HRSSSS
ASSIGNMENT 1
Class 11 - Biology
1. Expiration will take place when there is: [1]
A. Positive intrapulmonary pressure
B. Negative intrapulmonary pressure
C. Less pressure within lungs as compared to atmospheric pressure
a) (C) b) (A)
c) (B) and (C) d) (B)
2. Which of the following is the correct sum for total lung capacity? [1]
a) RV + TV + IRV b) ERV + TV + IRV
c) RV + ERV + TV + IRV d) TV + ERV
3. The principle of exchange of gases at the lungs is: [1]
a) Conditioning and facilitated transport b) Diffusion
c) Both diffusion and filtration d) Filtration
4. Respiration in insects is called direct because: [1]
a) Tracheal tubes exchange O2/CO2 directly b) The tissues exchange O2/ CO2 directly with
with the haemocoel which then exchange coelomic fluid.
with tissues.
c) The tissues exchange O2/ CO2 directly with d) The cell exchange O2/ CO2 directly with the
the air outside through the body surface. air in the tubes.
5. Which part of the respiratory tract functions as sound box? [1]
a) Larynx b) Bronchi
c) Trachea d) Pharynx
6. In breathing movements, air volume can be estimated by: [1]
a) Hygrometer b) Spirometer
c) Stethoscope d) Sphygmomanometer
7. How is negative pressure breathing helpful for mammals? [1]
8. Name the organs of respiration in the following organisms: [1]
i. Flatworm - ________
ii. Birds - ________
iii. Frog- ________
iv. Cockroach - ________
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9. Complete the missing terms. [1]
i. Inspiratory Capacity (IC) = ________ +IRV
ii. ________ = TV + ERV
iii. Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) = ERV + ________
10. During inspiration what is the relative pO2 in alveoli and in blood capillaries? [1]
11. Which muscles facilitate breathing? [1]
12. What is the site of gaseous exchange in an insect? [1]
13. A fluid filled double membranous layer surrounds the lungs. Name it and mention its important function. [1]
14. Compared to O2, diffusion rate of CO2 through the diffusion membrane per unit difference in partial pressure is [2]
much higher. Explain.
15. What happens to the respiratory process in a man going up a hill? [2]
16. Give the condition of the following muscles during expiration. [2]
i. Diaphragm muscles
ii. Internal intercostal muscles
17. Distinguish between Aquatic and Terrestrial respiration. [3]
18. Why is haemoglobin called conjugated protein? What happens to the molecule at a high and low partial pressure [3]
of oxygen?
19. What will be the pO2 and pCO2 in the atmospheric air compared to those in the alveolar air? [3]
i. pO2 lesser, pCO2 higher
ii. pO2 higher, pCO2 lesser
iii. pO2 higher, pCO2 higher
iv. pO2 lesser, pCO2 lesser
20. Explain the role of the diaphragm in rib cage inspiration and expiration in humans. [5]
21. What are the respiratory organs in fish? How exchanges of gases take place in them? [5]
22. Assertion (A): Aerobic respiration involves the exchange of respiratory gases twice. [1]
Reason (R): Exchange occurs from lung to heart and then heart to lung.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
23. Assertion (A): The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration is called vital [1]
capacity.
Reason (R): This includes ERV, TV, and IRV.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
24. Assertion (A): Inspiration is initiated by the contraction of the diaphragm which increases the volume of the [1]
thoracic chamber in the anteroposterior axis.
Reason (R): The contraction of external intercostal muscles lifts up the ribs and the sternum causing an increase
in the volume of the thoracic chamber in the dorsoventral axis.
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a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
25. Assertion (A): Vital capacity is higher in athletes than non - athletes. [1]
Reason (R): Vital capacity is about 3.5 - 4.5 litres in a normal adult person.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
26. Assertion (A): Forceful expiration occurs through expiratory muscles. [1]
Reason (R): Expiratory muscles expires quickly.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
27. State True or False: [3]
(a) Pleural fluid increases the friction on the lung surface. [1]
(b) When the diaphragm muscles contract it moves down towards the abdomen; this causes an increase in [1]
the volume of the thoracic cavity, but an increase in air pressure.
(c) In earthworm exchange of gases takes place through the moist cuticle on the body surface. [1]
Question No. 28 to 32 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]
Anaerobic respiration in muscle cell and yeast.
In man, anaerobic respiration occurs during heavy exercise. This results in oxygen deficiency. As a result, the muscles
do not get sufficient oxygen supply and pyruvic acid gets reduced to lactic acid. In yeast, anaerobic respiration occurs
when oxygen is not available. As a result, pyruvate gets converted to the ethanol.
28. The enzyme ________ reduces pyruvic acid to lactic acid.
a) alcohol dehydrogenase b) alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate
dehydrogenase
c) pyruvate dehydrogenase d) lactate dehydrogenase
OR
The following conclusion is drawn from the above paragraph:
I. Anaerobic respiration provides more energy.
II. Aerobic respiration provides more energy.
III. In aerobic respiration, organic food is completely oxidized.
IV. In anaerobic respiration, organic food is completely oxidized.
a) (II) and (III) are true b) only (I) is true
c) (I) and (IV) are true d) (I) and (III) are true
29. Pyruvic acid gets reduced to lactic acid by enzyme/ enzymes ________.
a) lactate dehydrogenase and pyruvate b) alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate
dehydrogenase dehydrogenase
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c) alcohol dehydrogenase d) pyruvate dehydrogenase
30. Anaerobic respiration in muscle cell produces lactic acid, rather than ________.
a) oxygen and water b) ethanol and water
c) carbon and water d) carbon dioxide and water
31. Anaerobic respiration in yeast is also called ________.
a) Kreb's cycle b) glycolysis
c) phosphorylation d) fermentation
32. The following conclusion is drawn from the graph given:
I. Anaerobic respiration provides more energy.
II. Aerobic respiration provides more energy.
III. In aerobic respiration, organic food is completely oxidized.
IV. In anaerobic respiration, organic food is completely oxidized.
a) (I) and (III) are true b) (II) and (III) are true
c) only (I) is true d) (I) and (IV) are true
Question No. 33 to 37 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]
Exchange of gases also occurs between blood and tissues. O2 and CO2 are exchanged in these sites by simple diffusion
mainly based on pressure/concentration gradient. The solubility of the gases, as well as the thickness of the membranes
involved in diffusion, are also some important factors that can affect the rate of diffusion.
33. Pressure contributed by an individual gas in a mixture of gases is called ________.
a) Differential pressure b) Capillary pressure
c) Partial pressure d) Atmospheric pressure
34. ________ are the primary sites of exchange of gases.
a) Bronchi b) Trachea
c) Alveoli d) Diaphragm
35. The diffusion membrane is made up of ________ major layers.
a) Three b) Two
c) Four d) Five
36. What are the values of pO2 and pCO2 in the body tissues?
a) pO2 - 95 mm Hg, pCO2 - 40 mm Hg b) pO2 - 40 mm Hg, pCO2 - 45 mm Hg
c) pO2 - 104 mm Hg, pCO2 - 40 mm Hg d) pO2 - 104 mm Hg, pCO2 - 140 mm Hg
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37. The following statements are drawn as conclusions for the image shown.
i. The given diagram represents the exchange of gases at the alveolus and the body tissues with blood and the transport
of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
ii. The amount of CO2 that can diffuse through the diffusion membrane per unit difference in partial pressure is much
lesser compared to that of O2.
iii. All the factors in our body are favourable for the diffusion of O2 from tissues to alveoli and that of CO2 from alveoli
to tissues.
iv. The total thickness of the diffusion membrane is much less than a millimetre.
Choose from below the correct alternative.
a) i and iii are true b) i and iv are true
c) iii and ii are true d) Only i is true
Question No. 38 to 41 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [4]
In human beings, the lungs are situated in the thoracic chamber which is formed dorsally by the vertebral column,
ventrally by the sternum, laterally by the ribs, and on the lower side by the dome-shaped diaphragm. The anatomical
setup of the lungs in the thorax is such that any change in the volume of the thoracic cavity will be reflected in the lung
(pulmonary) cavity. Such an arrangement is essential for breathing. Breathing involves two stages - inspiration and
expiration. During inspiration, the atmospheric air is drawn in and during expiration, the alveolar air is released out.
38. Observe the image mention conclusions for the image shown.
39. What happens to the ribs and diaphragm during exhalation?
40. What term is used for the volume of air inspired or expired during normal respiration?
41. What is residual volume with reference to breathing?
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