Arrays of Objects
Parallel array solution:
rollNum= {6016, 6024, 6078};
midsemMarks = {61.7, 54 , 74.2 };
name = {"Abhishek Murthy", "Abhishek Singh",
"Ankit"};
In practice, parallel arrays are hard to maintain.
Better: define class STUDENT with attributes
- rollNum,
- marks,
- name,
and define arrays of the STUDENT object: Student[ ]
Also, may need to return more
than one parameter
• Want to identify both maximum marks, and
also who has this maximum marks
– Need to return two values from FindMax
– Or return index and find each record
• Better: use Student as object
Student Class: Attributes
public class Student
{
private String rollNum;
private String firstName;
private String midName;
private String lastName;
private int hostelNum;
private char wing;
private int roomNum;
private Date birthDate;
private Course[] courseList;
private char grade;
private double marks;
. . .
} see file: Student.java
Other Classes used by “Student”
Note:
private Date birthDate;
Requires class “Date”. This is defined in separate file Date.java
in the same directory.
Similarly
private Course[] courseList;
Requires the class “Course”, defined in Course.java.
These three files constitute a “package”.
If they are in the same directory, Java automatically recognizes
them as a package
Please save these files to the same directory and test:
Student.java
Course.java
Date.java
Student Class: Constructors
// Default constructor
public Student()
{
// initialise instance variables
birthDate = new Date();
courseList = new Course[MAX_COURSES];
}
/** Constructor with roll number */
public Student(String roll)
{
rollNum = roll;
birthDate = new Date();
courseList = new Course[MAX_COURSES];
}
Batch midsem marks: Highest
public static void main (String arg[]) // code as written in class
{
int[] rollNum= {6016, 6024, 6078};
double[] midsemMarks = {61.7, 54 , 74.2 };
String[] name = {"Abhishek Murthy", "Abhishek Singh", "Ankit Mukund"};
Student [] batch = new Student[3];
for (int i=0; i<batch.length; i++)
{
batch[i] = new Student();
batch[i].rollNum = "Y8"+rollNum[i];
batch[i].setNames(name[i]);
batch[i].marks = midsemMarks[i];
}
System.out.println (Arrays.toString(batch));
// this prints each record in the array using Student.toString()
double marksMax = batch[0].marks;
int index = 0;
for (int i=1; i<batch.length; i++)
{
if (batch[i].marks > marksMax)
{
index=i;
marksMax = batch[i].marks;
}
}
System.out.println ("HIGHEST MARKS:");
System.out.println (batch[index]);
}
Multidimensional Arrays
int[][] sqr = new int[5][5];
// this prints out the array
for (int r=0; r < sqr.length; r++) {
System.out.println(Arrays.toString( sqr[r]));
}
Note: Array elements get default values. E.g. numericals get zero.
Can also initialize multidim arrays:
int [] [] magicSquare = { {8, 1, 6} , {3, 5, 7}, {4, 9, 2} };
Non-uniform rows Arrays
int[][] tri;
tri = new int[5][];
for (int r=0; r < tri.length; r++)
{
tri[r] = new int[r+1];
// Allocate each row with differing size
}
for (int r=0; r<tri.length; r++)
{
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(tri[r]));
}
Pingala’s Triangle
What does this code do?
(nCr is the n choose r function you wrote some weeks back).
public static int[][] pingalasTri(int n)
{
int[][] tri = new int [n][];
for (int i = 0; i< n; i++)
{
tri[i] = new int[i+1];
for (int j = 0; j<i+1; j++)
{
tri[i][j] = nCr(i,j);
}
}
return tri;
}
See the File: Array2D.java
