Next Item Function Implementation
Given a sequence of items and a specific item in that sequence, return the item immediately
following the item specified. If the item occurs more than once in a sequence, return the item
after the first occurence. This should work for a sequence of any type.
When the item isn't present or nothing follows it, the function should return nil in Clojure and
Elixir, Nothing in Haskell, undefined in JavaScript, None in Python.
next_item([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], 3) # => 4
next_item(['Joe', 'Bob', 'Sally'], 'Bob') # => "Sally"
Here’s how you can implement the `next_item` function in various programming languages as
described:
Python
python
def next_item(seq, item):
try:
idx = seq.index(item)
return seq[idx + 1] if idx + 1 < len(seq) else None
except ValueError:
return None
# Examples
print(next_item([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], 3)) # => 4
print(next_item(['Joe', 'Bob', 'Sally'], 'Bob')) # => 'Sally'
JavaScript
javascript
function next_item(seq, item) {
const idx = seq.indexOf(item);
return (idx !== -1 && idx + 1 < seq.length) ? seq[idx + 1] : undefined;
}
// Examples
console.log(next_item([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], 3)); // => 4
console.log(next_item(['Joe', 'Bob', 'Sally'], 'Bob')); // => 'Sally'
Clojure
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clojure
(defn next-item [seq item]
(let [idx (.indexOf seq item)]
(if (and (not= idx -1) (< (inc idx) (count seq)))
(nth seq (inc idx))
nil)))
;; Examples
(next-item [1 2 3 4 5 6 7] 3) ;; => 4
(next-item ["Joe" "Bob" "Sally"] "Bob") ;; => "Sally"
Elixir
elixir
defmodule Sequence do
def next_item(seq, item) do
case Enum.find_index(seq, fn x -> x == item end) do
nil -> nil
idx -> Enum.at(seq, idx + 1, nil)
end
end
end
# Examples
IO.inspect Sequence.next_item([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], 3) # => 4
IO.inspect Sequence.next_item(["Joe", "Bob", "Sally"], "Bob") # => "Sally"
Haskell
haskell
nextItem :: Eq a => [a] -> a -> Maybe a
nextItem xs item =
case dropWhile (/= item) xs of
(_:x:_) -> Just x
_ -> Nothing
-- Examples
-- nextItem [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7] 3 -- => Just 4
-- nextItem ["Joe", "Bob", "Sally"] "Bob" -- => Just "Sally"
Each function checks if the item is in the sequence and retrieves the item after its first occurrence. If
the item isn't present or is the last in the sequence, it returns `nil`, `None`, `undefined`, or `Nothing`
as per the language's behavior.
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