

[Link] complete equipment used to carry out electrolysis is known as an electrolytic

A. cell
B. circuit
C. current
D. process

[Link] chlorine reacts with hydrogen to form hydrogen chloride. Chlorine being more electronegative attracts shared paired of electrons towards
itself. What type of compound is formed with respect to the formation of HCl?
A. non-polar covalent compound
B. polar covalent compound
C. ionic Compound
D. metallic compound

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[Link] have many useful applications in our daily lives. But some halogen compounds have negative impact to the environment. A halogen
compound that depletes the ozone layer in the atmosphere is
A. sodium fluoride
B. chlorofluorocarbon
C. hydrogen fluoride
D. polytetrafluoroethylene

[Link] water bleaches coloured materials due to presence of

A. hypochlorous acid
B. chloride ion
C. hydrochloric acid
D. hydrogen ion

[Link] is the most electronegative element because it

A. exhibits positive oxidation state
B. has variable oxidation state
C. has negative oxidation state
D. has low nuclear charge

[Link] correct sequence of filling up orbitals is

A. 1s 2s 3s 2p 3p 4s 3d
B. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d
C. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s
D. 1s 2s 2p 3p 3s 4s 3d

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 (Use the diagram below to answer the questions xvi and xvii)

[Link] of the following line best describes the above energy diagram?
A It is an exothermic reaction and the heat is absorbed
B It is an endothermic reaction and the heat is released
C It is an exothermic reaction and the heat is released
D It is an endothermic reaction and the heat is absorbed

[Link] value of enthalpy in the above diagram would be

A more than zero
B less than zero
C equal to zero
D remain same

[Link] branch of chemistry that deals with changes in heat energy during the chemical reaction is
A. chemical energetics
B. thermochemistry
C. green chemistry
D. analytical chemistry

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 [Link] number of ligands and oxidation number present in the compound [Fe(H2O)6]3+ is
A. 6 and 3
B. 3 and 6
C. 3 and 2
D. 2 and 3

[Link] of the following is an example of endothermic reaction?

A. photosynthesis
B. burning of wood
C. respiration
D. fermentation
[Link] is the number of electron(s) required by halogen to form halide ion?
A. 17
B. 8
C. 7
D. 1
[Link] of the following hydrocarbon family has the highest boiling point?
A. Alkane
B. Halo-alkane
C. Ether
D. Alcohol

[Link] molecular formula of butanol is

A. C4H8OH
B. C4H9OH
C. C4H10OH
D. C4H7OH

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[Link] reaction of carboxylic acids with alcohols in the presence of. H2SO4 as a catalyst is
A. combustion
B. esterification
C. oxidation
D. neutralization

[Link] of the following sequence is correct for the oxidation of alcohol? (bonus)
A. Ethanol→ Ethanal→ Ethanoic acid
B. Ethanol→ Ethanoic acid→ Ethanal
C. Ethanal→ Ethanol→ Ethanoic acid
D. Ethanal→ Ethanoic acid→ Ethanol

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b. Match each item under Column A with the most appropriate item in Column B. Rewrite the correct pairs by writing alphabet
against the number in the space provided. [5]
Criteria for Matching Mark
Written the correct matching pair 1 mark each
Matched more than one answer in column A/B No marks awarded

Column A Column B
1. Avogadro’s constant a) catalytic activity
2. Metallic conductors b) CH3OH
3. Wood alcohol c) free electrons
4. Transition element d) -CHO
5. Aldehyde e) 22.4
f) 6.023x1023
g) -COOH

1. f (0 .0821 LatmK-1mol-1 )
2. c (Free electrons)
5 marks
3. b (CH3OH)
4. a (catalytic activity)

5. d ( -CHO)

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 c. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word(s) [5]
Criteria for F/B Mark
Written correct answer/slight spelling error 1 mark each
Written correct answer with spelling error 0.5 mark
i. Number of mole(s) present in 100g of CaCO3 is 1 mole/one mole/1.

ii. The orange-colored compound present in breathalyzer is potassium dichromate/K2Cr2O7)

iii. The chemical reaction that involves loss of electron is called oxidation 5 marks
iv. In gas law syringe and marshmallow are used to determine relationship between volume and pressure
v. The biofuel mixture of 30% ethanol and petrol is called gasohol.

d. Write True or False. Rewrite the False statement ONLY. [5]

Criteria for T/F Mark
Written correct answer 1 mark each for true and ½ mark for false
Rewriting false statements/word(s) 0.5 mark each

i. Smaller the size of halogen atom, the stronger is its oxidising power.
ii. In an atom, the “p” orbital can accommodate maximum of six electrons.
iii. Hydrochloric acid dissolves in water with absorption of heat.
iv. High solubility of ethyl alcohol in water is due to formation of high intra-molecular hydrogen bonding.
v. The gram molecular mass of Ca(OH)2 is 58g.
i. True
ii. True
iii. True 5 marks
iv. False, High solubility of ethyl alcohol in water is due to formation of high inter-molecular hydrogen bonding.
v. False, The gram molecular mass of Ca(OH)2 is 74g

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 e. Answer the following questions: [10]
i. Masses of atoms are expressed relative to the mass of a carbon-12. Give TWO reasons. [2]
Answers: -Atoms are too small to be weighed directly ………1 mark
-Inconvenient to express masses of atoms in Kg or gram……1 mark 2 marks
-Carbon-12 is stable and light.

ii. How many gram(s) of sodium makes one mole? [1]

Answer: 23 grams or 22.9 grams….1 mark 1 mark

iii. A sample of a gas at 1 atmosphere has volume of 1.5 L. What would its volume at 5 atmosphere pressure? [2]

2 marks

iv. The volume occupied by 1 mole of helium is 22.4 L at STP. What would be the volume occupied by 1 mole of oxygen at STP? [1]

Answer: 22.4 L or 22400cm3….1 mark 1 mark

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 v. When sodium hydroxide is slowly added to the Iron(ll) sulphate solution, a dirty green precipitate is formed. [2]
a. Write the balanced chemical equations for the reaction

Answer: 2NaOH + FeSO4 → Fe(OH)2 + Na2SO4………….1 mark (unbalanced…0.5 mark) 1 mark

b. Name the precipitate.

Answer: Iron (II) hydroxide or Ferrous hydroxide or Fe(OH)2 1 mark

vi. Define electrolyte [1]

Answer: An electrolyte is substance which in aqueous solution or in molten state conducts electricity and is 1 mark
decomposed by the passing electrical current. OR
A substance that dissociates into ions in solution and acquires the capacity to conduct electricity……1 mark.

vii. Why burning of ethanol fuel is considered as neutral to the environment? [1]
Answer: Because the amount of carbon dioxide released is same as the amount absorbed by the crops grown as a 1 mark
feedstock for ethanol production. OR
Because the carbon dioxide that is absorbed by the plants is equal to the carbon dioxide that is released when the
fuel is burnt…………1 mark

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 SECTION B (50 MARKS)
ATTEMPT ANY FIVE QUESTIONS
Question 2
a) A gas occupies 4.2 L at 1atm and 300K. Determine the volume occupied at 293K and 420 mm Hg. [2]

Given;
P1=1atm V1= 4.2 L T1= 300K P2= 420 mm Hg (0.55atm) T2= 293K V2=?......0.5 mark

P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2 OR V2= P1V1xT2/P2xT1…………….0.5 mark

V2= 1x4.2 x293/0.55 x 300………0.5 mark 2 marks

V2= 7.458L……0.5 mark

b) On passing an electric current, water dissociates to form ions? Name the ions formed. [2]
i. Cation
Answer: H+ OR Hydrogen ion…….1mark 1 mark

ii. Anion
Answer: OH- OR Hydroxyl ion…..…….1 mark 1 mark

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 c) Study the table and write the answers in the space provided. [3]

Mole(s) Molecules Volume at S.T.P (L)

2 moles 12.046 x 1023 A……………

1 mole B…………….. 22.4
C…………… 9.034 x 1023 33.6
A. 44.8L………………….1 mark
B. 6.023 x1023 ………….1 mark
3 marks
C. 1.5……………………1 mark

d) A coordination compound is formed when a transition metal ion reacts with a ligand. Give TWO features of transition metal ion that
favors the formation of co-ordinate bond. [2]
1. High charge density or smaller cationic size……….1 mark
2. Vacant d-orbital to accept lone pairs of electrons from the ligands. OR 2 marks
Empty d-orbitals OR incompletely filled d-orbitals…………….1 mark

e) Define oxidation number [1]

The number assigned to the atoms in a chemical combination. OR
The number that represents the number of electrons that an atom can gain, lose or share when chemically 1 mark
bonding with an atom of another element. OR
-The number that represents the number of electrons lost or gained by an atom of that element in the compound.
-Combining capacity of an atom of an element.

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 Question 3
a) Nicotine, an alkaloid in the nightshade family of plants that is mainly responsible for the addictive nature of cigarettes, contains 74.02% C,
8.710% H, and 17.27% N. The relative molecular mass of the compound is 162.
Determine the empirical formula and molecular formula of the compound. [4]

Element % by weight Atomic weight Atomic ratio Simplest ratio

C 74.02 12 74.02/12= 6.16 6.16/1.23= 5……..0.5 mark

H 8.710 1 8.710/1= 8.71 8.71/1.23 =7……..0.5 mark

N 17.27 14 17.27/14= 1.23 1.23/1.23= 1……..0.5 mark

Empirical formula: C5H7N1………………0.5 mark

Empirical formula mass= 5 x12 +7 x1 +1x 14= 81…………….0.5 mark

n= Molecular formula mass/ Empirical formula mass
n= 162/81= 2………………………………………………….0.5 mark
Molecular formula= n x Empirical formula………………….0.5 mark
= 2 x C5H7N1= C10H14N2…………………………………...…0.5 mark

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 b) The diagram below shows reaction of magnesium ribbon with sulphuric acid. Answer the questions based on the illustration. [2]

i. Name the thermochemical reaction

Answer: Exothermic reaction……1 mark 1 mark
ii. Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction

Answer: Mg +H2SO4→ MgSO4 +H2……1 mark 1 mark

c) Give one reason for the following statements: [4]

i. Scandium is not considered as transition metal although it’s member of d-block element.
Answer: No electron in the d-orbital OR Empty d-orbital…1 mark 1 mark

ii. Fluorine has a lesser value of electron affinity than chlorine

Answer: Due to small size of fluorine atom OR 1 mark
Due to electron-electron repulsion

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 iii. Fractional distillation is used for rectification of ethanol
Answer: To remove impurities OR To obtain pure ethanol Or To purify the ethanol or to increase the 1mark
concentration of ethanol.

iv. Atomic size decreases across the period of towards the halogen element
Answer: Nuclear charge increases. OR Effective nuclear charge increases OR greater attractions of electrons 1mark
towards the nucleus.

Question 4
a) When methane is burned with oxygen, it produces carbon dioxide and water vapour. Study the chemical reaction below and answer the
questions that follow.

i. Identify the reactions occurring in A and B

A. Endothermic reaction……0.5 mark
1 mark
B. Exothermic reaction …….0.5 mark

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 ii. Calculate the change in enthalpy for the entire reaction
Answer:
Change in enthalpy, ∑∆H= ∆HA + ∆HB 1 mark
= 2628kJ + (-3438kJ) = -810kJ………...1 mark.

b) Study the table

Elements Nuclear charge Shielding electron Effective nuclear
charge
Element X +7 A……………. +5

Element Y B…………….. 10 +4

Element Z +19 18 C………………

i. Write the answers in the space provided below [3]

A. 2 ……….1 mark
3 marks
B. +14………1 mark
C. +1……….1 mark

ii. Define shielding effect. [1]

Answer: The reduction in the nuclear charge on the electron cloud, due to a difference in the attraction forces of
electron on the nucleus. OR
The shielding effect is when the electron and the nucleus in an atom have a decrease in attraction which changes 1 mark
the nuclear charge. OR
Reduction of effective nuclear charge of an atom due to shielding electron.

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 c) Why the size of an anode decreases during electro refining of metals? [1]
Answer: Because anode dissolves into the electrolyte and migrates towards the cathode….1 mark 1 mark
OR Electrons are lost from the anode.

d) An inflated basketball kept on the concrete floor during the cold season usually gets reduced in size. Which gas law best explains this
phenomenon. Justify your answer. [2]
Answer: Charles’ Law ................1 mark
Justification: Because Charles law states that at the constant pressure, the volume of the given quantity of a 2 marks
gas decreases with decrease in temperature. OR
When temperature decreases, the volume of the basketball also decreases…………..1 mark

e) The displacement reaction of halogens with halide ions shows the oxidizing power of halogen and reducing power of the halides in
aqueous solution. Is the given reaction feasible? Give ONE reason
Br2 + 2I- → ? [1]

Answer: Yes……….0.5 mark 1 mark

Reason: Bromine can displace iodine because bromine is more reactive than iodine………0.5 mark
OR…. Bromine is powerful oxidising agent than iodine.

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 Question 5
a) Write electronic configuration in s p d f notations using Aufbau’s principle for the following elements [2]

i. 10Ne

Answer: 1s2 2s2 2p6 ……1 mark 1 mark

ii. 24Cr

Answer: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4S2 3d4 OR 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4S1 3d5 OR 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d54S1 OR 1 mark
[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹…........1 mark

b) Calculate the following based on the equation given: [2]

Fe2O3(s) + 3CO → 2Fe(s) + 3CO2 (g) (Atomic weight of Fe=56)
Determine the volume of CO2 that will be produced from 80g of Fe2O3 at STP.
Answer:
Molecular mass of Fe2O3 = 56 x2 + 3x 16 = 160g……………..…0.5 mark
160g of Fe2O3 produces 3 moles of CO2 = 3 x 22.4 L volume at STP
=67.2L………………0.5 mark
80g of Fe2O3 = 80/160 x 67.2……………………………………………..0.5 mark 2 marks
= 33.6 L of CO2 produced at STP…………………………………………0.5 marks

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 c) The diagram below shows the preparation of ethanol from starch using yeast extract. Answer
the questions based on the process involved. [3]

i. Name the process

Answer: Fermentation ……….1 mark 1 mark

ii. Write the balanced chemical reaction that occurs in conical flask

yeast 1 mark
Answer: C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 …….1 mark (unbalanced =0.5 mark)

iii. Which gas turns lime water milky in the test tube?

Answer: CO2/ carbon dioxide ……1 mark 1 mark

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 d) A vessel contains 2.6 L of gas at 1200 mm Hg. If the pressure of the gas is doubled, what would be the new volume at the same temperature?
[2]

2 marks

e) Why ethanol is collected before water during distillation? [1]

Answer: Because ethanol is more volatile than water. OR 1 mark
Because ethanol has lower boiling point than water. ….1 mark

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 Question 6
a) You are provided with following materials: [3]
(a beaker, copper wire , battery, a torch bulb, silver nitrate solution, impure silver rod and thin sheet of pure silver to be used as electrodes)
Using the above materials, design a set up to purify the impure silver rod. In your set up label the electrodes used, electrolyte and battery
terminals.

3 marks

b) Write one difference for the following based on what is given in the bracket. [2]
i. Nitrogen and oxygen (gram molecular mass)
Nitrogen Oxygen
28 grams 32 grams 1 mark

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 ii. Alkane and alkyne (general formula)
Alkane Alkyne
CnH2n+2 CnH2n-2 1 mark
Note: NO mark will be awarded if answer is correct only in one column.
c) Name the following [2]
i. The energy stored in a substance
Answer: Internal Energy……1mark 1 mark
ii. Transition element used in the thermometer
Answer: Mercury/Hg……..1mark 1 mark

d) The reaction of Sodium with chlorine to form sodium chloride is an example of redox reaction. Use to chemical reaction given below
to answers the following questions [3]

i. Identity the processes X and Y

X- Reduction ……….1 mark
2 marks
Y-Oxidation …….......1 mark

ii. Define redox reaction

Answer: A chemical reaction which involves simultaneous oxidation and reduction reaction. OR
A redox reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves a transfer of electrons between two 1 mark
species/atoms…...1 mark

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 Question 7
a) State Aufbau’s principle [1]

Answer: States that electrons are filled to the orbitals one by one in order of the increasing order of energies. 1 mark
OR
States that electrons are filled up in the lower energy orbitals before filling up the higher energy
orbitals……1 mark

b) At what temperature will the mass of 198g of carbon-dioxide gas at 2 atmospheric pressure take up a volume of 35L?
(Gas constant= 0.0821 L atm K-1mol-1) [3]

3 marks

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 c) Give the IUPAC name for following structures. [2]
i. ii.

i. Ethanol or Ethan-1-ol or 1- ethanol……………...1mark

i. 2-methylpropan-2-ol OR 2-methyl-2-propanol……………….1 mark 2 marks

d) Give one advantage and one disadvantage of adding chlorine in swimming pool water. [2]
Answer:
Advantage: Prevent growth of bacteria/germs OR prevent growth of algae. Any one……1 mark 2 marks
Disadvantage: Eye and skin irritation OR damage plaster OR corrode metal piping and filters Any
one………….1 mark

e) Tobacco and alcohol products both contain psychoactive drug. Consumption of both the products causes number of health diseases and
social problems. However, tobacco products are banned in Bhutan but not alcohol. Do you think alcohol should be also banned?
Support your answer with TWO reasons. [2]
Possible answers: If YES, any two point….2 marks
-health affect –organ/liver damage, premature death, heart diseases, cancer
- social problems/domestic violence-fighting, crime, accidents, death
-relationship problems/divorce/parental separation/abuse of children, sexual 2 marks
abuse, unwanted pregnancy.
-unemployment, Poverty
Possible answers: If NO, any two points………..2 marks
-revenue generation
-limited consumption of wine has some benefits for the heart.
- celebration, parties/gathering, culture
NOTE: RELEVANT POINTS SHALL BE CONSIDERED.

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