Juhi.
G
Cell Junction
V) SUMMARY
Functions Location Pathology Components Diagram
Tightly hold the cells together Blood brain barrier Destruction of the tight junction in Spans from the cell
Diffusion barrier (BBB) GI tract by toxins released by these membrane to ECM
(1) Tight Junctions
GI tract pathogens o Claudins & occludins
Respiratory tract o Helicobacter pylori Cytosolic side and
Kidney Peptic ulcer disease bound to claudins &
Leaky junction occludins
o Clostridium diarrhea
Clostridium difficile o Zona occludins
associated diarrhea Inner cytosolic side
o Actin filaments
Cadherin-containing anchoring junctions that GIT When cancer develops, mutated E. Cadherins
bind the membranes of adjacent cells, giving Respiratory tract genes alter the structure of the Vinculin
Junctions
(2) Adherens
strength and rigidity to the entire tissue. Urinary tract Cadherin proteins. Results in loss of Catenin
Blood vessels their function and the cells being to Actin filaments
Skin separate in clumps
These clumps spread from a primary
location to a secondary location in a
process known as: METASTASIS
Desmosomes provide high tensile strength and Cardiac Tissue Pemphigus Vulgaris: autoantibodies Cadherins
(3) Desmosomes
abrasive/ shearing force that keep cells tightly (intercalated discs) attack the desmoglein and the cells of o Desmoglein
together. the epidermis separate causing blister o Desmocolin
Skin Tissue (Epidermis) and ulcers. This usually involves the
oral mucosa. Desmoplakin
Intermediate filaments
Form and maintain the connections between the Epithelial tissues Bullous Pemphigoid Basal Lamina
epithelial tissue and the basal lamina o Skin o Autoantibodies target and destroy Integrins
o Respiratory tract integrins Intermediate Filaments
(4) Hemidesmosomes
o GI tract o Epithelial cells and basal lamina
Urogenital tract separate, resulting in
subepidermal blisters and ulcers
o Exhibit positive Nikolsky sign
o Involves the following:
Axilla
Anogenital area
Inguinal area
Trunk
Spares the oral mucosa
Allows cell-to-cell communication (via the “excitable” tissues Connexons
passage of intracellular ions and cell signaling o Cardiac tissue o Two connexons form
(5) Gap Junctions
molecules) o Smooth muscle tissue one gap junction
In the presence of a pathogen, gap junctions Connexins
facilitate cell-to-cell communication which alerts o Neurons
Six connexins form one
nearby cells to: connexon
o synthesize antimicrobial proteins
o trigger apoptosis
trigger cellular adaptive processes
CELL JUNCTIONS CELL BIOLOGY: Note #11. 7 of 8
