NEW HORIZON PUBLIC SCHOOL
INVESTIGATORY PROJECT – PHYSICS
To investigate the new electricity generating
methods.
Name : Manikandan A Panicker
Class : XII (Science) Division : A
Roll No. : 17
Academic Year: 2024-25
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I wish to express my deep gratitude and sincere
thanks to my Respected Principal Ma’am,
Mrs. Amita Dutta of New Horizon Public School,
Panvel for her encouragement. You always inspire us
to do our best for the students. Thank you mam, for
being such a great and exceptional leader, for
managing the entire school. You are so humble and
make yourself accessible to all.
I extend my hearty thanks to my subject teacher
Mrs. Poonam Ojha mam. I take this opportunity to
express my deep sense of gratitude for her invaluable
guidance, useful suggestions and constant
encouragement, which has sustained my efforts at all
stages of this project work.
I can’t forget to offer my sincere thanks to my parents
and friends who helped me to carry out this project
work and thank them for their valuable advice and
support, which I received from time to time.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mst. Manikandan A Panicker of
class XII A has successfully completed the Physics
Investigatory Project on ‘New electricity generating
methods’ under the guidance of Mrs. Poonam Ojha
Ma’am as prescribed by the CBSE for academic
session 2024 -25.
Signature of Signature of Signature of
Subject Teacher Principal External Examiner
School Stamp
INDEX
Sr.No. Topic
1. Introduction
2. Aim & Theory
3. Materials Required
4. Procedure
5. Observation
6. Result
7. Gallery
8. Precautions
9. Bibliography
INTRODUCTION
Electricity generation is the process of generating
electric power from sources of primary energy.
Solar energy is the energy received from the Sun,
where we use the heat to power our homes and
appliances by transforming it into thermal or
electrical energy. We can use solar energy
endlessly as long as the Sun is present, and
therefore, we can say that it is the most efficient
and infinite form of energy. Solar photovoltaic
cells convert sunlight directly into electricity.
These cells may be used to power devices as
small as wrist watches, or they can be connected
to form modules (or panels). Modules are
connected in arrays that power individual homes
or form large power plants. Photovoltaic power
plants are now one of the fastest-growing sources
of electricity generation around the world.
AIM AND THEORY
These solar panels also known as the modules
are usually southern faced for maximum
potential and electricity production. The leading
theory behind solar energy is the Photovoltaic
Effect. The photovoltaic effect generates a
voltage in a photovoltaic cell exposed to the sun.
The solar panel converts sunlight into electrical
energy. Solar panels are commonly created using
semiconducting materials like silicon because
they can absorb a photon, exciting an electron
extracted into an electrical circuit by an electric
field.
MATERIALS REQUIRED
1.Small Solar Panel
2.Wires
3.Small Led bulb
PROCEDURE
• Set up your lamp a fixed distance from
where you will test the solar cell.
• Connect your small bulb to the solar panel
• Turn on the lamp
OBSERVATION
When this material is exposed to photons of
sunlight (very small packets of energy) it releases
electrons and produces an electric charge.
This PV charge creates an electric current
(specifically, direct current or DC), which is
captured by the wiring in solar panels. This DC
electricity is then converted to alternating current
(AC) by an inverter. AC is the type of electrical
current used when you plug appliances into
normal wall sockets.
Result
Hence the bulb will glow when the solar panel is
kept in contact with the sunlight.
GALLERY
PRECAUTIONS
▪ Make sure the bulb light is visible during the
experiment
▪ All the connections should be tight and
soldered
▪ Don’t touch the solar panel as it may be
heated up due to heat waves from sun.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. NCERT Physics Part- I Class- 12
2. Concepts of Physics -2 (H.C. Verma)
3. Websites – www.studocu.com
knowledgecycle.in
www.sarthakaks.com
