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FEA Analysis Process
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PROBLEM DEFINITION
Objective: Clearly define the problem to be solved, including the
type of analysis required (e.g., structural, thermal, or fluid).
Input: Geometry of the part or structure, material properties,
boundary conditions, and loads.
Example: In a structural analysis, the problem could be finding the
stresses and deformations in a bracket under a given lo
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GEOMETRY CREATION
Objective: Create or import the CAD model of the part or structure that
needs to be analyzed.
Tools: CAD software like SolidWorks, CATIA, or integrated geometry
tools in FEA software like ANSYS or Abaqus.
Example: Designing the 3D model of a beam that will be analyzed for
stress under load.
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Meterial Properties
Objective: Assign appropriate material properties (e.g., Young’s
modulus, Poisson's ratio, thermal conductivity) to the model.
Input: Material data from databases or based on experimental values.
Example: For steel, assign a Young's modulus of 210 GPa and a
Poisson’s ratio of 0.3.
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Meshing
Objective: Divide the geometry into small elements (the mesh) that the
solver can work with. These elements could be triangular,
quadrilateral, tetrahedral, or other shapes depending on the problem.
Steps
Mesh density: Finer mesh in critical areas (e.g., where stress
concentrations are expected) and coarser mesh elsewhere.
Considerations: The quality of the mesh significantly affects accuracy.
Too coarse a mesh might miss details, while too fine a mesh increases
computational cost.
Example: Dividing the beam model into small quadrilateral elements.
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Boundary Conditions
Objective: Specify how the structure is constrained and what forces,
pressures, or thermal loads are applied.
Types of Boundary Conditions:
Fixed support: No displacement allowed.
Symmetry conditions: For symmetrical models to reduce
computation.
Loads: Forces, moments, pressure, or thermal loads applied on
surfaces or nodes.
Example: Fix one end of the beam and apply a downward force on
the other end.
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Solving
Objective: Choose the appropriate solver to compute the solution
based on the problem type (linear vs non-linear, static vs dynamic).
Types of Solvers:
Direct solvers: For small-to-medium linear problems.
Iterative solvers: For large problems.
Explicit/Implicit solvers: For dynamic or non-linear simulations.
Example: For a static structural analysis, select the linear static solver.
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Post-Processing
Objective: Analyze the results, such as displacements, stresses, strains,
temperature distribution, or fluid flow patterns.
Tools: Visualization tools in FEA software help view results through
contour plots, vector plots, and deformation shapes.
Key Results:
Displacement: How much the structure deforms under load.
Stress: Where the highest stresses are located (e.g., Von Mises stress).
Temperature distribution: For thermal analysis.
Example: Viewing the stress distribution on the beam and identifying
areas with maximum stress.
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Validation
Objective: Verify the accuracy of the results by:
Checking if boundary conditions and loads were applied correctly.
Comparing FEA results with hand calculations or experimental data.
Iterations: Adjust mesh density, boundary conditions, or solver settings
as needed to improve accuracy.
Example: Comparing FEA-predicted stresses with theoretical
calculations for a simple beam.
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