BRITISH STANDARD BS 594-2:1992

Incorporating
Amendments Nos. 1
and 2

Hot rolled asphalt for

roads and other paved
areas -
Part 2: Specification for the transport,
laying and compaction of rolled asphalt

ICS 93.080.10; 93.08020

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

BS 594-2:1992

Committees responsible for this

British Standard

The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical

Committee B/510, Road Materials, to subcommittee B/510/1, Coated macadam
and hot asphalt, upon which the following bodies were represented:

British Aggregate Construction Materials Industries

British Civil Engineering Test Equipment Manufacturers’ Association
County Surveyors’ Society
Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency)
Department of Transport
Department of Transport (Transport and Road Research Laboratory)
Institute of Asphalt Technology
Institute of Petroleum
Institution of Civil Engineers
Institution of Highways and Transportation
Low Temperature Coal Distillers’ Association of Great Britain Ltd.
Mastic Asphalt Council and Employers’ Federation
Mastic Asphalt Producers’ Association
Refined Bitumen Association Ltd.
Sand and Gravel Association Limited
Society of Chemical Industry

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the direction
of Technical Committee B/510,
was published under the authority
of the Standards Board and comes
into effect on
15 September 1992
Amendments issued since publication
© BSI 09- 1999
Amd. No. Date Comments
First published April 1985
Second edition September 1992 8398 January 1995
The following BSI references 10547 September Indicated by a sideline
relate to the work on this
standard: 1999
Committee reference B/510/1
Draft for comment 90116197 DC

ISBN 0 580 20929 6

 BS 594-2:1992

Contents

Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
Foreword 2
1 Scope 1
2 References 1
3 Definitions 1
4 Transport and delivery 1
5 Preparatory works at the laying site 1
6 Laying of rolled asphalt 2
7 Surface texture 4
8 Rolling 5
9 Surface regularity 6
10 Trafficking 6
Table 1 - Minimum rolling temperatures 4
List of references Inside back cover

© BSI 09-1999 i
BS 594-2:1992

Foreword

This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of Technical
Committee B/510, Road Materials. It is a revision of BS 594-2: 1985, which is
withdrawn.
BS 594 comprises two Parts:
- Part 1: Specification for constituent materials and asphalt mixtures;
- Part 2: Specification for the transport, laying and compaction of rolled
asphalt.
This Part includes requirements and recommendations for transporting asphalt
mixtures and for site work.
Requirements for asphalt mixtures and their constituent materials and for coated
chippings applied to the surface of some asphalt wearing courses are given
in Part 1.
Methods of test associated with the laying of asphalt, for example to determine
the rate of spread of coated chippings, texture-depth of the finished surface and
density of cores drilled from asphalt surfacing are specified in BS 598. Also
included in BS 598 is a method for assessing the compaction performance of other
rollers by comparison with the performance of a non-vibrating 8 t roller.
It has been assumed in the drafting of this Part of BS 594 that the execution of
its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover.
The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the
document was last issued.
Sidelining in this document indicates the most recent changes by amendment.

ii © BSI 09- 1999

 BS 594-2:1992

1 Scope NOTE To ensure adequate time is available for compaction to

be substantially completed before the temperature falls below the
This Part of BS 594 specifies requirements for the specified minimum for rolling (see 8.3.1), minimum delivery
transport, laying and compaction of rolled asphalt temperatures, taken within 30 min of arrival on site, of 140ºC for
wearing course mixtures and 120 ºC for other mixtures are
mixtures, from the time they leave the mixing plant recommended. However, some variation in these temperatures
until they are placed on the road ready to receive a may be necessary to suit specific site conditions and mixes. Any
superimposed layer or traffic It also covers alternative temperatures should be specified in the contract
documents. Temperatures should be measured in accordance
preparatory work at the laying site needed to ensure with BS 598-109.
the substrate is fit to receive the asphalt, and the
procedure necessary to provide a rough-textured 4.3 Discharge
surface on the wearing course for skid-resistance. Diesel oil, kerosine or any other oils that are likely
Notes are included where advice or guidance is to cause softening or damage to the asphalt shall not
considered appropriate. be used on the body of the vehicle to facilitate
discharge of the asphalt.
2 References NOTE The use of dust or sand on the floor of the vehicle may
facilitate discharge but the amount should be kept to a minimum
2.1 Normative references by brushing.
This Part of BS 594 incorporates, by reference,
provisions from specific editions of other 5 Preparatory works at the laying site
publications. These normative references are cited 5.1 General
at the appropriate points in the text and the
publications are listed on the inside back cover. The surface on which asphalt is to be laid shall be
Subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of clean and free from mud, slurry or other deleterious
these publications apply to this Part of BS 594 only material
when incorporated in it by updating or revision. NOTE Trafficking prior to completion of the wearing course
should be, as far as possible, restricted to plant and equipment
2.2 Informative references used for laying and compaction of the materials.
This Part of BS 594 refers to other publications that 5.2 Surface level tolerances
provide information or guidance. Editions of these Prior to commencement of laying, the previous
publications current at the time of issue of this course shall be shaped and then compacted by
standard are listed on the inside back cover, but rolling to produce a firm, dense surface on which the
reference should be made to the latest editions asphalt is to be placed.
3 Definitions Deviations in level, at any point on the constructed
surface of the pavement layer, from the true-surface
For the purposes of this Part of BS 594 the level shall not exceed the following:
definitions given in BS 6100 and BS 594-1:1992
a) sub-base to receive rolled asphalt
apply. roadbase: -+ 10 mm;
30
4 Transport and delivery b) roadbase to receive rolled asphalt
basecourse: ± 15mm;
4.1 Transport
c) basecourse to receive rolled asphalt wearing
Loading of asphalt shall be carried out such that course on motorways, trunk and principal
segregation is minimized. roads: ± 6mm;
Asphalt shall be transported to site in vehicles d) basecourse to receive rolled asphalt wearing
insulated and sheeted to prevent an excessive drop course in other situations, such as minor roads,
in temperature and to protect against adverse car parks, playgrounds: ± 10 mm.
weather conditions.
The sum of the deviations in different pavement
4.2 Delivery layers shall not reduce the specified wearing course
The delivery of asphalt shall be co-ordinated with thickness by more than 12.5 %.
the rate of laying to avoid interruption to the laying NOTE See also the requirements for surface regularity in
process. clause 9.

© BSI 09-1999 1
BS 594-2:1992

5.3 Resurfacing 5.5 Tack coat

5.3.1 When an existing surface is used as a roadbase Tack coat, when required, shall be bitumen
or basecourse, the shape shallll be improved, if emulsion conforming to class Al-40 or Kl-40 of
necessary, by milling or planing and/or by the BS 434-1:1984, and shall be spread at a uniform
addition of a regulating course so that the maximum rate of spread of 0.35 l / m ² to 0.55 l/m² The emulsion
depression under a 3 m straight edge placed shall not be allowed to collect in hollows and shall be
longitudinally, and under a template placed allowed to break before the asphalt is laid.
transversely, does not exceed 13 mm when the
asphalt surfacing is to consist of two-course work, 6 Laying of rolled asphalt
or 10 mm when the asphalt is to be a single wearing 6.1 General
course.
Asphalt shall be laid by a self-propelled paver except
5.3.2 When an existing surface shows an excess of where hand laying is necessary (see 6.2). The paver
binder this shall be removed by planing, milling or shall be fitted with means of imparting initial
other suitable methods. compaction and any necessary apparatus for
NOTE Methods other than planing or milling should be supplying heat to any screed, and shaIl be capable of
approved by the purchaser.
continuously laying to the required widths, profile,
5.3.3 For underlying surfaces made of concrete or camber or crossfall without causing segregation,
sett or block paving, the following special measures dragging, burning or other surface defects or
shall be taken. irregularities. It shall also be capable of operating at
a) Concrete. When asphalt is to be laid on existing a speed consistent with the type and thickness of the
concrete pavements with defective joints, the asphalt being laid.
joints shall be made good by cleaning out and Laying shall be suspended during periods of
refilling and compacting flush with the surface continuous or heavy rain or when free-standing
using a material which wiIl not be adversely water is present on the surface. Asphalt shalI not be
affected by, or itself affect, the surfacing. placed on any surface which is frozen or covered
NOTE Occasionally special treatment of joints or cracks in with ice or snow. Laying shall cease, except in calm
the concrete may be necessary. It is important to ensure that conditions, when the air temperature falls to 0 ºC
there is no vertical movement of slabs at joints or cracks. and, in calm conditions, when the air temperature
b) Sett or block paving. All loose or weak areas falls to - 3 “C. Laying may proceed when the air
shall be removed and replaced with asphalt temperature rises to or above - 1 “C, provided the
basecourse or cement concrete. Excess bitumen or surface is dry and free from ice and snow and
pitch used to grout sett joints shall be removed. compaction can be substantially completed before
To ensure a good key, alI joints shall be cleaned of the asphalt cools below the temperature given
deleterious matter to a depth of at least 15 mm. A in Table 1.
coat of bitumen emulsion conforming to class NOTE 1 Several factors affect the rate of cooling of asphalt
Al-40 or Kl-40 of BS 434-1:1984 shall be applied layers and hence the time available for compaction.
to the paving and then covered with 6.3 mm a) Layer thickness is important. Thicker layers cool more
chippings spread at a rate of slowly. Basecourse and roadbase layers 60 mm or more thick
approximately 6 kg/m². provide adequate time for compaction under most weather
conditions. Thinner layers need more care.
5.4 Adjustment or regulation of levels b) Wind speed has a greater effect on the rate of cooling than
air temperature.
5.4.1 When asphalt is used to adjust or regulate the c) Ambient temperature should be taken into consideration
levels of the base or underlying surface, to provide but is of less significance than wind speed. In calm conditions
superelevation or for any other purpose, a laying can proceed satisfactorily at temperatures at or
basecourse mixture, conforming to group 1 of below 0 ºC if the substrate is free of ice and snow.
BS 594-1:1992 shall be used as a regulating course. d) The time available for compaction is also dependent on the
type of binder in the mixture and the temperature of the
5.4.2 NOTE 1 There is no practical limit to the maximum mixture as it is laid.
thickness of the regulating course. e) The control of compaction time does not lend itself to simple
The regulating course shall be placed in layers not rules. Laying personnel should be aware of the factors
exceeding 100 mm, each layer being laid and affecting compaction time and adjust their working practices
accordingly
compacted in accordance with the methods
described in clauses 6 and 8.
NOTE 2 When the total thickness of regulating course will not
exceed 40 mm, asphalt wearing course material as described in
BS 594-l may be used.

2 © BSI 09- 1999

 BS 594-2:1992

When laying chipped wearing courses (see clause 7), 6.4 Thickness
in windy and/or cold conditions, the delivery The nominal size of aggregate in the material and
vehicles and paving train shall be controlled to the nominal thickness of the layer shall be within
minimize delays between discharging material into the appropriate range specified in Tables 2 to 6 of
the paver, laying, application of chippings and BS 594-1:1992. (See also 6.4.)
initial rolling of chippings into the freshly laid
wearing course material. 6.5 Falls and drainage
NOTE 2 The embedment and adhesion of coated chippings is The finished surface shall be laid as follows.
affected by surface chilling of asphalt, which occurs quickly in a) Cross-fall. In the case of roads with a straight
windy conditions, particularly if it is also cold. The factors
involved are those described in note 1 and the same guidance cross-fall, the fall shall be not more than 3 % nor
applies. less than 2 %.
NOTE 3 When chipped wearing courses are required to be laid b) Camber. With roads to be cambered the
in winter, some loss of chippings can be anticipated, particularly
where heavy rates of spread of chippings have been applied to
average fall of the finished surface from the
achieve high levels of texture-depth (see 7.3). The risk increases crown to the channel shall be not more
if the wearing course is first trafficked in cold weather. than 3 % nor less than 2 %.
NOTE 4 Where laying in adverse conditions cannot be avoided, c) Longitudinal fall. Longitudinal drainage falls
consideration should be given to using special binders or thicker
layers which may extend the effective compaction time. in the channel shall have a gradient of not less
Insulation of paver hoppers, where practicable, will also provide than 0.8 %.
some benefit.
6.6 Joints
6.2 Hand laying
6.6.1 When joints between laying widths or
Hand laying shall be used only where site conditions transverse joints have to be made in wearing
make machine laying impractical or where small courses, the material shall be f’ulIy compacted and
quantities of material are involved. When asphalt is the joint made flush. Joints shall normally be offset
to be deposited in heaps after delivery to site, the at least 300 mm from parallel joints in the
heap shall be placed on a clean hard surface, and the underlying layer.
asphalt protected from adverse weather and loss of NOTE A pattern of longitudinal joints may be specified to suit
heat. expected traffic conditions during and after construction.
NOTE Materials can be supplied direct from the delivery
vehicle.
6.6.2 The joint shall be made flush in one of the
following ways. Method c) shall always be used for
The material shall be spread in a loose uniform transverse joints.
layer of even texture, taking precautions to
minimize segregation and to avoid contamination. a) The joint shall be heated with an approved
joint heater at the time the additional width is
6.3 Mechanical laying being laid, but without cutting back or coating
6.3.1 The paver shall be operated at a speed that with binder. The heater shall raise the
permits continuous laying as far as supply and site temperature to not less than the value given
conditions allow. in Table 1 and for a width not less than 75 mm on
NOTE The paving operation should be under the control of a each side of the joint. Equipment necessary for
fully trained and experienced operator. operating method c) shall be available in the
6.3.2 The thickness of the layer shall be controlled event of a breakdown.
to achieve the required finished thickness after b) Two or more pavers shall be operated in
rolling. echelon where this is practicable and in sufficient
NOTE 1 Narrow strips remaining alongside machine work may proximity for adjacent widths to be fully
be hand laid and rolled at the same time as the machine laid compacted by continuous rolling.
work.
c) The exposed edge shall be cut back to a vertical
NOTE 2 Immediately after material in any course is laid, and
before it is rolled, the surface should be inspected and all defects face of not less than the specified thickness, all
and irregularities in alignment, grade or texture corrected by the loosened material shall be discarded and the
addition or removal of material. vertical face coated with a thin uniform coating of
6.3.3 Materials remaining in hoppers, conveying hot 50 or 70 pen grade bitumen before the next
and spreading mechanisms, tampers and screed width is laid.
shall be cleaned off at the end of each working day. NOTE Cold applied thixotropic bitumen compound of similar
Cleaning solvents shall not be allowed to come into bitumen grade or other jointing compound found by local
contact with any asphalt layer. experience to be satisfactory may be used where approved by the
purchaser.

© BSI 09- 1999 3

BS 594-2:1992

Table 1 - Minimum rolling temperatures

Binder number Type Grade Minimum rolling temperature (based on hinder
viscosity of approximately 30 Pa (300 poise))
ºC

1 Bitumen 35pen 90
2 Lake asphalt-bitumen 35 pen 90
3 Bitumen 50 pen 85
4 Lake asphalt-bitumen 50pen 85
5 Bitumen 70pen 80
6 Lake asphalt-bitumen 70 pen 80
7 Bitumen 100 pen 75
NOTE If 40 pen HD bitumen is used a minimum rolling temperature of 95 ºC is appropriate.
6.7 Projections 7.1.3 The rate of spread for chippings shaIl be
6.7.1 The vertical faces of ironwork, kerbs, channels either:
and similar projections, against which the asphalt is a) not less than 70 % of that required to give
to abut, shall be cleaned and coated with hot shoulder-to-shoulder cover; or
bitumen or other approved jointing compound b) where there is evidence that the required
before the asphalt is laid (see 6.6.2c). skid-resistance (as texture-depth where
6.7.2 Ironwork, gullies and similar projections shall specified) can be consistently achieved, not less
be raised to their final level only after laying than 60 % of shoulder-to-shoulder cover.
basecourse and before laying the wearing course. The rate of spread of chippings shall be measured in
The asphalt shall be tamped around and against accordance with clause 6 of BS 598-108:1990.
such projections by means of hot tampers. The
7.2 Method of applying the coated chippings
finished surface shall be left flush with the top of,
or not more than 3 mm above, such projections. 7.2.1 A mechanical chipping spreader shalI be used
where practicable.
6.7.3 Gullies and channel blocks shall be set slightly
lower than the adjacent asphalt surface. 7.2.2 When spreading chippings on roads,
unchipped channels not less than 150 mm wide
7 Surface texture shall be left alongside the kerb to allow surface
water to flow to the gulleys.
7.1 General
NOTE It is convenient to make preliminary adjustments to the
7.1.1 Wearing course mixtures spreader by laying chippings on a clean hard surface, so that the
containing 35 % (m/m) or less nominal coarse rate of spread across the width of the machine can be measured
aggregate shall have coated chippings conforming to and adjusted as necessary.
BS 594-1:1992 applied if it is required to enhance 7.3 Texture-depth
skid-resistance. 7.3.1 The minimum texture-depth to be achieved
NOTE 1 On roads carrying relatively slow traffic shalI be specified to ensure adequate resistance to
(under 90 km/h), the rate of spread of chippings should be skidding at higher vehicle speeds. Compliance shall
sufficient to provide a surface of adequate sideways force
coefficient, resulting from the resistance to polishing of the be assessed in accordance with 7.3.2 and 7.3.3.
chippings. On high speed roads a good surface texture should NOTE 1 The specification of texture-depth is site-specific and
additionally be required to maintain skid-resistance at higher outside the scope of this standard. However, the following
speeds (see 7.3). guidance should prove useful.
NOTE 2 Where skid-resistance is not an important a) On motorways and those trunk roads where
consideration, coated chippings may be omitted. the 85 percentile speed of traffic exceeds SO km/h, an average
texture-depth of not less than 1.5 mm, measured by the sand
7.1.2 After initial compaction by the paver or, in the patch method given in BS 598-105, is currently specified.
case of hand laying, by the first pass of the roller, the b) On areas subjected to high turning stresses, such as on the
asphalt surface shall be covered with a uniform circulating areas of roundabouts, the high levels of
layer of coated chippings, and then rolled at a texture-depth sometimes specified for chipped rolled asphalt
temperature above the minimum specified wearing courses on high speed carriageways should be
avoided. There is some risk of chipping loss, especially where
in Table 1. tight turning by heavy vehicles causes 'scuffing" of the
surfacing. Vehicle speeds in these areas are usually limited
and in these circumstances skid-resistance depends more on
micro-texture, arising from the use of aggregate of adequate
polished stone value (PSV), than on deep macro-texture of the
chipped surface itself

4 © BSI SS- 1999

 BS 594-2:1992

c) On roundabouts where vehicles are capable of maintaining 8.2.3 Where the performance of a roller is unknown,
relatively high speeds (e.g. large rural motorway/trunk road
roundabouts)! traffic-induced stresses will be less severe and it shall be assessed in accordance with clause 3 of
the risk of chipping loss reduced. Nevertheless, a lower BS 598-1091990.
average texture-depth than for high speed carriageways
may be adequate. An average texture-depth of not less NOTE 1 Rollers should be in satisfactory mechanical operating
than 1.0 mm has been specified by highway authorities on condition and should be operated by skilled, experienced roller
occasions for such sites. drivers.
NOTE 2 Although it is desirable that chipping loss be kept to a NOTE 2 The following numbers of rollers are likely to be
minimum, surfacings that conform to a specified texture-depth needed. The precise numbers will depend on such considerations
requirement should not be rejected merely because they suffer as the thickness of course being laid, the length of working day
minor chipping loss. and ambient temperature.
NOTE 3 Risk of chipping loss from areas of poor chipping a) Machine-laid areas. At least two rollers per paver should be
embedment can sometimes be remedied by careful warming of used at all times except on small areas such as car parks and
the surface using infra-red heating and rerolling. Addition of similar areas. A third roller may also be required when the
chippings to the surface, to replace lost chippings, is unlikely to daily tonnage exceeds:
yield satisfactory results with these techniques. 1) 450 t of roadbase or basecourse;
7.3.2 The average texture-depth for each section of 2) 250 t of wearing course.
carriageway lane tested shall be not less than that This advice is based on the assumption that water and fuel
specified. The average of each set of 10 individual are readily available; otherwise it will be necessary to have
an additional roller available.
measurements shall be not less than 80 % of that
b) Hand-laid areas (footways, verges and similar areas). At
specified. least one roller should be used.
7.3.3 Each individual measurement of Smaller rollers may be permitted for sites having restricted
texture-depth shall be made by the sand-patch test access or limited working area or restricted width of
surfacing or where the underlying construction will not
method described in BS 598-105:1990. support an 8 t roller or equivalent.
NOTE Other methods, such as the laser texture meter method
described in BS 598105, may be used as screening methods to 8.3 Compaction
identify areas of a site, if any, that need to be checked by the 8.3.1 Laying of asphalt shall not commence until the
sand-patch method, provided that site correlation trials have
been carried out and the appropriate correction factors used. rollers and their operators are at the place of laying
and ready to commence compaction. The asphalt
8 Rolling shall be compacted as soon as rolling can be
undertaken without causing undue displacement of
8.1 General
the asphalt. Compaction shall be substantially
The compaction achieved shall be adequate to completed at as high a temperature as practicable
obtain full strength in each layer and to assist and while the temperature of the asphalt is above
adhesion throughout the pavement necessary for the appropriate temperature given in Table 1.
structural integrity. Temperatures shall be measured in accordance with
8.2 Equipment BS 598-109: 1990.
8.2.1 Rollers shall be either dead-weight rollers of NOTE 1 Except for cross-rolling at transverse joints, rolling
should be in a longitudinal direction with the driven rolls nearest
not less than 8 t or vibratory rollers of at least equal the paver. The roller should first compact the material adjacent
compactive capability. to the longitudinal joints and then work longitudinally up the
crossfall, overlapping on successive roller passes. The rolling
8.2.2 Rollers shall either: should be such as to ensure that compaction is as uniform as
a) have smooth wheels, with width of rear roll not possible across the road width. In order to do this at least half the
roller passes should be along the edges of the layer. The positions
less than 450 mm, be fitted with a quick and at which the roller reverses should be staggered.
smooth acting reversing mechanism and have NOTE 2 Care should be taken to prevent surface cracking
wetting mats of at least the width of the wheels; occurring as a result of rolling at temperatures close to the
or appmpriate minimum temperature specified in Table 1; finishing
rolling may be carried out at temperatures below those given
b) be pneumatic tyred rollers of equivalent in Table 1.
compactive performance, except that finishing of NOTE 3 Rolling at unduly high temperatures can result in
base courses and wearing courses shall be carried excessive displacement of material and cause unduly smooth
out using a smooth, steel-wheeled roller, which textures on wearing courses.
may be a vibratory roller operated without 8.3.2 Rollers shall not be allowed to stand on
vibration. asphalt that is still warm.

© BSI 09- 1999 5

 BS 594-2:1992

9 Surface regularity 10 Trafficking

For machine laid work, the longitudinal regularity, Newly laid sections of asphalt shall not be opened to
and transverse regularity on straight crossfalls, of traffic until all pavement layers have cooled to
finished surfaces shall be such that the maximum ambient temperature.
depression, measured under a 3 m straightedge
placed parallel to the centre-line of the carriageway,
1 or at right angles to it for transverse regularity,
shall not exceed 5 mm for wearing courses, 10 mm
for basecourses and 14 mm for roadbases.
NOTE 1 For other transverse profiles, care should be taken that
depressions or ridges that would either obstruct drainage or
cause traffic hazards do not occur.
NOTE 2 While it is desirable for similar tolerances to be
achieved in all work, they might not always be achievable with
hand laid work.

© BSI 09- 1999

6
 BS 594-2:1992

List of references (see clause 2)

Normative references

BSI standards publications

BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION, London

BS 434, Bitumen road emulsions (anionic and cationic).

BS 434-l: 1984, Specification for bitumen road emulsions.
BS 594, Hot rolled asphalt for roads and other paved areas.
BS 594-1:1992, Specification for constituent materials and asphalt mixtures.
BS 598, Sampling and examination of bituminous mixtures for roads and other paved areas.
BS 598-105:1990, Methods of test for the determination of texture depth.
BS 598-108:1990, Methods for determination of the condition of the binder on coated chippings and for
measurement of the rate of spread of coated chippings.
BS 598- 109: 1990,
Procedures for the measurement of the temperature of bituminous mixtures.
BS 6100, Glossary of building and civil engineering terms.

© BSI 09-1999
 BSI - British Standards Institution

BSI is the independent nationaI body responsible for preparing British Standards. It
presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the intemationaI level It is
incorporated by Royal Charter.
Revisions
British Standards are updated by amendment or revision Users of British Standards
should make sure that they possess the Iatest amendments or editions.
It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We
would be gratefuI if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity whiIe using this
British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible,
the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: 020 8996 9090.
Fax : 020 8996 7400.
BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that
subscribers automatically receive the Iatest editions of standards.
Buying standards
Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards pubIications should be
addressed to Customer Services. Tel: 020 8996 9091. Fax: 020 8996 7001.
ln response to orders forinternationaI standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI
implementation of those that have been published as British Standards, unless
otherwise requested.
Information on standards
BSI provides a wide range of information on national European and internationaI
standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters Service. Various
BSI electronic information services are also available which give details on alI its
products and services. Contact the Information Centre. Tel: 020 8996 7111.
Fax: 020 8996 7048.
Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and
receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. For details of
these and other benefits contact Membership Administration. Tel: 020 9996 7092.
Fax: 020 8996 7001.
Copyright
Copyright subsists in aII BSI pubIications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the UK, of
the pubIications of the international standardization bodies. Except as permitted
under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means - electronic,
photocopying, recording or otherwise - without prior written permission from BSL
This does not preclude the freeuse, in the course of implementing the standard, of
necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these
details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior
written permission of BSI must be obtained
If permission is granted, the terms may include royalty payments or a licensing
agreement. Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright Manager
Tel: 020 8996 7070.

BSI
389 Chiswick High Road
London
W4 4AL