Rayat Bahra University
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Rayat Bahra University
Table Of Contents
Topic page no
i. Lecture on Legal Ethics and Pathway to Advocacy 4-5
Date: 08/11/2024
ii. Workshop on Non-Verbal Communication 6-7
including Body Posture
Date:08/11/2024
iii. Boot Camp on Soft Skills 8-10
Date:10/09/2024
iv. Lecture on Various Stages of Criminal Proceedings 11-12
Date:10/08/2024
v. Academic visit to Supreme Court of India 13
Date:03/10/2024
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Rayat Bahra University
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to everyone who contributed to the successful
completion of my legal summer training.
First and foremost, I extend my sincere thanks to RAYAT BAHRA UNIVERSITY for providing
me with the opportunity to gain valuable practical experience and enhance my legal knowledge.
I am deeply grateful to my supervisor, Prof.(Dr.) Dharmender Patial (Dean & Professor), for
their guidance, encouragement, and insightful feedback throughout the training. Their expertise and
mentorship have been instrumental in broadening my understanding of legal principles and their
application.
This training has been a remarkable learning experience, and I hope to build upon the skills and
knowledge gained during this time in my future endeavors.
VISTAR GUPTA
16/11/2024
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Rayat Bahra University
Legal Ethics and Pathway to Advocacy
Held on: November 8, 2024
Held at: Moot Court Hall, Rayat Bahra University, Mohali
Resource person: Mr. Avinash Rai Khanna
The session offered insightful guidance on the qualities necessary for becoming a successful and
ethical lawyer. The event was organized under the direction of Dean Prof. (Dr.) Dharmender Patial
The workshop highlighted key aspects of “Legal Ethics” and the journey toward becoming an
advocate:
Key Insights on Legal Ethics:
1. Confidentiality: Protecting client secrets is essential for building trust and ensuring effective
representation.
2. Conflict of Interest: Lawyers must avoid situations where their personal interests could interfere
with their duty to clients.
3. Competence: Ongoing learning and skill development are crucial for lawyers to offer accurate
advice and effective representation.
4. Professionalism: Lawyers must conduct themselves with dignity and respect for the law and the
legal profession.
5. Duties to the Court and Society: Lawyers must balance their responsibilities to clients with their
obligations to uphold justice and the public interest.
Pathway to Advocacy:
The journey to becoming an advocate involves rigorous education, practical experience, and a
commitment to ethical practice. The essential steps include:
1. Educational Foundation: Obtaining a law degree to acquire fundamental legal knowledge and
critical thinking skills.
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Rayat Bahra University
2. Practical Training: Gaining hands-on experience through internships, clerkships, moot courts,
and legal clinics to hone advocacy skills.
3. Bar Examination and Licensing: Passing the bar exam and meeting certification requirements to
practice law, with a focus on understanding professional ethics.
4. Mentorship and Continuous Learning: Learning from experienced lawyers and engaging in
continuous legal education to stay updated with evolving laws and ethical standards.
Legal ethics and the pathway to advocacy are interconnected pillars that ensure lawyers advocate
competently and uphold the integrity of the legal system. Aspiring lawyers must embrace these
principles early and consistently throughout their careers to build their professional reputation and
contribute positively to the administration of justice.
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Rayat Bahra University
Workshop on Non-Verbal Communication including Body Posture
Held on: 08/11/2024
Held at: Moot Court Hall, Rayat Bahra University, Mohali
Resource Person: Ms. Sanyukta Tuli
The workshop on "Non-Verbal Communication including Body Posture “provided a
comprehensive understanding of how body language and posture play a crucial role in
communication. The session was conducted under the guidance of Dean Prof. (Dr.) Dharmender
Patial, with chief guest Ms. Sanyukta Tuli as the chief guest and resource person.
Key Takeaways on Non-Verbal Communication:
Non-verbal communication is the process of conveying messages without words, using gestures,
facial expressions, tone of voice, body language, and posture. Among these, body posture is
particularly significant as it can communicate emotions, attitudes, and intentions. Understanding
and mastering body posture can enhance communication, build relationships, reduce
misunderstandings, and improve both personal and professional presence.
Types of Body Postures:
1. Open Posture: Arms uncrossed and body facing forward—this posture signals openness,
confidence, and receptivity.
2. Closed Posture: Arms crossed and body turned away—this suggests defensiveness, discomfort,
or disinterest.
3. Leaning: Leaning forward indicates interest and engagement, while leaning back may suggest
relaxation or disengagement.
4. Upright Posture: Standing or sitting with a straight back and relaxed shoulders reflects
confidence and attentiveness.
5. Slouched Posture: Drooping shoulders or a hunched back often signals fatigue, sadness, or a lack
of confidence.
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Rayat Bahra University
The Significance of Body Posture:
1. Expresses Emotions: Body posture is a strong indicator of emotional state—slouching may
reflect sadness, while an upright posture communicates confidence.
2. Fosters Trust: An open posture invites trust and signals approachability.
3. Shows Confidence: A balanced, upright posture portrays confidence and assertiveness.
4. Enhances Engagement: Leaning slightly forward during conversations shows active listening and
genuine interest.
5. Creates Positive First Impressions: A positive and confident posture can immediately convey
professionalism and poise.
Tips for Improving Body Posture:
1. Stand Tall: Maintain a straight back with relaxed shoulders to convey confidence.
2. Avoid Crossing Your Arms: Keep your arms open to appear more approachable.
3. Engage Actively: Lean forward slightly during conversations to show interest.
4. Mirror Others Respectfully: Subtly mimic others' postures to build rapport.
5. Be Aware of Your Posture: Stay mindful of your posture in both formal and informal settings.
Conclusion:
non-verbal communication, particularly body posture, is a powerful tool in expressing emotions
and enhancing interactions. Mastering body language can improve communication effectiveness,
build stronger relationships, and elevate one's personal and professional presence. It's important to
also recognize cultural variations in body language to avoid misinterpretations and ensure clear
communication.
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Rayat Bahra University
Boot Camp on Soft Skills
Held on: 10/09/2024
Held at: Moot Court Hall, Rayat Bahra University, Mohali
Resource Person: Ms. Sanyukta Tuli
The Soft Skills Workshop, was a valuable session guided by Dean Prof. (Dr.) Dharmender Patial
and led by Ms. Sanyukta Tuli. The workshop emphasized the significance of soft skills, which
play a key role in both personal and professional development. These skills enhance one's ability to
interact effectively with others, adapt to various situations, and complement technical expertise,
contributing to overall growth.
Key Takeaways on Soft Skills:
Soft skills are essential for success in all areas of life. They improve communication, teamwork,
and problem-solving abilities, fostering stronger relationships and personal growth.
Examples of Soft Skills:
- Communication
- Leadership
- Problem-solving
- Time Management
Why Soft Skills Are Important:
1. Workplace Benefits:
- Fosters better teamwork and collaboration
- Strengthens leadership abilities
- Improves decision-making and problem-solving skills
2. Personal Growth:
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Rayat Bahra University
- Enhances interpersonal relationships
- Boosts confidence and adaptability
- Encourages continuous learning and development
3. Real-World Examples:
- How effective communication can lead to successful project outcomes.
- The role of conflict resolution in maintaining positive work dynamics.
Core Areas of Soft Skills:
1. Communication:
- Mastering verbal and non-verbal communication
- Active listening
- Giving and receiving constructive feedback
2. Emotional Intelligence:
- Self-awareness and empathy
- Conflict resolution strategies
- Managing emotions in high-pressure situations
3. Leadership:
- Inspiring and motivating teams
- Delegating tasks effectively and ensuring accountability
- Developing visionary thinking and planning
4. Time Management:
- Effective prioritization
- Setting realistic and achievable goals
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Rayat Bahra University
- Overcoming procrastination
Benefits of a Soft Skills Boot Camp:
1. Holistic Development: Builds both personal and professional strengths.
2. Practical Application: Provides hands-on learning through interactive activities, case studies, and
role-playing.
3. Networking Opportunities: Encourages peer-to-peer and mentor connections to foster idea
exchange and collaboration.
Conclusion:
Soft skills are foundational to both personal success and professional effectiveness. They enable
individuals to communicate better, work more efficiently with others, and handle challenges with
confidence. A boot camp dedicated to developing soft skills offers a practical and focused approach
to mastering these abilities, preparing individuals to thrive in both their careers and personal lives.
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Rayat Bahra University
Lecture on Various Stages of Criminal Proceeding
Held on: 10/08/2024
Held at: Moot Court Hall, Rayat Bahra University, Mohali
Resource Person: Mr. Avinash Rai Khanna
The workshop on Criminal Proceedings under the guidance of Dean Prof. (Dr.) Dharmender
Patial. The session, led by Mr. Avinash Rai Khanna, provided an in-depth understanding of the
structured process of criminal proceedings, from the initial investigation to the final adjudication
and potential appeals.
In this session Mr Avinash Rai Khanna explained Various stages in criminal proceedings with his
real life experiences and used many interesting cases where he used his presence of mind to tackle
the situations.
1. Prosecution
1. He explained all criminal cases are against State and prosecution is always state it is
responsibility of state to file the case in the court
2. Then he explained it is duty of prosecution to mention the injured or victims, Eye
Witnesses of the incidents
3. Then he explained some details of FIR are very crucial like Time of incident, place of
incident and the weapons or object through which injury was caused.
4. Then he explained Framing of Charges by prosecution and naming of the witnesses as
PW1 (Prosecution witness 1)
PW2 (Prosecution witness 2) and so on
Inquiry
He explained inquiry is one the most crucial stage of a proceeding and must be fair and just
Then he explained inquiry is not always straight and simple it must be in depth and should not
leave any doubt.
Then he explained inquiry of FIR regarding time and other details in the FIR , inquiry of MLR
(medico legal report)
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Rayat Bahra University
Then he explained nature of inquiry Any kind of unexplained delay in FIR or MLR must be
inquired properly with the proper reasoning.
Then he explained about Recovery Memo all the items recovered from the person by police either
clothes, weapons or any item must be inquired properly
Defense side
He explained the main role of defense is to counter the prosecution and create a doubt in the court
Then in certain cases the time of MLR becomes very important and if there is a unexplained delay
then it must be used by defense and sometime due to which time of injury is also not sure.
Then he explained to find out is there any relation between eye witness and the victim creates a
natural doubt as well as the nature of injury either self-suffered or friendly
Then he explained conduct of witness is also very important and the place from where he witnessed
the incident whether from far away or near the incident.
Cases
Then he told us a very interesting case where his client had hit another person with a car and was
facing trial
Sir told us about an interesting case where he shared the accounts of an accident case where a
person had hit the victim from a car. Sir was representing the accused. The accused had a brother
with similar facial features which made Sir have an idea. He produced the brother in the court
claiming him to be the accused. Once the victim claimed that the person was the offender, Sir
revealed to the court that the person identified was not the accused but his brother, thus creating a
reasonable doubt as the brother had alibi for the time of occurrence of the offence.
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Rayat Bahra University
Academic Visit to Supreme Court of India
Held on: 03/10/2024
Held at: Supreme court of India
The Academic Visit to the Supreme Court of India, conducted under the guidance of Dean Prof.
(Dr.) Dharmender Patial, our visit to the Supreme Court of India was an unforgettable and
profoundly enriching experience. Witnessing live court proceedings allowed us to observe
firsthand how cases are argued and how the judges preside over hearings with precision and
authority. It was an eye-opening opportunity to understand the intricacies of the judicial process
at the apex level and appreciate the discipline, decorum, and professionalism that govern the
courtroom.
We also had the privilege of exploring the Supreme Court library, a treasure trove of legal
knowledge, housing an extensive collection of books and resources. Seeing the original copy of
the Indian Constitution was a moment of awe, reminding us of the profound history and principles
that guide our nation.
One of the highlights of our visit was interacting with a practicing advocate of the Supreme Court.
The conversation provided us with valuable insights into the practical aspects of legal practice,
along with thoughtful advice that will undoubtedly guide us as we build our careers. The
advocate’s words of wisdom and encouragement inspired us to strive harder in our journey
toward becoming competent and ethical lawyers.
This meaningful and educational trip not only enhanced our understanding of the legal system but
also strengthened our resolve to pursue our dreams in the legal profession. Beyond the academic
value, it was a time filled with joy and camaraderie, as we bonded with friends, shared laughter,
sang songs, and created memories during our travels. This experience will remain etched in our
hearts as a significant milestone in our journey, both personally and professionally.
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