Quantum computing, a revolutionary field within the broader scope of computer science and quantum
mechanics, is poised to redefine the boundaries of computational power. Unlike classical computers,
which rely on bits as the smallest unit of data, quantum computers use quantum bits or qubits. Qubits
exploit the principles of superposition and entanglement, enabling them to represent and process
information in ways that classical bits cannot. This fundamental difference allows quantum computers
to solve complex problems exponentially faster than their classical counterparts. The journey of
quantum computing began with theoretical proposals in the early 1980s by physicists such as Richard
Feynman and David Deutsch. Feynman suggested that quantum systems could be used to simulate
physical processes that classical computers struggled with. Deutsch extended this idea by formulating
the concept of a universal quantum computer. These foundational ideas laid the groundwork for
experimental advancements that followed.