Urbanisation
1.What is urbanisation?
Ans. Urbanisation is the increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities as compare to
those living in villages.
2.What are the causes of urbanisation?
Ans.
The industrial revolution in the late 18th century in England, Europe and North America,
created a demand for labour and people migrated from the villages to get jobs in these
industries
Expansion of industries lead to rapid urbanisation
Modernisation of urban areas made city life more attractive
Push factors like poverty, lack of employment opportunities low standard of living and lack of
social and then it is in the rural areas
Pull factors such as better employment opportunities higher standard of living better
healthcare, education and recreation facilities, diverse culture and better transport and
communication facilities
3.Name 5 agglomerations?
Ans.
New York
Chicago
Tokyo
Mumbai
Beijing
4.What are the positive impacts of urbanisation?
Ans.
Cities offer a large number of service and job opportunities.
Education, healthcare and entertainment opportunities.
Cities have better infrastructure and higher standard of living.
Exchange of ideas and diversity of culture.
Social and religious taboos disappear.
5.What are the negative impacts of urbanisation?
Ans.
Increase in air and water pollution.
Over population results in unemployment and under employment.
Overcrowding gives rise to public health and sanitation issues growth of slums due to serve
severe shortage of housing.
Problems like poverty, violence and increase crime rate.
Original inhabitants of an area often get displaced due to excessive migration.
6.What are satellite cities?
Ans.
Satellite cities are small or medium sized metropolitan areas that are located near large
cities but I am mostly independent.
Some examples are: -
(i) Brentwood and Crawley – London
(ii) Navi Mumbai and Thane– Mumbai
(iii) Yelahanka - Bengaluru.
7.What is a Smart city?
Ans. A Smart city is a city that uses ICT to improve the efficiency of its services and meet the needs of
the citizens.
8.What is the aim of building a smart city?
Ans. To improve the quality of life, to optimise the use of resources, to improve contact between the
city officials and the citizens and to be better prepared to face challenges.
9.Name some important smart cities?
Ans.
London–UK
New York - United States of America
Tokyo-Japan
Paris- France
10.What are the cities that are developed for smart cities (mention of India)?
Ans.
Chennai
New Delhi
Pune
Bhopal
