What Is Gender? level is 75.

85% and female literacy

level is only 54.16%
❖ Gender describes the role rights and
responsibilities that society consider ➢ Child Marriage: Children specially
s appropriate for men and women. the girls are married at a very young
❖ It refers to social economic and age. This proves fatal for their
cultural attributes and opportunities overall development and have a
associates with being a male or negative impact on their health, too.
female.
❖ Gender roles responsibilities ➢ Social evils: Social evils like dowry
inequalities and differences are Hot system, sati system, are also
the same in various societies responsible for the low status of
women.
>Gender inequality refers to disparity
between individuals due to gender. Gender ➢ Discrimination against the girl child:
is constructed both socially through social The girl child is not treated properly
interactions as well as biologically through in the family. People still prefer the
chromosomes, brain structure, and birth of a boy rather than a girl. The
hormonal differences. girl child is basically trained for
household work only. Even today,
•Gender inequality has been prevalent in female infanticide is a common
all societies for centuries and continues to social evil.
exist even today
Types Of Gender Inequalities
•An example of gender prejudice is female
foeticide. The widespread practice of There are many kinds of gender
aborting, female foeticide happens every inequality or follows: gender
day: the reality of gender inequality in India, disparity which are as
origin of gender inequality and how to
deactivate it. ❖ INEQUALITY IN FAMILY
❖ NATALITY INEQUALITY
•One of the most evil forms of discrimination ❖ PROFESSIONAL OR
faced by a girl after marriage is the practice EMPLOYMENT
of dowry. INEQUALITY
❖ OWNERSHIP INEQUALITY
Some of the factors responsible for ❖ HOUSEHOLD INEQUALITY
gender inequality ❖ SPECIAL OPPORTUNITY
INEQUALITY
➢ Illiteracy; Itinerancy is one of the
factors responsible for gender INEQUALITY IN FAMILY
inequality. According to 2001 census
of India., the literacy level in India is Polygamy is legal for Muslims and it also
65.38% in which the male literacy exists to some extent among Hindus,
particularly in cases where the first wife has in in East Asia, sia, in China and South
not given birth to any sons. Korea in particular, but also in Singapore
and Taiwan, and it is beginning to emerge
Bepsasliation is also legal for Muslims. For as a statistically significant phenomenon in
persons of other religious beliefs, the India and South Asia as well.
divorce proceedings have been equal for
men and women since 1976. Divorce by Professional or Employment inequality
mutual consent is legal but in reality, any
woman who initiates a divorce is In terms of employmesst as well as
condemned by the public opinion. For that promotion in work and occupation, women
reason, divorces are very rare. often face greater handicap than men. A
country like Japan and India may be quite
The father alone detains parental authority egalitarian in matters of detography or basic
in Hindu and Muslim families. His authority facilities, and even, to a great extent, in
is partially limited only in educated and higher education, and yet progress to
urban families. In the event of divorce, the elevated levels of employment and
law assures some equality with regards to occupation seems to be much more
child custody, but any advantages granted problematic for women than for men. The
to the mother in this aspect rarely exercised example of employment inequality can be
as divorces are not common practice. explained by saying that men get priority in
seeking job than women
The old Hindu traditions favored men in
matters of inheritance only sens not OWNERSHIP INEQUALITY
daughters could inherit their parents. After
independence, however, these traditions In many sacieties the ownership of property
were abolished by abolished by law. But in can also be very unequal. Even basic
the North, nothing has really changed and assets such as homes and land may be
women are still deprived of inheritance very asymmetrically shared. The absence of
claims to property can not only reduce the
Natality inequality voice of women, but also make it harder for
women to enter and flourish in commercial,
In this type of inequality a preference is economic and even some social activities.
given for boys over girls that many This type of inequality has existed in most
male-dominated societies have, gender parts of the world. though there are also
inequality con manifest itself in the form of local variations. For example, even though
the parents wanting the t newborn to be a traditional property rights have favored men
boy rather than a girl. a girl. There was was in the bulk of India.
a time when this could be no more than a
wish (a daydream or a nightmare, Household Inequality
depending on one's perspective), but with
the availability of modern techniques to There are often caough, basic inequalities in
determine the gender of the foetus, gender relations within the family or the
sex-selective abortion has become common household, which con toko many different
in many countries. It is particularly prevalent Forms. Eren in onses in which there are no
erent signs of cali female biaz in. zay,
survival or san-preference or education, or
even in promotion to higher executive
positions, the family arrangements con be
quite unequal in terms of sharing the burden
of housewark and child core. It is. for
example, quite common in many societies
to take it for granted that while men will
naturally work outside the home, women
could do it if and only if they could combine
it with various inescapable and unequally
shared household dotier. This is zometimes
solled "division of Inbour." though women
could be forgiven for reeing it ar
"accumulation of laboor." The reach of thir
inequel vality includer nel caly veequel
relations within the family, but size
derivative inequalitier is employment and
recognition in the outside world. Rise, the
established fisity of this igpe of "division" or
"oscumulation" of inbour cee also have
farred ing effects on the knowledge and
understanding of different types of work is
professional circles.