ADVANCED MATHEMATICS 4 a 3.

Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 8 MC

Trigonometry (Adv), T2 Trig Functions andIdentities (Adv) 6 ‘&. i
Trig Identities and Harder Equations (Y11) 1% The diagram below showsonecycle of a circular function.

ExactTrig Ratios (14) Neca y

Trigonometry (Adv), T3 Trig Functions and Graphs (Adv) », Me,

kN
Trig Graphs (Y12) —
Trig Applications (Y12)

WwW
NY
Teacher: Cassandra Church

reF
Exam Equivalent Time: 144 minutes(basedon allocation of 1.5 minutes per mark)

Questions

1. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2021 HSC 1 MC

Whichofthe following is equivalent to sin?52? The amplitude andperiod of this function are respectively
A 1+ cos*5a A. 3 and 2

B. 1 —cos”5z B. 3 and
2
C. —1+4cos*5a
D —1—cos*5z

2. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2020 HSC 6 MC

4. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 1 MC
Whichinterval gives the range of the function y = 5 + 2cos3x?
f(x) = 2sin(3x) — 3
[2,8]
UNO FP

The period and rangeofthis function are respectively

[3, 7]
2
[4, 6] (A) period = = and range = [—5, —1]

[5,9] 2
(B) period = > and range = [—2, 2]

(C) period = 7 and range = [—1, 5]

(D) period = 37 and range = [-1, 5]

5. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 2 MC 8. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 18 MC

Let f(z) =1- 2cos(“*). The period of the function f(a) = tan (=) is
2 2
The period and rangeof this function are respectively A. 2

(A) 4 and [ — 2, 2] B. 4

(B) 4 and [- 1,3] coe

D. 47
(C) 1 and [— 1,3]

(D) 4m and [ — 2,2]

9. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 4 MC

. Asection of the graph of f(z) is shown below.

6. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 3 MC

Let f(a) = Ssin(2%) — 1. y

The period and rangeofthis function are respectively

(A) x and [ — 1, 4]

(B) 2x and [ — 1,5]

(C) x and [ — 6, 4]
30 1! i O a
(D) 2x and [ — 6,4] TF “7 Z

NIA
7. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2012 HSC 6 MC

Whatare the solutions of V3tana = — 1 for 0 < a < 2z?

2a An
(A) -- and 3 The equation of f(a) could be

©) na 2 1) (a)=)
B
(C) on and ie (B) f(2) = tan (@ - 7)
ee (C) f(x) = tan(2(e - 5)
:
(D) ' and ——
- - (0) f(s) = tan(2(e- 3)
10. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 5 MC 12. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2019 HSC 7 MC
The UV index, y, for a summer day in Newcastle Eastis illustrated in the graph below, where ¢ is the The diagram showspartof the graph of y = asin(ba) + 4.
numberof hours after 6 am.

ye

be 7
5.54

44

2.54

a |

T O T a T X T T

The graphis most likely to be the graph of >

(A) y=5+ 5c0s(

mt What are the values of aand b?

(B) y = 5 — 5cos 7
1
(A) a=3 b= =
(C) y= 5+ 500s (T) 2
14
(B) a=3 b=2

(D) y= 5 500s( 7 ) mt 1
(C) a=1,5 b=>

(D)a=15 b=2

11. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 6 MC

The function with equation f(a) = 4tan ( =) has period 13. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2016 HSC 6 MC
Qa
“ys
Whatis the period of the function f(a) = tan(3a) ?
n
(A) =
(B) 6 3
2
(C) 3 (B) -
(D) 3x (C) 37

(D) 62
14. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2014 HSC 7 MC 19. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2010 HSC 8c

How manysolutions of the equation (sing — 1)(tane +2) = 0 liebetween 0 and 2x? The graph shownis y = Asinba.

(A) 1 y

(B) 2 4- ees

(C) 3

(D) 4

Oa ht x

N/a
15. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2005 HSC 2a
1
Solve cos 6 = —= for 0 < 0 < 2m. (2marks)
V2

i, Write down the value of A. (1 mark)

ii. Find the value of b. (1 mark)
16. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2007 HSC 4a
iii, Copy or trace the graph into your writing booklet.
Solve V2 sin a = 1 for 0 < x < 2m. (2marks) On the samesetof axes, drawthe graph y = 3sine + 1 for 0 < a < am. (2marks)

17. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2009 HSC 1e

Find the exact value of 9 such that 2cos@ = 1,where 0 < 0 < . (2 marks)

18. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2015 HSC 12a

Find the solutions of 2sin0 = 1 for 0 < 0 < 2m, (2marks)
20. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 9 22. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2017 HSC 14a
Let f(x) = 2cos(a) +1 for 0 <a@ < 2m. Sketch the curve y = 4 + 3sin2a for 0 < a < 2m. (3marks)
i, Solve the equation 2cos(x) + 1 = 0 for 0 < x < 2m. (2marks)
ii. Sketch the graph ofthe function f(x) onthe axes below. Label the endpoints and local minimum
point with their coordinates, (3 marks)
23. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2011 HSC 2b

Big Find the exact values of x such that 2sina = — /3,where 0 < a < 2m. (2marks)
4
Ii! 'i
!
'i
!
i
\
'
i
'
t
'i1
ee oe eae ee AE ee ee RE LE LR I SLE TE EE SS i I Rea

4 ' ' ' ' ' I

' ' ' ' ' '
1 ' ' ' ' '
come3 femomnonedfnce
' ' i) ' ' 1

24. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2016 HSC 11g

' I I ' ' '
I{ '' '' {' '' '' 4 1
' ' ' ' ' ' Solve sin (=) = 2 for 0 < a < 2m. (2marks)
qeoseuaw b+ ------4-------4--- 2-4 eee pene eee.
2 ''' I ' ' '' t'
'' '' 't ' '
' ' ' ' ' '

' ' ' ' ' '

soma po nnn npn n nnn nnn enn n nnn eee e nee eb ene e np ee eee e:
1 ' ' ' ' ' ' 25. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 SM-Bank 34
I ' ' ' \ '
i | | | | yx Solve the equation V/3sinz = cosx for —m < x < mr. (2marks)
0 11 | 2a ' 14a es to
fs
=
' 1
=
'
1
Ps
1
=
Ee
—
' '
7

sonne-e- [ow nn nnn tenn pe = +p == fee

-l ' ' ' ' | '
' ' { I ' '
' ' t ' ' ' 26. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 SM-Bank 37
{ | ' { ' I
' 1 1
i a few meee ne nnd de ee ee.
1 t '
-2 '' '' '' '' '' {' Solve the equation cos (=)
2 = I
5 for -+ <a< > (2 marks)
'' 11 '1I 1' '' {i
t ' 1 ' '
i : t { ! ‘

27. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 SM-Bank 38

Solve 2cos(2a) = — V3 for x, where 0 < a < mr.(2marks)

21. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2006 HSC 7b

Afunction f(x) isdefined by f(a) = 1+ 2cosa. 28. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 SM-Bank 39

i. Show that the graph of y = f(a) cuts the a-axis at « = =. (4 mark)
Let f(a) = sin( =),
ii, Sketch the graph of y = f(a) for —m < x < m showing wherethe graph cuts each ofthe axes, (3
marks)
Solve the equation sin (=) =~ 2
5 torte <9 Boeid
2
iii. Find the area under the curve y = f(x) between a = — > and a = > (3 marks)
29. Trigonometry, ZADV T3 2021 HSC 20 33. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2018 HSC 15a

For what valuesof z, in the interval 0 < a < - does the line y = 1 intersect the graph of The length of daylight, L(t), is defined as the number of hours from sunrise to sunset, and can be

y = 2sinda:? (2 marks) modelled by the equation

ant
L(t) 2 |
= 124 2eos
sos ( ——
2 |,

wheret is the numberof days after 21 December 2015, for 0 < t < 366.
30. Trigonometry,Z2ADV T3 2022 HSC 14
i. Find the length of daylight on 21 December 2015. (1 mark)

The graph of y = ksin(az) ii. Whatis the shortest length of daylight? (1 mark)
y
4 iii, What are the two values of ¢ for which the length of daylight is 11? (2 marks)

T T T T T ae 34. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 10

-87 6 An -20n 20 4x 70 8a
The population of wombatsin a particular location varies according to the rule

4 n(t) = 1200 + 400cos (5) , where nis the number of wombats andtis the number of monthsafter
4 March 2018.

Whatarethevaluesiot Wand a? cums) i. Find the period and amplitude of the function n. (2marks)

_ ii. Find the maximum and minimum populations of wombatsin this location. (2 marks)
iii. Find m(10). (4mark)

31. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 12 iv. Over the 12 months from 4 March 2018, find the fraction of time when the population of wombatsin
this location was less than 7(10). (2marks)
State the range and period of the function sa a wo Ho

h(v) =4+ 3cos (—) . (2marks)

— _ ee 35. Trigonometry, ZADV T3 2013 HSC 13a

The population of a herd of wild horsesis given by

32. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 13 P(t) = 400 + 50cos ( zt)

On anygiven day, the depth ofwater in river is modelled by the function where ¢ istime in months.

h(t) = 14 + 8sin (3) , O<t< 24 i. Find all times during the first 12 months when the population equals 375 horses. (2 marks)

. . . . ii. Sketch the graph of P(t) for 0 < t < 12. (2marks)
wherehis the depth of water, in metres, and ¢ is the time, in hours, after 6 am.

i. Find the minimum depthofthe water in the river. (1 mark)

ii, Find the values of ¢ for which h(t) = 10. (2marks)
 Worked Solutions
36. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2022 HSC 23

EITC)eteCtlom tedBO'y)),
The depth of waterin a bayrises andfalls with the tide. On a particular day the depth of the water, d
1. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2021 HSC 1 MC
metres, can be modelled by the equation
4 Using the identity:
d=1.3-0. bcos ( —t
5 ) ]},
sin’5a + cos*5a = 1
where is the time in hours sincelow tide.
sin?5a = 1-cos*5a
a. Find the depth of water at low tide and at high tide. (2marks)
b, Whatis the time interval, in hours, between two successive low tides? (4 mark) => B

c. For how long betweensuccessive low tides will the depth of water be at least 1 metre? (3 marks)

2. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2020 HSC 6 MC

37. Trigonometry,Z2ADV T2 2004 HSC 9a —1< cos3a <1

Consider the geometric series 1 — tan?0 + tan’ —... —2 < 2cos3a < 2

i. Whenthe limiting sum exists, find its value in simplest form. (2marks) 3 < 5+ 2cos3x < 7
ii. For what values of @ inthe interval .. Range [3, 7]
Tv
5 <0< 5 doesthe limiting sum of the series exist? (2 marks) =>B

38. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2008 HSC 6a 3. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 8 MC

Solve asin? (= ) = 1 for —m < a < m. (3marks)

Graph centres around y = 1

Amplitude = 3

Period: = 4

39. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2009 HSC 7b = D

Between 5 am and 5 pmon3 March 20039,the height,h,of the tide in a harbour wasgiven by

oe 0.7sin
.
(7)
T
for 0<t<12
4. Trigonometry,Z2ADV T3 SM-Bank 1 MC
where h isinmetres and ¢ isin hours, with t = 0 at5 am.
Range: [— 3 — 2, —34 2]
i. Whatis the period of the function h? (1mark)
=[-5,-]]
ii, What was thevalue of h at low tide, and at whattime did low tide occur? (2 marks)
iii. A ship is able to enter the harbouronlyif the height of the tide is at least 1.35 m. fuied = =
n 3
Find all times between 5 am and 5 pm on 3 March 2009during whichthe ship wasable to enter the => A
harbour. (3 marks)
5. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 2 MC 8. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 18 MC

2 n =,

wls| y
Period = a =4 ~ 2
. wT

wl 3
Period = — = =2
n

Amplitude = 2
=> A
Graphcentre line (median): y = 1.

“. Range = [1-2, 1+ 2]

=[-1,3] 9. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 4 MC

=> B wT
Period
erio = =
9

=> must be C or D

6. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 3 MC Shift y = tan(aw) right z

2 => C
Period = > =T7

Range = [~ 1-5, - 1+ 5]
= [-6,4] 10. Trigonometry,Z2ADV T3 SM-Bank 5 MC

Centre line (median): y = 5

Amplitude = 5

safe |
Period: 14 =
7. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2012 HSC 6 MC

Il
3
V3tang = — 1
_ 1
tanz V3

NYS
aa
“. Graph: y = 5-500s(
1 w
Whenen t tanz =o
Fa , 2 =—
6
=> B
Since tana is negative in 2"! /4'" quadrant
T T
“B= Tes or =e se

_ 5a llr
~ 6° 6
= D
11. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 6 MC 14. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2014 HSC 7 MC

wae
Period = > When (sina —1)(tanz +2) =0
44 Mean mark 25%, makingit the
_0 (sine -1) = 0 or tanr+2=0 toughest MC questionin the 2014
exam.
~ 1
3 COMMENT: Notethat the “2
If sin -1 = 0
solutions” answerrelies on the sum
= 3r
sing = 1 of aninfinity of zeros not equalling
zero. This concept created
=> D a= 5, O0<a<2r unintendeddifficulty in this
question.
If tana +2=0
tanz = — 2
12. Trigonometry, Z2ADV T3 2019 HSC 7 MC
dl,
a= 5(5.5-2.5) = 1.5 => Note that since tan > is undefined, there

Ui are only 2 solutions when tana = — 2

Since graph passes through (4, 5.5) :
, (which occurs in the 1st and 4th quadrants).
5.5 = L.bsin(b x *) +4
.
sin(b x 5) =
r

.. 2 solutions
Tv
wla

te oe = B

“Ob
No

15. Trigonometry, Z2ADV T2 2005 HSC 2a

1
cos9= —, 0 <6 <27
v2’
. T 1
13. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2016 HSC 6 MC Since cos i= a and cos
ela sla

Period = ¢ Mean mark 42%. is positive in 1st/4th quadrants

T T
g= Gam 7
un TT
16. Trigonometry,Z2ADV T2 2007 HSC 4a 19. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2010 HSC 8c

V2 sin 2 = 1 O<a<2n i A=4

T
. _ il li. Since the graph passes through (4 ( 4)
sin 2 = Va
Substituting into y = 4sinba
=> sin Be +. andsinis positive in
17 3 . T
dsin (b x +) =4
1st/2nd quadrants,
‘ T
T T sin(b x =) =]
E> 7? A
i T
bx —-=—
= oe “42
~ 4? 4
Vi b=2

iii. y MARKER'S COMMENT:Graphs

17. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2009 HSC 1e are consistently drawn too small by
manystudents. Aim to make your
+ y=4sin 2x
2cosé = 1 diagrams 1/3 to 1/2 of a page.

1 y=3sinx+1
cos@ = 2 14

v T
{8g
. =
Teles
< < —
O 1 ht x
2

18. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2015 HSC 12a

1
sf as &
sin 9
(0 iL a sue
=> sin() =F andsin is positive

in the 1st/2nd quadrants

ola

ho=
4

on
ala

6
20. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 9 21. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2006 HSC 7b

i. 2cos(w) +1= 0 i. f(x) = 1+ 2cosex

1 f(x) cuts the x-axis when f(x) = 0
cos(z) = — 2
Tv ‘ ‘ 1+ 2cosx = 0
=> cos io andcosis negative
2cost = — 1
in 2nd/8rd quadrant,
__ A
T wT cosx = 2
1 B= TH By T te
Qr .
£= zo as required
_ an An
~ 3° 3

ii. Ax)

Ax) = 142 cosx

(0, 3) (2z, 3)

2a

a
wla

Sy

ili. Area = / 1+ 2cosx dx

a

rolst
aa
= [« + 2sina] or
22. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2017 HSC 14a 24. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2016 HSC 11g

y =4-+3sin2a ~ ve 1
sin > = 5 for 0< a < 2

=> Amplitude of 3 about y = 4 => Base angle = a

Tc wT i
7 6° c
6 ’

A
5r 13 Tv
6) 6
aX

G7) FE, 7) 6? 600

fd sapencinanas cameeemane Rae ~ p=7

ee & for 0O< a < Ir

4 9------0------¢------b----------- > y=4

25. Trigonometry, ZADV T2 SM-Bank 34

1 a io RIE a ee nn NPE oes > y=
Divide both sides by cosa:
nm42om 3a x Sm 3n Im In Vv
°4 42 °4 V¥3sine = cose MARKER'S COMMENT: Many
students whofound the base angle
V3tana = 1 correctly could not solve within the
1 restrictions.
tangy = =
V3
23. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2011 HSC 2b 7
=> Baseangle = S

Qsina = — V3 where 0 <a < 20 MARKER'S COMMENT:Better

sing = —
v3
—
responses found the reference
angle and thenidentified the
2=—> ©
wT
or-—
57
or-SE, (-m Sa San)
—rT<s rT

an($) = 4
correct quadrants,as shownclearly
in the workedsolution.

26. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 SM-Bank 37

cos ae =
2) 2
w w
a = Troy
— 2 Ve -—
3
= Base angle =<

= 4, EE radians se mt On
9 $$ ?3? 37°
p=
ad
2h Bn 10m
9° 9° 9
—2n Qn wT v
= —-—<2@r< —
9° 9 ( 7 <*Sq)
27. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 SM-Bank 38 30. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2022 HSC 14

cos(2x) = 3
Amplitude = 4
2
=>k=4
5a 57 57
2a = —6° w-—
7 6° 2 7 + =6
Period = 67
oa Tn 1?r
20
~ 6'6? 67°" — = On
a
5a 77
=—,— <2<
®=Tpqqg (OSe<7) 6ra = Ir
i
a= 3

28. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 SM-Bank 39

. ( Qra ) V3 31. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 SM-Bank 12

sin| —— = - ——
3 2

= Base angle = 7 ~1< cos(=) 1

IA
2re An 5a 107 —3< 3cos (=) <3
3 38° 3° 38°"
5 1<4+ 3cos (7 )s7
“@=2or 5, (0<# <3)

“, Range 1<y<7

29. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2021 HSC 20 Period = = = an =4

n a
2
Find « suchthat:

2sinde = 1
indt = 2
sin4z = 2

4x = sin”! —

nw Sn 130 17x
ar oe
32. Trigonometry,Z2ADV T3 SM-Bank 13 33. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2018 HSC 15a

. mt r ant
i5 Ann occurs when sin ( 7) =-1 i, L(t) =12+ 2c0s( StF )

“Amin = 14-8
On 21 Dec 2015 > t = 0
MARKER'S COMMENT:Students.
whousedcalculusto find the
=6m “, £(0) = 12 + 2cos0
minimum wereless successful.

= 14 hours
T
ii, 14+ gsin ( t)
b
SIs ie

ii. Shortest length of daylight occurs when

1
rs,

*
E

ll

2
me

cos ome
366)ee = 1 ¢ Mean mark 43%.
*\
Solve in general:
.. Shortest length = 12 + 2( — 1)
w Tn wT 1lé
i= tam or jp? == + 2an,
= 10 hours
t= 14+4 24n t= 22+ 24n

iii, Find ¢ such that L(t) = 11:

Substitute integer values for n,
11 =12+ 200s ( 3 )
366
“.t=14 or 22, (O<t < 24)
ual eae
306) 2

ant _ an 2nt _ An
3663 or 366~~«*
, — 366 , 306 x2
“3 ~ 3
= 122 = 244

vt = 122 or 244
34. Trigonometry,Z2ADV T3 SM-Bank 10 35. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2013 HSC 13a

i. Period = id
n = on
= = 6 months i. P(t) = 400 + 50cos (=)
Tv

3
Amplitude = 400 Need to find t when P(t) = 375
wv
375 = 400 + 50cos (<4)
ii, Max: 1200 + 400 = 1600 wombats
T
Min: 1200-400 = 800 wombats
50cos(Tt)
Ocos 6 = 25
cos (7) = -5

iii, n(10) = 1200 + 100cos(

1
2 Since cos (=) = and cosis
= 1200 + 400cos (=)

2 F(Z). (4): (9)

1 negative in 2" /3™ quadrants:
= 1200 — 400 x 5

= 1000 wombats
_ 2a 4n 89
~ 37 3? 3°
iv. Find ¢ when n(t) = 1000 t=4, 8, 16,

1000 = 1200 + 400cos (5) “. Inthe 1st 12 months, P(t) = 375 when
t = 4 months and 8 months.
cos = = 1
3) 2
at 2x 4r 8x 107
3 gee
ii. @ Mean mark 39%
450
t = 2,4,8,10

Since n(0) = 1600, 350

300 |
=> n(t) drops below 1000 between t = 2 and t= 4,
and between t = 8 and ¢ = 10. 200 |
| period = 2% = 19

OD fe
i '
|i x

| 6
|
2+2 100 {j
“. Fraction = |
12 |
|

= 3 y ear
=i
12345 789 101i !
36. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2022 HSC 23 37. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2004 HSC 9a

i. 1 — tan?0 + tan’0-...
a. Since -1 < cos( Str) <1:

= GP where a=1, r= i = — tan?

Low Tide = 1.3 ~ 0.6(1) = 0.7 m Ty
High Tide = 1.3 —0.6(—1) =1.9m _ L
1 S00 TT (— tan?0)
_ 1
b. Time between two low tides = Period of equation (7)
~ 1+ tan26
Qn _ 4a a mark part (b)
—_ oil
n 25 ~ sec?
n 25
= cos’
Qn dn
25
n= = hours
ii, Find @ suchthat |r| <1

| — tan? | <i
c. Find t when d=1:
ee ¢ Mean markpart (c)
tan’@ < 1
3 — 0.6c08
1.3 0. —t)=
( ) 1 46%, —l<tand <1
Tv wT
4a gee Seat
- 0.6.08 ( $+) =-—0.3

cos an = s
2) 2

wy oe,
25 3° 3
4 = 25 125
~ 12’ 12

.. Time between low tides where water depth > 1m

125 25
~ 12 12
_ 100
~ 12
25
=> hours
38. Trigonometry, 2ADV T2 2008 HSC 6a 39. Trigonometry, 2ADV T3 2009 HSC 7b
. x
asin® (=) =1 for —-rt<a<r 4¢ Although exact data not available, hee 1 + 0.7sin(t) for 0<t<12

w(3) =!
markers specifically mentioned this
question waspoorly answered.
p= 20 where n = =
n 6

= ten 4
wT
= 12 hours

MARKER'S COMMENT:Many
students had problemsadjusting .. The period of h is 12 hours.
their answer to the given domain,
especially when dealing with
negative angles.
ii. Find h at low tide

= h will be a minimum when IMPORTANT:Using sina: = —1 fora

sin ( at) =-1 minimum hereis very effective and
~ timeefficient. This property oftrig
V2 functionsis often very usefulin
*~ Amn = 1+ 0.7(— 1) harder questions.
ct 3a
3 Pe = 0.3 metres

__ 3 _ on
oN EE
Since sing = —1 when «= =

a=- o for —-a<sa<T wh BE

6 2
t= att x a
. 9 T

= 9 hours

.. Low tide occurs at 2pm (5 am + 9 hours)

iii. Find ¢ when h > 1.35

1 + 0.7sin t) > 1.35

LS
ala aly ala
"
a
o
nq

>
n
5

So
w
IV

ao
LO
sin t) > 5

T 1
sin( 71) =7 when

T nm Sr 130
a G° 6° —, etc
 ni-

et hienienien’

Fromthe graph,

sin( 1) 2s when 1<t<5

.. Ship can enter the harbour between 6 am and 10 am.

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