CONTACT PORTFOLIO SKILLS ABOUT HOME
SURAJ.N
MY NAME IS
HELLO!
CONTACT PORTFOLIO SKILLS ABOUT HOME
THIS IS
ABOUT
ZEN TREE LABS
HOME
EXAM PATTERN
ABOUT
C,PYHTON 95%
SKILLS
DBMS,SQL 87%
PORTFOLIO
REASONONG 77%
CONTACT
APPITUDE 82%
INTERVIEW
INTERVIEW SKILLS ABOUT HOME
QUESTIONS
1
HR
2
TR
3
CODE
WRITING
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Question 1
SKILLS
What is a Self Introduction?
The key parts of a self-introduction include:
PORTFOLIO
· Your name
· Where you are from
· Your job/role or area of study
· Work experience or education/training
· Personal interests or hobbies
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
· Any other relevant details about yourself
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
Sample
ABOUT
Hello Sir/Mam.
SKILLS
Good Morning.
I’m ________ from ______.
I have done my degree in Bachelors from Information Systems and Management University of Madras in 2024.
PORTFOLIO
We are 5 members in my family including me.
My father who’s name is _____ works as a _____.
My mother who’s name is _____ was a housewife.
Both my sister and brother was working in ______________________.
My strength is I'm a self-motivated and hardworking person.
My weakness is I'm an emotional person and I can feel comfortable and relaxed until I finish my work.
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
My hobby is travelling and listening to music.
That's all.
Thank you.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
what is Break and Continue Statements ?
Break Statement
SKILLS
The break statement is used to terminate the loop prematurely. When the break
statement is encountered, the loop stops executing immediately, and the control is
PORTFOLIO
transferred to the statement immediately following the loop.
for i in range(10):
if i == 5
break # Terminates the loop when i is 5
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
print(i)
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
what is Break and Continue Statements ?
Continue Statement
SKILLS
The continue statement is used to skip the current iteration of the loop and move to
the next iteration. When the continue statement is encountered, the rest of the code
inside the loop is skipped for the current iteration, and the loop proceeds with the
PORTFOLIO
next iteration.
for i in range(10):
if i % 2 == 0
continue # Skips the rest of the code inside the loop for even numbers
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
print(i)
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
what is Default calss ?
In object-oriented programming, a "default class" isn't a standard term with a
universally agreed-upon definition. A "default class" might refer to a class with a
SKILLS
default constructor. A default constructor is a constructor that takes no arguments
and initializes the object with default values. If no constructor is explicitly defined in
a class, many programming languages automatically provide a default constructor.
PORTFOLIO
class DefaultClass:
def __init__(self):
self.value = 0
# Creating an instance of DefaultClass
obj = DefaultClass()
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
print(obj.value) # Output: 0
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
what is Dangling pointer?
When a pointer is pointing to non-existing memory location is called
SKILLS
dangling pointer
A dangling pointer is a pointer that points to a memory location that
PORTFOLIO
has been freed or deallocated. It can cause undefined behavior and
various program errors. To avoid dangling pointers, set pointers to null
after freeing memory, use smart pointers, and avoid returning
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
addresses of local variables.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
Difference between union and
ABOUT
structure ?
Feature Structure Union
SKILLS
Memory Separate memory for each
Shared memory among all members
Allocation member
PORTFOLIO
Sum of the sizes of all members
Size Size of the largest member
(plus padding)
Can hold multiple members' Can hold only one member's value at a
Usage
values simultaneously time
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Each member can be accessed Modifying one member affects all
Member Access
and modified independently members due to shared memory
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
what is Array?
ABOUT
An array is a data structure that can store a fixed-size sequence of elements of the same type.
Arrays are commonly used in programming to organize and manage collections of data efficiently.
SKILLS
Characteristics of Arrays
Fixed Size: The size of an array is defined when it is created and cannot be changed. This means
PORTFOLIO
the number of elements the array can hold is fixed.
Homogeneous Elements: All elements in an array are of the same type, such as integers, floats,
characters, or objects.
Contiguous Memory Allocation: The elements of an array are stored in contiguous memory
locations, which allows efficient access using an index.
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Indexing: Elements in an array are accessed using an index, which typically starts at 0 (zero-based
indexing).
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
what is Function?
A function is a reusable block of code designed to perform a specific task. Functions help organize
code, reduce redundancy, and improve readability and maintainability.
SKILLS
Components of a Function
Function Name: A unique identifier for the function, used to call the function.
PORTFOLIO
Parameters (or Arguments): Variables passed to the function to provide input. These are optional
and can be zero or more.
Return Type: The data type of the value that the function returns. Some functions do not return a
value, in which case the return type might be void (in languages like C/C++).
Function Body: The block of code that defines what the function does, enclosed in braces {} (in
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
C/C++) or by indentation (in Python).
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
Program to print reverse of a number?
ABOUT
def reverse_number(num):
SKILLS
reversed_num = 0
while num > 0
remainder = num % 10
reversed_num = (reversed_num * 10 + remainder
PORTFOLIO
num = num // 10
return reversed_num
number = int(input("Enter an integer: "))
if number < 0
reversed_number = -reverse_number(-number)
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
else:
reversed_number = reverse_number(number)
print("Reversed number:", reversed_number)
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Types of Pointer?
SKILLS
Null Pointer: Points to no memory location.
Void Pointer: Can point to any data type.
PORTFOLIO
Dangling Pointer: Points to freed memory.
Wild Pointer: Uninitialized pointer.
Near, Far, Huge Pointers: Used in 16-bit systems.
Function Pointer: Points to a function.
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Smart Pointer (C++): Manages object lifetime automatically.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Null Pointer:
SKILLS
A null pointer is a pointer that does not point to any memory location. It is often used
to indicate that the pointer is not initialized or does not refer to a valid object.
PORTFOLIO
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int *ptr = NULL; // Null pointer
if (ptr == NULL {
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
printf("The pointer is null.\n");
}}
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Void Pointer Generic Pointer):
A void pointer is a pointer that can point to any data type. It is a generic pointer that
SKILLS
can be typecast to any other type of pointer.
#include <stdio.h>
PORTFOLIO
int main() {
int a = 10;
void *ptr = &a; // Void pointer pointing to an integer
printf("Value of a: %d\n", *(int *)ptr); // Typecasting to int pointer to
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
dereference
}
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Dangling Pointer :
A dangling pointer is a pointer that points to a memory location that has been freed
SKILLS
or deallocated. Using a dangling pointer can lead to undefined behavior.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
PORTFOLIO
int main() {
int *ptr = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int));
*ptr = 10;
QUESTIONS
free(ptr); // Memory deallocated
INTERVIEW
ptr = NULL; // Avoid dangling pointer
}
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Wild Pointer
SKILLS
A wild pointer is a pointer that has not been initialized to a valid memory address.
Using a wild pointer can lead to unpredictable behavior.
PORTFOLIO
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int *ptr; // Wild pointer (uninitialized)
ptr = NULL; // Properly initialize to avoid wild pointer issues
}
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Near, Far, and Huge Pointers
SKILLS
These pointers are specific to DOS-based systems 16-bit systems). They are used
to address memory beyond the default 64KB segment.
Near Pointer: 16-bit pointer, can address memory within a 64KB segment.
PORTFOLIO
Far Pointer: 32-bit pointer, can address memory beyond a single 64KB segment.
Huge Pointer: 32-bit pointer, similar to far pointers but can be normalized to point to
any memory location within the address space.
These types are mostly obsolete and not used in modern programming
QUESTIONS
environments
INTERVIEW
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Function Pointer
A function pointer is a pointer that points to a function. It is used to store the address
SKILLS
of a function and call it indirectly.
#include <stdio.h>
void hello() {
PORTFOLIO
printf("Hello, World!\n");
}
int main() {
void (*funcPtr)() = hello; // Function pointer pointing to hello()
QUESTIONS
funcPtr(); // Calling the function using the pointer
INTERVIEW
}
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Null Pointer
A null pointer is a pointer that points to nothing. It is often used to indicate that a
SKILLS
pointer is not initialized or does not point to a valid object.
#include <stdio.h>
PORTFOLIO
int main() {
int *ptr = NULL; // Null pointer
if (ptr == NULL {
QUESTIONS
printf("The pointer is null.\n");
INTERVIEW
}}
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
SKILLS
Malloc Syntax ?
malloc is a function in C that dynamically allocates memory on the heap.
void* malloc(size_t size);
PORTFOLIO
malloc returns a void* pointer, which can be cast to any type of pointer.
If malloc fails to allocate memory, it returns NULL.
It's a good practice to check the return value of malloc to ensure that the allocation
was successful.
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
What is a string ?
ABOUT
A string is a sequence of characters, such as letters, digits, or symbols, that are
used to represent text-based data. Strings are a fundamental data type in
programming languages and are used to store and manipulate text, words, phrases,
SKILLS
sentences, or even entire documents.
Characteristics of Strings:
PORTFOLIO
Sequence of characters: A string is a collection of characters, which can be letters,
digits, symbols, or whitespace characters.
Ordered: The characters in a string are arranged in a specific order, which is
important for understanding the meaning of the text.
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Immutable: In many programming languages, strings are immutable, meaning their
contents cannot be changed once they are created.
Variable length: Strings can have any length, from a single character to thousands of
characters.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Types of Strings:
Literal strings: These are strings that are defined directly in the code, such as
"hello" or 'hello'.
SKILLS
Dynamic strings: These are strings that are created at runtime, such as user input or
data read from a file.
Unicode strings: These are strings that use Unicode characters, which can
PORTFOLIO
represent a wide range of languages and symbols.
Operations on Strings:
Concatenation: Combining two or more strings to create a new string.
Substrings: Extracting a portion of a string, such as a word or phrase.
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Searching: Finding a specific character or substring within a string.
Manipulation: Modifying a string, such as converting to uppercase or lowercase,
trimming whitespace, or replacing characters.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
What are Built in functions ?
ABOUT
Built-in functions are pre-defined functions that are already available in the language's
standard library or runtime environment. These functions are part of the language
itself and can be used directly in your code without requiring any additional imports or
SKILLS
definitions.
Characteristics of Built-in Functions:
PORTFOLIO
Pre-defined: Built-in functions are already defined in the language's standard library
or runtime environment.
Ready to use: You can use built-in functions directly in your code without needing to
define them yourself.
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Part of the language: Built-in functions are an integral part of the language and are
often optimized for performance and efficiency.
Wide range of functionality: Built-in functions cover a wide range of tasks, from basic
arithmetic operations to advanced data processing and manipulation.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Program in Fibonacci series :
SKILLS
def fibonacci(n):
a, b = 0, 1
result = []
for i in range(n):
PORTFOLIO
result.append(a)
a, b = b, a + b
return result
QUESTIONS
n = int(input("Enter the number of terms: "))
INTERVIEW
print(fibonacci(n))
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Applications of Pointers
SKILLS
Dynamic Memory Allocation
Pointers are used to dynamically allocate memory at runtime, which is essential for
PORTFOLIO
efficient memory management. This is particularly useful in applications that require
flexible memory allocation, such as:
Database management systems
Compilers
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Interpreters
Virtual machines
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
Applications of Pointers
ABOUT
Data Structures :
SKILLS
Pointers are used to implement complex data structures like:
Linked lists
Trees
PORTFOLIO
Graphs
Stacks
Queues
These data structures are crucial in many applications, including:
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Database indexing
File systems
Compilers
Web browsers
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Applications of Pointers
SKILLS
Object-Oriented Programming
Pointers are used to implement object-oriented programming OOP) concepts like:
Inheritance
PORTFOLIO
Polymorphism
Encapsulation
OOP is widely used in:
Operating systems
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Web applications
Mobile apps
Games
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Applications of Pointers
SKILLS
System Programming
PORTFOLIO
Pointers are used extensively in system programming to:
Manage system resources (e.g., process management, memory management)
Implement device drivers
Develop operating system kernels
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Create system utilities (e.g., file managers, text editors)
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Applications of Pointers
SKILLS
Embedded Systems
PORTFOLIO
Pointers are used in embedded systems to:
Manage limited resources (e.g., memory, processing power)
Implement real-time systems
Develop firmware for microcontrollers
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Create embedded operating systems
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Applications of Pointers
SKILLS
Graphics and Game Development
PORTFOLIO
Pointers are used in graphics and game development to:
Manage graphics memory
Implement 3D graphics rendering
Develop game engines
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Create physics engines
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Applications of Pointers
SKILLS
Scientific Computing
PORTFOLIO
Pointers are used in scientific computing to:
Manage large datasets
Implement numerical methods (e.g., linear algebra, differential equations)
Develop scientific simulations (e.g., weather forecasting, fluid dynamics)
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Create data analysis tools
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Applications of Pointers
SKILLS
Network Programming
PORTFOLIO
Pointers are used in network programming to:
Manage network resources (e.g., sockets, buffers)
Implement network protocols (e.g., TCP/IP, HTTP
Develop network servers and clients
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Create network security tools
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Applications of Pointers
SKILLS
Database Systems
PORTFOLIO
Pointers are used in database systems to:
Manage database storage
Implement query optimization
Develop database indexing
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Create database caching mechanisms
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Diffreance Call by Value Call by Reference
A copy of the original value A reference to the original value is
Argument passing
SKILLS
is passed passed
Changes made to the
Changes made to the argument
PORTFOLIO
Modification argument do not affect the
affect the original value
original value
A new memory location is The original memory location is
Memory
created for the argument used
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Performance Slower due to copy creation Faster since no copy is created
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Applications of Pointers
SKILLS
Database Systems
PORTFOLIO
Pointers are used in database systems to:
Manage database storage
Implement query optimization
Develop database indexing
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Create database caching mechanisms
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
WAP on factorial of a number
def factorial(n):
SKILLS
result = 1
for i in range(1, n + 1
PORTFOLIO
result *= i
return result
QUESTIONS
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
INTERVIEW
print("Factorial of", num, "is", factorial(num))
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
ADVANTAGES OF ARRAYS
Efficient Memory Usage: Arrays store elements in contiguous memory locations,
which makes them efficient in terms of memory usage.
SKILLS
Fast Access: Arrays allow for fast access to elements using an index, which makes
them suitable for applications that require frequent access to data.
Easy to Implement: Arrays are easy to implement and understand, making them a
popular choice for many programming tasks.
PORTFOLIO
Flexible: Arrays can store elements of different data types, including integers, floats,
characters, and strings.
Scalable: Arrays can be easily resized to accommodate growing or shrinking data
sets.
Improved Code Readability: Arrays can make code more readable by allowing
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
developers to work with collections of data in a concise and expressive way.
Reduced Code Duplication: Arrays can reduce code duplication by allowing
developers to perform operations on entire collections of data at once.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ADVANTAGES OF ARRAYS
ABOUT
Improved Performance: Arrays can improve performance by reducing the number of
iterations required to process data.
Cache-Friendly: Arrays are cache-friendly, which means that they can take advantage
SKILLS
of the CPU's cache to improve performance.
Multi-Dimensional: Arrays can be multi-dimensional, which allows developers to work
with complex data structures such as matrices and tensors.
Easy to Sort and Search: Arrays can be easily sorted and searched using various
PORTFOLIO
algorithms, making them suitable for applications that require data processing and
analysis.
Thread-Safe: Arrays can be thread-safe, which makes them suitable for
multi-threaded applications.
Platform-Independent: Arrays are platform-independent, which means that they can
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
be used on different operating systems and architectures.
Language-Agnostic: Arrays are language-agnostic, which means that they can be
used in different programming languages.
Improved Data Integrity: Arrays can improve data integrity by allowing developers to
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
WHAT ARE STORAGE CLASSES
A storage class is a way to specify the storage duration and scope of a variable or
SKILLS
object. It determines how long a variable or object remains in memory and where it is
stored. Storage classes are used to manage memory allocation and deallocation, and
they can affect the behavior of a program.
PORTFOLIO
Auto:
Storage duration: Automatic
Scope: Local to the block
Memory allocation: Stack
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Lifetime: Until the block is exited
Variables declared with the auto storage class are allocated on the stack and are
automatically deallocated when the block is exited.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
Register: Storage duration: Automatic
ABOUT
Scope: Local to the block
Memory allocation: Register (if possible)
Lifetime: Until the block is exited
SKILLS
Variables declared with the register storage class are similar to auto
variables, but the compiler tries to allocate them in a register instead of
the stack.
PORTFOLIO
Static: Storage duration: Static
Scope: Local to the block (but retains its value between function calls)
Memory allocation: Data segment
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Lifetime: Until the program terminates
Variables declared with the static storage class are allocated in the data
segment and retain their values between function calls.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
Extern
ABOUT
Storage duration: Static
Scope: Global
Memory allocation: Data segment
SKILLS
Lifetime: Until the program terminates
Variables declared with the extern storage class are allocated in the
data segment and are accessible from any part of the program.
PORTFOLIO
Mutable
Storage duration: Automatic
Scope: Local to the block
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Memory allocation: Stack
Lifetime: Until the block is exited
Variables declared with the mutable storage class are similar to auto
variables, but they can be modified even if they are declared as const.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Thread_local C11 Storage duration: Thread
Scope: Local to the thread
Memory allocation: Thread-local storage
SKILLS
Lifetime: Until the thread terminates
Variables declared with the thread_local storage class are allocated in thread-local storage and
are accessible only within the thread that created them.
PORTFOLIO
Dynamic:
Storage duration: Dynamic
Scope: Global
Memory allocation: Heap
Lifetime: Until explicitly deallocated
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Variables declared with the dynamic storage class are allocated on the heap and must be
explicitly deallocated using delete or delete[].
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
sum of digits of a number using a while loop:
SKILLS
def sum_of_digits(n):
sum = 0
while n > 0
PORTFOLIO
sum += n % 10
n //= 10
return sum
# Test the function
num = 12345
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
print("Sum of digits of", num, "is", sum_of_digits(num))
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
SKILLS
sum of digits of a number using a do-while loop:
def sum_of_digits(n):
sum = 0
PORTFOLIO
do:
sum += n % 10
n //= 10
while n > 0
return sum
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
sum of cube digits of a number using a do-while loop:
def sum_of_cubes(n):
SKILLS
sum = 0
i=1
do:
PORTFOLIO
sum += i ** 3
i += 1
while i <= n
return sum
# Test the function
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
n=5
print("Sum of cubes of numbers from 1 to", n, "is", sum_of_cubes(n))
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
sum of elements of an array:
SKILLS
def sum_array(arr):
sum = 0
i=0
PORTFOLIO
while i < len(arr):
sum += arr[i]
i += 1
return sum
arr = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
print("Sum of elements in the array is", sum_array(arr))
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Recursion defination:
Recursion is a programming technique in which a function calls itself as a subroutine.
A recursive function is a function that solves a problem by solving smaller instances of
SKILLS
the same problem.
def factorial(n):
PORTFOLIO
if n == 0
return 1
else:
return n * factorial(n-1)
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
# Test the function
n=5
print("Factorial of", n, "is", factorial(n))
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
what is Specifiers:
specifier is a keyword or phrase that is used to specify the type or behavior of a variable,
SKILLS
function, or other entity. Specifiers are used to provide additional information about the entity
being declared, and they can affect how the entity is stored, accessed, or used in the program
PORTFOLIO
C and C
const: specifies that a variable is constant and cannot be modified.
volatile: specifies that a variable's value can change unexpectedly, and the compiler should not
optimize access to it.
static: specifies that a variable is shared by all instances of a class, or that a function is only
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
accessible within the current file.
extern: specifies that a variable or function is defined in another file.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
what is Specifiers:
specifier is a keyword or phrase that is used to specify the type or behavior of a variable,
SKILLS
function, or other entity. Specifiers are used to provide additional information about the entity
being declared, and they can affect how the entity is stored, accessed, or used in the program
PORTFOLIO
Python
global: specifies that a variable is a global variable, and can be accessed from anywhere in the
program.
nonlocal: specifies that a variable is a nonlocal variable, and can be accessed from the nearest
enclosing scope.
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
async, await: specify that a function is an asynchronous function, and can be used with
asynchronous programming.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
what is heap:
heap is a specialized tree-based data structure that satisfies the heap property: the parent
node is either greater than (in a max heap) or less than (in a min heap) its child nodes. This
SKILLS
structure is useful for implementing priority queues, sorting algorithms, and other applications
that require efficient access to the maximum or minimum element.
PORTFOLIO
Heap Property
In a max heap, for any given node I
If I has a left child, the value of I is greater than or equal to the value of its left child.
If I has a right child, the value of I is greater than or equal to the value of its right child.
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
In a min heap, for any given node I
If I has a left child, the value of I is less than or equal to the value of its left child.
If I has a right child, the value of I is less than or equal to the value of its right child.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
Heap Operations
ABOUT
Insert: adding a new element to the heap while maintaining the heap property.
Extract: removing the root element (maximum or minimum value) from the heap while
maintaining the heap property.
SKILLS
Heapify: rearranging the heap to maintain the heap property after insertion or extraction.
Types of Heaps
Max Heap: a heap where the parent node is greater than or equal to its child nodes.
PORTFOLIO
Min Heap: a heap where the parent node is less than or equal to its child nodes.
Binary Heap: a heap where each node has at most two child nodes.
Heap Applications
Priority Queues: heaps are used to implement priority queues, where elements are ordered
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
based on their priority.
Sorting Algorithms: heaps are used in sorting algorithms like Heapsort and Merge Sort.
Graph Algorithms: heaps are used in graph algorithms like Dijkstra's algorithm and Prim's
algorithm.
Caching: heaps are used in caching systems to prioritize cache eviction.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
What is enum
SKILLS
An enumeration (enum) is a value type that represents a set of named constants. Enums allow
you to define a set of named values that have underlying types, such as integers or strings.
Enums are useful when you need to define a set of distinct values that have a specific meaning
in your program.
PORTFOLIO
Enum Declaration
An enum is declared using the enum keyword, followed by the name of the enum and the
underlying type (e.g., int, string, etc.).
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Enum values are defined using the = operator, followed by the value (e.g., Red = 0, Green = 1,
etc.).
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Enum Values
Enum values are constants that have a specific meaning in your program.
Enum values can be assigned a specific value, or they can be automatically assigned a value by
SKILLS
the compiler.
Enum values can be used in switch statements, conditional statements, and other control flow
constructs.
PORTFOLIO
Enum Benefits
Readability: Enums make your code more readable by providing a clear and concise way to
represent a set of named values.
Type Safety: Enums ensure type safety by preventing invalid values from being assigned to a
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
variable.
Code Reusability: Enums can be reused throughout your program, reducing code duplication
and improving maintainability.
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
What is a Compiler:
A compiler is a complex system software that plays a crucial role in the process of developing
ABOUT
and executing computer programs. It is a program that translates source code written in a
high-level programming language into a low-level machine language that can be executed
directly by the computer's processor.
SKILLS
Compiler's Primary Function
Preprocessing: The compiler reads the source code and performs preliminary operations such
as expanding macros, including header files, and removing comments.
PORTFOLIO
Syntax Analysis Parsing): The compiler analyzes the source code to ensure it conforms to the
language's syntax rules. This stage involves breaking the code into smaller units called tokens.
Semantic Analysis: The compiler checks the code's semantics, ensuring that the tokens are
used correctly and that the program is logically correct.
Intermediate Code Generation: The compiler generates intermediate code, which is a
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
platform-independent, machine-readable representation of the source code.
Optimization: The compiler analyzes the intermediate code and applies optimizations to
improve the code's performance, size, and efficiency.
Code Generation: The compiler generates machine code from the optimized intermediate code.
Code Emission: The compiler outputs the generated machine code to an object file or
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Compiler Types
SKILLS
Single-Pass Compiler: Compiles the source code in a single pass, without generating
intermediate code.
PORTFOLIO
Multi-Pass Compiler: Compiles the source code in multiple passes, generating intermediate
code and optimizing it before generating machine code.
Cross-Compiler: Compiles code for a different platform or architecture than the one it's running
on.
Just-In-Time JIT Compiler: Compiles code at runtime, rather than during the development
phase.
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Print hello world 100 times with out using loops
SKILLS
def print_hello(n):
if n > 0
print("Hello, World!")
print_hello(n-1)
PORTFOLIO
print_hello(100)
print("Hello, World!\n" * 100
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
ABOUT
Compiler Types
SKILLS
Single-Pass Compiler: Compiles the source code in a single pass, without generating
intermediate code.
PORTFOLIO
Multi-Pass Compiler: Compiles the source code in multiple passes, generating intermediate
code and optimizing it before generating machine code.
Cross-Compiler: Compiles code for a different platform or architecture than the one it's running
on.
Just-In-Time JIT Compiler: Compiles code at runtime, rather than during the development
phase.
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
Frequently Asked Questions
HOME
what is Static class?
A static class is a class that cannot be instantiated, and all its members (methods, fields,
ABOUT
properties, etc.) are shared by all instances of the class. In other words, a static class is
essentially a collection of static methods and variables that can be used without creating an
instance of the class.
SKILLS
Characteristics of a Static Class:
Cannot be instantiated (i.e., you cannot create an object from it)
All members are static (i.e., shared by all instances)
Cannot inherit from another class (except Object)
PORTFOLIO
Cannot be used as a base class
All members are thread-safe (since they are static)
When to Use a Static Class:
When you need a utility class that provides a set of methods that don't depend on the state of
QUESTIONS
INTERVIEW
an instance.
When you need to group related constants or methods that don't require an instance.
When you want to provide a way to access a set of methods or variables without creating an
instance.
HOME
ABOUT
GET IN TOUCH
SKILLS
SOCIAL MEDIA
POWERPOINTSCHOOL
NAHIDUZZAMAN
PORTFOLIO
[email protected]
22/B, BAKER STREET
CONTACT
+660145869757
HOME
ABOUT
GET IN TOUCH
SKILLS
SOCIAL MEDIA
POWERPOINTSCHOOL
NAHIDUZZAMAN
PORTFOLIO
[email protected]
22/B, BAKER STREET
CONTACT
+660145869757
