Implementing Spring Security and JWT Authentication
Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners and Experienced Developers
This document provides a comprehensive guide to implementing Spring Security and JWT (JSON
Web Token) authentication
in a Spring Boot application. It is designed to be beginner-friendly and suitable for production use,
following the latest versions of
Spring Security and Spring Boot. The document is structured to guide developers through the
process of first setting up basic security
and then extending the configuration to include JWT authentication.
Table of Contents
1. Prerequisites
2. Setting Up Spring Boot Project
3. Basic Spring Security Configuration
3.1. Adding Spring Security Dependency
3.2. Configuring SecurityConfig Class
3.3. Creating a Custom UserDetailsService
3.4. Creating the User Entity
3.5. Securing Endpoints
4. JWT Authentication Configuration
4.1. Adding JWT Dependency
4.2. Creating JWT Utility Class
4.3. Implementing JWTAuthenticationFilter
4.4. Creating JWTAuthenticationEntryPoint
4.5. Modifying SecurityConfig for JWT
4.6. Creating Authentication Controller
5. Testing the Implementation
6. Conclusion
1. Prerequisites
Before starting, ensure that you have the following prerequisites:
1. JDK 17 or later installed on your machine.
2. Maven or Gradle for dependency management.
3. An IDE such as IntelliJ IDEA or Eclipse.
4. Basic knowledge of Spring Boot and REST APIs.
2. Setting Up Spring Boot Project
Start by creating a new Spring Boot project. You can use Spring Initializr (https://start.spring.io/)
to generate the project with the necessary dependencies.
Steps:
1. Go to Spring Initializr and select your project settings (Maven/Gradle, Java version, etc.).
2. Add the following dependencies:
- Spring Web
- Spring Security
- Spring Data JPA
- H2 Database (or MySQL for production)
3. Generate the project and download the zip file.
4. Extract the project and open it in your IDE.
3. Basic Spring Security Configuration
3.1. Adding Spring Security Dependency
If you haven't added Spring Security dependency through Spring Initializr, add it to your pom.xml file
manually.
For Maven:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
For Gradle:
implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security'
