Faculty of Information Technology
HANOI UNIVERSITY
61FIT3NPR – Network Programming
Java SWING
1. Exercise 1: swing from code only
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
public class CalculateDemo extends JFrame implements ActionListener{
private JButton btn1, btn2, btn3, btn4;
/*2 so va ket qua*/
private JTextField tf1, tf2, tf3;
private double result;
/*dung de nhan tang ContentPane JFrame*/
private Container container;
/*dung panel de nhom cac thanh phan tren giao dien*/
private JPanel panel1, panel2;
public CalculateDemo(String s) {
super(s);
/*lay class ContentPane de dat cac doi tuong hien thi*/
container = this.getContentPane();
/*tao cac thanh phan tren giao dien*/
JLabel num1 = new JLabel("1st number: ");
tf1 = new JTextField();
JLabel num2 = new JLabel("1st number: ");
tf2 = new JTextField();
JLabel resultl = new JLabel("Ket qua: ");
tf3 = new JTextField();
tf3.setEditable(false);
/*panel 1*/
panel1 = new JPanel();
/*layout gom 3 cot*/
panel1.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
/*panel 1*/
panel1.add(num1);
panel1.add(tf1);
panel1.add(num2);
panel1.add(tf2);
panel1.add(resultl);
panel1.add(tf3);
/*tao 4 buttons*/
btn1 = new JButton("+");
btn2= new JButton("-");
btn3 = new JButton("*");
btn4 = new JButton(":");
/*Panel2 co 4 nut*/
panel2 = new JPanel();
panel2.add(btn1);
panel2.add(btn2);
panel2.add(btn3);
panel2.add(btn4);
/*2 panel get in ContentPane*/
container.add(panel1);
container.add(panel2,"South");
btn1.addActionListener(this);
btn2.addActionListener(this);
btn3.addActionListener(this);
btn4.addActionListener(this);
/*kich thuoc hien thi*/
this.setSize(350, 200);
this.setVisible(true);
}
public void Add()
{
result = Double.parseDouble(tf1.getText()) +
Double.parseDouble(tf2.getText());
tf3.setText(String.valueOf(result));
}
public void Minus()
{
result = Double.parseDouble(tf1.getText()) -
Double.parseDouble(tf2.getText());
tf3.setText(String.valueOf(result));
}
public void Multi()
{
result = Double.parseDouble(tf1.getText()) *
Double.parseDouble(tf2.getText());
tf3.setText(String.valueOf(result));
}
public void Div()
{
result = Double.parseDouble(tf1.getText()) /
Double.parseDouble(tf2.getText());
tf3.setText(String.valueOf(result));
}
/*bat dau tinh toan khi nguoi dung nhap phep tinh*/
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
if (e.getActionCommand()=="+") {
//khi chua nhap so da bam tinh toan
if(tf1.getText().equals("") || tf2.getText().equals("")) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Ban chua nhap
du");
}else {
Add();
}
}
if (e.getActionCommand()=="-") {
if(tf1.getText().equals("")|| tf2.getText().equals("")) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Ban chua nhap
du");
}else {
Minus();
}
}
if (e.getActionCommand()=="*"){
if(tf1.getText().equals("")|| tf2.getText().equals("")) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Ban chua nhap
du");
}else {
Multi();
}
}
if (e.getActionCommand()==":") {
if(tf1.getText().equals("")|| tf2.getText().equals("")) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "Ban chua nhap
du");
}else {
Div();
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
CalculateDemo cal = new CalculateDemo("SimpleCalculator");
// cal.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
}
}
2. Exercise 2: with IntelliJ GUI
https://examples.javacodegeeks.com/desktop-java/ide/intellij-
gui-designer-example/
IntelliJ GUI Designer Example
This example demonstrates how you can utilize IntelliJ GUI Designer to create
a graphical user interface that is based on the Swing library components. It
must be noted that IntelliJ does not support modeling of non-swing
components.
When working with the GUI Designer you operate in design view where you
are able to drag and drop swing components within the context of a form. All
GUI information related to the form are stored in a file with .form extension.
When creating a GUI component in IntelliJ you begin by creating a form, this
form serves as a container that groups all other components that are
required for your application. When a form is created, IntelliJ provides you
with an option of also creating a Bound Class. A Bound Class is a Java class
that is bound to a form and contains auto-generated code that reflects the
components that are added on the form. The bound class can be updated at
any point to add specific behavior on the components that have been added
in the form.
In this example we shall create a simple calculator application to
demonstrate how you work with the GUI Designer.
1. Creating a new project
Launch IntelliJ and create a new project called: CalculatorGUI.
Create a new package in the src/java directory called com.javacodegeeks.example
Right-click the new package and select -> New -> GUI Form
In the New GUI Form Window populate the following:
Form Name: Calculator
Base layout manager: GridLayoutManager(IntelliJ)
Create bound class:selected
Class name: Calculator
Clicking Ok on the GUI Form window once its populated, should display design-time
graphical view as seen below:
2. Graphical view
The graphical view allows you to drag and drop swing components to be added on the Form
of the application. When any file that has a .form extension has been selected into the view,
the following windows are displayed:
1. Component tree – displays the hierarchical view of the
components that have been added on the form.
2. Property editor – displays the properties of the components
added on the form which can be edited.
3. Design area – the graphical view of the form. Components are
dragged into this area to be added on the form.
4. Palette – contains all available swing components that can be
selected to be added on the form.
3. Creating the GUI
3.1 Add Results display
Drag the JTextField from the palette and drop it in the design area. Update the field name in
the property editor to read: results
When you add the JTextField the Vertical Spacer also gets automatically added.
3.2 Add Buttons
Drag the JButton from the palette and drop it in the design area. Add the JButton on the left-
hand side of the Vertical Spacer . As you release the mouse a tooltip will be displayed
showing JPanel(Row 1, Before Col 0) , which indicates the position where the component
will be placed in the grid. Repeat the process to add 4 buttons in the same row. Update the
properties of the 4 buttons to the following:
button1: field name change to clearBtn, Text change to AC
button2: field name change to signBtn. Text change to +/-
button3: field name change to percentBtn.Text change to %
button4: field name change to divideBtn. Text change to /
Add the rest of the buttons, in total should have 5 rows and 4 columns populated with
buttons. You can now remove the Vertical Spacer .
Select the JPanel in the Component tree of the form view and update the field name property
to calculatorView . Clicking on the Calculator.java should now have the following fields
inserted:
Calculator.java
package com.javacodegeeks.example;
import javax.swing.*;
public class Calculator {
private JTextField resultsTxt;
private JButton clearBtn;
private JButton signBtn;
private JButton percentBtn;
private JButton divideBtn;
private JButton sevenBtn;
private JButton eightBtn;
private JButton nineBtn;
private JButton multiplyBtn;
private JButton fourBtn;
private JButton fiveBtn;
private JButton sixBtn;
private JButton minusBtn;
private JButton oneBtn;
private JButton twoBtn;
private JButton threeBtn;
private JButton addBtn;
private JButton zeroBtn;
private JButton equalBtn;
private JButton digitBtn;
private JPanel calculatorView;
}
4. Making the form functional
In order for the form to be functional it requires a runtime frame to be
created. We will create the main() method that will will be responsible for
creating and disposing the runtime frame.
In the code editor of Calculator.java file select -> Generate… -> Form main()
The following code gets generated:
Calculator.java main method
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Calculator");
frame.setContentPane(new Calculator().calculatorView);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
Now we create an enum for handling the different calculator operations. The
constructor of the enum takes in a function in this
case DoubleBinaryOperator (provided in Java 8) which represents an operation
on two double-valued operands that produces a double-valued result.
Operation.java
package com.javacodegeeks.example;
import java.util.function.DoubleBinaryOperator;
public enum Operation {
ADDITION((x, y) -> x+y),
SUBTRACTION((x, y) -> x-y),
DIVISION((x, y) -> x/y),
MULTIPLICATION((x, y) -> x*y),
PERCENTAGE((x, y) -> x%y);
private DoubleBinaryOperator operator;
Operation(DoubleBinaryOperator operator) {
this.operator = operator;
}
public DoubleBinaryOperator getOperator() {
return operator;
}
}
5. Putting everything together
Now we add action listeners that will be triggered when the buttons of the
calculator get clicked. We then bind the buttons to those action listeners.
Calculator.java
package com.javacodegeeks.example;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class Calculator {
private boolean control = false;
private JTextField resultsTxt;
private JButton clearBtn;
private JButton signBtn;
private JButton percentBtn;
private JButton divideBtn;
private JButton sevenBtn;
private JButton eightBtn;
private JButton nineBtn;
private JButton multiplyBtn;
private JButton fourBtn;
private JButton fiveBtn;
private JButton sixBtn;
private JButton minusBtn;
private JButton oneBtn;
private JButton twoBtn;
private JButton threeBtn;
private JButton addBtn;
private JButton zeroBtn;
private JButton equalBtn;
private JButton digitBtn;
private JPanel calculatorView;
private Double leftOperand;
private Double rightOperand;
private Operation calcOperation;
public Calculator() {
sevenBtn.addActionListener(new
NumberBtnClicked(sevenBtn.getText()));
eightBtn.addActionListener(new
NumberBtnClicked(eightBtn.getText()));
nineBtn.addActionListener(new NumberBtnClicked(nineBtn.getText()));
fourBtn.addActionListener(new NumberBtnClicked(fourBtn.getText()));
fiveBtn.addActionListener(new NumberBtnClicked(fiveBtn.getText()));
sixBtn.addActionListener(new NumberBtnClicked(sixBtn.getText()));
oneBtn.addActionListener(new NumberBtnClicked(oneBtn.getText()));
twoBtn.addActionListener(new NumberBtnClicked(twoBtn.getText()));
threeBtn.addActionListener(new
NumberBtnClicked(threeBtn.getText()));
zeroBtn.addActionListener(new NumberBtnClicked(zeroBtn.getText()));
percentBtn.addActionListener(new
OperationBtnClicked(Operation.PERCENTAGE));
multiplyBtn.addActionListener(new
OperationBtnClicked(Operation.MULTIPLICATION));
divideBtn.addActionListener(new
OperationBtnClicked(Operation.DIVISION));
minusBtn.addActionListener(new
OperationBtnClicked(Operation.SUBTRACTION));
addBtn.addActionListener(new
OperationBtnClicked(Operation.ADDITION));
equalBtn.addActionListener(new EqualBtnClicked());
clearBtn.addActionListener(new ClearBtnClicked());
signBtn.addActionListener(new SignBtnClicked());
digitBtn.addActionListener(new DigitBtnClicked());
}
private class NumberBtnClicked implements ActionListener {
private String value;
private String btnvalue;
public NumberBtnClicked(String btnvalue) {
this.btnvalue = btnvalue;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if(control == true){
resultsTxt.setText("");
control = false;
}
if(leftOperand == null || leftOperand == 0.0) {
value = resultsTxt.getText() + btnvalue;
//leftOperand = Double.valueOf(resultsTxt.getText());
}else{
value = resultsTxt.getText() + btnvalue;
rightOperand = Double.valueOf(value);
}
resultsTxt.setText(value);
}
}
private class OperationBtnClicked implements ActionListener {
private Operation operation;
public OperationBtnClicked(Operation operation) {
this.operation = operation;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
calcOperation = operation;
leftOperand = Double.valueOf(resultsTxt.getText());
control = true;
}
}
private class ClearBtnClicked implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
resultsTxt.setText("");
leftOperand = 0.0;
rightOperand = 0.0;
control = false;
}
}
private class DigitBtnClicked implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
resultsTxt.setText(resultsTxt.getText() + ".");
}
}
private class EqualBtnClicked implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Double output =
calcOperation.getOperator().applyAsDouble(leftOperand, rightOperand);
resultsTxt.setText(output%1==0?
String.valueOf(output.intValue()):String.valueOf(output));
leftOperand = 0.0;
rightOperand = 0.0;
control = true;
}
}
private class SignBtnClicked implements ActionListener {
private String value;
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (control == false) {
switch (resultsTxt.getText()) {
case "":
resultsTxt.setText("-");
break;
case "-":
resultsTxt.setText("");
break;
default: {
Double out = Double.valueOf(resultsTxt.getText());
if (out > 0.0) {
resultsTxt.setText("-" + resultsTxt.getText());
}
if (out < 0.0) {
out = -out;
resultsTxt.setText(out % 1 == 0 ?
String.valueOf(out.intValue()) : String.valueOf(out));
}
if (!(leftOperand == null || leftOperand == 0.0)) {
value = resultsTxt.getText();
rightOperand = Double.valueOf(value);
}
}
}
}
//when control is true
else {
resultsTxt.setText("-");
control = false;
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Calculator");
frame.setContentPane(new Calculator().calculatorView);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
6. Running your application
Right-click Calculator.java and select Run Calculator.main()
