Climate Change and Its Impact
Climate change refers to significant changes in global temperatures and weather patterns
over time. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly in
the last century, have accelerated it.
One major cause of climate change is the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural
gas. This process releases carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere, which is the most
significant greenhouse gas.
Deforestation also contributes significantly to climate change. Forests act as carbon sinks,
absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. When trees are cut down, not only is this function lost,
but the carbon stored in them is also released.
Effects of climate change include rising global temperatures, melting polar ice caps, and
rising sea levels. These phenomena threaten coastal communities and small island nations.
Extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, droughts, and floods, are becoming more
frequent and severe due to climate change. These events disrupt agriculture, water supplies,
and livelihoods.
Climate change also affects biodiversity. Many species are unable to adapt to rapidly
changing climates, leading to extinction or displacement.
Mitigation efforts include reducing greenhouse gas emissions through renewable energy
sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. Additionally, afforestation and
reforestation can help absorb atmospheric CO2.
Adaptation strategies involve building resilient infrastructure, improving water resource
management, and adopting sustainable agricultural practices.
The Paris Agreement is a global framework aimed at limiting global warming to well below
2 degrees Celsius. Collaboration among nations is crucial to combat this global issue.
