Basic Derivative Questions:
1. Find the derivative of f(x)=3x2+2x−1f(x) = 3x^2 + 2x - 1f(x)=3x2+2x−1:
f′(x)=ddx(3x2+2x−1)=6x+2f'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(3x^2 + 2x - 1) = 6x + 2f′(x)=dxd
(3x2+2x−1)=6x+2
2. What is the derivative of f(x)=sin(x)f(x) = \sin(x)f(x)=sin(x)?
f′(x)=ddx(sin(x))=cos(x)f'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(\sin(x)) = \cos(x)f′(x)=dxd(sin(x))=cos(x)
3. Find the derivative of f(x)=exf(x) = e^xf(x)=ex:
f′(x)=ddx(ex)=exf'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(e^x) = e^xf′(x)=dxd(ex)=ex
4. Differentiate f(x)=ln(x)f(x) = \ln(x)f(x)=ln(x):
f′(x)=ddx(ln(x))=1xf'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(\ln(x)) = \frac{1}{x}f′(x)=dxd(ln(x))=x1
Application of Derivatives:
1. If the position of an object at time ttt is given by s(t)=4t2−3t+2s(t) = 4t^2 - 3t +
2s(t)=4t2−3t+2, find its velocity at t=2t = 2t=2:
o First, find the velocity, which is the derivative of the position function:
v(t)=ddt(4t2−3t+2)=8t−3v(t) = \frac{d}{dt}(4t^2 - 3t + 2) = 8t - 3v(t)=dtd
(4t2−3t+2)=8t−3
o Now, substitute t=2t = 2t=2 into the velocity equation:
v(2)=8(2)−3=16−3=13 meters/secondv(2) = 8(2) - 3 = 16 - 3 = 13 \text{
meters/second}v(2)=8(2)−3=16−3=13 meters/second
2. The temperature of a liquid is described by the function T(t)=50−5tT(t) = 50 -
5tT(t)=50−5t, where ttt is the time in minutes. What is the rate of change of the
temperature at t=10t = 10t=10?
o The rate of change of temperature is the derivative of T(t)T(t)T(t):
T′(t)=ddt(50−5t)=−5T'(t) = \frac{d}{dt}(50 - 5t) = -5T′(t)=dtd(50−5t)=−5
o The rate of change of the temperature at t=10t = 10t=10 is −5-5−5 degrees per
minute, meaning the temperature is decreasing by 5 degrees per minute.
Modeling Questions Related to Derivatives:
1. Find the speed of the car at t=3t = 3t=3 seconds, given s(t)=4t2+2ts(t) = 4t^2 +
2ts(t)=4t2+2t:
o First, find the velocity (speed) by differentiating s(t)s(t)s(t):
v(t)=ddt(4t2+2t)=8t+2v(t) = \frac{d}{dt}(4t^2 + 2t) = 8t + 2v(t)=dtd(4t2+2t)=8t+2
o Now, substitute t=3t = 3t=3 into the velocity equation:
v(3)=8(3)+2=24+2=26 meters/secondv(3) = 8(3) + 2 = 24 + 2 = 26 \text{
meters/second}v(3)=8(3)+2=24+2=26 meters/second
2. How fast is the population growing at t=5t = 5t=5 hours, given P(t)=500e0.02tP(t) =
500e^{0.02t}P(t)=500e0.02t:
o First, find the rate of growth by differentiating P(t)P(t)P(t):
P′(t)=ddt(500e0.02t)=500⋅0.02e0.02t=10e0.02tP'(t) = \frac{d}{dt}(500e^{0.02t}) = 500 \
cdot 0.02e^{0.02t} = 10e^{0.02t}P′(t)=dtd(500e0.02t)=500⋅0.02e0.02t=10e0.02t
o Now, substitute t=5t = 5t=5:
P′(5)=10e0.02(5)=10e0.1≈10×1.1052=11.052 bacteria/hourP'(5) = 10e^{0.02(5)} =
10e^{0.1} \approx 10 \times 1.1052 = 11.052 \text{ bacteria/hour}P
′(5)=10e0.02(5)=10e0.1≈10×1.1052=11.052 bacteria/hour
3. Find the rate of change of the cost when 10 units are produced, given
C(x)=3x3−5x2+2x+100C(x) = 3x^3 - 5x^2 + 2x + 100C(x)=3x3−5x2+2x+100:
o First, find the rate of change of cost by differentiating C(x)C(x)C(x):
C′(x)=ddx(3x3−5x2+2x+100)=9x2−10x+2C'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(3x^3 - 5x^2 + 2x + 100)
= 9x^2 - 10x + 2C′(x)=dxd(3x3−5x2+2x+100)=9x2−10x+2
o Now, substitute x=10x = 10x=10:
C′(10)=9(10)2−10(10)+2=9(100)−100+2=900−100+2=802 units of cost per unit produce
dC'(10) = 9(10)^2 - 10(10) + 2 = 9(100) - 100 + 2 = 900 - 100 + 2 = 802 \text{ units of
cost per unit produced}C
′(10)=9(10)2−10(10)+2=9(100)−100+2=900−100+2=802 units of cost per unit produced
4. Find the rate of change of revenue when 20 units are sold, given
R(x)=50x−0.5x2R(x) = 50x - 0.5x^2R(x)=50x−0.5x2:
o First, find the rate of change of revenue by differentiating R(x)R(x)R(x):
R′(x)=ddx(50x−0.5x2)=50−xR'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}(50x - 0.5x^2) = 50 - xR′(x)=dxd
(50x−0.5x2)=50−x
o Now, substitute x=20x = 20x=20:
R′(20)=50−20=30 dollars per unit soldR'(20) = 50 - 20 = 30 \text{ dollars per unit sold}R
′(20)=50−20=30 dollars per unit sold
5. Find the rate of temperature change at t=10t = 10t=10 minutes, given
T(t)=80−30e−0.1tT(t) = 80 - 30e^{-0.1t}T(t)=80−30e−0.1t:
o First, find the rate of temperature change by differentiating T(t)T(t)T(t):
T′(t)=ddt(80−30e−0.1t)=0+30×0.1e−0.1t=3e−0.1tT'(t) = \frac{d}{dt}(80 - 30e^{-0.1t}) =
0 + 30 \times 0.1 e^{-0.1t} = 3e^{-0.1t}T′(t)=dtd(80−30e−0.1t)=0+30×0.1e−0.1t=3e−0.1t
o Now, substitute t=10t = 10t=10:
T′(10)=3e−0.1(10)=3e−1≈3×0.3679=1.1037 degrees per minuteT'(10) = 3e^{-0.1(10)} =
3e^{-1} \approx 3 \times 0.3679 = 1.1037 \text{ degrees per minute}T
′(10)=3e−0.1(10)=3e−1≈3×0.3679=1.1037 degrees per minute
These are the solutions to the problems you provided!
