(1)

CATJEE
BETTER EDUCATION THROUGH RESEARCH

LOGARITHM (CLASS 11th BATCH)

ASSIGNMENT BASED ON LECTURE 2

1. Write the followings in logarithmic form:

(i) 53 = 125 (ii) 10−4 = 0.0001
2. Express each of the followings in exponential form:
(i) log 2 1024 = 10 (ii) log5 0.04 = −2
3. Find the value of each of the followings:
(i) log3 5 45 (ii) log 2 ( 2log3 ( log5 125 ) )

4. Find x: log(1/9 ) 27 3 = x

5. Solve for x: 5log a x + 5x log a 5 = 3

a+b 1
6. If a 3 + b3 = ab ( 8 − 3a − 3b ) , show that log = ( log a + log b ) .
2 3
7. Prove that log 2 7 is an irrational number.
log x log y log z
8. If = = , then which of the following is/are true
b−c c−a a −b
(a) xyz = 1 (b) x a y b z c = 1 (c) x b + c yc + a z a + b = 1 (d) xyz = x a y b z c

9. Solve the system of equations , a > 0, a ≠ 1 : ( loga x ) loga ( xyz ) = 48

( loga y ) loga ( xyz ) = 12 .
( loga z ) loga ( xyz ) = 84
log a log b log c
10. If = = then value of a a b b cc is equal to
b−c c−a a −b
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) abc (d) 1/abc

CATJEE Raman Niwas, Near Akashwani, Mahmoorganj, Varanasi, Ph (0542) 2363455. website: catjee.com
 (2)

CATJEE
BETTER EDUCATION THROUGH RESEARCH

LOGARITHM
SOLUTION TO ASSIGNMENT BASED ON LECTURE 2
1. (i) 53 = 125 ⇒ log5 125 = 3 ⇒ a 3 + b3 + 3a 2 b + 3ab 2 = 8ab
(ii) 10−4 = 0.0001 ⇒ log10 0.0001 = −4 ⇒ ( a + b ) = 8ab ⇒
3 ( a + b )3
= ab
8
2. (i) log 2 1024 = 10 ⇒ 210 = 1024 3
a+b
(ii) log5 0.04 = −2 ⇒ 5−2 = 0.04 ⇒  = ab
 2 
( )
2 3
3. (i) log3 5 45 = log3 5 3 5 a+b
⇒ log   = log ab
 2 
= 2log3 5 3 5 = 2 × 1 = 2
a+b
⇒ 3log   = log ( ab )
(ii) log 2 ( 2log3 ( log5 125 ) )  2 

( ( ))
a+b 1 1
= log 2 2log3 log5 53 ⇒ log   = log ( ab ) = ( log a + log b )
 2  3 3
= log 2 ( 2log3 ( 3log5 5 ) ) 7. If possible let log 2 7 be a rational number.
p
= log 2 ( 2log3 3) Let log 2 7 = ⇒ 2p/q = 7 ⇒ 2p = 7q
q
= log 2 2 = 1
But 2p is always even and 7q is always odd
4. log1/9 27 3 = x p
x ∴ 2p ≠ 7q ⇒ log 2 7 ≠
( ) = 33.31/2
1 x q
⇒   = 27 3 ⇒ 9−1
9 ⇒ log 2 7 is not rational.
⇒ 9− x = 37/2 ⇒ ( 32 ) = ( 3)7/2
−x
log x log y log z
8. Let = = =k
b−c c−a a −b
⇒ ( 3−2x ) = ( 3)7/2 ⇒ −2x = ⇒ x = − ⇒ log x = k ( b − c ) ,log y = k ( c − a )
7 7
&
2 4
log z = k ( a − b )
5. 5log a x + 5x log a 5 = 3
(a) Let P = xyz
( )
⇒ 5log a x + 5 x loga 5 = 3 ⇒ log P = log x + log y + log z

⇒ 5log a x + 5 ( 5log a x ) = 3 ,
= k (b − c + c − a + a − b) = 0
⇒ P =1

(∵ alogx b = blog x a ) (b) Let Q = x a y b z c

⇒ log Q = a log x + b log y + c log z
⇒ (1 + 5 ) 5log a x = 3 ⇒ 6 × ( 5loga x ) = 3 = a.k ( b − c ) + b.k ( c − a ) + c.k ( a − b )
= k ( ab − ca + bc − ab + ca − bc ) = 0
log a x 1 1
⇒5 = ⇒ log 5   = log a x ⇒ Q =1
2 2
(c) Let R = x b + c .yc + a .za + b
log 2−1
⇒ log 2−1 = log a x ⇒ x = a 5 or ⇒ logR = ( b + c) logx + ( c + a) logy + ( a + b) logz
5
= ( b + c) k( b −c) +( c + a) k( c −a) +( a + b) k( a − b)
( )
log a
x = 2 −1 5

− log 2 − log a
( )
= k b 2 − c 2 + c 2 − a 2 + a 2 − b 2 = k.0 = 0
⇒ x=a 5 or x = 2 5 ⇒ R =1 (a, b, c, d)
6. a + b = ab ( 8 − 3a − 3b )
3 3 9. log a x log a ( xyz ) = 48

⇒ a 3 + b3 = 8ab − 3a 2 b − 3ab 2 ⇒ log a x log a x + log a y + log a z  = 48

CATJEE Raman Niwas, Near Akashwani, Mahmoorganj, Varanasi, Ph (0542) 2363455. website: catjee.com
 (3)
Let log a x = X,log a y = Y & log a z = Z 1 1 1
⇒ x= ,y = & z = .
∴ X ( X + Y + Z ) = 48 …(i) a 4 a a7
Similarly Y ( X + Y + Z ) = 12 …(ii) 10. Let
log a log b log c
= = =k
b−c c−a a −b
And Z ( X + Y + Z ) = 84 …(iii)
⇒
Adding (i), (ii) & (iii): ( X + Y + Z) 2
= 144 log a = k ( b − c ) ,log b = k ( c − a ) ,log c = k ( a − b )
⇒ X + Y + Z = 12 or X + Y + Z = −12 Let a a b b cc = x
⇒ a log a + b log b + c log c = log x
CASE I: Let X + Y + Z = 12
From (i), (ii) & (iii): X = 4, Y = 1 & Z = 7 ⇒ k  a ( b − c ) + b ( c − a ) + c ( a − b )  = log x
⇒ 0 = log x
⇒ x = a 4 , y = a, z = a 7
⇒ x =1 (b)
CASE II: Let X + Y + Z = −12
From (i), (ii) & (iii): X = −4, Y = −1& Z = −7
⇒ x = a −4 , y = a −1 & z = a −7

CATJEE Raman Niwas, Near Akashwani, Mahmoorganj, Varanasi, Ph (0542) 2363455. website: catjee.com