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14. SemiConducior es
Mre® clorrigication of Metals
Dmetals 2 They possess Nosy Joss Yeaishvig .
0 = 18% 0 19 * Bm
AD Semicerducdors + They have. Voristivity twemmedictta. to
meals and tnsulodors -
P= 10 to wo am
WD reaulodors + hoy, Yous hgh Norisviag..
|
|
| Ny \q
| Fa 19 Ft 12 2m,
[Slowontal semiconductors + Giese? ete,
(compoud Semicorductore + Gans, TnP ete.
|Brxtnvic_Semicordudor £ Pine semtenducior.
Tyan Inimic semconuctor , the. Number Ob theoa_
|dlarrors (ne) & equal to te. umber of helos (yy and
(Gch B equal Fo the frantnaic_ Charge. corner Concanralton
| Ss
. < oe a
| ] a
|
| e
| &
| N ceo
| ee oo
O_o
— oo
=| Fe ANIC Semiconductors
Sa exnicerduidor .
pp. Saiconducie’s &
sus somicorductos GOH
padovolors wgudities Suck) aa As; P > sb.
fox on dye. Semiconductor's, we onl
Ne>>N
Petype Semi conductor &
P-rgPe— Samicsrduanr & obraivad ‘by Aopig—
abe apavolona— — FORPURNeD Svdn 48 Tn, By A\-
we hove , dow P~ tyre Gerd cord aes ,
Yn Ne
een equilibdven Nenn= Ne
| Ben aan E,
0. 0(2N =
De ee
Ep
[a Ae He. eRe BY
| & — ey eS 0.0] ~o.0Fev
*. ° —
°
ae 2. 2
N~ype. Semicorducroy P-MyPe. Semicerductoy
y>O% wTwe0k©
M4e5] Pe Sunsion 5.
Trea single cxystal oF Ge orcs thar ove halt
Portion ack os P-type Semiconductor and she otha
hole os 1 Ayre Semicondudor.
YrS\) Pay Sunelion Fxwedions
: et Depletion Yopior)
.
fe
eleuwon dete elotran dtusion
Hola Avtuaion—> . Wde dxidt-
| Diwusion &
Net low of choxges tim a exon ob igh
| contandcodion Fo a Vagion af low Concandvadi on ,
Sx
Tho motion 08 charge caniexe dus to slaric tield.
The, -SPoce
|
E jon_Losgox 8
| ‘ ny etthor gfe ob the.
| coxga. vegien ©
| Jonerton fogaterr cb lenow ad doplenon veeion.
| Bowler Potential 3
Aceumulodion of nogadive. Changes th Aho P-vegfon
|
|
ond Postive. charges ty the. -vagion sek UP a Potential
ditterone ocmss fhe. function . Thi ack aa oxo
ond & calle lanier potential.@
DUHwIon current 8
=pigyusion oy TOMy choxge. Gxviexs
Ma Jundion gives ise. do an chic. CoeN gor
Pon sido anh & Coblod dittuafon current,
OcKnes
ma Guxrent §
Tho. CuKIaRr = Sehup by tre ratnopy drarge—
Caxxioxs Uedox tre. ingluarca 0} baxriex ald (<2)
from nePp sta ord & allel dtr canon.
Ib] Sericonudor divdes
A semicoructoy dicde & baa a
Jondion with niegellic. contacrs «provides Ok fro. ends.
o—}}+——+
| pu
P-n
j na Borwoxd _biass
Ty Ave positive. serxminal Of bortopp convacied,
49 fra Pside ard tre nagedive_ Ferrina} fo Tho
N~side. Ronste: Pay junckon & aid Jo le quran
bias.
Noltrnakere
a NN be
eS
PN f ea
om 1 ee
ae
+ -
n©
sho. applied potersioh mostly, dvops across ae
Afoda doplorion —vagton . _ i
Apphed porensiol 2V
Balt & — poientiol = = Ne
Boxter ase = Vo (swoll)
sho dikewion vy Ate apyvied voltage \\D i opposite
jo wre Youll bs porenaiol No, AS oO sons daplaxion
Joys with daxeoses ard boxvey oiphe dasransed.
Uy bed}, Rerwxse. Bad §
Ty he postine. teaming) oF pars oO conradted
| 40 Abe. nweside anh veges syoxwinel 40 te Ppste jyren
| po guraion & said FO Ye — 7
| " je
: | eee Oe)
| ee | 4 P eee
ey eee
| Af Se coae yer Ak |
powied Whap =V
pullt th Potential = Yo
ponies baighr = Vor ( widors)
The dixesion of applied Nobis & oreo os tho
disesion cr bowie potenich . Re a Yew beter hatghe
Frexeared ond Ho doploXor vegfon sidan ,(Frond \%an)
eae
oO
ot Wich Peo XN
ho. forward Vol
rough aha Pen Suncor, Staats Tnecaossyy xopidlyy.
§&® known 03 he anveshald Voltage .
whan ata yevexse. Vol:
Vedas a. suaticierilyy igh vals sha ouense- exxcant—
Suddenly fncxomses yo a lexge-- Valuo., This voltage
Called breakdown voltage—.
Hage. ALVOSS sre pen ivrciion
pcomc SeSienw is
Ratio oF Small Chongg th applied Voltage ay
yo ata comeaponding change Gn Garner at,
AN
‘a
ot®
JA Reaitiex’
Fre PORSS od COMVENAZ aN alterrotipy awecand—
Bh doa diner carer GG Colllad Yawiicodion ord Th
dwrtico used gor The Pwass ix collad ‘vanktiox.
alg wore _Yectigiers
Fran agocnoxe
fK ~A
pO
Re RL
Sinpuke
& Y
|
Tepubt AC
No\rage- ok
' ;
: LO ~ — Noltage across
RL
owpur volrage—
* vilen the \eltage A Postive |, He cltoda_
tb forward brads ard ik conducts,
*® wren A & Ngetve the diode d Yeu
biased ok te dnes not cordutck,| Oernss Ry
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fullupwo— Yectiiiex?
ovspur
>t
» Whon Rd positive , B& Nnegetive , So dioda =D,
gets juwoxd Bosal and Corducts.
«x whan RG Negative, Ba Pasitve , So Boda Da,
gets docwoxd, blared ard Conducts .
* Tha we ger output Niolhage— orig both the
Postine- bok egclo— axwoll as Negative holt Yeo.