Designation: D 6155 – 97

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS

100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM

Standard Specification for

Nontraditional Coarse Aggregates for Bituminous Paving
Mixtures1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6155; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope D 693 Specification for Crushed Aggregate for Macadam

1.1 This specification covers the use of coarse aggregates Pavements3
not traditionally used in bituminous paving mixtures. These D 1139 Specification for Single or Multiple Bituminous
nontraditional aggregates can be described as any aggregate Surface Treatments3
other than those described in Specifications D 692, D 693, D 2489 Test Method for Degree of Particle Coating of
D 1139, and D 5106, (crushed stone, crushed hydraulic-cement Bituminous-Aggregate Mixtures3
concrete, crushed blast-furnace slag, steel furnace slag, and D 3319 Test Method for Accelerated Polishing of Aggre-
crushed gravel) suitable for use in bituminous paving mixtures, gates Using the British Wheel3
as described in Specifications D 3515 or D 4215. D 3398 Test Method for Index of Aggregate Particle Shape
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the and Texture3
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for D 3515 Specification for Hot-Mixed, Hot-Laid Bituminous
information only. Paving Mixtures3
D 3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction
2. Referenced Documents Materials3
2.1 ASTM Standards: D 4215 Specification for Cold-Mixed, Cold-Laid Bitumi-
C 29/C 29M Test Method for Unit Weight and Voids in nous Paving Mixtures3
Aggregate2 D 4792 Test Method for Potential Expansion of Aggregates
C 88 Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of from Hydration Reactions3
Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate2 D 5106 Specification for Steel Slag Aggregates for Bitumi-
C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete nous Paving Mixtures4
Aggregates2 D 5711 Test Method for Adherent Fines3
C 131 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small- 2.2 U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Standards:
Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion, and Impact in the Los SW846 1311 EPA Test Method, Toxicity Characteristic
Angles Machine2 Leaching Procedure5
C 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse 3. Terminology
Aggregates2
C 142 Test Method for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles in 3.1 Definitions—For defining aggregate types, see Descrip-
Aggregates2 tive Nomenclature C 294, and Terminologies C 125 and D 8.
C 294 Descriptive Nomenclature of Constituents of Natural
4. Ordering Information
Mineral Aggregates2
D 8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave- 4.1 Orders for the material under this specification shall
ments3 include the following information:
D 75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates3 4.1.1 The specification designation and year of issue,
D 448 Classification for Sizes of Aggregate for Road and 4.1.2 The size number as given in Classification D 448 or
Bridge Construction3 grading to be furnished,
D 692 Specification for Coarse Aggregate for Bituminous 4.1.3 The quantity required,
Paving Mixtures3 4.1.4 Use of the coarse aggregate, whether for conventional
mixtures or open-graded friction course mixtures (see 5.3 and
5.4), and whether for surface courses or base courses,
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-4 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.50 on
4
Aggregate Specifications. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.04.
5
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 1997. Published April 1998. Available from Department of Commerce, National Technical Information
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. Center, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22151. Order Number: EPASW-
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03. 846.3.3.

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 D 6155
4.1.5 In case of sulfate soundness tests, which salt is to be than 40 % for surface courses or 50 % for base courses (see
used, Note 4).
4.1.6 Any angularity requirements, and
NOTE 4—Coarse aggregate failing to meet the requirements of 5.5 or
4.1.7 Any special requirements. 5.6 may be considered for use provided that similar aggregates from the
same source have been shown by experience to result in satisfactory
5. Physical Properties pavement and the results of other tests indicate that the desired perfor-
5.1 General—The coarse aggregate shall consist of hard, mance can be obtained. Aggregate from a new source that fails the
strong, durable pieces, free of adherent coatings and conform- requirements of 5.5 or 5.6 and for which no experience exists, may be
ing to the requirements of this specification. considered acceptable provided the results of the other relevant laboratory
tests indicate that the desired performance can be obtained.
5.2 Grading—The grading shall conform to one of the
following subparagraphs. 5.7 Expansion—Aggregates that contain components sub-
5.2.1 The coarse aggregate grading shall conform to the ject to hydration shall be obtained from sources approved by
requirements of Classification D 448 for the size number the purchaser on the basis of either satisfactory performance
designated in the order. The size to be used is dependent upon record, aging, or other treatment known to reduce potential
the desired composition of the paving mixture, and the required expansion to a satisfactory level (see Note 5).
size or sizes either before or after blending as specified.
NOTE 5—Test Method D 4792 has been used to evaluate the potential
5.2.2 The coarse aggregate grading shall conform to the for expansion of dense graded materials.
grading as specified in the purchase order. The grading to be
used is dependent upon the desired composition of the paving 5.8 Environmental Stability—Aggregates shall be evaluated
mixture and shall be determined by the purchaser. for environmental considerations (air quality, water quality,
5.3 Crushed Pieces in Aggregate—Orders for material un- and storage) using the required local, state, and federal test
der this specification shall state the appropriate requirements methods in effect at the time of use.
for percentage of crushed pieces. 5.8.1 Aggregates that exhibit a potential for producing
5.3.1 Conventional Mixtures, not less than 40 %, by weight, leachates shall be tested using the Toxicity Characteristic
of the pieces retained on the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve shall have Leaching Procedure (EPA Method SW846 1311) or appropriate
at least one fractured face. (see Note 1 and Note 2) test method as approved by the purchaser. Results shall
5.3.2 Open–Graded Friction Course Mixtures, of the aggre- indicate that all areas tested (metals, volatiles, semivolatiles,
gate pieces retained on the 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve, not less than and organics) are below regulatory limits.
90 %, by weight, shall have one or more fractured faces and 5.8.2 The aggregate shall meet all applicable local, state,
75 %, by weight, two or more fractured faces. and federal environmental requirements in effect at the time of
use.
NOTE 1—Attention is called to the distinction between conventional
(dense mixtures or open mixtures) and open-graded friction course 5.9 Special Requirements—Evaluation will be required, but
mixtures in Specification D 3515. not exclusive of, the following items, when specified by the
NOTE 2—Some sources of aggregate contain angular particles that will purchaser: the potential for stripping, friable particles.
perform similarly to a mechanically crushed particle. Where laboratory
tests or service records indicate this to be true, such angular particles may 6. Methods of Sampling and Testing
be considered as crushed.
6.1 Sample the aggregates and determine the properties
5.4 Polishing Characteristics—The course aggregates, or enumerated in this specification in accordance with the follow-
the coarsest fraction of the aggregate for use in surface course ing methods:
mixtures, shall be of a type known to possess adequate 6.1.1 Random Sampling—See Practice D 3665.
resistance to polishing action of the anticipated traffic (see Note 6.1.2 Sampling—See Practice D 75.
3).
6.1.3 Grading—See Test Method C 136.
NOTE 3—No ASTM test method has been recognized to be capable of 6.1.4 Unit Weight—See Test Method C 29/C 29M.
defining adequate resistance to the polishing action of specific traffic 6.1.5 Soundness—See Test Method C 88.
conditions. Test Method D 3319 has been found useful in evaluating the
relative polish resistance between samples of different aggregates or
6.1.6 Degradation—See Test Method C 131.
mixtures containing different aggregates. 6.1.7 Expansion—See Test Method D 4792.
6.1.8 Friable Particles—See Test Method C 142.
5.5 Soundness—The coarse aggregate, when subjected to
6.1.9 Coating—See Test Method D 2489.
five cycles of the soundness test, shall have a weighted loss not
greater than 12 % when sodium sulfate is used or 18 % when 6.1.10 Adherent Coatings—See Test Method D 5711.
magnesium sulfate is used (see Note 4). If the salt is not 6.1.11 Crushed Count—See Test Method D 3398.
designated by the purchaser, the aggregate shall be considered 6.1.12 Leaching—See EPA Test Method SW846 1311.
to be in compliance with this specification if it meets the
indicated limit for either salt used. 7. Keywords
5.6 Degradation—Aggregate subjected to testing in accor- 7.1 bituminous paving; coarse aggregate; nontraditional ag-
dance with Test Method C 131 shall have a loss not greater gregate; paving mixtures; recycled aggregate

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 D 6155
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