⮚ INTRODUCTION:-
The fundamental rights of all the citizens of India are given in the
Constitution of India. These fundamental rights are mentioned in part three of the
Constitution of India. The Constitution of India not only provides fundamental
rights to its citizens but also mentions the limitations of those rights.
⮚ The fundamental right:-
The Rights of the people which are listed in the Constitution and which
need special protection are known as the fundamental rights. The word
‘fundamental’ is used because these rights are extremely important, the
Constitution lists these rights separately, and the Constitution has made special
provisions to protect them.
⮚ The 6 fundamental rights:-
The six fundamental rights are the Right to Equality, Right to Freedom, Right
against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Right to constitutional remedies, and
Cultural and Educational Rights. There was an amendment to the Constitution of India in
1978. It was the 44th amendment of the Constitution of India which declared that the
Right to Property will no longer be a Fundamental Right. Article 31 and Article 19(1)(f)
were completely removed from Part III – Fundamental Rights of the Constitution with the
help of the 44th Amendment.
● The six Fundamental Rights given in the Constitution of India
are listed below:-
1. Right to Equality.
2. Right to Freedom.
3. Right against Exploitation.
4. Right to Freedom of Religion.
5. Right to Constitutional Remedies.
6. Cultural and Educational Rights.
1. Right to Equality
As per the Constitution of India, the Right to Equality provides the following
to the citizens of India:
● Abolition of untouchability
● Equal opportunities when it comes to public employment.
● Every citizen will be equal in front of the law. Every citizen of India will get
equal protection of laws.
● All the citizens will have equal access to bathing ghats, hotels, shops, roads,
wells, etc.
● Discrimination of citizens is completely prohibited on the grounds of place of
birth, sex, caste, race, religion, etc.
One of the biggest examples of inequality was untouchability, which was
practised in India. The Constitution of India has completely abolished it thereby
bringing equality among all citizens. No person will be given any kind of title,
except for people who have excelled in the fields of military and academics.
The preamble of the Indian Constitution says that every citizen will have
equality in opportunity and status.
2. Right to Freedom
As per the fundamental rights of India mentioned in the Constitution of
India, the Right to Freedom provides the following rights:
● Right to life and liberty.
● Right to live and settle in any part of India.
● Right to form unions or associations.
● Right to carry out trade or business, right to work in any occupation, and right
to work in any profession.
● Right to assemble peacefully.
● Right to freedom of speech and expression.
The Right to Freedom and the Right to Equality are the two most essential
rights in a democracy. When the Constitution of India mentions liberty, it means
freedom of action, expression, and thoughts. However, it must be noted that such
freedom comes with its limitations. Every citizen can enjoy the above-mentioned
freedom without endangering the law and order situation, and without threatening
the freedom of other people.
3. Right against Exploitation
As per the fundamental rights of India mentioned in the Constitution of
India, the Right against Exploitation provides the following rights to the citizens of
India:
● Children are prohibited from employment in hazardous jobs.
● Forced labour is prohibited.
● Trafficking of human beings is prohibited by the Constitution of India.
4. Right to Freedom of Religion
As per the Constitution of India, the Right to Freedom of Religion provides
the following rights:
● Citizens of India will have the freedom to attend religious instruction or
worship in certain educational institutions.
● People have the freedom to pay taxes for the promotion of any religion of their
choice.
● Citizens are given the right to manage the religious affairs
● Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of a
particular religion.
5. Right to Constitutional Remedies
As per the fundamentals rights of India mentioned in the Constitution of
India, the Right to Constitutional Remedies provides the following rights to the
citizens of India:
● Citizens have the right to ask the courts to enforce their fundamental rights by
requesting the courts to issue writs, orders, and directions to the Government.
6. Cultural and Educational Rights
As per the fundamental rights of India mentioned in the Constitution of
India, the Cultural and Educational Rights provide the following rights to the
citizens of India:
● Minorities have the right to establish educational institutions.
● Conclusion
Fundamental Rights are an integral part of the Indian Constitution and play
a crucial role in upholding the principles of democracy, justice, equality, and the
rule of law.
⮚ Reference
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