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Useful tips given in worked examples
Rigorous practice to aid in mastery of concepts
Full worked solutions and model methods provided
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ISBN 978-981-4512-98-5
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Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
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………的的 Preface 2 2 C
Solving mathematical problems is central to the leaning and
application of mathematics. It involves the acquisition as well as
application of mathematical concepts and skills in a wide range
of situations, including non-routine, open-ended and real-world
problems.
However, many pupils have difficulties in solving these problems.
Bearing the saying 'Practice makes perfect' in mind, Must Know
Maths Problem Sums and Model Methods is a series of six
books written in accordance with the latest Primary Mathematics
Syllabus issued by the Ministry of Education to expose pupils to
commonly-tested problem sums, including non-routine problem
sums. Gaining familiarity in mathematical problem-solving, pupils will
develop confidence and competence in their preparation for tests
and examinations in schools, and eventually the PSLE examination.
Worked examples with model drawings and useful tips,
where applicable, are included to illustrate the techniques in
problem-solving and the mathematical concepts involved. Full
worked solutions for all the sums are also provided to facilitate
self-checking and independent leaming.
2
不指比和飞
Contents 2 2
Unit 1
Unit 2
Whole Numbers………………………………………………1
Multiplication and Division by 2 and 3……………23
Unit 3 Multiplication and Division by 4,5 and 10………39
Unit 4 Four Operations of Whole Numbers……………………58
Unit 5 Length……………………………………………………………76
Unit 6 Mass………………………………………………………………………97
Unit 7 Money……………………………………………………………………114
Unit 8 Fractions………………………………………………………………133
Unit 9 Time…………………………………………………………………146
Unit 10 Volume……………………………………………………………159
Worked Solutions………………………………………………181
2
Unit …名 1
2 2
Whole Numbers
Example 1
There are 176 chickens and 139 ducks on a farm.
How many animals are there on the farm?
Solution
?
176 139
chickens ducks
176+139=315
There are 315 animals on the farm.
OEducational Publishing House Pteld
Unit 1 Wholo Numbers
Example 2
There are 284 apples and pears at Madam Wong's stall.
There are 168 apples.
(a) How many pears are there?
(b) If there are 74 green apples, how many red apples are
there at the stall?
Solution
(a) 284
? 168
apples pears
284-168=116
There are 116 pears.
(b) 168
74 ?
green red
168-74=94
There are 94 red apples at the stall
2
O EducatonalPublishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 1 Whole Numbers
Example 3
Siti has 138 marbles.
Edwin has 69 more marbles than Siti.
How many marbles do they have altogether?
Solution
Siti
Edwin
138
69
?
First, find the number of marbles Edwin has.
Number of marbles Edwin has—→138+69
=207
207+138=345
They have 345 marbles altogether.
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 1 Whole Numberb
Example 4
Rex has a totalof 576 local stamps and foreign stamps.
If he has 338 local stamps,
(a) how many foreign stampsdoes Rex have?
(b) how many more local stamps than foreign stamps
does Rex have?
Solution
(a) local foreign
? 338
576
576-338=238
Rex has 238 foreign stamps.
(b)
Local
Foreign
338
?
238
338-238=100
Rex has 100 more local stamps than foreign stamps.
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 1 Whole Numbers
Example 5
There were 275 cows on a farm.
There were 68 fewer goats than cows.
(a) How many goals were there on the farm?
(b) How many cows and goats were there altogether?
Solution
Cows
Goats
275
68
?,(a)
?,(b)
The number of goats should be less than 275.
(a) 275-68=207
There were 207 goats on the farm.
(b) 275+207=482
There were 482 cows and goats altogether.
O Fducational Publishing HousePte Ltd
Unit 1 Wholo Numbers
Example 6
Joshua has 59 badges.
Meili has 29 more badges than Joshua but 33 fewer badges
than Raj.
How many badges does Raj have?
Solution
Joshua 59
To avoid confusion, start by drawing the model with
the smallest quantity(Joshua).
Meili 29
Raj 33
?
Number of badges Meili has —→59+29
=88
88+33=121
Raj has 121 badges.
A O Educational Publishing House Pte Lid
Unlt 1 Whole Numbers
Example 7
Dave had 162 rubber bands. He gave away 69 rubber bands but received 82 rubber
bands
from his friends.
How many rubber bands did Dave have in the end?
Solution
162
69
left
away
gave
Number of rubber bands he had left—→162-69
=93
?
93 82
received
93+82=175
Dave had 175 rubber bands in the end.
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ld
Unit 1 Whole Numbers
Example 8
Cheryl has 97 local stamps and 48 foreign stamps.
Her mother gives her some foreign stamps so that she has
an equal number of local stamps and foreign stamps.
(a) How many foreign stamps does Cheryl's mother give
her?
(b) How many local stamps and foreign stamps does
Cheryl have in the end?
Solution
Local
Foreign
97
48
?,(a)
?,(b)
(a) 97-48=49
Cheryl's mother gives her 49 foreign stamps.
(b) 97+97=194
Cheryl has 194 local stamps and foreign stamps in the
end.
0 O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 1 Wole Numbers
Example 9
David had 87 marbles.
He gave away 48 marbles.
His mother then gave him some marbles.
If he had 100 marbles in the end, how many marbles did his
mother give him?
Solution
At first
87
48
gives away left
In the end
100
?
mother gives him left
Number of marbles David has left —→87-48
=39
100-39=61
His mother gave him 61 marbles.
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 1 Whole Numbers
Example 10
Jared is 9 years older than Sam.
If Sam is 37 years old in 9 years' time, how old is Jared now?
Solution
37
Sam 9
Sam's age now—→37-9
= 28 years
Sam 28
Jared 9
?
28+9=37 years
Jared is 37 years old now.
0
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ld
Unit 1 Whole Numben
Exercise 1
Work out the following sums.
1. Rosaline typed 235 pages of a book in the first week.
She typed the remaining 285 pages in the second
week.
What was the total number of pages in the book?
2. On Monday morning, Mrs Tan sold 128 tarts.
She sold 276 tarts in the evening and had 119 tarts left.
How many tarts did she have at first?
Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
"
Unit 1 Whole Numbers
3. Madam Rosa sold 138 pears.
She threw away 56 rotten pears.
If she had 149 pears left, how many pears did she
have at first?
4. Andy has 138 comic books.
Benny has 126 comic books while Calvin has
117 comic books.
How many comic books do they have in all?
”
Educational Publishing House Pte Lid
Unit 1 Whde Numbers
5. There are 764 fiction books and non-fiction books in
Mr Hong's personal library
If he has 367 fiction books, how many non-fiction
books does he have?
6. Mr Chen delivered 366 durians to supermarkets X
and Y.
He delivered 152 durians to Supermarket Xand the
rest to Supermarket Y.
How many durians were delivered to Supermarket Y?
O Educational Publishing House PteLtd 。
Unit 1 Whole Numbers
7. Winston has 121 markers.
There are 45 blue markers and 53 red markers.
If the rest of the markers are black, how many black
markers does Winston have?
8. Sharon has 264 lucky stars.
Tina has 87 fewer lucky stars than Sharon.
How many lucky stars do they have in all?
"
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 1 Whole Mumbers
9. Mei Shan has 384 stamps.
Ali has 178 stamps.
(a) How many more stamps does Mei Shan have
than Ali?
(b) Find the total number of stamps they have.
10. 387 children were in a hall.
If there were 179 boys,
(a) how many girls were there in the hall?
(b) how many more girls than boys were there in
the hall?
O Educational Publishing House Pe Ld 3
Unit 1 Whole Numbers
11. There are 232 people at a theme park.
143 of them are adults and the rest are children.
(a) How many children are there at the theme
park?
(b) How many more adults than children are there
at the theme park?
12. 558 children were at a carnival.
There were 489 fewer adults than children.
How many adults were there at the carnival?
"
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Unit 1 Whde Nambers
13. Alex has 183 red beads.
He has 129 more red beads than blue beads.
(a) How many blue beads does he have?
(b) How many beads does he have altogether?
14. There are 327 hens on a farm.
There are 149 fewer ducks than hens on the farm.
(a) How many ducks are there on the farm?
(b) How many fowls are there on the farm
altogether?
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
”
Unit 1 Whole Numbers
15. Ali scored 66 marks for his Malay test.
Adam scored 18 more marks than Ali but 13 fewer
marks than Fariz.
(a) How many marks did Adam score?
(b) How many marks did Fariz score?
16. Siva has 56 ribbons.
Zainal has 27 more ribbons than Siva and 14 more
ribbons than Alice.
(a) How many ribbons does Zainal have?
(b) How many ribbons does Alice have?
● Educational Publishing House Pte Lid
Unit 1 Whole Numbers
17. Doris has 28 hairclips. She has 16 fewer hairclips than Grace.
Julie has 17 more hairclips than Grace.
(a) How many hairclips does Grace have?
(b) How many hairclips do the three girls have
altogether?
18. Ricky gave Martin 159 stickers so that Martin would
have 258 stickers.
(a) How many stickers did Martin have at first?
(b) If Ricky had 283 stickers after giving Martin the
stickers, how many stickers did Ricky have at
first?
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
”
Unit 1 Whole Numbers
19. Sandra and Li Wen have a total of 86 stars.
Sandra has 39 stars.
If Li Wen gives 22 of her stars to Sandra,
(a) how many stars does Li Wen have left?
(b) how many more stars does Sandra have than
Li Wen in the end?
20. Luther had 82 ice cream sticks.
Julian had 37 ice cream sticks.
Over a few weeks, Julian collected some more ice
cream sticks and had the same number of ice cream
sticks as Luther in the end.
(a) How many ice cream sticks did Julian collect
over the few weeks?
(b) How many ice cream sticks did Luther and
Julian have altogether in the end?
”
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 1 Whole Numbers
21. Charran gave 36 game cards to his friend.
Then, his father gave him 49 game cards.
He had 98 game cards in the end.
How many game cards did Charran have at first?
22. Jonah is 11 years younger than Matthew. If Matthew is 39 years old in 7 years'
time, how old is
Jonah now?
OEducational Publishing House Pte Ltd
“
Unit 1 Wole Numbers
23. Kim Li is 18 years old.
Johnny is 5 years older than Kim Li.
What is their total age in 6 years' time?
24. Yi Ming is 24 years old.
He is 5 years older than Fabian.
What was their total age 4 years ago?
A O Educational Publishing House Pte Ld
2 2
un Multiplication and Division
by 2 and 3 2
Example 1
Gabriel has 2 bags of mangosteens.
Each bag has 8 mangosteens.
How many mangosteens does Gabriel have?
Solution
?
8
1 bag —→8 mangosteens
2 bags—→2×8
= 16 mangosteens
Gabriel has 16 mangosteens.
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
"
Unit 2 Mulplcaton and Dnsion by 2 and 3
Example 2
Mrs Wong baked 27 chicken pies for her 3 children.
Each of them got the same number of chicken pies.
How many chicken pies did each child get?
Solution
27
?
3 children—→27 chicken pies
1 child —→27÷3
=9 chicken pies
Each child got 9 chicken pies.
—
“
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 2 Muliplication and DMision by 2 and 3
Example 3
There are 3 stickers on one card.
Anna has 21 stickers altogether.
(a) How many cards does Anna have?
(b) How many stickers are there on 5 such cards?
Solution
(a) 21
3 3
3 stickers —→1 card
21 stickers —→21÷3
=7 cards
Anna has 7 cards.
(b) ?
3
1 card —→3 stickers
5 cards —→5×3
= 15 stickers
There are 15 stickers on 5 such cards.
O Educational Publishing HousePte Ltd 25
Unit 2 Muiplcation and DMsion by 2 and 3
Example 4
The product of two numbers is 21.
Their difference is 4.
Find the two numbers.
Solution
Using guess and check
Numbers Product Difference Check
21-1=20 X 21,1 21×1=21
⑦③ 7×3=21 7-3=4 √
The two numbers are 7 and 3.
“
● Educational Publishing House Pte Lid
Unit 2 Muliplcafon and DMision by 2 and 3
Example 5
I am a 2-digit odd number less than 20.
The product of the digit in the ones place and the digit in
the tens place is 9.
What number am I?
Solution
Using guess and check Look out for key words
(odd numbers, tens, ones
and product).
Number Tens Ones Product Check
11 1 1 1×1=1 X
13 1 3 1×3=3 X
··· ·· ··· ··· ···
1 9 1×9=9 √
I am number 19.
O Educational Publishing HousePte Ltd
"
Unit 2 Muliplcafon and DMsion by 2 and 3
Example 6
When a number is multiplied by 3 and then divided by 2,
the result is 9.
What is the number?
Solution
Working backwards Know the opposites of the
different operations.
Addition→ Subtraction Division→ Multiplication
?
×3 ÷2 9
18÷3=6
(Step 2)
9×2=18
(Step 1)
Check:6×3=18
18÷2=9
The number is 6.
"
Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 2 Muiplicaton and DMson by 2 and 3
Exercise 2
Work out the following sums.
1. A triangle has 3 sides.
(a) How many sides do 7 triangles have?
(b) How many sides do 9 triangles have?
2. Each pupil had to read 2 storybooks during the school
holidays.
How many storybooks did 10 pupils have to read
altogether during the school holidays?
O Educational Publishing HousePte Lud 2
Unit 2 Muplcaton and Dnislon by2 nd3
3. There are 7 buttons on a skirt and 8 buttons on a
shirt.
(a) How many buttons are there on 3 such skirts?
(b) How many buttons are there on 2 such shirts?
(c) How many buttons are there altogether on
3 such skirts and 2 such shirts?
4. There are 3 boysand 2 girls.
Each boy gets 6 comic books and each girl gets
5 comic books.
(a) How many comic books do the 3 boys get?
(b) How many comic books do the 2 girls get?
(c) How many comic books do the children get
altogether?
”
● Educational Publishing House Pte Lid
Unit 2 Mulplcalon and DMsion by 2 and 3
5. Lincoln has 27 storybooks.
If he arranges them equally onto 3 shelves, how
many storybooks does he put on each shelf?
6. Thomas and Eddy shared 18 erasers equally.
How many erasers did each boy get?
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ld
”
Unit 2 Mufplcafion and DMision by 2 and3
7. Li Hua baked 30 cookies.
She shared them equally with 2 friends.
How many cookies did each of them receive?
8. Gopal has 14 marbles.
He packs 2 marbles into a bag.
How many bags does he need?
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 2 Mutplcaton and Dhsion by2and 3 4
9. Miss Lim has 18 pupils.
If every 2 of her pupils share 1 pizza, how many
pizzas does she need?
10. If Mrs Lee puts 2 curry puffs on a plate, she will need
6 plates.
(a) How many curry puffs does Mrs Lee have?
(b) If Mrs Lee puts 3 curry puffs on each plate, how
many plates does she need?
OEducational Publishing House Pte Lud
”
Unit 2 Muiplcaion and DMsion by 2 and 3
11. The product of two numbers is 27.
Their sum is 12.
Find the two numbers.
12. The product of two numbers is 24.
Their difference is 5.
Find the two numbers.
“
OEducational Publishing House Pte Lid
Unit 2 MuBpication and DMision by 2 and 3
13. The sum of two numbers is 6.
Their product is 8.
Find the larger number.
14. The product of two numbers is 18.
Their sum is 9.
Find the larger number.
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd 35
Unit 2 Mulplcafon and DMsion by 2 and 3
15. I am a 2-digit odd number less than 30.
The product of the digit in the ones place and the
digit in the tens place is 10.
What number am I?
16. I am a 2-digit even number less than 30.
The product of the digit in the ones place and the
digit in the tens place is 16.
What number am I?
“
O Educational Publlshing House Pte Ltd
Unit 2 Mulplicalon and Dwsion by 2 and 3
17. I am a 2-digit odd number less than 40.
The product of the digit in the ones place and the
digit in the tens place is 27.
What number am I?
18. When a number is divided by 2 and then multiplied
by 3, the result is 27.
What is the number?
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
"
、Unit 2 Muipicafon and DMslon by 2 and 3
19. When a number is multiplied by 3 and then multiplied
by 3 again, the result is 9.
What is the number?
20. When a number is divided by 3 and then divided by 3
again, the result is 3.
What is the number?
"
Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
)s
和托柳亦
3
2 2 C
Multiplication and Division by 4,5 and 10
Example 1
A packet of 40 erasers is shared equally among 5 children.
(a) How many erasersdoes each child get?
(b) How many erasers do 3 children get?
Solution
40
?,(a) ?,(b)
(a) 5 children —→40 erasers
1 child—→40÷5
= 8 erasers
Each child gets 8 erasers.
(b) 1 child —→8 erasers
3 children —→3×8
=24 erasers
3 children get 24 erasers.
O Educational PublishingHouse Pte Ld 30
Unit 3 Muiflplcafon and DMson by 4.5 and 10
Example 2
Mrs Ng buys 5 bags of mangoes.
There are 6 mangoes in each bag.
(a) How many mangoes does Mrs Ng buy altogether?
(b) If she repacks the mangoes into bags of 10 mangoes,
how many bags does she need?
Solution
(a) ?
6
1 bag —→6 mangoes
5 bags —→5×6
= 30 mangoes
Mrs Ng buys 30 mangoes altogether.
(b)
30
10 10
10 mangoes —→1 bag
30 mangoes —→30÷10
= 3 bags
She needs 3 bags.
40 O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 3 Mulplicatbon and DMsion by 4,5 and 10
Example 3
Ali has 10 marbles.
Wei Ming has 5 times as many marbles as Ali.
Jeffrey has 4 times as many marbles as Ali.
(a) How many marbles does Wei Ming have?
(b) How many marbles does Jeffrey have?
Solution
Ali
Wei Ming
Jeffrey
10
?,(a)
?,(b)
A rectangular block of equal size is called a unit.
To find the size of a unit,
divide the total by the
number of blocks (units).
(a) 1 unit—→10 marbles
5 units —→5×10
=50 marbles
Wei Ming has 50 marbles.
(b) 1 unit—→10 marbles
4 units —→4×10
= 40 marbles
Jeffrey has 40 marbles.
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
“
Unit 3 Mufiplcation and DMsion by 4.5 and 10
Example 4
Mr Lim has a total of 8 five-dollar notes and ten-dollar notes.
The total value of all his notes is $50.
(a) How many five-dollar notes does he have?
(b) How many ten-dollar notes does he have?
Solution
Using guess and check
Number of Value of Number of Value of
five-dollar five-dollar ten-dollar ten-dollar Total value Check
notes notes notes notes
7×$5 $35+$10 7 1 1×$10=$10 X =$35 =$45
6×$5 $30+$20 ② ⑥ 2×$10=520 √ =$30 = $50
From the table,
(a) He has 6 five-dollar notes.
(b) He has 2 ten-dollar notes.
a O Educational Publishing House Pte Lid
Unit 3 Mulpleation and DMision by4.5 and 10
Example 5
A number, when multiplied by 5 and then divided by 4,
gives 10.
Find the number.
Solution
Working backwards
?
×5 ÷4 10
40÷5=8
(Step 2)
10×4=40
(Step 1)
Check:8×5=40
40÷4=10
The number is 8.
O Educational Publishing HousePte Lid 。
Unit 3 Mulpicaton and DMsion by4.5 and 10
Example 6
9 pairs of socks cost as much as 5 singlets.
If each pair of socks costs $5,
(a) how much do 9 pairs of socks cost?
(b) how much does a singlet cost?
Solution
9 pairs of socks$5
?,(a)
5 singlets
?,(b)
Make sure that 9×
units of socks are the same as 5units of singlets.
(a) 1 pair of socks —→$5
9 pairs of socks —→9×$5
=$45
9 pairs of socks cost $45.
(b) 5 singlets —→$45
1 singlet—→$45÷5
= $9
A singlet costs $9.
44 ● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 3 Mutplcafion and DMsion by4,5and 10
Exercise 3
Work out the following sums.
1. 80 pupils from 10 schoolsparticipated in a competition.
Each school sent the same number of pupils.
How many pupils were there from each school?
2. A class of 36 boys is divided into groups.
There are 4 boys in each group.
How many groups of boys are there?
O Educational Publishing House Pte Lird
Unit 3 Miiplcaton and DMslon by 4,5 and 10
3. There are 6 red buttons and 3 blue buttons in a
packet.
There are 5 such packets of buttons.
(a) How many buttons are there in each packet?
(b) How many buttons are there in 5 such packets?
4. 32 candies were shared equally among 4 children.
(a) How many candies did each child get?
(b) How many candies did 2 children get?
“
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unlt 3 Mutpliaton and DMsion by 4.5 and 10
5. 5 children saved $45 in a week.
If each child saved the same amount of money in a
week,
(a) how much would a child save in a week?
(b) how much would a child save in 10 weeks?
6. There are 6 girls and 4 boys in a team.
(a) How many girls are there in 5 teams?
(b) How many boys are there in 5 teams?
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
”
Unit 3 Mulplcaton and QMslon by4,5 and 10
7. Judy gave $8 to each of her 5 children on Monday.
She gave $9 to each of her 5 children on Tuesday.
(a) How much money did she give to her children
on Monday?
(b) How much money did she give to her children on Tuesday?
8. A skirt costs $9.
(a) How much do 5 skirts cost?
(b) If Mrs Lee has just enough money to buy
4 skirts, how much does she have?
"
O Educarlonal Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 3 Munpicaton and DMsion by4,5and 10
9. Mrs Lee buys 4 packets of balloons.
There are 9 balloons in each packet.
(a) How many balloons does she buy altogether?
(b) If each packet of balloons costs $2, how much
does she pay for the balloons?
10. There are 10 stickers in a pack.
Shawn buys 4 such packs.
(a) How many stickersdoes Shawn buy altogether?
(b) If Shawn shares the stickers equally with his
4 friends, how many stickers does each of them
get?
● Educational Publishing House Pte tud
”
Unit 3 Mufplcaton and DMsion by 4,5 and 10
11. There are 5 shelves of books.
There are 8 books on each shelf.
(a) How many books are there altogether?
(b) If all the books are to be put equally onto
4 shelves, how many books are there on each
shelf?
12. Sharon buys 7 boxes of cream puffs.
There are 4 cream puffs in each box.
(a) How many cream puffs does Sharon buy
altogether?
(b) If Sharon shares the cream puffs equally with
her 3 friends, how many cream puffs does each
of them get?
0
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 3 Mulplcation and DMsion by4,5 and 10
13. Sarah reads 9 pages of a storybook each day.
(a) How many pages will she read in 5 days?
(b) If the book has 90 pages, how many days does
she need to complete reading the book?
14. James has 8 comic books.
Ivan has 4 times as many comic books as James.
How many comic books does Ivan have?
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”
Unit 3 Muiplcatton and DMslon by4,5 and 10
15. Joan has 9 hairclips.
Patricia has 5 times as many hairclips as Joan.
How many hairclips does Patricia have?
16. Mrs Chan bought 11 packets of sugar. Some packets had a mass of 5 kg each while
others
had a mass of 4 kg each.
The total mass of the packets of sugar was 50 kg.
(a) How many packets of sugar had a mass of 5 kg
each?
(b) How many packets of sugar had a mass of 4 kg
each?
"
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 3 Muiplcaton and DMsion by4.5 and 10
17. A number when multiplied by 4 and then multiplied
by 10, gives 80.
Find the number.
18. A number when divided by 4 and then multiplied by
10, gives 90.
Find the number.
● Educational Publishing HousePte tud
”
Unit 3 Muipicafon and DMsion by 4.5 and 10
19. Mr Jones has just enough money to buy 35 comic
books.
The cost of 5 comic books is the same as the cost of
3 novels.
How many novels can he buy with the same amount
of money?
20. Lena has just enough money to buy 16 muffins.
The cost of 4 muffins is the same as the cost of
5 brownies.
If Lena wants to buy only brownies with the money
she has, how many brownies will she get?
m O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 3 Miiplcaton and DMision by4,5 and 10
21. Mr Tan has just enough money to buy 25 cups.
The cost of 5 cups is the same as the cost of 4 glasses. If Mr Tan wants to buy
only glasses, how many
glasses will he get?
22. Jason has just enough money to buy 40 oranges.
The cost of 10 oranges is the same as the cost of
4 soursops.
If Jason wants to buy only soursops, how many
soursops will he get?
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Unit 3 Muipicaion and DMsbon by 4.5 and 10
23. 5 cheesecakes cost as much as 4 mango cakes.
If each cheesecake costs $8,
(a) how much do 5 cheesecakes cost?
(b) how much does a mango cake cost?
24. 5 comic books cost as much as 3 novels.
If each novel costs $10,
(a) how much do 3 novels cost?
(b) how much does a comic book cost?
0
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Unit 3 Mutplicaton and DMsion by4,5and 10
25. 8 papayas cost as much as 4 durians.
If each papaya costs $2,
(a) how much do 8 papayas cost?
(b) how much does a durian cost?
26. Janet can afford to buy 20 apples.
The cost of 4 apples is the same as the cost of 2 pears.
Instead of buying 20 apples, how many pears can she
buy with the same amount of money?
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4 集容 4
Unit 4
2 2
C
Four Operations of
Whole Numbers
Example 1
Calvin had 52 marbles.
He bought another 4 packets of marbles.
Each packet had 9 marbles.
(a) How many marbles were there in 4 packets?
(b) How many marbles did Calvin have altogether?
Solution
?, (a)
52 9
?,(b)
1 packet —→9 marbles (a)
4 packets —→4×9
=36 marbles
There were 36 marbles in 4 packets.
(b) 52+36=88
Calvin had 88 marbles altogether.
58 OEducational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 4 Four Operatons of Whole Numbers
Example 2
A stall holder had 127 eggs.
He sold 82 eggs and packed the remaining eggs into 5 trays.
(a) How many eggs did he pack intothe trays?
(b) How many eggs were there in each tray?
Solution
?,(b)
?,(a) sold
82
127
(a) 127-82=45
He packed 45 eggs into the trays.
(b) 5 trays —→45 eggs
1 tray—→45÷5
= 9 eggs
There were 9 eggs in each tray.
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Unit 4 Four Operaions of Whole Numbers
Example 3
Putra and Edwin have a total of 32 stamps. If Putra has 12 more stamps than Edwin,
(a) how many stamps does Edwin have?
(b) how many stamps does Putra have?
Solution
Putra
Edwin
?,(a)
?,(b)
12
32
(a) 2 units —→32-12
= 20 stamps
1 unit —→20÷2
= 10 stamps
Edwin has 10 stamps.
(b) 10+12=22
Putra has 22 stamps.
@ O Educatonal Publishing House Pte Ld
Unit 4 Four Operatons d Whole Numbers
Example 4
Jing Jing has 68 stickers.
Keith has 88 stickers.
(a) How many more stickers does Keith have than
Jing Jing?
(b) How many stickers must Keith give to JingJing so that
both of them will have the same number of stickers?
Solution
?,(b)
Jing Jing 68
?,(a)
Keith
88
They can share the
difference equally.
(a) 88-68=20
Keith has 20 more stickers than Jing Jing.
(b) 20÷2=10
Keith must give 10 stickers to Jing Jing.
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
“
Unit 4 Four Opwadons of Whos Numbers
Example 5
Tyrone caught 8 spiders and ladybirds.
A spider had 8 legs and a ladybird had 6 legs.
Tyrone counted that they had 58 legs altogether.
How many spiders did he catch?
Solution
Using guess and check
Number Number Number Number of of Total number of of spiders' ladybirds of legs
spiders ladybirds legs legs
Check
X 4 4×8=32 4 4×6=24 32+24=56
⑤ √ 5×8=40 3 3×6=18 40+18=58
From the table,
he caught 5 spiders.
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Unit 4 Four Operatons of Whole Numbers
Example 6
A number when multiplied by 5 and then added to 19,
gives 64.
Find the number.
Solution
Working backwards
?
×5 +19 64
45÷5=9
(Step 2)
64-19=45
(Step 1)
Check: 9×5=45
45+19=64
The number is 9.
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd 63
Unit 4 Four Operations of Whole Numbers
Example 7
A magical plant grew in an unusual manner.
It was 8 cm tall on the first day, 13 cm tall on the second day
18 cm tall on the third day and so on.
How tall was the plant on the sixth day?
Solution
Look for a pattern Start off by finding the difference between the growth of the
plant on 2 consecutive days.
1st day 8 cm 2nd day
13 cm
3rd day 18 cm 4th day
23 cm
5th day
28 cm
6th day ?
+5 +5 +5 +5 +5
28+5=33
The plant was 33 cm tall on the sixth day
“
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Unit 4 FourOperatons ot Whole Numbers
Exercise 4
Work out the following sums.
1. Amos baked 5 trays of éclairs.
Each tray had 9 éclairs.
He sold 27 éclairs.
(a) How many éclairs did he bake?
(b) How many éclairs were left?
2. Gina had 24 pencils.
She bought another 6 packets of pencils
Each packet had 5 pencils.
(a) How many pencils did Gina buy?
(b) How many pencils did she have in the end?
●[ducational Publisling Houe Pie Lid 65
Unit 4 Four eperalons ol Whole Numbars
3. Raju has 78 cards.
He gives 9 cards to each of his 5 cousins.
(a) How many cards does he give to his cousins
altogether?
(b) How many cards does he have left?
4. Alice gave 7 chocolates to each of her 4 friends and
had 68 chocolates left.
(a) How many chocolates did Alice give to her
4 friends?
(b) How many chocolates did she have at first?
“
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关注微信 105364680 Unit 4 Fou Operatbons gf Whoe Numbers
5. Linda gave 9 bookmarks to each of her 4 friends.
She had 46 bookmarks left.
(a) How many bookmarks did she give to her
friends?
(b) How many bookmarks did she have at first?
6. Mrs Lee gave some stickers to 3 boys and 4 girls.
Each boy received 6 stickers.
Each girl received 7 stickers.
(a) How many stickers did the boys receive?
(b) How many stickers did the girls receive?
(c) How many stickers did Mrs Lee give to the
children?
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Unit 4 Four Operatons of Whole Numbers
7. Jason has 11 sweets, Adrian has 12 sweets and
Chandra has 13 sweets.
(a) How many sweets do they have altogether?
(b) If they decide to share their sweets equally with
Darren, how many sweets does each child get?
8. Frank and Gopal have a total of 27 stickers.
If Frank has 7 more stickers than Gopal, how many
stickers does Gopal have?
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Unit 4 Four Operabons ot Whole Numbers
9. There are 33 people in a restaurant.
If there are 15 more adults than children, how many
children are there in the restaurant?
10. There are 29 cheesecakes and strawberry cakes in a
confectionery.
There are 13 more cheesecakes than strawberry
cakes.
(a) How many strawberry cakes are there in the
confectionery?
(b) How many cheesecakes are there in the
confectionery?
Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
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Unit 4 Four Operations of Whole Numbers
11. There are 22 chickens and ducks on Mr Tan's farm.
There are 8 more chickens than ducks.
(a) How many ducks are there on the farm?
(b) How many chickens are there on the farm?
12. Steven has 39 stamps and Tim has 55 stamps.
(a) How many more stamps does Tim have than
Steven?
(b) How many stamps must Tim give to Steven so
that both of them will have the same number
of stamps?
0
O EducationalPublishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 4 Four Operations of Whole Numbers
13. Aaron has 46 crayons and Benedict has 28 crayons.
(a) How many more crayons does Aaron have than
Benedict?
(b) How many crayons must Aaron give to Benedict so that both of them will have the
same
number of crayons?
14. There are 12 goats and chickens on Mr Sim's farm.
If the animals have a total of 38 legs, how many
chickens are there on Mr Sim's farm?
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Unit 4 Four Operations of Whole Numbers、
15. Joseph used 48 toothpicks to make 14 squares and
triangles.
He used 3 toothpicks to make a triangle and
4 toothpicks to make a square.
How many squares did he make?
16. There are 17 bicycles and tricycles in Mr Lim's garage.
There are 43 wheels altogether.
How many tricycles are there?
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Unit 4 Four Operations of Whole Numbers
17. There are 15 copper balls and iron balls.
The mass of each copper ball is 5 kg.
The mass of each iron ball is 4 kg.
If the total mass of the copper balls and iron balls is
69 kg, how many iron balls are there?
18. A number when multiplied by 10 and then subtracted
by 23, gives 57.
Find the number.
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Unlt 4 Four Operalions al Whole Mumbers
19. A number when multiplied by 5 and then added to 35,
gives 70.
Find the number.
20. A magical bean plant grew in an unusual manner.
It was 10 cm tall on the first day, 20 cm tall on the
second day, 30 cm tall on the third day and so on.
How tall had the plant grown from the first day to the
sixth day?
"
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关注微信 105364680 Unit 4 Four Operalons of Whole Numbers
21. A magical shoot grew in an unusual manner.
It was 4 cm tall on the first day, 8 cm tall on the
second day, 12 cm tall on the third day, 16 cm tall on
the fourth day and so on.
How tall was the shoot on the ninth day?
22. James collected 4 ice cream sticks on the first day,
8 ice cream sticks on the second day, 12 ice cream sticks
on the third day and so on.
How many ice cream sticks did he collect from the
first day to the sixth day?
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的作 2 2
un 正 5 Length
Example 1
A piece of aluminium rod is bent to form a triangle of equal
sides.
Each side is 38 cm long. Find the length ofthe aluminium rod.
Solution 38 cm 38 cm
?
38 cm
38 cm
Total length of 2 sides of the triangle —→38+38
=76 cm
76+38=114 cm
The length of the aluminium rod is 114 cm.
0
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Unit 5 Length
Example 2
The total length of a piece of yellow thread and a piece of
green thread is 432 cm.
If the piece of yellow thread is 262 cm long, find the length
of the piece of green thread.
Solution
432 cm
? 262 cm
yellow green
432-262=170 cm
The length ofthe piece of green thread is 170 cm.
Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
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Unit 5 Length
Example 3
De Wen is 167 cm tall.
Clara is 148 cm tall.
(a) How much taller is De Wen than Clara?
(b) What is the total height of De Wen and Clara?
Solution
De Wen
Clara
167 cm
148 cm
?,(b)
,(a)
(a) 167-148=19 cm
De Wen is 19 cm taller than Clara.
(b) 167+148=315 cm
The total height of De Wen and Clara is 315 cm.
"
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Unlt 5 Lengh
Example 4
Rope X is 34 m long.
Rope Y is 28 m longer than Rope X.
(a) Find the length of Rope Y.
(b) Find the total length of Rope X and Rope Y.
Solution
Rope X
Rope Y
34 m
28 m
?,(a)
?,(b)
(a) 34+28=62 m
The length of Rope Y is 62 m.
(b) 34+62=96 m
The total length of Rope Xand Rope Y is 96 m.
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Unit 5 Length
Example 5
When Fandi stands on a stool, the total height of Fandi and
the stool is 216 cm.
(a) If the stool is 48 cm high, how tall is Fandi?
(b) How much taller is Fandi than the stool?
Solution
Stool 48 cm ?,(b)
Fandi
?,(a)
216 cm
(a) 216-48=168 cm
Fandi is 168 cm tall.
(b) 168-48=120 cm
Fandi is 120 cm taller than the stool.
同 O Educational PublishingHouse Pte Ltd
Unit 5 Langh
Example 6
Rope A is 47 cm long.
Rope B is 38 cm longer than Rope A and 29 cm longer than
Rope C.
(a) What is the length of Rope B?
(b) What is the length of Rope C?
Solution
Rope A 38 cm 47 cm
Rope B
Rope C
?,(a)
?,(b)
29 cm
(a) 47+38=85 cm
The length of Rope B is 85 cm.
(b) 85-29=56 cm
The length of Rope C is 56 cm.
Educational Publishing House Pte Lud 81
Unit 5 Langth
Example 7
The total length of Rope P and Rope Q is 228 cm.
The total length of Rope Q and Rope R is 236 cm. Rope R has a length of 147 cm.
(a) Find the length of Rope Q.
(b) Find the length of Rope P.
Solution
236 cm
147 cm
Rope R
228 cm
Rope Q
?,(a)
Rope P
?,(b) Rope Q
(a) 236-147=89 cm
The length of Rope Q is 89 cm.
(b) 228-89=139 cm
The length of Rope P is 139 cm.
m ● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 5 Longth
Example 8
Jimmy's house is 418 m away from the shopping mall.
The community centre is 325m away from the shopping
mall.
How far must Jimmy walk from his house to the community
centre if he has to pass by the shopping mall?
Solution
?
Jimmy's
house
418 m 325mcommunity Shopping
mall centre
To find the
from the first distance apart
mentioned
place to the
iast, it is
good to draw
a straight line showing the different
distances.
418+325=743 m
Jimmy must walk 743 m from his house to the community
centre.
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Unit 5 Length
Exercise 5
Work out the following sums.
1. Mr Tan used 3 pieces of wires of different lengths for
a project.
Find the total length of the wires he used.
Wire A is 118 cm.
Wire B is 129 cm.
Wire C is 117 cm.
2. A piece of metal wire is bent to form a square of side
69 cm.
Find the length of the metal wire.
69 cm
69 cm 69 cm
69 cm
a O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 5 Langth
3. Arnold had 157 cm of wire.
He used 89 cm of it.
Find the length of wire left.
4. The length of a banner is 254 cm.
117 cm of the banner is painted blue and the rest is
painted red.
Find the length of the banner that is painted red.
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Unit 5 Length
5. Mrs Lee bought 48 m of silk cloth.
She used 29 m of it to make a few blouses.
Find the length of the silk cloth left.
6. 3 girls, Tracy, Fanny and Grace, have a total of
200 cm of ribbon.
Tracy's ribbon is 47 cm long.
Fanny's ribbon is 66 cm long.
How long is Grace's ribbon?
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Unit 5 Lengh
7. Building P is 253 m tall.
Building Q is 174 m tall.
(a) How much taller is Building P than Building Q?
(b) What is the total height of the 2 buildings?
8. String A is 116 cm long, String B is 107 cm long and
String C is 125 cm long.
(a) Find the total length of String A and String B.
(b) How much longer is the total length of String A
and String B than String C?
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Unit 5 Lengh
9. The length of a broom, a feather duster and a mop is
298 cm.
The broom is as long as the mop.
The broom is 120 cm long.
Find the length of the feather duster.
10. Adrian's dog has a body length of 74 cm.
His cat's body length is 27 cm shorter than that of his dog.
(a) What is the length of his cat's body?
(b) What is the total length of the bodies of
Adrian's 2 pets?
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Unit 5 Lengh
11. Nurul is 156 cm tall.
Her twin sister is as tall as she.
Fang Hua is 14 cm taller than Nurul.
What is the total height of the 3 girls?
12. Ray's house is 678 m away from his school.
The church is 936 m away from Ray's school.
How much further is the church from Ray's school than Ray's house?
tducational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 5 length
13. The total length of Ribbon A and Ribbon B is 223 cm.
Ribbon B is 134 cm long.
(a) What is the length of Ribbon A?
(b) How much longer is Ribbon B than Ribbon A?
14. The total height of Siti and Li Min is 332 cm.
(a) If Siti is 177 cm tall, find Li Min's height.
(b) How much taller is Siti than Li Min?
。 O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 5 Langth
15. Ribbon A is 121 cm long.
Ribbon B is 58 cm shorter than Ribbon A and 39 cm
shorter than Ribbon C.
(a) Find the length of Ribbon B.
(b) Find the length of Ribbon C.
16. Clive is 177 cm tall.
Dorian is 16 cm shorter than Clive.
Eldrich is 23 cm taller than Dorian.
(a) How tall is Dorian?
(b) How tall is Eldrich?
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Unit 5 Langth
17. Jun Jie is 15 cm taller than Muthu.
Muthu is 12 cm shorter than Mark.
If Mark is 174 cm tall, find
(a) Muthu's height,
(b) Jun Jie's height.
18. Shawn is 24 cm taller than Adrian.
Adrian is 16 cm shorter than Darryl.
If Darryl is 165 cm tall,
(a) how tall is Adrian?
(b) how tall is Shawn?
”
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Unit 5 Length
19. The length of Ribbon A is 132 cm.
Ribbon B is 28 cm longer than Ribbon A but 22 cm
shorter than Ribbon C.
(a) Find the length of Ribbon B.
(b) Find the length of Ribbon C.
20. Cloth A is 28 cm longer than Cloth B.
Cloth B is 43 cm longer than Cloth C.
If the length of Cloth C is 152 cm, find the
(a) length of Cloth B,
(b) length of Cloth A.
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Unit 5 Length4
21. The total length of strings A, B and C is 394 cm.
The length of String C is 136 cm.
String A has the same length as String C.
(a) Find the total length of String A and String C.
(b) Find the length of String B.
(c) How much longer is String A than String B?
22. The total length of Ribbon A and Ribbon B is 256 cm.
The total length of Ribbon B and Ribbon C is 248 cm. If the length of Ribbon C is
129 cm, find the
(a) length of Ribbon B,
(b) length of Ribbon A,
(c) total length of Ribbon A and Ribbon C.
“
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Unit 5 Langh
23. The total height of Jaya and Leslie is 333 cm.
The total height of Leslie and Ali is 326 cm.
If Leslie is 168 cm tall,
(a) find Jaya's height,
(b) find Ali's height,
(c) find the total height of Jaya and Ali.
24. Dino's school is 458 m away from his house.
Dino has to travel 136 m from his school to his
grandmother's house.
How far is Dino's house from his grandmother's
house?
458 m 136 m
Dino's
house Dino's Grandmother's
school house
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Unit 5 tengh
25. Binod's house is 527 m away from Christopher's
house.
Christopher's house is 269 m away from Dave's house.
How far is Binod's house from Dave's house?
527 m
Binod's
house
Dave's
house
269 m Christopher's
house
26. Gina's house is 248 m away from Tina's house.
Tina's house is 188 m away from Winnie's house.
How far is Gina's house from Winnie's house?
248 m 188 m
Gina's
house
Tina's
house
Winnie's
house
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中
6
2 2
Mass
Example 1
The total mass of Box A and Box B is 389 kg.
If the mass of Box A is 136 kg,
(a) what is the mass of Box B?
(b) how much heavier is Box B than Box A?
Solution
Box B
Box A
?,(a)
136 kg ?,(b)
389 kg
The mass of Box B should be more than 136 kg.
(a) 389-136=253 kg
The mass of Box B is 253 kg.
(b) 253-136=117 kg
Box B is 117 kg heavier than Box A.
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd 97
Unit 6 Mass
Example 2
The total mass of Daniel, Rex and Tim is 178 kg.
Daniel has a mass of 57 kg.
Rex has a mass of 59 kg.
(a) Find the total mass of Daniel and Rex.
(b) Find Tim's mass.
(c) Find the total mass of the heaviest boy and the
lightest boy
Solution
Daniel
Rex
Tim
57 kg
59 kg
?,(b)
2,(o) 178 kg
(a) 57+59=116 kg
The total mass of Daniel and Rex is 116 kg.
(b) 178-116=62 kg
Tim's mass is 62 kg.
(c) 62+57=119 kg
The total mass ofthe heaviest boy and the lightest
boy is 119 kg.
9 ● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 6 Mass
Example 3
The total mass of Container A and Container B is 115 kg.
The total mass of Container B and Container C is 124 kg.
If Container C has a mass of 67 kg,
(a) what is the mass of Container B?
(b) what is the mass of Container A?
Solution
Container C ?,(a) Container B
67 kg
124 kg
?,(b) Container AContainer B
115 kg
(a) 124-67=57 kg
The mass of Container B is 57 kg.
(b) 115-57=58 kg
The mass of Container A is 58 kg.
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Unit 6 Mass
Example 4
The mass of Sack A is 58 kg.
Sack B is 26 kg lighter than Sack A but 27 kg heavier than
Sack C.
(a) Find the mass of Sack B.
(b) Find the mass of Sack C.
(c) What is the total mass of the three sacks?
Solution
58 kg
Sack A 26 kg
Sack B 27 kg
?,(a)
Sack C
?,(b)
?,(c)
(a) 58-26=32 kg
The mass of Sack B is 32 kg.
(b) 32-27=5 kg
The mass of Sack C is 5 kg.
(c) Total mass of sacks A and B—→58+32
=90 kg
90+5=95 kg
The total mass of the three sacks is 95 kg.
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Unit 6 Mass
Example 5
Baker Leeused up 14kg of flour and bought another 25 kg
of flour. In the end, he had 94 kg of flour.
How many kilograms of flour did he have at first?
Solution
Working backwards
?
-14 kg +25 kg94 kg
69+14=83 kg
(Step 2)
94-25=69 kg
(Step 1)
Check:83-14=69 kg
69+25=94 kg
He had 83 kg of flour at first.
O Educational PublishingHouse Pte Lud
Unit 6 Mass 4
Example 6
Tom had a mass of 56 kg.
Sam was 14 kg heavier than Tom.
(a)) Find Sam's mass.
(b) When Tom's mass increased by 9 kg and Sam's mass reduced by 9 kg, who became
heavier?
By how much?
Solution
(a) Tom 56 kg
Sam 14 kg
?
56+14=70 kg
Sam's mass was 70 kg.
(b) Tom 56 kg 9 kg
Sam
9 kg
70 kg
Tom's mass in the end—→56+9 = 65 kg
Sam's mass in the end—→70-9 = 61 kg
65-61=4 kg
Tom became heavier than Sam by 4 kg.
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Unit 6 Mass
Example 7
Justin had a mass of 67 kg.
He was 8 kg heavier than Wilson.
(a) Find Wilson's mass.
(b) IfWilson's mass was reduced by 5 kg, what was his
mass in the end?
Solution
At first
67 kg
Justin 8 kg
Wilson
?,(a)
In the end
Wilson 5 kg
?,(b)
(a) 67-8=59 kg
Wilson's mass was 59 kg.
(b) 59-5=54 kg
His mass was 54 kg in the end.
● Fducational Puhlishing House PteLtd 103
Unlt 6 Mass
Exercise 6
Work out the following sums.
1. Zhi Wei and Zarta have a total mass of 95 kg.
If Zhi Wei's mass is 57 kg,
(a) find Zarta's mass,
(b) find how much heavier is Zhi Wei than Zarta.
2. The total mass of Adriano, Brit and Conway is 188 kg.
Adriano has a mass of 66 kg.
Brit has a mass of 73 kg.
(a) Find the total mass ofAdriano and Brit.
(b) What is Conway's mass?
(c) How much heavier is Brit than Conway?
网 O Educational Publishing House Pte Ld
Unit 6 Mass
3. The total mass of Box A and Box B is 134 kg.
The total mass of Box B and BoxC is 142 kg.
If the mass of Box C is 66 kg, find the
(a) mass of Box B,
(b) mass of Box A.
4. The total mass of Jonathan and Leon is 122 kg.
The total mass of Clifford and Leon is 132 kg.
If the mass of Clifford is 70 kg, find
(a) Leon's mass,
(b) Jonathan's mass,
(c) the total mass of Jonathan and Clifford.
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ld 105
Unit 6 Mass
5. Ronald and Shayne have a total mass of 114 kg.
Shayne and James have a total mass of 126 kg.
If Shayne has a mass of 59 kg, find
(a) James' mass,
(b) Ronald's mass,
(c) the total mass of Ronald and James.
6. Raj bought 36 kg of rice and 19 kg of sugar.
(a) How much heavier was the rice than the sugar?
(b) What was the total mass of the rice and the
sugar?
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Unit 6 Mass
7. The mass of Renfred is 67 kg.
He is 18 kg heavier than Siti.
(a) What is the mass of Siti?
(b) What is the total mass of Renfred and Siti?
8. Nadia's mass is 46 kg.
She is 17 kg lighter than Aminah.
(a) Find Aminah's mass.
(b) Find the total mass of Nadia and Aminah.
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Unit 6 Mass
9. Gerald's mass is 64 kg.
He is 15 kg heavier than Howie.
(a) Find Howie's mass.
(b) Find the total mass of Gerald and Howie.
10. A dog has a mass of 68 kg. A monkey is 29 kg lighter than the dog but 25 kg
heavier than a cat.
(a) Find the mass of the monkey.
(b) Find the mass of the cat
0
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Unit 6 Mass
11. Muthu is 8 kg lighter than Luke.
Luke is 12 kg lighter than Mark.
If Mark has a mass of 72 kg,
(a) find Luke's mass,
(b) find Muthu's mass.
12. Royson is 9 kg lighter than Leonard.
Leonard is 11 kg heavier than Mike
If Mike has a mass of 56 kg,
(a) find Leonard's mass,
(b) find Royson's mass.
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Unlt 6 Mass
13. The mass of a packet of sugar is 335 g.
The mass of a packet of flour is 587 g heavier than
the packet of sugar and 278 g heavier than a packet
of pepper.
(a) Find the mass of the packet of flour.
(b) Find the mass of the packet of pepper.
14. Charles has a mass of 67 kg.
David is 7 kg heavier than Charles and 12 kg heavier than Eugene.
(a) Find David's mass.
(b) Find Eugene's mass.
"
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Unit 6 Mass
15. Isaac has a mass of 65 kg.
He is 8 kg heavier than Jacob.
Jacob is 9 kg heavier than Joshua.
(a) Find Jacob's mass.
(b) Find Joshua's mass.
(c) Find the total mass of the three boys.
16. Garene has a mass of 43 kg.
She is 5 kg lighter than Fiona but 4 kg heavier than Esther.
(a) Find Fiona's mass.
(b) Find Esther's mass.
(c) Find the total mass of the three girls.
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Unit 6 Mass
17. Mrs Chan used up 17 kg of sugar and bought another
20 kg of sugar.
She found that she had 48 kg of sugar in the end.
How many kilograms of sugar did she have at first?
18. Miss Tan and Miss Lim had 347 g and 358 g of flour
respectively. If Miss Tan bought 240 g of flour while Miss Lim used
58 g of flour, who had more flour in the end?
By how much?
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Unit 6 Mas
19. Brandon had a mass of 59 kg.
He was 5 kg heavier than Dorian.
If Dorian's mass was increased by 4 kg, what was their
total mass in the end?
20. Container Aand Container B contained 450 gand 380 g
ofcoffee powder respectively.
If Mr Lee used 80 g of coffee powder from
Container A and poured in another 80 g of coffee
powder into Container B, what was the total mass of coffee powder in the containers
in the end?
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2 2
Unit 7 Money
Example 1
Farhan had $56 more than Aida.
Aida had $28 less than Charles.
If Charles had $86,
(a) how much money did Aida have?
(b) how much money did Farhan have?
Solution
?,(b)
Farhan 556
Aida
?,(a)
Charles 528
$86
(a) $86-$28=$58
Aida had $58.
(b) $58+$56=$114
Farhan had $114.
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 7 Money
Example 2
Johnson had $47 more than Dino.
After Johnson spent $25, how much more money did
Johnson have than Dino?
Solution
547
Johnson ? 525
Dino spent
$47-$25= $22
Johnson had $22 more than Dino.
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Unit 7 Money
Example 3
Carol bought a dress for $49 and a blouse for $39.
(a) How much did the two items cost?
(b) If Carol paid the cashier with 2 fifty-dollar notes, how
much change did Carol get?
Solution
(a) dress blouse
549 539
?
$49+$39=$88
The two items cost $88.
(b) Value of 2 fifty-dollar notes—→$50+$50
=$100
$100
588 ?
$100-$88=$12
Carol got $12 change.
m O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 7 Money
Example 4
Ahmad, Benson and Christopher shared a dinner bill.
The bill was $94.
Ahmad paid $38 and Christopher paid $28.
(a) How much did Ahmad and Christopher pay in total?
(b) How much did Benson pay?
Solution
594
$38 528
Ahmad Christopher
?,(a)
Benson
?,(b)
(a) $38+$28=$66
Ahmad and Christopher paid $66 in total.
(b) $94-$66=$28
Benson paid $28.
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Unit 7 Me
Example 5
Mrs Wong has 8 pieces of two-dollar and ten-dollar notes in
her purse.
Thetotal value of all the notes is $40.
How many pieces of ten-dollar notes does Mrs Wong have?
Solution
Using guess and check
Number of Value of Numberof Value of
ten-dollar ten-dollar two-dollar two-dollar Total value Check
notes notes notes notes
6×$10 2×52 560+$4 6 2 X =$60 = 54 =$64
$50+$6 5×$10 3×$2 5 3 X =56 =$56 =$50
4×$10 4×$2 $40+$8 4 4 X =$40 =$8 =$48
③ 3×$10 5×$2 530+$10 5 √ =$30 =$10 = $40
From the table,
Mrs Wong has 3 pieces of ten-dollar notes.
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Unit 7 Money
Example 6
Leonard had $57 and Marcus had $49.
(a) How much more money did Leonard have than
Marcus?
(b) How much money must Leonard give to Marcus so
that each of them would have the same amount of
money?
Solution
557
Leonard
Marcus
?,(a)
$49
?,(b)
For both of them
to have the same
amount of money, they would have to share the difference equally.
(a) $57-$49=$8
Leonard had $8 more than Marcus.
(b) $8÷2=$4
Leonard must give $4 to Marcus.
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“
Unit 7 Money
Example 7
James saved $1 on the first day, $3 on the second day, $5 on
the third day and so on.
How much did he save on the seventh day?
Solution
Look for a pattern
Start off by finding the difference between the
amount saved on
2 consecutive days.
1stday 2nd day3rd day
51 $3 55
4th day
57
5th day
$9
6th day
$11
7th day
?
+$2 +52 +52 +52 +$2 +52
$11+$2=$13
He saved $13 on the seventh day.
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Unit 7 Money
Example 8
3 apples cost as much as 2 pears.
Each pear cost $1.
How much would 15 apples cost?
Solution
3 apples
2 pears
$1
Since 3 apples correspond to
2 pears, 3 apples cost $2.
Cost of 1 pear —→$1
Cost of 2 pears —→2×$1
= $2
Cost of 3 apples = Cost of 2 pears
×5(Cost of 3 apples—→$2×5 Cost of 15 apples- $10^
15 apples would cost $10.
Educational Publishing House Pte Lrd
Unlt 7 Mony
Example 9
Rashid gave his brother $15.
His mother gave him $20.
He had $50 in the end.
How much money did Rashid have at first?
Solution
Working backwards
?
-515 +520→$50
530+515=545
(Step 2)
550-520=530
(Step 1)
Check: $45-$15=$30
$30+$20=$50
Rashid had $45 at first.
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Exercise 7
Work out the following sums.
1. Gopal saved $87.
Xinqi saved $20 less than Gopal.
How much did Xinqi save?
2. Ronald had $9.
Terrence had $6 less than Ronald.
How much money did Terrence have?
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Unit 7 Money
3. Jing Wen and Siti had a total of $77.
If Jing Wen had $29,
(a) how much money did Siti have?
(b) how much more money did Siti have than
Jing Wen?
4. Clifford and Daniel have $96 altogether.
(a) If Clifford has $58, how much does Daniel have?
(b) Who has less money?
How much less?
网 O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 7 Money
5. Amirah bought a bag for $11 and a pencil case for $3.
(a) How much did the two items cost?
(b) How much more did the bag cost than the
pencil case?
6. Fedrick had $88.
Gary had $69.
(a) How much less money did Gary have than
Fedrick?
(b) How much money did they have altogether?
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Unit 7 Money
7. Ali spent $67.
Bing Hui spent $17 less than Ali and $26 less than
Chris.
(a) How much did Bing Hui spend?
(b) How much did Chris spend?
8. Gerald had $6 more than Henry.
After Henry saved another $4, how much more money
did Gerald have than Henry in the end?
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Unit 7 Morey
9. Anita had $20 more than Bala.
If Anita gave $15 to Bala, who had more money?
How much more?
10. Aaron bought a jersey for $69 and a pair of shoes for
$81.
(a) How much did the jersey and the pair of shoes
cost altogether?
(b) If Aaron had $50 left after buying the two
items, how much money did he have at first?
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Unit 7 Money
11. A walnut cake cost $8 and a tart cost $1.
(a) Find the total cost of the walnut cake and the
tart.
(b) June had $5.
How much more money did she need to buy the
cake and the tart?
12. A polo T-shirt costs $37.
A round-neck T-shirt costs $8 less than the polo
T-shirt.
(a) How much does the round-neck T-shirt cost?
(b) Mike buys 2 round-neck T-shirts.
How much does he pay for them?
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Unit 7 Money
13. Jaya bought a shirt for $47 and a belt for $38.
(a) How much did he spend in all?
(b) If he gave the cashier 2 fifty-dollar notes, how
much change did he get?
14. Kai Wen saved $98 from Thursday to Saturday.
He saved $29 on Thursday and $37 on Friday.
(a) How much did he save on Thursday and Friday?
(b) How much did he save on Saturday?
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Unit 7 Money
15. Jeslyn saved a few pieces of two-dollar and five-dollar
notes.
She saved a total of 11 pieces of notes.
If she saved $40 in all, how many pieces of five-dollar
notes did she save?
16. Kai Li had $92 and Calvin had $82.
(a) How much more money did Kai Li have than
Calvin?
(b) How much money must Kai Li give to Calvin
so that each of them would have the same
amount of money?
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Unit 7 Money
17. Gloria saved $2 on the first day, $4 on the second day,
$6 on the third day and so on.
How much did she save on the tenth day?
18. Raju saved $1 on the first day, $2 on the second day,
$4 on the third day and $7 on the fourth day.
How much did he save on the fifth day?
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Unit 7 Money
19.5 mugs cost as much as a jug.
A jug cost $5.
How much would 15 mugs and 2 jugs cost?
20. Georgina spent $28 on a dress.
Her mother gave her $50.
She had $90 in the end.
How much did Georgina have at first?
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3
2 2
unit 和…的 8 Fractions
Example 1
A loaf of bread was shared equally among 7 boys.
Francis, Gary, Henry and Ivan took their share.
(a) What fraction of the loaf of bread did the 4 boys
take?
(b) What fraction of the loaf of bread was left for the
rest of the boys?
Solution
Francis Gary Henry Ivan left
(a) From the diagram,
4
the 4 boys took , of the loaf of bread.
(b) From the diagram, 3
- of the loaf of bread was left for the rest of the
7
boys.
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd 133
Unit 8 Fraclons
Example 2
Doris baked a pie and shared it equally with her 3 friends.
What fraction of the cake did each friend get?
Solution
Doris and 3 friends = 4 people
The item can also be drawn as a
Emphasis must be made to ensure
rectangular diagram.
that the blocks (units)are of thesame size if they are shared equally.
From the diagram,
ech friend got of the coke.
m O Educational PublishingHousePte Ltd
Unit 8 Factons
Example 3
Nurul used 4 of the flour tobake cakes and of the flour
to bake cookies.
She gave her neighbour the rest of the flour.
(a) What fraction of the flour did she use to bake the
cakes and cookies?
(b) What fraction of the flour did she give to her
neighbour?
Solution
?,(a)
47 27 ?,(b)
cakes cookies neighbour
(a) +3=号
She used , of the flour to bake the cakes and cookies.
(b) 7-6=号
She gove of the flour to her neighbour.
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Unit 8 Fradions、
Exercise 8
Work outthe following sums.
1. Ali has a total of 5 yellow beads and red beads in a
can.
2 of the beads are red and the rest are yellow.
What fraction of the beads in the can are yellow?
2. A cake was cut into 8 equal slices.
Alan ate 2 slices.
Martin ate 2 slices.
Peter ate 1 slice.
What fraction of the cake was left?
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Unit 8 Fractions
3. Suresh bought a chocolate cake.
He cut it equally into 5 slices.
He ate 2 slices and gave 1 slice to his friend.
What fraction of the chocolate cake was left?
4. There are 7 groups of pupils in a competition.
3 groups did not make it to the finals.
What fraction of the groups of pupils made it to the
finals?
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Unit 8 Factions A
5. There are 9 members in Mr Tan's family.
5 family members do not wear spectacles.
What fraction of the family members wear
spectacles?
6. There are 8 children in a classroom.
5 of them are girls.
What fraction of the children in the classroom are
boys?
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7. There are 10 people in a restaurant.
4 of them are children and the rest are adults.
What fraction of the people in the restaurant are
adults?
8. A pizza was shared equally among 6 children.
What fraction of the pizza did Randy and Terrence
get?
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Unit 8 Facions
9. Janet baked a pie. She cut the pie equally into 7 pieces.
Janet ate 1 piece of the pie.
She gave the rest of the pie equally to her 3 friends.
What fraction of the pie did each friend get?
10. Hui Ping bought a cake.
She cut the cake equally into 8 slices.
Hui Ping gave her sister 2 slices.
She shared the rest equally with 2 of her friends.
What fraction of the cake did each of her friends get?
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Unit 8 Fradlons
11. Mother cuts a watermelon equally into 4 parts.
John eats 1 part of the watermelon and his brother
eats 2 parts of it.
(a) Who eats more?
(b) What fraction of the watermelon is left?
12. What fraction when added to , makes a whole?
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Unit 8 Fadions
13. Tommy spent - of his money.
What fraction of his money was left?
14. Ryan wanted to buy a badminton racket.
He only saved up to of the price of the racket.
What fraction of the price of the racket did he need
to save?
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Unit 8 Fracions
of the total number of vehicle at a car park are 15.
lorries.
If the rest ofthe vehicles are cars, what fraction of
the vehicles are cars?
16. Madam Chang cut a cake into slices.
Jane and Emilia ate ofthe cake.
What fraction of the cake was left?
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Unit 8 Fadtions
17. Noel shared a chocolate bar with his 4 friends.
Only Noel and 2 of his friends took their share.
What fraction of the chocolate bar was not taken?
18. Ling Ling had some candies. She ate of the candies.
What fraction of the candies did she have left?
M O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit B Factions
19. Mr Tan gave his son of his money, his daughter
of his money and kept the rest for himself.
(a) What fraction of his money did he give to his
children?
(b) What fraction of his money did he keep for
himself?
20. Faridah usedof the ribbon to tie Present A and 9
of the ribbon to tie Present B.
She gave the rest of the ribbon to her sister.
(a) What fraction of the ribbon did she use to tie
the presents?
(b) What fraction of the ribbon did she give to her
sister?
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犹物中犹臣
Unit 9
2 2
Time
Example 1
Simon invited his friends over to play computer games.
His friends arrived at 1 o'clock and stayed for 1 hour.
At what time did Simon's friends go home?
Solution
1h
111
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 6
5
11
10
9
8
7 6
1
2
3
4
5
Simon's friends went home at 2 o'clock.
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关注微信 105364680 Unit 9 Tme
Example 2
Eugene and Freddy played for 30 minutes before they
stopped for dinner at 6 p.m. At what time did theystart playing?
Solution
Counting backwards
11 1
10
30 min 9
8
7 6
1
2
3
4
5
11 12
10
9
8
7
2
3
4
5
They started playing at 5.30 p.m.
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 9 Time
Example 3
Eric took his nap 1 hour after noon.
He woke up at 1.30 p.m.
(a) At what time did he take his nap?
(b) How long was his nap?
Solution
(a) 1 h
11
10
9
8
7 6
1
2
3
5
4
11 华
10 2
3 9
8 4
7
6
5
He took his nap at 1 p.m.
(b)
11 1 1
10 2
9 3
8 4
7
6
5
30 min
1112 1
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 5
His nap was 30 minutes long.
148 O Educational Publishing House Pte Lid
Unit 9 Tme
Exercise 9
Work out the following sums.
1. Sally walks to school every morning.
She leaves her house at 6 a.m.
If she takes 30 minutes to reach her school, at what
time does she reach her school every day?
11
10
9
8
7 6
1
2
3
4
5
2. Joshua went to a workshop with his classmates.
The workshop started at 9 a.m.
If the workshop lasted 1 hour, at what time did it
end?
11
10
9
2
3
8
7
6
4
5
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 9 nme
3. Rick took 1 hour to do his homework.
If he started doing his homework at noon, at what
time did he complete his homework?
11
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 6
5
4. Mei Ting used 30 minutes to finish reading a
magazine.
If she started reading at 11 a.m., at what time did she
complete reading the magazine?
11
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 6
5
0 O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unlt 9 Tme
5. Nurul baked some cookies with her sisters.
They took 1 hour to bake.
If they started baking at 3 o'clock, at what time did
they finish baking?
11 1
2 10
9 3
8 4
7 9 5
6. Raj started to build a sandcastle at 5.30 p.m.
If he took 30 minutes to build the sandcastle, at what
time did he finish building the sandcastle?
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Unit 9 Time
7. Wen Ming started cycling in the park at 6.30 p.m.
He cycled for 1 hour.
At what time did he finish cycling?
11
10
9
2
8 4
5
8. Putra started watching his favourite cartoon show at
1 o'clock.
His favourite cartoon show lasted for 1 hour.
At what time did his favourite cartoon show end?
11
10
9
8
7 6
2
3
4
5
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Unit 9 Tme
9. Susan takes a bus to school every day.
The bus journey takes 30 minutes.
If she reaches her school at 7 a.m., at what time does
she board the bus?
11 1
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 6
5
10. Ming Hua jogs for 30 minutes every day.
If he finishes his jog at 6 p.m. every day, at what time
does he start to jog?
11 1
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 6
5
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Unit 9 Time
11. Bala attends his art class every Tuesday.
His art class ends at 3.30 p.m.
If the lesson lasts for 1 hour, at what time does his art
class start?
1112
2 10
9
8
5
12. Khairul walked from his house to the bus stop.
He took 30 minutes to reach the bus stop.
If he reached the bus stopat 4 p.m., at what time did
he leave his house?
11 1
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 6
5
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关注微信 105364680 Unit 9 Time
13. Yi Ting painted her room with her brother.
They used 1 hour to paint her room. If they finished painting at 7 o'clock, at what
time did
they start painting?
11 1
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 6
5
14. Lisa attended a concert with her friends.
The concert lasted for 1 hour.
If the concert finished at 10 o'clock, at what time did
the concert start?
11 1
10 2
9 3
8 4
7
6 5
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd 155
Unlt 9 Time
15. Mrs Fatimah took 30 minutes to clean her house.
She finished cleaning her house at 12.30 p.m.
At what time did she start cleaning her house?
1112
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 5
16. Mr Toh ate his lunch in the canteen.
He took 30 minutes to finish his lunch.
If he finished his lunch at 2 p.m., at what time did he
start to have his lunch?
11 华
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 6
5
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Unit 9 Tme
17. Darryl started doing his project at 2 o'clock.
He completed his project at 3 o'clock.
How many hours did he take to do his project?
18. Shi Min started cooking dinner at 5 p.m.
She finished cooking dinner at 5.30 p.m.
How long did she take to cook?
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd 157
Unit 9 Time
19. Edward started his journey 1 hour before 2 p.m.
He reached his destination at 2 p.m.
(a) At what time did he start his journey?
(b) How long did he take to complete his whole
journey?
20. Sean started playing computer games 1 hour after
11 a.m.and ended his game at 12.30 p.m.
(a) At what time did he start playing computer
games?
(b) How long did he play the computer games?
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10
2 2
c
Volume
Example 1
There is 39 1of water in Tank A. There is 37 I of water in Tank B.
How much water is there in both tanks?
Solution
Tank A 391 ?
Tank B 371
39+37=76 1
There is 76 1of water in both tanks.
Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd 159
Unit 10 Volume
Example 2
Ting Ting brought 57 l of water to school.
She drank 32 I of water. How many litres of water were left?
Solution
571
321
drank
?
left
57-32=251
25 1 of water was left.
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Unit 10 Voume
Example 3
Sabrina prepared 26 1of lemon tea.
She prepared 17 I less peach tea than lemon tea.
(a) How many litres of peach tea did she prepare?
(b) How many litres of tea did she prepare in all?
Solution
Lemon tea
Peach tea
261
171
?,(b)
The amount of peach tea
should be less than 26 1.
?,(a)
(a) 26-17=91
She prepared 9 lof peach tea.
(b) 9+26=35 1
She prepared 35 l of tea in all.
● Educational Publishing House Pte Lid
Unit 10 Volume
Example 4
Barrels A and B contain a total of 35 1 of water.
Barrel B contains 15 1 more water than Barrel A.
(a) How much water is there in Barrel A?
(b) How much water is there in Barrel B?
Solution
Barrel A
Barrel B
?,(a)
151 351
?, (b)
(a) 2 units —→35-15
=201
1 unit —→20÷2
=101
There is 10 1of water in Barrel A.
(b) 10+15=25 1
There is 25 1 of water in Barrel B.
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Example 5
Tank A contains 35 1 of water.
Tank B contains 29 I of water.
(a) How much more water is there in Tank A than in
Tank B?
(b) How much water must be transferred from Tank A to
Tank B so that both tanks have the same amount of
water?
Solution
Tank A
351
Tank B
?,(a)
291
?,(b)
For both tanks to contain the
same amount of water, they would
have to share the
difference equally.
(a) 35-29=61
There is 6 1more water in Tank A than in Tank B.
(b) 6÷2=31
3 l of water must be transferred from Tank A to
Tank B.
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Unit 10 Volume
Example 6
When 31 of water from Container B was poured into
Container A, both containers had the same amount of water.
How much more water was there in Container B than in
Container A at first?
Solution
After
Container B needs to give 1 unit of its difference to
Container A.
Container A 31
Container B
?
1 unit —→31
2 units —→2×3
=6 1
There was 6 Imore water in Container B than in
Container A at first.
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Unit 10 Volume
Example 7
There was 19 1of water in Tank A and 27 l of water in
Tank B.
When 9 lof water was poured into Tank A and 9 1 of water
was poured out of Tank B,
(a) how much waterwas there in Tank A in the end?
(b) how much water was there in Tank B in the end?
(c) which tank had more water?
How much more?
Solution
?,(a)
Tank A 191 91
Tank B
?,(c)
91
271
?,(b)
(a) 19+9=28 1
There was 28 1 of water in Tank A in the end.
(b) 27-9=181
There was 18 1 of water in Tank B in the end.
(c) 28-18=10 1
Tank A had 10 I more water than Tank B.
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Unit 10 Vokme
Example 8
Pail A contains some water.
Pail B contains thrice as much water as Pail A.
If there is 32 1 of water altogether in the 2 pails, how many
litres of water are there in Pail A?
Solution
Pail A
Pail B
?
321
4 units —→32 1
1 unit —→32÷4
=81
There is 81 of water in Pail A.
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Unit 10 Volume 事
Example 9
5 jugs of water can fill 2 pails.
How many jugs of water are needed to fill 6 pails?
Solution
5 jugs
2 pails
×3(2 pails —→5 jugsx
6 pails —→15 jugs
15 jugs of waterare needed to fill 6 pails.
Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd 6
Unit 10 Volume
_
Exercise10
Work out the following sums.
1. A restaurant served 36 1 of orange juice to its
customers.
If 18 l of orange juice was left, how many litres of
orange juice were there at first?
2. There was 68 I of water in a barrel.
29 I of water was poured out from the barrel.
How many litres of water were left in the barrel?
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Unit 10 Volume 、—
3. Mr Tan sold 54 l of grass jelly drink.
He sold 27 1 less lime juice than grass jelly drink.
How many litres of lime juice did Mr Tan sell?
4. Container A has 38 1 of water.
Container B has 9 I less water than Container A.
(a) Find the amount of water in Container B.
(b) What is the total amount of water in the two
containers?
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Unit 10 Volume
5. Tank A contained 43 1 of water.
Tank B contained 16 I less water than Tank A.
(a) Find the amount of water in Tank B.
(b) What was the total amount of water in the two
tanks?
6. Tanks P and Q contain 24 I of water altogether.
Tank P contains 6 I more water than Tank Q.
How much water is there in Tank Q?
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7. Buckets A and B contain a total of 22 1of water.
Bucket A contains 81 more water than Bucket B.
How much water is there in Bucket B?
8. Buckets P and Q contain a total of 28 1of oil.
Bucket P contains 81more oil than Bucket Q.
(a) How much oil is there in Bucket Q?
(b) How much oil is there in Bucket P?
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Unit 10 Woume
9. Tank X and Tank Y contain a total of 25 1of water.
Tank X contains 7 I more water than Tank Y.
(a) How much water is there in Tank Y?
(b) How much water is there in Tank X?
10. Tank X contains 45 I of oil.
Tank Y contains 27 I of oil.
(a) How much more oil is there in Tank X than in
Tank Y?
(b) How much oil must be transferred from Tank X
to Tank Y so that both tanks have the same
amount of oil?
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Unit 10 Volume
11. Container A contains 70 1 of water.
Container B contains 50 I of water.
(a) How much more water is there in Container A
than in Container B?
(b) How much water must be transferred from
Container A to Container B so that both
containers have the same amount of water?
12. Barrel A contains 84 1 of oil.
Barrel B contains 68 1 of oil.
(a) How much more oil is there in Barrel A than in
Barrel B?
(b) How much oil must be transferred from
Barrel A to Barrel B so that both barrels have
the same amount of oil?
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Unit 10 Volume
13. Container X contains 39 1 of orange juice.
Container Y contains 25 1 of orange juice.
(a) How much more orange juice is there in
Container X than in Container Y?
(b) How much orange juice must be transferred
from Container X to Container Y so that both
containers have the same amount of orange
juice?
14. Container A contains 34l of water.
Container B contains 52 1 of water.
(a) How much more water is there in Container B
than in Container A?
(b) How much water must be transferred from
Container B to Container A so that both
containers have the same amount of water?
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Unit 10 Voume
15. When 6lof water from Tank X was poured into
Tank Y, both tanks had the same amount of water.
How much more water was there in Tank X than in
Tank Y at first?
16. When 8 1 of water from Bucket A was poured into
Bucket B, both buckets had the same amount of water.
How much more water was there in Bucket A than in
Bucket B at first?
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Unlt 10 Voume
17. When 9 lof juice from Container A was transferred to
Container B, both containers had the same amount of
juice.
How much more juice was there in Container A than
in Container B at first?
18. There was 25 I of water in Tank A and 36 1 of water in
Tank B.
When 7 l of water from Tank B was poured into Tank A,
(a) how much water wasthere in Tank A in the end?
(b) how much water was there in Tank B in the end?
(c) which tank had more water?
How much more?
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Unit 10 Voume
19. Tank X contained 14 I more water than Tank Y.
When 9 I of water from Tank Xwas poured into
Tank Y, which tank had more water?
How much more?
20. Container A had 211 more water than ContainerB.
When 15 1 of water from Container A was poured
into Container B, which container had more water?
How much more?
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Unit 10 Volume
21. Tank A contains some water.
Tank B contains twice as much water as Tank A.
If there is 27 I of water in both tanks, how much
water is there in Tank A?
22. Container A contains some oil.
Container B contains 4 times as much oil as
Container A.
If there is 30 l of oil in both containers, how much oil
is there in Container A?
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关注微信 105364680 Unit 10 Wolume
23. 3 jugs of water can fill a pail.
How many pails can be filled by 21 jugs of water?
24. 4 pails of water can fill a tank.
How many tanks can be filled by 24 pails of water?
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Unit 10 Voume
25. 10 glasses can fill 2 jugs.
How many glasses of water are needed to fill 3 jugs?
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5
2
Primay 2
Must Know Maths Problem Sums and
Model Methods Worked Solutions
Unit 1
1.
235
1st week
?
285
2nd week
235+285=520
The total number of poges in the book was 中** 520.
2. ?
128 276 119
morning evening left
Total number of tarts sold — 128+276
=404
404+119=523
4. ?
138 126 117
Andy Benny ColMin
Number of comic books Andy andBenny have
—→138+126
= 264
264+117=381
They have 381 comic books in all.
5. 764
367 ?
fiction non-fiction
764-367=397
She had 523 tarts at first
3.
138
sold
?
56
threw
oway
149
lert
Number of pears sold and thrown away
—→138+56
=194
194+149=343
She had 343 pears at first.
He has 397 non-fiction books.
6.
366
152 ?
X Y
366-152=214
214durians were delivered to Supermarket Y.
7. 121
45 53 ?
blue red block
Total number of blue markers and red markers —45+53
= 98
121-98=23
Winston has 23 black markers.
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Primary 2 Must Kgpw Mathg Problem Sums and Model Maethods
8.
Shoron
TIna
264
87
…:: 11.(a)
143
odults
232
?
children
Number of lucky stars Tina has—→264-87
= 177
232-143=89
There are 89 children ot the theme park.
264+177=441
They have 441 lucky stars in oll.
9. 384
Mei Shan
2,(b) Ali[ 178 2,(o)
(b)
Adults
Children
143
89
?
143-89=54
There are 54 more adults than children at the theme park.
(a)384-178=206
Mei Shan has 206 more stamps than Ali.
12.
Children
Adults 7
558
489
(b)384+178=562 558-489=69
……·
The total number of stamps they have is 562.
10.(a)
179
boys
387
?
girs
There were 69 adults ot the carnival.
13.
Red
Blue
2,(o)
183
129
,(b)
387-179=208
There were 208 girls in the hall.
(a)183-129=54
He has 54 blue beads.
(b) (b) 54+183=237
He hos 237 beods altogether.
208
Girs ?
Boys 179 14.
208-179=29 327
Hens 149
……
.(b) There were 29 more girls than boys in the
hall. Ducks
2,(o)
(a)327-149=178
There are 178 ducks on the farm.
网 O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Worked Solutions
(b)327+178=505
There are 505 fowls on the form oltogether.
15.
Ai[ 66
Adam[ 18
2,(0)
Foriz 13
2,(b)
(a)66+18=84
18.(a)
Mortin
258
? 159
ot finst received
258-159=99
Martin had 99 stickers at first.
(b)
Rlcky 283
left
7
159
gove
Adom scored 84 marks. 283+159=442
(b)84+13=97 Ricky hod 442 stickersot first.
Fariz scored 97 marks.
16. Sivo
Zonal
Alice
56
2,回
7.(b)
27
14
(a)56+27=83
Zainal has 83 ribbons.
(b) 83-14=69
Alice has 69 ribbons.
19.(a)
L Wen
Sandra
left
?
39
give owoy
22 、7 86
Number of stars Li Wen has—→86-39
= 47
47-22=25
ui Wen has 25 starsleft.
(b)
LI Wen
Sandra
25
47
39
22
7
22
17. Dors
Groce
Julie
28
2,(a)
16
17
2,(b)
(o) 28+16=44
Groce has 44hairclips
(b) Number of hairclips Julie has—→44+17
=61
28+44+61= 133
The three girls hove 133 haircllps
altogether.
Number of stars Sandra has in the end —→39+22
=61
61-25=36
Sandro has 36 more stors than Li Wen in
the end.
20.
Luther 82
Julian 37
7,(@)
(a)82-37=45
7.(b)
Julian collected 45 ice cream sticks over
thefew weeks.
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd 10
Prlmary 2 Most Know Maths Problem Sums and Model Methods
(b) 82+82=164
……
24.
24
Luther and Julian had 164 icecream sticks
altogether in the end.
Y Ming [ 4
Yi Ming'sage 4 years ogo—24-4
= 20 years 21. In the end 98
20 49 Yi Ming 5 left recelved ?
Fobian At firnt 7
36 Fabian's oge 4 years ago —20-5 ;
= 15 yeors left gove
Number of game cards Charran hod left →98-49
=49
20+15=35 years
Their totol age 4 yeors ago was 35 years old.
49+36=85
Charran had 85 game cards ot first.
Check: 85-36=49
49+49=98
22.
Motthew
39
7
Matthew's oge now—→39-7
= 32 years 32
Motthew 11
Jonah ?
32-11=21 years
Unit 2)
1.(a)
3
7
1 triangle —→3 sides 7 triangles—→7×3
= 21 sides
7 triangles have 21 sides.
(b)
7
3
1 triangle —3 sides
9 triangles→ 9×3
= 27 sides
Jonah is 21 years old now.
23.
Kimu[ 18 6
Kim Li's age in 6 years' time—18+6 = 24 yeors
Johnny 5
Kimu 24
Johnny's oge in 6 years' time —24+5 = 29 years
9 triangles have 27 sides
2.
?
2
1 pupil—→2 storybooks
10 pupils —10×2 = 20 storybooks
10 pupils had to read 20 storybooks altogether
during the school holidoys.
24+29=53 years
Their totol age in 6years' time is 53 years old.
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Worked Solutions
3.(a) ?
7
1 skirt—7 buttons 3 skirts —→3×7
=21 buttons
There are 21 buttons on 3 such skirts
(b) ?
8
1 shirt—→8 buttons
2 shirts —→2×8
= 16 buttons
There are 16 buttons on 2 such shirts.
*中 5.
?
27
3 shelves —→27 storybooks 1 shelf—27÷3
= 9 storybooks
He puts 9 storybooks on each shelf.
6. 18
?
2 boys—→18 erasers 1 boy— 18÷2
=9 erasers
(c) ?
21 16
21+16=37
There are 37 buttons altogether on 3 such skirts and 2 such shirts
4.(o) 7
6
1 boy—→6 comic books
3 boys—3×6 = 18 comic books
3 boys get 18 comic books.
(b)
5
?
1 girl—→5 comic books 2 girls —2×5
= 10 comic books
2 girls get 10 comic books
() ?
18 10
18+10= 28
Eoch boy got 9 erasers.
7. Li Hua+2 friends =3 people
30
?
3 people —→30 cookies 1 person—30÷3
= 10 cookies
Each of them received 10cookies
8. 14
2 2
2 marbles —1 bag
14 marbles —→14÷2
=7bags
He needs 7 bogs.
9.
2
18
2
2 pupils —→1 pizza 18 pupils — 18÷2
=9 pizzas
Sheneeds 9 pizzas.
Thechildren get 28 comic books altogether.
O Educational PublishingHouse Pte Ltd 03
Primary 2 Must Know Maths Problem Sums and Model Methods
10.(o) ?
2
1 plate —2 curry puffs 6 plates →6×2 = 12 curry puffs
Mrs Lee has 12 curry puffs.
(b) 12
3
3 curry puffs—1 plate
12 curry puffs —→12÷3 =4 plates
Sheneeds 4 plates.
曲曲 14. Using guess and check
Numbers Product Sum Check
18,1 18×1=18 18+1=19 X
9,2 9×2=18 9+2=11 X
⑥.3 6×3=18 6+3=9 √
The larger number is 6.
15. Using guess and check
NumberTens Ones Product Check
29 2 9 2×9=18 X
27 2 7 2×7=14 X
2 5 2×5=10
11. Using guess and check I am number 25.
Numbers Product Sum Check
27, 1 27×1=27 27+1=28 X
⑨③ 9×3=27 9+3=12 √
The two numbers are 9 ond 3.
16. Using guess and check
Number Tens Ones Product Check
26 2 6 2 ×6=12 X
28 2 8 2×8=16
12. Using guess and check I am number 28.
Numbers Product Sum Check
24, 1 24×1=24 24-1=23 X
⑧③ 8×3=24 8-3=5
The two numbers are 8 and 3.
17. Using guess and check
Number Tens Ones Product Check
35 3 5 3×5=15 M
37 3 7 3×7=21 X
39 3 9 3×9=27
13. Using guess and check
Numbers Product Sum Check
8+1=9 X 8,1 8×1=8
④.2 4×2=8 4+2=6
I am number 39.
18. Working backwards
+2 ?
x3 27
The larger number is 4. 9×2=18
(Step 2)
27+3=9
(Step 1)
Check: 18+2=9
9 x3=27
The number is 18.
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Worked Solutions
19. Working backwards
×3 ?
×3 9
3+3=1
(Step 2)
9+3=3
(Step 1)
Check:1×3=3
3×3=9
The number is 1.
20. Working backwards
+3 ?
+3 3
9x3=27
(5tep 2)
3×3=9
(Step 1)
Check: 27+3=9
9÷3=3
The number is 27.
Unit 3
1. 80
?
10 schools —→80 pupils
1 school —→80÷10
=8 pupils
There were 8 pupils from each school
2. 36
4 4
4 boys— 1 group 36 boys —36÷4
=9 groups
There are 9 groups of boys
red blue
3.(o) 6 3
7
6+3=9
There are 9 buttons in eoch packet.
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垂垂重 (b)
9
?
1 packet—9 buttons 5 packets —→5×9
=45 buttons
4.
There are 45 buttons in 5 such packets.
32
,(a) 7,(b)
(a) 4 children —32 candies 1 child —→32÷4
=8 candies
Each child got 8 candies.
(b) 1 child—8 candies
2 children—→2×8
= 16 candies
2 children got 16 candies.
5.(o) ?
545
5 children —→545 1 child—→545+5
= $9
A child would save 59 in a week.
(b) 7
59
1 week—59
10 weeks —→ 10×59
= 590
A child would save $90 in 10 weeks.
6.(a) 7
6
1 team —6 girls 5 teams —→5×6
= 30 girls
There are 30 girls in 5 teams.
187
Primary 2 Mut Know Mahs Problem Sums and Model Methods
(b)
4
?
1 team —→4 boys 5 teams —→5×4
=20 boys
重曲心 (b)
54
1 packet—→52
4 packets —→4×$2
= 58
There are 20 boys in 5 teams
7.(a) ?
Mondoy [ 58
She pays 58 forthe balloons.
10.(a) ?
10
1 child —→$8 5 children—→5×58
= $40
4 packs—4×10 1 pack —→ 10 stickers
=40 stickers
She gave S40 to her children on Mondoy
(b)
Tuesdoy 59
?
1 child —$9
5 children —5×$9
=$45
She gove 545 to her children on Tuesday
Shawn buys 40 stickers oltogether
(b) Shown+4 friends =5 people
40
?
5 people —→40 stickers 1 person—→40÷5
= 8 stickers
8.
59
2,(a)
2,(b)
(a)1 skirt—59
5 skirts —→5×59
=545
Each of them gets 8 stickers
11.(a) ?
8
1 shelf—→8 books
5 shelves —→5×8
= 40 books
5 skirts cost 545. There are 40 books altogether.
(b)1 skirt→59
4 skirts —→4×59
= 536
She has $36.
(b) 40
7
4 shelves —→ 40 books 1 shelf —40÷4
= 10 books
9.(a) 7
9
There are 10 books on each shelf.
1 packet—→9 balloons 4 packets —→4×9
=36 balloons
She buys 36 balloons altogether
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Worked Solutions
12.(a)
……* 15.Joan [ 9 ?
4 Patrida
1 box—→4 cream puffs 7 boxes—→7×4 = 28 cream puffs
?
1 unit —→9hairclips
5 units —→5×9
= 45 hairclips Sharon buys 28 cream puffs altogether.
(b) Sharon+3 friends =4 people
28
?
4 people —28 cream puffs
1 person—→28÷4 =7 cream puffs
Eoch of them gets 7 cream puffs.
13.(a) ?
9
1 doy—→9 poges 5 doys —5×9
=45 pages
She will read 45 poges in 5 doys.
(b) 90
9 9
9 pages —→1 day 90 poges —→90÷9 = 10 doys
She needs 10 doys to complete reading the book.
14. James 8
Man
7
1 unit—→8 comicbooks
4 units —→4×8
=32 comic books
Potriciahas 45 hairclips.
16. Using guess and check
Number Mass of Mass of Total of 5-kg 5-kg of 4-kg 4-kg Check mass packets packets
packetpackets
Number
10 10×5 1
1×4 50+4 x = 50 kg =4 kg = 54 kg
9×5 2×4 45+8 9 2 x =8 kg = 53 kg =45 kg
8×5 3×4 40+12 8 3 x =12 kg = 52 kg = 40 kg
7×5 4×4 35+16 7
= 35 kg 4 = 16 kg =51 kg X
6×5 5×4 30+20 ⑥ =30 kg ⑤ =20 kg=50 kgl
From the table,
(a) 6 packets of sugar hod o moss of 5 kg
each.
(b) 5 packets of sugar had a mass of 4 kg
each.
17. Working backwards
x4 ?
x10 80
8+4=2
(Step 2)
80+10-8
(Step 1)
Check: 2×4=8
8×10=80
The number is 2.
Ivan has 32 comic books.
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作作老事
网
Primary 2 Mist Know Maths Problem Sums and Model Methods
18. Working backwards
+4 ?
x10 90
垂 22. 10 oranges(1 set)[
4 soursops(1 sot)
9×4=36
(Step 2)
90+10=9
(Step 1)
10 oranges —→1 set ×4640 oranges —4 sets 2×4
Check: 36÷4=9
9×10=90
The number is 36.
19. 5 comk books(1 set
3 novels(1 set[
5 comic books—→1 set 2×7 *35 comic books —7 sets
1 set—3 novels
7 sets —→7×3
=21 novels
1 set—→4 soursops 4 sets —4×4
= 16 soursops
He will get 16 soursops.
23.5 cheesecokes [ 58[
2.(a)
4 mongo cokes
2,(b)
(a)1 cheesecoke —$8 5 cheesecakes—5×58
=$40
He can buy 21 novels with the same amount of money
20. 4muffins(1 set)
S brownles(1 set
4 muffins—→1 set *4&16 muffins—→4 sets×4
5 cheesecakes cost 540.
(b) 4 mango cakes— 540
1 mango cake—→540÷4
=510
A mango cake costs $10.
24.s comic books
1 set—→5 brownies
4 sets —→4×5
= 20 brownies
She will get 20 brownies.
21. 5cups(1 satT
4 glosses (1 set □
3 novels 510
2,(@)
2.(b)
(a)1 novel—→$10
3 novels —→3×$10
= 530
3 novels cost $30.
5 cups —→1 set ×5A25 cups →5 sets 2×5
1 set—4 glasses 5 sets —→5×4
=20 glasses
(b) 5 comic books —→$30
1 comic book—$30+5
= 56
A comic book costs 56.
He will get 20 glasses.
0
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Worked Solutions
25. Papoyos 52
2,(a)
Durlans
2,(b)
(a)1 papaya —→ 52 8 popayas —→8×52 = 516
8 popoyas cost S16.
(b)4 durians —→ 516 1 durian —→516+4
= $4
A durian costs $4.
26. 4 opples(i set)
2 peors(1 set)
4 apples —→1 set
*520 apples —→5 sets)
……*: 2.
24
7,(b)
5
2,(a)
(a) 1 packet—→ 5 pencils
6 packets —→6×5 =30 penclls
Gina bought 30 pencils.
(b)24+30=54
She had 54 pencils in the end.
3.
9
7,(a)
78
7.(b)
(o)1 cousin —→9 cards
5 cousins —→5×9
= 45 cards
He gives 45 cards to his cousins altogether.
1 set —→2 pears 5 sets —→5×2
=10 pears
(b)78-45=33
He has 33 cards left.
She can buy 10 pears with the same amount of money
Unit 4
1. 2,(o)
9
sold 7,(b)
(a)1 tray—→9 eclairs 5 trays—→5×9
= 45 éclairs
4. 2,(a) lett
7
2.(b)
68
(a)1 friend —7 chocolates
4 friends —→4×7
= 28 chocolates
Alice gave 28 chocolates to her 4 friends.
(b)28+68=96
She had 96 chocolates at first.
He baked 45 eclairs.
(b)45-27= 18
18 éclairs were left.
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……
心
Primary 2 Mist Know Maths Problem Sumsand Model Methods
5.
9
2,(o)
2,(b)
left
46
(b) Darren+3 children =4 children
36
?
(a)1 friend—9 bookmarks
4 friends—→4×9
= 36 bookmarks
4 children —→36 sweets 1 child—→36÷4
=9 sweets
She gave 36 bookmarks to her friends.
(b)36+46=82
She had 82 bookmarks at first.
Eoch child gets 9 sweets 8. Frank 7
27 Gopat 7
6.(a) ?
Bous 6
1 boy—6 stickers
3 boys—3×6 = 18 stickers
2 units —→27-7
=20 stickers
4 unit —→20÷2
=10 stickers
Gopal has 10 stickers.
The boys received 18 stickers.
(b) ?
Girs[ 7
1 girl —→7 stickers
4 girls —→4×7
=28 stickers
Thegirls received 28 stickers.
() ?
18 28
gove left
18+28=46
Mrs Lee gove 46 stickers to the children.
9. Adults
Children [7
15 33
2 units —→33- 15 = 18 people 1 unit—→18÷2 =9 people
There are 9 children in the restourant.
10.
Cheesecokes
2,(b)
13
Strowberry caks
2,(a)
29
7.(a) Joson Adrion Chondro
11 12 13
7
Totol number of sweets Jasonand Adrian
have—11+12
=23
(a)2 units —→ 29-13 = 16 cakes
1 unit—→ 16+2 =8 cokes
There are 8 strawberry cakes in the
confectionery
23+13=36
They hove 36 sweets altogether.
(b) 8+13=21
There are 21 cheesecakes in the
confectionery
m O Educational Publishing House Pte Ld
Worked Solutions
11.
7.(b)
Chickens 8
22
Ducks
2,(问
(o)2 units —→22-8
= 14 fowls
1 unit—14÷2
=7 fowls
There are7 ducks on the farm.
14.Using guess and check
Number Number Number Number Total of of of
goats 90at chlckens of legs legs legs
ot number check chickens
6×4 6×2 24+12 6 6 M =24 -12 =36
7×4 5×2 7 ⑤ 28+10
28 10 =38
From the toble,
there are 5 chickens on Mr Sim's farm.
(b)7+8=15 15. Using guess ond check
There are 15 chickens on the farm.
12. 2.(b)
Steven 39
2,(回)
Tim
55
(a)55-39=16
Number ot Totol Numbertoothpicks Number toothpldks Check used in used in toothpicks
trlangles squores
squares
Number of
of of
triangles used
number of
7×3 7×4 21+28 7 7 X =21 =28 = 49
8×3 6×4 24+24 ⑥ 8
=24 =24 =48
From the toble,
he made 6 squares
Tim has 16 more stamps than Steven.
(b)16÷2=8
Tim must give 8 stamps to Steven.
13. 46
Aaron[
7,0)
Benedic
28 7.(6)
(o)46-28=18
Aaron has 18 more croyons than Benedict.
(b)18÷2=9
Aaron must give 9 croyons to Benedict.
16. Using guess and check
Number Number of NumberNumber of Totot
wheels of of Check trcucles tricycles bkcucles biaudes wheels
of wheels otnumber of
10×3 7×2 30+14 10 7 X =30 14 =44
⑨ 9×3 8×2 27+16 8 =27 =16 =43
From the table,
there are 9 tricycles.
17. Using guess and check
Number Mass Mumber Mass of Totol of copper Chedk iron bolls mass of copper
iron balk
of balls bals
10×5 5×4 50+20 10 5 X =50kg = 20 kg =70kg
9×5 6×4 45+24 ⑥ 9 =45 kg =24kg =69 kg
From the toble,
there are 6 iron balls
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Primary 2 Must Know Maths Problem Sums and Model Methods
18. Working backwards
?
x10 -23 57
垂事 22. Look for a pattern
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 4 8 12 16 2024
80+10=8
(Step 2)
Check: 8×10=80
80-23=57
57+23=80
(Step 1)
+4 +4 +4 44 +4
bond of 20
4+8+12+16+20+24
bond of 20
The number is 8.
19. Working backwards
20+20=40
40+20=60
60+24=84
?
×5 +35 70 James collected 84 ice cream sticks from the first day to the sixth day
35+5=7
(Step 2)
Check: 7×5=35
35+35=70
The number is 7.
70-35=35
(Step 1)
(Unit s
1. ?
118cm 129 cm
Wire A Wire B
117cm
Wre c
20. Look for a pattern
1st doy 2nd doy 3rd doy 4thdoy 5th day 6th day 10 cm 20 cm 30 cm 40 cm 50cm 60cm
+10 +10 +10 +10 +10
60-10=50 cm
The plant had grown 50 cm from the first doy
to the sixth doy
21. Look for o pattern
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th: 4cm 8cm 12 cm 16 cm 20cm 24cm 28cm 32 cm ?
+4 +4 +4 44+4+4+4
32+4=36 cm
The shoot was 36 cm tall on the ninth doy
Total length of Wire A and Wire B
→118+129
=247 cm
247+117= 364 cm
Thetotal length of the wires he used wos
364 cm.
2. ?
69 cm
Total length of a poir of opposite sides of the
square
→69+69 = 138 cm
138+138=276 cm
The length of the metal wire is276 cm
3. 157cm
89 cm
used
?
left
157-89=68 cm
The length of wire left wos 68 cm
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4
4. 254cm
117 cm
blue
?
red
***** 8. 7,(o)
116cm
String A
107cm
String B
254-117= 137 cm
The length of the banner that is painted red is 137 cm.
125 cm
String C 7,(b)
(o) 116+ 107 =223 cm
5. 48m
29 m
used
?
left
The total length of String A ond
String B is 223 cm
(b)223-125=98 cm
48-29=19 m
The length of the silk cloth left was 19 m.
6.
47cm
Trocy
200 cm
66cm
Fonny
?
Groce
The total length of String A and
String B is 98 cm longer than String C.
9. Broom 120 cm
Mop[
Feother duster ?
298 cm
Totol length of Tracys ribbon and Fanny's ribbon
→47+66
= 113 cm
200-113=87 cm
Grace's ribbon is 87 cm long
7.
BuildingP
Bulding o[
253m
174m 7.(b)
2,(o)
(a)253-174=79 m
Building Pis 79 m taller than Building Q.
(b)253+174=427 m
The total height of the 2 buildings is 427 m.
Total length of the broom and the mop 一→120+120
= 240 cm
298-240=58 cm
The length of the feather duster is 58 cm.
10. 74 cm
Dog 27 cm ?,(b) Cat
7.(a)
(o)74-27=47 cm
The length of his cat's body is 47 cm.
(b) 47+74=121 cm
Thetotal length of the bodiesof Adrian's
2 pets is 121 cm.
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Primary 2 Must Know Maths Problem Sums and Modal Methods
11.
Nurul 156 cm
Twin sister
Fong Huo 14cm
Fang Huo's height—156+14
= 170 cm
Total height of Nurul and her twin sister
→156+156
= 312 cm
(b)177-155=22 cm
Siti is 22 cm taller than Li Min.
15.
Ribbo A
121 cm
58 cm
Ribbon B
Ribbonc 7.(回)
2,(b)
39 cm
170+312=482 cm (a) 121-58=63 cm
The total height of the 3 girls is 482 cm. The length of Ribbon B is 63 cm.
12.
Distance between school and church
Distonce between
schoo ondhouse
936m
?
678m
936-678=258 m
The church is 258m further from Ray's school
than Roy's house.
13.
Ribbon A
RibbonB
7.(a)
134 cm
7,(b)
223 cm
(a)223-134=89 cm
(b) 63+39= 102 cm
The length of Ribbon C is 102 cm.
16.
Cive
Dorlan
Eldrich
177 cm
2,(a)
16 cm
2,(b) 23 cm
(a)177-16=161 cm
Dorian is 161 cm tall.
(b)161+23=184 cm
Eldrich is 184 cm tall.
The length of Ribbon A is 89 cm.
(b)134-89=45 cm
Ribbon B is 45 cm longer than Ribbon A.
14.
Siti
U Min
177 cm
2,(a)
332 cm
2,(b)
(a)332-177=155 cm
U Min'sheight is 155 cm.
17.
Mork
Muthu
Jun Jie
174 cm
12an
7.(0)
7,(b)
15cm
(a)174-12=162 cm
Muthu's height is 162 cm.
(b)162+15=177 cm
Jun Jie's height is 177 cm.
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18.
Dornyl
Adron
Shawn
165 cm
2,(a)
2,(b)
16cm
24cm
(a) 165-16= 149 cm
Adrian is 149 cm toll.
(b)149+24=173 cm
Shawn is 173cm toll.
19. Ribbon A
Ribbon a
Ribbon C[
132 cm
2,(a)
2,(b)
28cm
22cm
(a) 132+28=160 cm
The length of Ribbon B is 160 cm.
(b)160+22=182 cm
The length of Ribbon C is 182 cm.
20. Cothc[
Cloth B
Cloth A
152 cm
2,(a)
2,(b)
43 cm
28cm
(a) 152+43= 195 cm
The length of Cloth B is 195 cm
(b)195+28=223 cm
The length of Cloth A is 223 cm
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中事 21. stingc[ 136cm 2,(a)
String A 394cm
j2.(0) StringB[
7,(b)
(a)136+136=272 cm
The total length of String A and
String Cis 272 cm.
(b)394-272= 122 cm
The length of String B is 122 cm.
(c)136-122=14 cm
String A is 14 cm longer than String B.
22. 248 cm
129 cm
Ribbon C
256 cm
Ribbon B
2,(a)
Ribbon A
7,(b)
RibbonB
(a)248-129=119 cm
The length of Ribbon B is 119 cm.
(b)256-119= 137 cm
The length of Ribbon A is 137 cm.
(c)137+129=266 cm
The total length of Ribbon A and
Ribbon C is266 cm
23. 333 cm
168 cm
Leslie
326cm
168 cm
Ali
7,(b)
Leslie
(a)333-168= 165 cm
Jaya's height is 165 cm.
Primary 2 Mst Know Maths Problem Sums and Model Methods
(b)326-168= 158 cm
Ali's height is 158 cm.
中垂
(C) 165+158=323 cm
The total height of Jaya and Ali is 323 cm.
2. Adriono
Brt
Conwoy [
66kg
73kg
2,(b)
2,(0
,(a)
188 kg
24. 458m 136m (a)66+73=139 kg
Dino's
house
7pino's
school Grandmother's house
The total mass of Adriano and Brit
is 139 kg.
458+136=594 m
Dino's house is 594m from his grandmother's
house.
25. 527 m
Binods?
house
Dave's
house 269m Chrlstophers house
527-269=258 m
Binod's house is 258 m from Dave's house.
26. 248m 188m
(b)188-139=49 kg
Conway's mass is 49 kg.
(c)73-49=24 kg
Britis 24 kg heavier than Conwoy
3. 2.(o) Box B BoxC
66 kg
142kg
Box A 2,(b) Box B
Gina's
house
?
Tino's
house
Winnle's
house
248+188=436 m
Gina's house is 436 m from Winnie's house.
(Unit 6
1.
Zhi Wei
Zarto
57kg
2,(a)
2,(b)
95kg
134kg
(o) 142-66=76 kg
The mass of BoX B is 76 kg.
(b)134-76=58 kg
The mass of Box A is 58 kg.
4. eon
Leon
Clifford
70kg
132 kg
7,(b) Jonathan
(a)95-57=38 kg
Zorta's moss is38 kg.
(b) 57-38= 19 kg
He is 19 kg heavier than Zarta.
122kg
(a)132-70=62 kg
Leon's moss is 62 kg.
9 O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
Worked Solutions
(b)122-62= 60 kg
Jonathan's mass is 60 kg.
垂事色
(c) 60+70= 130 kg
The total moss of Jonothan and Clifford
is 130 kg.
5. 3 Shayne
59kg
126kg
7.(b) Shayne Ronald
59kg
114kg
(a)126-59=67 kg
James'mass is 67 kg.
(b)114-59=55 kg
Ronold's mass is 55 kg.
(c)55+67=122 kg
The total mass of Ronold and James is 122 kg.
6.
Rice
Sugor
36kg
19kg 7,(a)
,(b)
(a)36-19= 17 kg
……
The rice wos 17 kg heavier than thesugor.
(a)36+19=55 kg
·…
The total mass of the rice and the sugar wos 55 kg.
7. 67kg
Renfred 18kg ,(b) siti
2,(a)
(a)67-18= 49 kg
(b) 67+49=116 kg
The total mass of Renfred and Sit
is 116 kg.
8. Nodio
Aminah
46kg
17kg
2,(o)
2,(b)
(a)46+17=63 kg
Aminah's mass is 63 kg.
(b)46+63=109 kg
The totol moss of Nodia and Aminah is
109 kg.
9.
Gerald
Howie
64 kg
2,(a)
15kg
7,(b)
(a)64-15=49 kg
Howie's massis 49 kg.
(b)64+49=113 kg
The total mass of Gerald and Howie
is 113 kg.
68 kg 10. Dog 29 kg
Monkey 25kg
7,(a)
Cat
7,(b)
(a) 68-29=39 kg
The mass of the monkey is 39 kg.
(b)39-25= 14 kg
The moss of the cat is 14 kg.
The mass of Siti is 49 kg.
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11.
Muthu
Luke
Mork
7,(b)
2.(回)
8kg]
12kg
72kg
(a)72-12=60 kg
Luke's mass is 60 kg.
(b) 60-8=52 kg
Muthu's mass is 52 kg.
12. 2,(b)
Royson 9kg ?,(o)
Leonard
Mike 56kg i1kg
(a)56+11=67 kg
Leonard's mass is 67 kg.
(b)67-9=58 kg
Royson's mass is 58 kg.
13. Sugor 335 g
587g
Flour 278g
7,(a)
Pepper
2,(b)
14. Charles 67 kg
7,(@)
Dovid 7kg]
12 kg Eugene
2.(b)
……
(o) 67+7=74 kg
David's mass is 74 kg.
(b)74-12=62 kg
Eugene's massis 62 kg.
…………
15. 65kg
Iooc akg
Jocob 9kg 2.(c)
7,(回)
Joshua
2,(b)
(a) 65-8=57 kg
Jacob's moss is 57 kg.
(b)57-9= 48 kg
Joshua's mass is 48 kg.
(c) Total mass of Isoac and Jocob
—→65+57
= 122 kg
122+48= 170 kg
The total mass of the three boysis 170 kg.
(a)335+587=922 g
The mass of the packet of flour is 922 g.
(b)922-278=644 g
The mass of the packet of pepper
is 644 g.
16.
Gorene[
Fiona
Esther
43kg
4kg
7,(a)
5kg] ,(0
2,(b)
(a) 43+5=48 kg
Fiona's mass is 48 kg.
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Worked Solutlons
(b) 43-4=39 kg
Esther's mass is39 kg.
() Totol moss of Garene and Fiona —→43+48
= 91 kg
91+39= 130 kg
The total mass of the three girls is 130 kg.
17. Working backwards
-17kg ?
+20kg 48kg
19.At first
Brandon
Dorian
59 kg
5kg
In the end
Dorian
?
4kg
inceosed
Dorian's massat first —59-5
= 54 kg
28+17=45 kg
(Step 2)
48-20= 28 kg
(Step 1)
Dorian'smass in the end—54+4
=58 kg
Check: 45-17=28 kg
28+20=48 kg
She had 45 kg of sugar at first.
18.
Miss Tan
Mis Uim
?
347g
358g
7
240g
bought
sE
uted
Amount offlour Miss Tan had in the end
—→347+240
= 587 g
Amountof flour MissLim had in the end
→358-58 =300 g
587-300=287 g
59+58=117 kg
Their totol mass was 117 kg in the end.
20. At first
Container A
ContoinerB
450g
380 g
In the end
Container A
Contoiner B
450g
g
used
380g 80g
added
Amount of coffee powder in Contoiner A in the end —→450-80 =370 g
Miss Tan hod 287 g more flour than Miss Lim in the end.
Amount of coffee powder in Container B in the end—380+80
= 460 g
370+460=830 g
The total mass of coffee powder in the contoiners in theend was 830 g.
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Primary 2 Must Know Maths Problem Sums and Model Methods
(Unit 7)
1.
Gopal
Xingi
587
?
520
587-520=567
Xinqi soved S67.
2.
Ronold
Terrence 7
59
56
59-56=53
Terrence hod S3.
3.
Jing Wen
sit
529
7,(a)
7,(b) 577
(a)$77-529=548
Siti had 548.
(b) 548-529=$19
Siti had 519 more than Jing Wen
4. 558
Clifford
596 Daniel 2,(b)
2.(a)
(a) 596-558= 538
Daniel has $38.
(b) 558-$38=520
Daniel has 520 less than Clifford.
事重 5. Pencil cose
Bog
53 2,(b)
511
,(a)
(a) 53+511=514
The two items cost $14.
(b)511-$3=$8
The bag cost $8morethan thepencil case.
6.
Fedrick
Gony
588
569 ?,(b)
7,(a)
(a) 588-569=519
Gary had $19 less than Fedrick.
(b) $88+569=$157
They had $157 altogether.
7. 567
AIi 517
Bing Hui
2,0)
Chris 526
2,(b)
(a) 567-517=$50
Bing Hui spent $50.
(b) $50+526=$76
Chris spent 576.
8. 56
Gerald 7
Heny 54
56-54=$2
Gerald had $2 more than Henry in the end.
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9.
Anito
Bolo
520-$15=$5 515-55=510
520
515
?.
515
Bala had S10 more than Anita
10. 7.(b)
569
Jersey
581
shoes
2,(a)
550
lett
(a)$69+581=5150
………
The jersey and the poir of shoes cost 5150
altogether.
12.(a)
Polo Tshirt
Round-neck T-ahirt
537
?
58
537-58=529
The round-neck T-shirt costs 529.
(b)
529 529
?
529+529=$58
He poys 558 for them.
13. Shirt [ 547
Belt[ 538 7.(a)
(b) $150+550=$200
He hgd 5200 at first
11.(a) 2
58
wolnut coke
s1
tart
58+$1=59
The total cost ofthe wolnut cake and
the tart was $9.
(b) 59
55 ?
59-55=54
She needed $4 more to buy the coke
and the tart.
(a) 547+538= 585
He spent S85 in all.
(b) Volue of 2 fifty-dollar notes
→550+$50
= 5100
5100
585 ?
5100-585=$15
He got 515 change.
14. 598
529 537
Thurndoy Fndoy
7,(o)
Saturdoy
2.(b)
(a) $29+$37=$66
He soved S66 on Thursday and Fridoy
(b) 598-566=532
He saved S32 on Saturday
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Primary 2 Must Know Maths Problem Sums and Modal Mothods
15. Using guess and check
Number Value of Number Value of
of five of two- twonotes notes notes
flvedollar dollar dollar dollar
notes
Totat
value Check
4x55 7×52 520+514 4 7 X =520 -514 -534
5×55 6×52 525+512 5 6 X =525 =512 -537
6×55 5×52 530+510 ⑥ 5
=530 = 510 = 540
From the toble
she saved 6 pieces of five-dollar notes
16.
Koiu
Colvin
592
582
2.何)
2,(b)
19. 5 mugs
1 jug
55
Cost of 1 jug—→55
Cost of 2 jugs —→2×55
= $10
Cost of 5 mugs = Cost of 1 jug
catof s5mu 二 3952 ×3(
515+510=525
15 mugs and 2 jugs would cost $25.
20. Working backwards
(a) 592-582=$10
Kai Li had 510 more than Calvin.
(b) 510÷2=55
?
-528 +550 590
540+528=568
(Step 2)
590-550=540
(Step 1)
Kai Li must give $5 to Calvin. Check: 568-528=540
540+$50=590 17. Look for a pattern
Georgina had S68 ot first 富笑 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Sth 6th 端兴。 doy doy doy doy doy doy
+52 露哭。之缺 心心，心心心心心心心心 Unit 8)
1. 518+52=520
red yellow She soved 520 on the tenth doy
From the diagram,
号 of thebeadsin the canare yellow.
18. Look for a pattern
2. Alon Mortin Peter left
57+54=511
He saved S11 on the fifth doy
From the diagram,
言 of the cake wos left.
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3.
Suresh left
friend
From the diogram,
号 of the chocolote coke wosleft.
4.
did not made itto make it to the finols the finols
**** 9.
Jonet
1 friend
1 friend 1 friend
From the diogram,
each friend got - of the pie.
10. sister Hui Ping
From the diagram,
, of the groups of pupils modeit tothe finols.
5.
do not wear spectocles weor spectocles
From the diagram, of the family members weor pectocles.
1 friend I frlend
From the diagram,
each of her friends got 言 of the cake
11.
let- John
6.
girs boys
From the diagram,
of the children in the clossroom are boys
7.
children adults
From the diagram,
of the people in the restouront ore dults.
8. — Randy
Terrence
brother
(a) From the diogram,
John's brother eats more.
(b) From the diagram,
4 of the wotermelon is left
12.
号 7
号-号=÷
; when odded to 3 mokes a whole.
13.子 ?
From the diagram
Randy and Terrence got of the pizza
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spent left
-号=号
5 ofhis money was left
2053
Primary 2 Must Know Maths Problem Sums and Model Methods
14. ?
19. 2.(o) 7.(b)
saved needed to sove
号-号=号
He needed to sove 3 of the price of the rocket
15. 产 ?
lorres cars
号-号=号
, of the vehicles are cars.
16. 7
Jane ond Emilia left
8-5=言
of the coke wos left.
son doughter for himself
20.
(o)号+号=号
He gove 号 of his money to his children.
(b)号-号=号
He kept} of his money for himself
7,(a) 2.(b)
Present A Present B sister
(o)号+4=
She used , of the ribbonto tie the
presents.
(b)号-7=号
She gave , of the ribbon to her sister
17. Noel 2 trlends ?
Unit 9
token
号-号=号
not token 1.
11Y
10
30 min
i1 12
号 of the chocolate bar wos not token. 5
18. ?
She reaches her school at 6.30 a.m.every day
eaten left
10-1o=7
She hod of the candies left.
2.
1h(
11
710
9
2
5
2
5
10
8
It ended at 10 a.m.
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Worked Solutlons
3.
11
10
7
6
1h
2)
3
5
1X
10
6
5
中 8.
11
10
6
h
2
3
11 1
10 2
3
6
5
He completed his homework at1 p.m. His favourite cartoon show ended at 2 o'dlock
4.
11
10
30 min
1 11 12
10
6
5 7 5
She completed reading the mogozine
at 11.30 a.m.
9.Counting backwards
30 min
110 2
9 3
8
6
5
11 12
10
She boards the bus at 6.30 a.m.
5.
11
10 2
3
Ah 5
to
9
8
They finished baking ot 4 o'cdock.
2)
3
10. Counting backwards
30min
11
10 2
9 3
8
6
5
1t 12
10
6. 30min
11 12
10
9
5 6
He finished building the sandcostle at 6 p.m.
He starts tojog at 5.30 p.m.
11. Counting backwards
1112
10 2)h
3
5
1
10
12 1
2
9
4
5
His art class starts at 2.30 p.m.
7. 12 11
10
8
1h
2
3
11 12
10 2
5
He finished cycling at 7.30 p.m.
12. Counting backwards
30 min
1X1
2 10
3
8
6 5
11 12
10 2
He left his house at 3.30 p.m.
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Primary 2 Must Know Maths Proben Sums and Modl Methods
13. Counting backwards
11
10 2
3
11
10
1h
6
5
They started painting at 6 o'clock.
14. Counting backwards
11 紧 11 紧 1h 10 2 10
9 3
8
7
6
The concert started ot 9 o'clock.
15. Counting backwards
30 min
1112
10 2
3
8
5
11
She started cleaning her house at noon.
16. Counting backwords
30 min
11 1112
10
6
5
8
5
He started to have his lunch ot 1.30 p.m.
208
**** 17. 11 1
10 2 th
3
10 2
3
7
6
5 7
6
5
He took 1 hour to do his project.
18. 30 min
111
10 2
3
8
7 6
5
1112
10 2
She took 30 minutes to cook.
19.(a) Counting backwards
1
10
8
6
1h 1
2
3
5
11
8
He started hisjourney at 1 p.m.
(b)
10
1h
2
3
11
10
6 5 5
He took 1 hour to complete his whole
journey
20.(a) 1h
10 2
11
2)
He started playing computer games at
noon.
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(b)
10
1 1112
10 2
3
7 5
6
30 min
He ployed the computer gamesfor 30 minutes.
*… 5.
Tank A
Tank B
431
161
2,(o)
,(b)
(a)43-16=271
Theamount of water inTank B wos 27 L
Unit 10
1. ?
361
served
36+18=541
181
left
(b)27+43=701
The total amount of water in the two
tanks was 70 L
6. TonkP
Tonk Q ?
61 241
There was 541of orange juice at first
2. 681
291 ?
poured out left
68-29=391
39 I ofwaterwas left in the barrel
3.
Gras jelly drink
Uime julce [
541
271
?
54-27=271
Mr Tan sold 27 1of lime juice
4. 381
Contoiner A
Container a
2,(a)
(a)38-9=291
97
2,(b)
The amount of water in Container B is
291.
(b)38+29=671
The total amount of water in the two
containers is 67 L
2 units —24-6
=181 1 unit—→18+2
=91
There is 91 of water in Tank Q
7. BucketA
Bucket B
81
?
221
2 units —22-8
= 141 1 unit—→14÷2
=71
There is 7I of water in Bucket B.
8. 7,(b)
BucketP 81
Bucket Q
7,(o)
(a)2 units →28-8
= 201
1 unit—20+2 = 101
281
There is 10 1of oil in Bucket Q.
(b)10+8=181
or
28-10= 181
There is 18 1 of oil in Bucket P.
O Educational Publishing House Pte Lid 209
Primary 2 Must Know Maths Problem Sums and Model Methods
9.
TonkX
Tonk Y
2,(b)
71
7,(o)
251
(a)2 units —→25-7
= 181 1 unit—18÷2 =91
There is 97of water in Tank Y.
(b) 9+7=161
or
25-9= 161
There is 16 1 of water in Tank X.
10.
TankX
Tonk Y
451
271
2,(a)
2,(b)
(a)45-27= 181
12.
Barrel A
Barrel B
841
681
7.(a)
2.(b)
(a)84-68= 161
There is 16 I more oil in Barrel A than in Borrel B.
(b)16÷2=81
8 1 of oil must be transferred from
Barrel A to Barrel B.
13.
Contoinerx
Contoiner Y
391
251
2.(a)
7,b)
(o)39-25=141
There is 14 Imore orange juice in
Container X than in Container Y.
There is 18 I more oil in Tank X than in
Tank Y.
(b)18÷2=91
(b)14÷2=71
7 1 of orange juice must be transferred
from Container Xto Container Y.
9 1of oil must be transferred from
Tank Xto Tank Y.
11.
Container A
Contoner B
701
501
2.(o)
2,(0b)
(a)70-50=201
14.
Contoiner A
ContainerB
341 2.(b)
2.(o)
521
(a)52-34=181
There is 18 1 more water in
ContainerB than Container A.
There is 20 1 more water in Container A
than in Container B.
(b)20÷2=101
(b)18+2=91
9 1 of woter must be transferred from Contoiner B to ContainerA.
10 I of woter must be transferred from Container A to Container B.
210 ● Educational Publishing House Pte Lid
关注微信 105364680 Worked Solutions
15. After
TonkX
TonkY
?
6
(b)36-7=291
There was 29 I of water in Tank B
in the end.
(c)32-29=31
1 unit—→61
2 units —→2×6
= 121
** There was 12 1 more water in Tank X than in Tank Y at first
Tank A had 3 1more water than
Tank B.
19.
Tonk×
141
??
16. After
Bucket A
7
BucketB 81
1 unit —→81
2 units —→2×8
= 161
There was 16 Imore woter in Bucket A than in Bucket B at first
17. After
Container A
?
TankY 7
97
14-9=51
9-5=41
Tank Y had41 more water than Tank X.
20.
Container A
211
.15!
Contoiner B ?
151
21-15=61
15-6=91
Contoiner B 97
1 unit—91
2 units —2×9
=181
There wos 181more juice in Contoiner A than in Contoiner B at first.
18.
Tank A
Tank B
2.(0)
251
367
2.(b)
立
2(0
2
Container B had 9 Imore water than
Container A.
21. Tank A
TankB
?
271
3 units —271 1 unit—27+3
=91
There is 91of water in Tank A.
(a)25+7=321
There was 32 1of water in Tank A
in the end.
O Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd 211
Primary 2 Must Know Maths Problem Sums and Model Methods
22.
ContolnerA
Contoiners
?
301
****
5 units —→301
1 unit—30÷5
=61
There is 6 I of oil in Container A.
23.
3 jugs
1 poit [
×(23jugs 二 7pils2
7 pails can be filled by 21 jugs of water.
24. 4 palls
1 tonk
6 tonks can beflld b 6 tanks can be flled by 24 pails of water.
25. 10 glasses
2 Jugs
……
重重垂事事垂垂垂垂事表准 ……
2 jugs—→10 glasses
1 jug—10÷2 = 5 glosses
3 jugs—→3×5
=15 glasses
…………………………………
15 glasses of woter are needed to fill 3 jugs
● Educational Publishing House Pte Ltd
22
MUSf kNOW MaThS PRObleM SUMS aND MODeL MerhooS
is a series of six books written in accordance with the latest Primary
Mathematics Sylabus issued by the Ministry of Education to expose
pupils to commonly-tested problem sums, including non-routine
problem sums. Gaining familiarity in mathematical problem-solving,
pupils will develop confidence and competence in their
preparation for tests and examinations in schools, and eventually
the PSLE examination.
Worked examples with model drawings and useful tips, where
applicable, are included to illustrate the techniques in
problem-solving and the mathematical concepts involved. Full
worked solutions for al the sums are also provided to facilitate
self-checking and independent learning.
ISBN 978-981-4512-98-5
wwwaeph.com.s9
Bhorahpnal Pdlishing Hnise Fen
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