Introduction to Algorithmics
Mohamed MESSABIHI
[email protected]
University of Tlemcen
Department of Computer Science
https://sites.google.com/site/informatiquemessabihi/
What Does "Programming" Mean?
Programming means creating "computer programs". Programs instruct
the computer to perform actions.
• A calculator is a program.
• Your Microsoft Word is a program.
• Facebook is a program.
• Video games are programs.
• Spotify is a program
• ...
What Does "Programming" Mean?
Programming means creating "computer programs". Programs instruct
the computer to perform actions.
• A calculator is a program.
• Your Microsoft Word is a program.
• Facebook is a program.
• Video games are programs.
• Spotify is a program
• ...
What Does "Programming" Mean?
Programming means creating "computer programs". Programs instruct
the computer to perform actions.
• A calculator is a program.
• Your Microsoft Word is a program.
• Facebook is a program.
• Video games are programs.
• Spotify is a program
• ...
What Does "Programming" Mean?
Programming means creating "computer programs". Programs instruct
the computer to perform actions.
• A calculator is a program.
• Your Microsoft Word is a program.
• Facebook is a program.
• Video games are programs.
• Spotify is a program
• ...
What Does "Programming" Mean?
Programming means creating "computer programs". Programs instruct
the computer to perform actions.
• A calculator is a program.
• Your Microsoft Word is a program.
• Facebook is a program.
• Video games are programs.
• Spotify is a program
• ...
What Does "Programming" Mean?
Programming means creating "computer programs". Programs instruct
the computer to perform actions.
• A calculator is a program.
• Your Microsoft Word is a program.
• Facebook is a program.
• Video games are programs.
• Spotify is a program
• ...
"Programming", indeed! But which language
should we use?
• The computer only understands machine language. For example, the
instruction "Perform the calculation 4 + 7" is translated into
machine language as: 0010110110010011010011110
• This machine language is called binary language
• This binary language is incomprehensible.
• The computer does not speak English, French, or Arabic.
Problem
How can we communicate with the computer in a simpler way than in
binary?
"Programming", indeed! But which language
should we use?
• The computer only understands machine language. For example, the
instruction "Perform the calculation 4 + 7" is translated into
machine language as: 0010110110010011010011110
• This machine language is called binary language
• This binary language is incomprehensible.
• The computer does not speak English, French, or Arabic.
Problem
How can we communicate with the computer in a simpler way than in
binary?
"Programming", indeed! But which language
should we use?
• The computer only understands machine language. For example, the
instruction "Perform the calculation 4 + 7" is translated into
machine language as: 0010110110010011010011110
• This machine language is called binary language
• This binary language is incomprehensible.
• The computer does not speak English, French, or Arabic.
Problem
How can we communicate with the computer in a simpler way than in
binary?
"Programming", indeed! But which language
should we use?
• The computer only understands machine language. For example, the
instruction "Perform the calculation 4 + 7" is translated into
machine language as: 0010110110010011010011110
• This machine language is called binary language
• This binary language is incomprehensible.
• The computer does not speak English, French, or Arabic.
Problem
How can we communicate with the computer in a simpler way than in
binary?
"Programming", indeed! But which language
should we use?
• The computer only understands machine language. For example, the
instruction "Perform the calculation 4 + 7" is translated into
machine language as: 0010110110010011010011110
• This machine language is called binary language
• This binary language is incomprehensible.
• The computer does not speak English, French, or Arabic.
Problem
How can we communicate with the computer in a simpler way than in
binary?
Programming Languages
• Invent new languages that can be translated into binary for the
computer.
• The most challenging part is to create the program that performs
this "translation."
• Fortunately,this program has already been written by computer
scientists, so we won’t have to rewrite it.
• We will use it to write sentences like "Perform the calculation 3 +
5," which will be translated by the "translation" program into
something like "0010110110010011010011110."
Programming Languages
• Invent new languages that can be translated into binary for the
computer.
• The most challenging part is to create the program that performs
this "translation."
• Fortunately,this program has already been written by computer
scientists, so we won’t have to rewrite it.
• We will use it to write sentences like "Perform the calculation 3 +
5," which will be translated by the "translation" program into
something like "0010110110010011010011110."
Programming Languages
• Invent new languages that can be translated into binary for the
computer.
• The most challenging part is to create the program that performs
this "translation."
• Fortunately,this program has already been written by computer
scientists, so we won’t have to rewrite it.
• We will use it to write sentences like "Perform the calculation 3 +
5," which will be translated by the "translation" program into
something like "0010110110010011010011110."
Programming Languages
• Invent new languages that can be translated into binary for the
computer.
• The most challenging part is to create the program that performs
this "translation."
• Fortunately,this program has already been written by computer
scientists, so we won’t have to rewrite it.
• We will use it to write sentences like "Perform the calculation 3 +
5," which will be translated by the "translation" program into
something like "0010110110010011010011110."
Programming Languages
• Invent new languages that can be translated into binary for the
computer.
• The most challenging part is to create the program that performs
this "translation."
• Fortunately,this program has already been written by computer
scientists, so we won’t have to rewrite it.
• We will use it to write sentences like "Perform the calculation 3 +
5," which will be translated by the "translation" program into
something like "0010110110010011010011110."
Why Program in C?
• There are many programming languages like C, C++, Java, Visual
Basic, Python, etc.
• C is a very popular language.
• It provides a solid foundation in programming and computer
architecture.
• It equips you with skills to learn any other programming languages
easily.
• It’s used for developing various software applications.
• Often taught in computer science studies.
Why Program in C?
• There are many programming languages like C, C++, Java, Visual
Basic, Python, etc.
• C is a very popular language.
• It provides a solid foundation in programming and computer
architecture.
• It equips you with skills to learn any other programming languages
easily.
• It’s used for developing various software applications.
• Often taught in computer science studies.
Why Program in C?
• There are many programming languages like C, C++, Java, Visual
Basic, Python, etc.
• C is a very popular language.
• It provides a solid foundation in programming and computer
architecture.
• It equips you with skills to learn any other programming languages
easily.
• It’s used for developing various software applications.
• Often taught in computer science studies.
Why Program in C?
• There are many programming languages like C, C++, Java, Visual
Basic, Python, etc.
• C is a very popular language.
• It provides a solid foundation in programming and computer
architecture.
• It equips you with skills to learn any other programming languages
easily.
• It’s used for developing various software applications.
• Often taught in computer science studies.
Why Program in C?
• There are many programming languages like C, C++, Java, Visual
Basic, Python, etc.
• C is a very popular language.
• It provides a solid foundation in programming and computer
architecture.
• It equips you with skills to learn any other programming languages
easily.
• It’s used for developing various software applications.
• Often taught in computer science studies.
Why Program in C?
• There are many programming languages like C, C++, Java, Visual
Basic, Python, etc.
• C is a very popular language.
• It provides a solid foundation in programming and computer
architecture.
• It equips you with skills to learn any other programming languages
easily.
• It’s used for developing various software applications.
• Often taught in computer science studies.
Is Programming difficult?
• Do you need to be a genius to start programming? NO
• Do you need to be an eminent mathematician to start
programming? NO
• You just need to understand how computers work.
• However, programmers need qualities like:
• Patience: A program never works perfectly on the first try; you need
to persistent!
• Logical thinking: while you don’t have to be a math expert, but
you’ll still need to think logically.
• Calmness: No, hitting your computer with a hammer won’t make
your program work.
Is Programming difficult?
• Do you need to be a genius to start programming? NO
• Do you need to be an eminent mathematician to start
programming? NO
• You just need to understand how computers work.
• However, programmers need qualities like:
• Patience: A program never works perfectly on the first try; you need
to persistent!
• Logical thinking: while you don’t have to be a math expert, but
you’ll still need to think logically.
• Calmness: No, hitting your computer with a hammer won’t make
your program work.
Is Programming difficult?
• Do you need to be a genius to start programming? NO
• Do you need to be an eminent mathematician to start
programming? NO
• You just need to understand how computers work.
• However, programmers need qualities like:
• Patience: A program never works perfectly on the first try; you need
to persistent!
• Logical thinking: while you don’t have to be a math expert, but
you’ll still need to think logically.
• Calmness: No, hitting your computer with a hammer won’t make
your program work.
Is Programming difficult?
• Do you need to be a genius to start programming? NO
• Do you need to be an eminent mathematician to start
programming? NO
• You just need to understand how computers work.
• However, programmers need qualities like:
• Patience: A program never works perfectly on the first try; you need
to persistent!
• Logical thinking: while you don’t have to be a math expert, but
you’ll still need to think logically.
• Calmness: No, hitting your computer with a hammer won’t make
your program work.
Is Programming difficult?
• Do you need to be a genius to start programming? NO
• Do you need to be an eminent mathematician to start
programming? NO
• You just need to understand how computers work.
• However, programmers need qualities like:
• Patience: A program never works perfectly on the first try; you need
to persistent!
• Logical thinking: while you don’t have to be a math expert, but
you’ll still need to think logically.
• Calmness: No, hitting your computer with a hammer won’t make
your program work.
Is Programming difficult?
• Do you need to be a genius to start programming? NO
• Do you need to be an eminent mathematician to start
programming? NO
• You just need to understand how computers work.
• However, programmers need qualities like:
• Patience: A program never works perfectly on the first try; you need
to persistent!
• Logical thinking: while you don’t have to be a math expert, but
you’ll still need to think logically.
• Calmness: No, hitting your computer with a hammer won’t make
your program work.
What Do You Need for C Programming?
• Programmers need three tools: a text editor, a compiler, and a
debugger.
• You can install these tools separately or use an Integrated
Development Environment (IDE).
• IDEs like Code::Blocks, Visual C++, Pycharm and Xcode simplify
the development process.
What Do You Need for C Programming?
• Programmers need three tools: a text editor, a compiler, and a
debugger.
• You can install these tools separately or use an Integrated
Development Environment (IDE).
• IDEs like Code::Blocks, Visual C++, Pycharm and Xcode simplify
the development process.
What Do You Need for C Programming?
• Programmers need three tools: a text editor, a compiler, and a
debugger.
• You can install these tools separately or use an Integrated
Development Environment (IDE).
• IDEs like Code::Blocks, Visual C++, Pycharm and Xcode simplify
the development process.
My First C Program
Example C Program
# include < stdio .h >
int main () {
printf ( " Hello , World !\ n " ) ;
return 0;
}
• when you run this program, it will display "Hello, World!" on the
screen and then terminate with a success status of 0.
• This simple program is often used as a starting point for learning
new programming languages, as it provides a basic understanding of
how to output text to the console.
Comments in C
Example:
/* Below are preprocessor directives . These lines add files
to the project ,
files called libraries . Thanks to these libraries , we have
pre - made functions to display messages on the screen . */
# include < stdio .h >
# include < stdlib .h >
/* Below , you have the main function of the program , called
main . All programs start with this function . Here , my
function simply displays " Hello " on the screen . */
int main ()
{
printf ( " Hello " ) ; // This instruction displays " Hello " on
the screen
return 0; // The program returns the number 0 and stops
}
