Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses how the study was carried out. Due

to the nature and purpose of this study, as the method was

used and adopted for the completion of this research study,

the researchers aimed to discover the phenomenon behind the

effectiveness of learning styles and its benefits on the

learning outcomes of respondents.

The factors that are included in this study are the

research design, research location, study respondents, the

selection of respondents, and sampling procedures. Along with

the research instrument, data collection process, and data

analysis.

Research Design

This Research is using descriptive quantitative design.

Descriptive quantitative design emphasizes objective

measurements and the statistical, mathematical, or numerical

analysis of data collected through polls, questionnaires, and

surveys, or by manipulating pre-existing statistical data

using computational techniques, Muldyagin (2018).Descriptive

research can answer what, where, when, and how questions, but

not why questions.

Quantitative research helps the researchers quantify the

progress of their project and assess whether or not they have

met the indicators outlined in their log frame. It is also

useful in establishing baseline data at the start of a project

and can enable the researchers to generalize based on their

findings. With statistically significant sample sizes, the

results can sometimes even be generalized to an entire target

group

Research Locale

Research Locale

General de Jesus College is a well-known non-sectarian private

school located in the southern part of Nueva Ecija.

The researchers conducted the study at General De Jesus

College which is located at Vallarta Street, Poblacion, San

Isidro, Nueva Ecija. General De Jesus College, formerly known

as General De Jesus Academy, is a private school first opened

in 1946, starting with seven teachers, including the principal

and 255 students from first year to fourth year high school.

From 1946 to 1977, the school only offered academic secondary

courses. In 1978, when they opened the collegiate department,

the first course offered was Liberal Arts.

At present, the courses offered by the school are: Bachelor of

Science in Accountancy (BSA), Bachelor of Science in

Information Technology (BSIT), Bachelor of Science in

Secondary Education (BSE), Bachelor of Elementary Education

(BEED), Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (BSBA),

Bachelor of Science in Internal Auditing (BSIA), Bachelor of

Science in management Accounting (BSMA), Bachelor of Science

in Accounting Information System (BSAIS), and Hotel and

Restaurant Management (HRM). In 1992, the pre-school and

elementary departments were stabilized and started serving the

community. General de Jesus Academy came to be known as

General de Jesus College when the Securities and Exchange

Commission (SEC) approved the change of status on August 28,

1997.

General de Jesus College acquired a national rank of 144 and a

regional rank of 24. In Nueva Ecija, it ranked no. 2, second

only to Central Luzon State University. Its high school

department was chosen in 1996 as the Most Effective Private

High School in the Division of Nueva Ecija.

 Figure 2. Map of San Isidro

Vision

General De Jesus College is a leading learning institution

where every learner is transformed into a God-loving and

highly productive citizen responsive to local, national, and

global needs.

Mission

General De Jesus College is committed to producing

graduates who are instilled with nationalistic, moral, and

spiritual values and who are equipped with life and career

competencies.
Philosophy

The development of a morally upright, civic-minded, and

useful citizenry is the responsibility of any educational

institution.

Sample and Sampling Design

Simple Random Sampling was used in conducting this study. The

researchers used this technique for the sample to be equally

distributed. Adam Hayes (2023) defines a simple random sample

as a subset of a statistical population where each individual

has an equal chance of getting selected. The goal of a basic

random sample is to provide an objective depiction of a group.

The respondents were random students per section in senior

high school. Every student was eligible to answer the survey

that was distributed equally to all sections of Senior High

School, hence, no criteria was given to be a part of the

study. The reason is that the researchers aim to identify

particular areas in which the overall senior high school

students show misconceptions or a lack of understanding about

effectiveness of different study techniques.

The sample of this study will be selected based on easy

accessibility and availability at a given time. The

researchers will use simple random sampling since this method

is the simplest of all probability sampling methods because it

just includes a single random selection and requires little

prior knowledge of the population. Because it utilizes

randomization, any research conducted on this sample should

have high internal and external validity and be less

susceptible to research biases such as sampling and selection

bias.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study were from the municipality of

San Isidro, Nueva Ecija. Senior High School students from

General De Jesus College were the ones asked to participate

and be the respondents in this research study and were

provided a consent form signed by the research adviser.

Researchers have chosen these respondents as they are the ones

going to provide answers to the questions on a provided survey

questionnaire. The respondents were chosen as they were

responsive enough to answer the questions willingly.

In addition to this, the evaluation was centered around the

respondents' genuine sharing of their experiences and ideas

regarding their learning styles or strategies and how it

affects in their academic performance

Data Gathering Techniques

This study utilized a quantitative approach to confirm or

refute a hypothesis, quantitative research evaluates

attitudes, behaviors, views, and other characteristics. To

achieve this, The researchers prepared a set of questions that

served as the base of information gathering. The researchers

validated the created questions by asking the senior high

school students after creating questions.

Research Instrument

The selection of a suitable and appropriate method is an

important aspect of ensuring the successful implementation of

research. An face to face interview was used by the

researchers to acquire information for the study.

1.1 Face to Face Interview

One of the key components for guaranteeing the research is imp

lemented successfully is choosing an adequate and suitable met

hod. For Quantitative research, the researchers obtained the n

eeded results/answers of the data they carried out with the us

e of surveys in the form of questionnaires, the method of data

collection. According to Adi Bhat (2023) surveys are a method

of gathering information from a group of individuals by asking

them questions. Surveys can be conducted through various mediu

ms such as paper and pencil, online forms, telephone, or face-

to-face interviews.

Each question within the survey was carefully crafted to ensur

e clarity, relevance, and effectiveness in eliciting valuable

responses. The researchers considered the specific needs of se

nior high school students at General de Jesus College, tailori

ng the questions to capture insights that would shed light on

their understanding on the effectiveness of different study te

chniques.
1. How may the profile of the respondents be described in term

s of:

1.1 Age

1.2 Sex

1.3 Online Platforms Used

2. How may the learning styles of the respondents be described

in terms of:

2.1 visual;

2.2 audio; and

2.3 kinesthetics?

3. How may the effectiveness of the learning styles and strate

gies be described in terms of:

3.1 learning outcomes;

3.2 remembering topics and information; and

3.3 broad understanding of the lesson?

4. What learning strategies do respondents find helpful in imp

roving learning outcomes?

4.1 active learning;

4.2 collaborative task; and

4.3 individual study?

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers employed and carried out an face to face

interviewbwith the senior high school students of General de

Jesus College. The researchers collected and examined the

information, recognized, evaluated, and interpreted the

results, drawing conclusions and making recommendations.

Development of the Instrument

To get the necessary data, the researchers employed a

research survey. The researchers constructed legitimate

research questions based on their readings, past research,

framework, and concepts that were required for the research

investigation.

When selecting the instrument to be used to get the

necessary information, the tools required to create successful

data-collecting instruments were taken into consideration

In addition to this, the researchers made certain that

each survey question addressed the issues specified in the

statement of the problem. In such a way that the respondents

could directly answer the questions being asked to them.

The research adviser thoroughly reviewed the questions

for errors and provided suggestions for more appropriate

context and phrasing to avoid misunderstandings.

Validation of Research Instruments

Questionnaires are commonly used as a data collection

tool in research, with the main aim being to gather precise

and reliable data. They are a popular research method due to

their effectiveness, speed, efficiency, and affordability in

gathering large amounts of information from large sample

sizes. Questionnaires are particularly useful in measuring

subject behavior, preferences, intentions, attitudes, and

opinions. By using open and closed research questions,

researchers can obtain both qualitative and quantitative data,

resulting in more comprehensive results. This assessment

article examines and analyzes the validity and reliability of

surveys, as well as various methods for evaluating the

authenticity of research (Market Research, 2023).

The survey questions were formulated based on the problem

statement that the researchers were seeking to address during

their investigation. The questions were then sent to the

research adviser for formal confirmation and corrections.

For validation purposes, the survey was conducted face to

face interview and was completed by one hundred (100) college

students at General de Jesus College. The researchers obtained

all of the survey responses once they were completed.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The statistical treatment employed by the researchers to

analyze the data acquired involved the use of percentages.

 According to the Ministry of Manpower (2023), percentages

are a commonly used statistical method for presenting data.

The term "percent" means "out of every 100". To obtain

percentage figures, one quantity is divided by another, with

the latter being rebased to 100. Percentages are represented

by the symbol %. They are especially useful when making

comparisons and studying differences compared to a benchmark

or initial value.

The research team used this approach to address the first

and second threads of the study. They calculated the

proportion of participants who responded to specific items in

the questionnaire, and the study's results provided

information on the profile of respondents from San Isidro, and

Nueva Ecija in terms of their viewpoints.

The actual calculation used was as follows:

P= nN x100

In which:

P = Percentage

n = Number of the respondents who

answered the given specific choices

N = Total number of answers in the given choices

100 = Constant number for percentage value