A

Internship Report On

“PYTHON FULL STACK”

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

In

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

By
ATLA SAI PRANATHI

218R1A0407

Submitted to
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
SAI RAJESWARI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated To J.N.T.U Anantapuramu)

PRODDATUR – 516 362

2024-25
 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
SAI RAJESWARI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated To J.N.T.A University, Anantapuramu ,PRODDATUR – 516 362

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Internship report entitled “PYTHON FULL STACK” is a
bonafide record submitted by ATLA SAI PRANATHI bearing Reg. No. 218R1A0407 in
Electronics and Communication Engineering for the academic year 2024-2025.

SENIOR FACULTY : HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

Mr. H RAGHUNATHA RAO M. Tech Dr. D SIVA M. Tech, Ph.D
Assistant Professor , Professor,

Dept.of ECE , Dept.of ECE,

SRIT SRIT
 ACKLOWLEDGEMENT
An Endeavour of a long period can be successful only with the advice of many well wishers. I take this
opportunity to express my deep gratitude and appreciation to all those who encouraged for successful
completion of the Internship work.

I would like to thank Director of EXCELR Company for giving me the opportunity to do an internship within

the organization.

I deeply express my heartily gratitude and thanks to Mr. H Raghunatha Rao ,Internship Co-
Ordinator and all the faculty members of E.C.E for their valuable guidance, enriching thoughts and profound
knowledge, which brought my internship work completion.

My Special thanks to Dr. D SIVA M.Tech,,Ph.D, Head of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Department, Sai Rajeswari Institute of Technology, Proddatur. During the progress of Internship work, for
his timely suggestions and help inspite of his busy schedule.

I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. PANDURANGAN RAVI Ph. D, Principal of Sai
Rajeswari Institute of Technology, Proddatur for his consistent help and encouragement to complete the Internship
work.

I am very much thankful to Sri. B VEERA KALYAN REDDY, Hon’ Secretary and Correspondent

of Sai Rajeswari Educational trust for their help in providing good facilities in our college

Finally, I wish to convey my gratitude and express sincere thanks to all I.R.C (Internship Review
Committee) members, friends and lab technicians, one and all who have helped to complete the Internship
work successful.

INTERNSHIP ASSOCIATE

ATLA SAI PRANATHI

218R1A0407
 ABSTRACT
Full Stack Python Development is a comprehensive approach to web development that involves both the
frontend and backend aspects of creating web applications.

Here's some information about abstract methods in Python and full stack Python development:

Abstract methods

To use an abstract method in Python, you create a subclass that inherits from the abstract class and

implements the abstract method. For example, you can use the @abstractmethod decorator to define

an abstract method.

Full stack Python development

Full stack Python developers are responsible for both the front-end and back-end components of web

applications. They use Python programming language, along with other technologies like HTML, CSS,
and JavaScript. They also use Python frameworks like Django or Flask for backend development.

Here are some other things to know about full stack Python development:

To become a full stack Python developer, you should learn Python basics, front-end and back-end

technologies, and database systems.

You should also understand version control and be familiar with cloud technologies.

You can take certification courses, prepare your resume, and network with professionals to learn about

industry updates and job opportunities.

Python developers can change their career path to other highly paid jobs, such as Machine Learning

Engineer, Data Scientist/Data Analyst, Big Data Engineer, and DevOps engineer.
 INDEX

S No Title Page No
ABSTRACT
Learning Objectives/Internship Objectives

WEEKLY OVERVIEW OF INTERNSHIP ACTIVITIES

CHAPTER-1
1 Introduction to Python full stack 1
CHAPTER-2
2 Python basics 2-7
CHAPTER-3
3 Conditional statements and Loops 3 -13
CHAPTER-4
4 Working object oriented programming (OOPS) 14
CHAPTER-5
5 Full stack web development 15

CHAPTER-6
6 Front end developer 16-17
CHAPTER-7

7 HTML 18-21
CHAPTER-8
8 CSS 22-25
CHAPTER-9
9 JavaScript 26-29

CHAPTER-10
10 Back-end developer 30-31
Conclusion and References
11 Interfacing DHT11 with ESP8266 NodeMCU 20-23
Using Web Server
CHAPTER-12

12 Introduction to Raspberry Pi 24-25

CHAPTER-13 0
13 Setting up Raspberry Pi 26-27
CHAPTER-14
14 MQTT and Mosquito 28
15 Conclusion 29
16 Reference 30
 PYTHON FULL STACK

CHAPTER – 1

Introduction to Python full stack

Fig1: python full stack

Full stack programming is the process of developing both the front-end and
back-end of an application. The front-end is the user-facing part of the
application, while the back-end is the database and logic component.

Learning a programming language to become a full-stack Python

developer is essential for backend coding, and we will know Python
for that. This section of the Python curriculum will give you a brief
knowledge of the language and its difference from R, where you can
implement these concepts, an understanding of Python IDEs, and the
process of downloading and setting up the Python environment.

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CHAPTER –2
Python Basics

Fig 2: python Application image

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Syntax:

print("Hello, World!")

Example :

print('Hello, world!')

Output:

Hello, world!

Python Basic Syntax and Data Types

After setting up the Python environment on PCs or MACs, you need

to understand how to code. This section covers the concepts of
different input and output operations, variables, basic data types, and
typecasting. Every variable you use in the programming is used to
store data of varied types, and each of them performs different
functions. You will learn each of these data types used in Python and
how to cast them from one type to another.

• Python input and output operations

• Comments

• Variables, rules for naming variables

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• Basic data types in Python

• Typecasting in Python

Operators in Python

Learning operators in Python helps you instruct the machine to

perform operations like additions, comparisons, etc., on variables and
values. Each operator in Python performs different operations, and
you will learn them in-depth from this section.

• Arithmetic operators

• Assignment operators

• Comparison operators

• Logical operators

• Identity operators

• Membership operators

• Bitwise operators

Strings

Python Strings comprises a collection of alphabets, words or

characters surrounded by single or double quotes. Here, you will learn

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how to create strings in Python, understand indexing and string

slicing, and string formatting.

• Creating strings

• String formatting

• Indexing

• Slicing

• String methods

Tuples

Tuples are built-in Python data typ es that are used to store collections
of data in a single variable. Tuple elements are written within rounded
brackets that maintain order, are unchangeable

, and allow duplicate values. In this part of the module, you will learn
the basic concepts of tuples, including their syntax, properties,
indexing and slicing, and tuple methods.

• Syntax to create tuples

• Tuple properties

• Indexing on tuples

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• Slicing on tuples

• Tuple methods

Lists

Another popular Python built-in data type is Lists that can store
multiple items in one variable like Tuples, but are written within
square brackets. These items follow an order, are changeable, and
allow duplicate values. You will learn how to create a list, perform
various functions like adding and removing items from lists, indexing
and slicing, and gain knowledge of list methods and creating lists of
lists.

• Creating lists

• Properties of lists

• List indexing

• List slicing

• List of lists

• List methods

• Adding, updating, & removing elements from lists

Sets

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Sets, like tuples and lists, store multiple items in a single variable and
are written within curly brackets. Set items are unordered; you cannot
make changes to a set once created and are unindexed. This section
of the course will teach you the syntax for creating sets, performing
different operations and set methods, and how to update sets. By the
end of the module, you will learn the difference between sets, tuples,
and lists.

• The syntax for creating sets

• Updating sets

• Set operations and methods

• Difference between sets, lists, and tuples

Dictionaries

This is the last category of built-in data types in Python that stores
values in key : value pairs and are written within curly brackets.
Dictionary items maintain an order, do not allow duplicate values, and
you can make changes to the dictionary. You will learn the syntax for
creating dictionaries, how to store and access data, and how to know
dictionary methods.

• The syntax for creating dictionaries

• Storing data in dictionaries

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CHAPTER – 3

Python conditional statements

While creating Python programs, you need to put some conditions in

place and perform a function when the condition is met. You will learn
how to set a logic with conditional statements and use if, if-else, and
if-Elif-else statements to execute different conditions.

• Setting logic with conditional statements

• If statements

• If-else statements

• If-elif-else statements

Loops in Python

Loops in Python are similar to conditional statements, where you can

execute repeated statements until a specific condition is met. Python
uses mainly while and for loops, which you will learn from this
section, along with the use of break, continue, and pass statements.

• Iterating with Python loops

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• While loop

• For loop

• Range

• Break

• Continue

• Pass

• Enumerate

• Zip

Getting Started with Hacker Rank use cases and working

on them

Our trainers will assist you in solving Hacker Rank quizzes

and assignments so that you can easily crack exams and win
bronze and silver-level badges. Hacker rank certificates will
help you land good jobs globally.

• Solving level by level challenges

• Assignments to acquire bronze and silver level badges

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List and Dictionaries comprehension

This part of the course discusses list and dictionaries

compression that helps you produce simple and easy-to-
understand codes, but only when you use them properly. You
will learn the syntax of list comprehension and dicot
comprehension effectively in a Python program.

• Why List comprehension

• The syntax for list comprehension

• The syntax for dict comprehension

Functions

Functions in a Python program are collections or blocks of

code that are executed only when you call them and return
data as a result. You will learn about functions, how to create
and call functions, pass arguments, and various other
concepts essential for programming.

• What are functions

• Modularity and code reusability

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• Creating functions

• Calling functions

• Passing arguments

• Positional arguments

• Keyword arguments

• Variable-length arguments (*args)

• Variable keyword length arguments (**kargs)

• Return keyword in Python

• Passing function as an argument

• Passing function in return

• Global and local variables

• Recursion

Anonymous function

Anonymous function doesn’t have names and can be invoked

immediately or stored in a variable. These functions are

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known as Lambda functions, and you will learn about them

in depth during this part of the course.

• Lambda

• Lambda with filter

• Lambda with map

• Lambda with reduce

Generators

Generators allow you to declare a function that acts like an

iterator. This part of the course will teach you how to create
and use generators in Python programming.

• Creating and using generators

Modules

Modules are like code libraries that contain Python

definitions and statements. You will learn how to create
modules, import functions or variables from other modules,
and learn various in-built Python modules.

• Creating modules

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• Importing functions from a different module

• Importing variables from different modules

• Python built-in modules

17. Exceptions and Error Handling

Your Python programs can encounter multiple errors during

execution that restrict proper execution or generate an error
message. Therefore, you must understand how to handle
errors and exceptions. This section will teach you different
types of errors and the process of handling them using try,
except and block, along with handling syntax and logical
errors.

• Syntax errors

• Logical errors

• Handling errors using try, except and finally

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Chapter – 4
Working on Object Oriented Programming
(Classes and Objects (OOPs)
Python programming is object-oriented, and therefore, you need to know
about objects and how to create them. This segment covers the core of object-
oriented programming in Python, from encapsulation to inheritance, abstract
classes, understanding of different methods, overriding, using the super()
function, and operator overloading.
• Creating classes & objects
• Attributes and methods
• Inheritance
• Creating child and parent class
• Overriding parent methods
• Single inheritance
• Multiple inheritance
• Multilevel inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Operator overloading

Fig 3 : OOPS IMAGE

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Chapter - 5

Full Stack Web Developer

Fig 4: Full Stack Web Developer

A full stack web developer is a person who can develop both client and server
software.
In addition to mastering HTML and CSS, he/she also knows how to:
• Program a browser (like using JavaScript)
• Program a server (like using PHP, ASP, Python, or Node)
• Program a database (like using SQL, SQLite, MongoDB)

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CHAPTER – 6

Front-End Developer

Fig 5: front end developer

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Front-end web development, also known as client-side development

is the practice of producing HTML, CSS and JavaScript for a website
or Web Application so that a user can see and interact with them
directly. The challenge associated with front end development is that
the tools and techniques used to create the front end of a website
change constantly and so the developer needs to constantly be aware
of how the field is developing.

The objective of designing a site is to ensure that when the users open
up the site they see the information in a format that is easy to read and
relevant. This is further complicated by the fact that users now use a
large variety of devices with varying screen sizes and resolutions thus
forcing the designer to take into consideration these aspects when
designing the site. They need to ensure that their site comes up
correctly in different browsers (cross-browser), different operating
systems (cross platform) and different devices (cross-device), which
requires careful planning on the side of the developer.

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CHAPTER – 7
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

Fig 6: HTML
It the standard markup language for documents designed to be
displayed in a web browser. It can be assisted by technologies such as
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and scripting languages such as
JavaScript.

Web browsers receive HTML documents from a web server or from

local storage and render the documents into multimedia web pages.

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HTML describes the structure of a web page semantically and

originally included cues for the appearance of the document.

HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages. With HTML
constructs, images and other objects such as interactive forms may be
embedded into the rendered page. HTML provides a means to create
structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such
as headings,

To develop the front end of your application, you need to learn

HTML. This section of the course will cover the basic concepts of
HTML, including building a basic web page structure, formatting
page content, creating lists and links, and controlling styling.

• Introduction

• Basic page structure

• Formatting page content

• Creating lists

• Structuring content

• Creating links

• Controlling styling

• Basic Scripting

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paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and other items. HTML elements are
delineated by tags, written

using angle brackets. Tags <imG <input

such as directly introduce /> and />
content into the

page. <p> surround and provide information

Other about document text and may
tags such
as

include other tags as sub-elements. Browsers do not display the HTML

tags, but use them to

interpret the content of the page.

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Syntax
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Page Title</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>This is a Heading</h1>

<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

</body> </html>

Example :

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CHAPTER – 8

CSS

Fig 7: CSS

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for

describing the presentation of a document written in a markup

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language such as HTML.[1] CSS is a cornerstone technology of the

World Wide Web, alongside HTML and JavaScript.[2]

CSS is designed to enable the separation of presentation and content,

including layout, colours, and fonts.[3] This separation can improve
content accessibility, provide more flexibility and control in the
specification of presentation characteristics, enable multiple to share
formatting by specifying the relevant CSS in a separate .CSS file
which reduces complexity and repetition in the structural content as
well as enabling the .CSS file to be to improve the page load speed
between the pages that share the file and its formatting.

This section of CSS comprises a few basic concepts required for

styling your web application, including typography, layouts, file
handling with flask, and so on.

• Typography

• Layouts

• Login system with flask, Server-side sessions

• CSS

• Files handling with Flask

• Advanced layout

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Syntax

body {

background-colour: light-blue;

h1 { colour: white; text-align: centre;

} p{

font-family: Verdana; font-size: 20px;

Example :

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Chapter -9

JavaScript

Fig 8: JavaScript

JavaScript is a MUST for students and working professionals to

become a great Software Engineer specially when they are working
in Web Development Domain. I will list down some of the key
advantages of learning JavaScript:

• JavaScript is the most popular programming language in

the world and that makes it a programmer’s great choice. Once
you learnt JavaScript, it helps you developing great front-end as

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well as back-end software using different JavaScript based

frameworks like jQuery, Node.JS etc.
• JavaScript is everywhere, it comes installed on every
modern web browser and so to learn JavaScript you really do
not need any special environment setup. For example Chrome,
Mozilla Firefox, Safari and every browser you know as of
today, supports JavaScript.

• JavaScript usage has now extended to mobile app

development, desktop app development, and game
development. This opens many opportunities for you as
JavaScript Programmer.

• Due to high demand, there is tons of job growth and high

pay for those who know JavaScript. You can navigate over to
different job sites to see what having JavaScript skills looks like
in the job market.

• Great thing about JavaScript is that you will find tons of

frameworks and Libraries already developed which can be used
directly in your software development to reduce your time to
market.

After HTML and CSS, full-stack developers need to focus on

JavaScript to build dynamic and interactive web applications

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and software. This section of the course introduces you to the

basic JavaScript concepts required for a full stack developer,
including how to write JavaScript, knowledge of array, control
flow, functions, loops, etc.

• Introduction

• Basics

• Writing JavaScript

• Custom DevBlog Application

• Control flow

• Arrays

• Loops and Iteration

• Functions

• Essential JavaScript Built-in methods

• Writing JavaScript Advanced

• JavaScript and the DOM

• Es6 Concepts

• Deployment in Cloud

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Syntax:

Alert (“hello world”);

Prompt (” enter something”)

Example:

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CHAPTER – 10

BACK END DEVELOPER

A back-end web developer is responsible for server-side web application logic

and integration of the work front-end web developers do. Back-end developers

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usually write web services and APIs used by front-end developers and mobile
application developers.

Writing a good job description and a job ad for a back-end developer requires
proper separation of concerns. Posting a generic web developer description in
your job ad, when you are looking for an advanced back-end web developer,
will bring numerous applications from people who are specialized in building
front-end user interface, or web designers who have absolutely no knowledge
about programming.

There are technologies and knowledge that are common to all web developers,
and some that are specific to back-end developers. This article will provide you
with a sample back-end web developer job description that will help you write
a perfect job ad and assure that you easily find and hire the person that matches
your specific criteria.

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Internship output:

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CONCLUSION

I believe the trial has shown conclusively that it is both possible and
desirable to use Python as the principal teaching language:

• It is trivial to install on a Windows PC allowing students to

take their interest further. For many the hurdle of installing a
Pascal or C compiler on a Windows machine is either too
expensive or too complicated;
• It is a flexible tool that allows both the teaching of traditional
procedural programming and modern OOP; It can be used to
teach a large number of transferable skills;
• It is a real-world programming language that can be and is used
in academia and the commercial world;
• It appears to be quicker to learn and, in combination with its
many libraries, this offers the possibility of more rapid student
development allowing the course to be made more challenging
and varied and most importantly, its clean syntax offers
increased understanding and enjoyment for students

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References :

[1] Django homepage. http://www.djangoproject.com/.

[2] Python documentation. http://www.python.org/doc.

[3] Django (web framework). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Django.

[4] Django documentation. http://docs.djangoproject.com.

[5] The Perl programming language. http://www.perl.org/.

[6] Ruby programming language. http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/.

[7] Python (programming language).

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python

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CERTIFICATE

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