Utilizamos Los comparativos y superlativos para comparar dos o más
sustantivos.
La formación de la comparativa y superlativa depende del número de
sílabas en el adjetivo:
REGLA 1
El comparativo y superlativo de los adjetivos de una sílaba se forman
agregando las terminaciones -er y -est al final del adjetivo:
Tall alto taller más alto the tallest el más alto
John is tall, but Bill is taller than John.
John es alto pero Bill es más alto que John.
Jack is very tall. He is the tallest man in the team.
Jack es muy alto. El es el hombre más alto del equipo.
Nota: cuando se hacen comparación entre dos cosas o personas usamos
la partícula than (que).
REGLA 2
Los adjetivos que terminan con vocal seguida de una consonante duplican la
Consonante final antes de agregar las terminaciones -er or -est:
hot >> hotter >> hottest
REGLA 3
Los adjetivos de dos sílabas que terminan en -y cambian la y por i y se agregan
las terminaciones -er or -est:
London is bigger than Santiago.
Mike is taller than John but James is the tallest. It was the happiest day of my life.
Yesterday was the hottest day of the year. My joke was funnier than your one.
It is the oldest building in the village. This section is easier than the rest.
I want a faster car.
REGLA 4
En el caso de adjetivos de más de dos sílabas, el comparativo y superlativo se
forman generalmente con more y most:
beautiful >> more beautiful than >> the most beautiful
My girlfriend is more beautiful than yours.
Alex is more intelligent than you but I am the most intelligent.
It was the most wonderful day I have ever had.
EXCEPCIONES: Sin embargo, existen algunos adjetivos que, a
pesar de tener 2 sílabas, se los trata como adjetivos largos o
polisílabos y forman el comparativo y superlativo
con more y most. Trata de memorizarlos:
absurd >> more absurd than >> the most absurd
modern >> more modern than >> the most modern
polite >> more polite than >> the most polite
serious >> more serious than >> the most serious
tired >> more tired than >> the most tired
REGLA 5
Recuerda que los comparativos y superlativos "irregulares" cambian totalmente. Aquí
tienes algunos:
good >> better >> best
bad >> worse >> worst
far >> farther / further >> farthest / furthest
I am a better tennis player than you but Marcelo is the best.
Steve is a worse liar than me but Adrian is the worst.
*** Farther - Further
Further / farther, furthest / farthest are all used for distance.
Only Further / furthest are used to mean 'additional' or 'more
advanced'.
Puerto Montt is further / farther than Valdivia is from here (in
Santiago).
If you require further information, please contact reception.
Remember that the opposites of 'more' and 'most' are 'less' and
'least', respectively.
**** Older - Eldest
We use elder / eldest when we are talking about
family relationships and normally only before a noun
(not by itself unless it is a pronoun).
He is my elder brother. (We cannot say: My brother is
elder than me. - incorrect)
The eldest sister would pass on her dresses to the
younger one.
Comparative and Superlative of ILL
When comparing how ill people are, you will normally
hear worse or the worst and not "iller or illest". Some
people may prefer to replace ill with sick (sicker,
sickest) when comparing.
