INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY

INTERNSHIP REPORT

MA PSYCHOLOGY

(MPCE – 025)

Duration:

Submitted By:

Name :
Enrolment No. :
Regional Centre :
Study Centre :

Course Code :
Year :
Mobile :
E-mail ID :
Name of the Agency Supervisor :
Name of the Organisation :

1|Page
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my deepest gratitude and regard to my supervisor _____________ for

her deep insights and wisdom on the execution of the internship. She was of
immense help throughout the internship. Her application and knowledge of the
subject enriched my journey in the field of counselling psychology.

I sincerely thank Vision Institute, Rohini, Delhi for their unwavering support in
complete my internship and encouragement to learn new experiences. Their open
supporting approach and democratic attitude helped me in taking case histories
without any kind of interference. I also express my sincere gratitude to the staff at
study centre.

2|Page
 PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION
ABOUT US

3|Page
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

S. No. TOPIC PAGE NO.

Introduction about Internship 15

1. Case-1 Social Anxiety 16-24
2. Case-2 Career Counselling 25-31
3. Case-3 Learning disability (Dyslexia) 32-38
4. Case-4 Behavioural Issues 39-49
5. Case-5 Career Counselling 50-57
6. Case-6 Exams Anxiety 58-65
7. Case-7 Depression 66-74
8. Case-8 Lack of Self-esteem 75-83
9. Case-9 Anger Issues 84-90
10. Case-10 Screen Addiction 91-98

4|Page
 INTRODUCTION OF INTERNSHIP

Psychology Internships are internships that are related to Psychological Science as a field of
study. Internships have been defined as job training for different organizations. Internships are
meant to help students or workers increase their expertise in their field of study and get a grasp
of what the work field has to offer. Almost every college and university offers internships to
their students in order to help them get a head start on their careers.

Because psychology is a complex undergraduate degree program, students often don’t get what
they intended from the internships they take part in. Universities bear some responsibility here,
as they are supposed to be the main source of internship enrollment. Students often complain that
they have a hard time finding jobs after their internships, even when the internships relate to the
jobs they are interested in. Lacking the appropriate experience, a student may step into a job and
struggle to connect the new responsibilities with past internship experiences.

An internship in psychology gives you an opportunity to apply theories and principles you’ve
been learning in your psychology courses to the “real world” of social service agencies, medical
institutions, the criminal justice system, business, and industry. During an internship, you can
explore career interests, develop pre-professional skills, see how community organizations work,
expand your clinical and interpersonal skills, and, in many cases, help others

5|Page
 Case – 1

SOCIAL ANXIETY

Name: N

Age: 24

Gender: Female

Educational Qualification: Graduate

Occupation: Teacher

Income: 5-6 lac p.a.

Marital Status: Unmarried

Whether client stays with parents or not: Yes

Any siblings: 1 brother

Position of client in the family: Youngest

Anyone in the family having conflicts: No

Anyone in the family is suffering/ has suffered from any physical disorders: No

Presenting problem: Hesitant to attend social gatherings

Date of onset of the problem: 6 years ago

Precipitating factor if any: Called out for being severely thin by people

Any counselling taken: No

How intense is the problem and how does it affect the client:

• Has to take leave from work place : No

• Cannot carry on even the routine work : sometimes
• Does not want to do anything: sometimes

6|Page
Family Chart:

(60 years old, (55 years old, home maker,

Retired B.A, [Link].)

B.A. , [Link].)

(24 years old, teacher

(28 years old, [Link]., [Link])

accountant)

Relationship: client’s relationship with family members-

 With mother- not a close relationship

 Father: not a close relationship
 Brother: close relationship to brother
 With friends- How many friends does the client have? How does the client relates to
them?
6-7 friends. Close to friends, they are good friends.
 With neighbours – does not have much interaction with neighbours
 With colleagues- do not interact much with colleagues, interact only when it’s necessary.

Educational History:

• In school /college- good relation with classmates

• How is the client in studies and academic performance?
Good performance
• Does the client come up to the expectations of parents & teachers?
Yes
• How has the performance been over the years?
Fair

Work History:

• What occupation is the client involved in?

7|Page
 Teaching.
• How regular is the client for work?
Regular
• Has the client been complaining about work place?
No
• Generally how has the client been fairing in work?
Punctual in her work
 What is their perception about client’s relationship in the workplace?
 With boss : good
 With colleague: good
 With subordinates: good

Establishing Rapport:

Appearance-

• Age- 24
• Sex-Female
• Hygiene- Good

Movement and behaviour-

• Client’s gait- Normal walking at a good pace and speed

• Posture- normal
• Coordination- good
• Eye contact- Difficulty in maintaining eye contact

Affect- low

Mood- nervous

Speech-

• The volume of the client’s speech- low

• The rate or speed of speech- normal
• The length of answers to questions- short

8|Page
 • The appropriateness of the answers- appropriate
• Clarity of answers and similar characteristics- clear

Provisional diagnosis: Social Anxiety.

Session – 1

Client’s name- N Date- 17/02/2021

Interview – 1

Purpose of the interview- Rapport building and understanding the problem.

Start of the session:

C: Girl in her with lean built enters in my cabin along with a girl in her early twenties in good
health. The girl looked nervous and was not making eye contact. Both the girls greeted me with a
hello. Hello, how are you?

CL: I am good. I am Ms. D my friend wanted to talk to the counsellor.

C: I asked D to wait outside as I wanted to talk to N personally. I asked the N who is the person
she has come along with. N said that she is my best friend.

Counsellor: N “What made you feel that you should approach me?”

CL: remain silent.

Counsellor: I decided to make sure the client is comfortable and told her that she can make
herself at home here and whatever she would tell her will be kept confidential. Only that
information, which she says can be passed on to other family members would be done so. The
counsellor told N that she is a psychologist working here and she can feel free to convey
whatever she wants.

9|Page
CL: (started to speak in a low voice) she was discussing something with D for a long time and
they both decided that she should talk to a counsellor about the issue.

Counsellor: I asked “What is that you are considering and issue?”

CL: It has become difficult for her to attend family functions. She wants to get ready and be a
part of the gatherings but she is not able to do so.

Counsellor: I asked what do you think is the reason behind it?

CL: She starts to have thoughts.

C: “what thoughts?”

CL: she feels like everyone will talk about her being skinny and people will look at her and
think about her health.

C: “what made you feel so, has it ever happened to you?”

CL: ever since she remember people around her calling her out for her health, someone will
always make a comment on her health.

C: Is there any other time or moments when you feel the same?”

CL: when I has to meet new people, be a part of new group for some class or meeting in school,
I also feel the same throughout the time. These thoughts are always there in my mind.

C: “How is the health of your immediate family members?”

CL: Everyone in her family is slim.

C: Is there anyone suffering from any health disorder in your family.

CL: My mother also has the same body built like me.

C: I asked if the client’s mother’s built has been same since birth or is it due to some health
problem later in her life.

CL: I has been always like this as initially I didn’t had proper diet in her growing up period.
Also I had five siblings and she was the eldest of all so I had bigger responsibilities on me as of
my age.

10 | P a g e
C: I said that as you are saying that your mother did not had a proper diet in her growth years,
what is the diet schedule that you had while growing up?

CL: My parents tried their best to provide for me with all they had but it was not enough as per
need. So she also didn’t had a healthy diet routine.

C: I asked now that you are independent and earning well, how have you made changes to your
diet plan and routine.

CL: I planned to start to proper balanced diet routine but has not started yet.

Now the counsellor understood that client’s health at present is as it is partially because of
genetics and partially due to not having a healthy routine. Body shaming by people around her
has lead to her low self-confidence. The counsellor told N that she has understood what she’s
saying and will continue in the next session.

My observation:

Client is socially anxious due to her health and thus have low self-confidence. By the end of the
session, the client looked slightly relaxed and satisfied that she was listened to and her problem
could be conveyed clearly to the counsellor.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved.

Session – 2

Client’s Name- N. Date- 19/2/2021

Interview No.- 2.

Purpose of the Interview- To motivate and assign tasks to enhance self confidence.

Start of the session:

11 | P a g e
C: The client entered the room this time she came by herself. She greeted the me with a smile
and hello. I greeted the Client and asked how is she.

CL: I am good.

C: I asked her how the past days has been?

CL: Last few days has been hectic due to work schedule.

C: I asked N to tell about her friends.

CL: 1 don’t have many friends as most people do at this stage. I have 6-7 friends.

C: I asked about her relation with her friends.

CL: I an very close to my friends and my friends are very supportive for me.

C: I asked “how do you like to spend time with your friends?”

CL: I like going out to have good food, explore markets and new places with my friends.

C: I asked if she has same thoughts while going out with friends.

CL: No.

C: I have understood what the client had to say about the issue she is facing. So before she
started with any counselling she wanted to prepare N to be ready to do something for herself.
The counsellor asked N “will you follow up if I ask you to do some task?” N said yes. Thus the
counsellor have her write as she told her tasks.

Firstly, the counsellor asked her about the routine she follows. N told her routine in which she
was not having a proper diet and exercise schedule. The counsellor asked her to start a proper
diet and exercise in her daily schedule that she has planned for herself.

Secondly, the counsellor asked the client to wear the clothes she feels good and most confident
in.

Thirdly, she asked her to start meeting with her friends of friends as it will help her to be open to
new people and having close person with her at the same time. It will help her to become
comfortable with new people.

12 | P a g e
After assigning these task to the client for the next 20-25 days, the counsellor asked the client to
come for the next session.

My observation: The client looked visibly relaxed and comfortable. She seem to be fun loving
and outgoing person but constant comments from people around her and overthinking of
irrational thoughts has made her to be anxious about social gatherings.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved.

Session – 3

Client’s Name: N. Date:9/3/2021

Interview- 3.

Start of session:

C: The client entered the room, she looked in a good mood. I greeted her and asked how is she?

CL: I am feeling good and also feeling happy and healthy. I have started healthy diet and
routine, I am feeling better and doing something for a positive change.

C: I appreciated her for following the routine and asked her about the other tasks that she was
given.

CL: I went out with my friends few times. I was little uncomfortable but by the end I was
comfortable and did not feel those thoughts coming to my mind. Then after 2-3 times I gathered
courage to meet new people in my friend’s friend circle every time I went out and now have
realised that it’s not that a big deal.

C: I appreciated her for completing the tasks. Then i asked her if there is any upcoming family
gathering or any social gathering that you have to attend.

CL: Yes, My cousin’s engagement ceremony after 3 days but I am not planning to attend it .

C: I asked N to write down all the reasons for not attending the ceremony. N wrote down her
reasons. Now I asked N , you have mentioned that everyone will think about you that you are so

13 | P a g e
thin, when you went out with your friends and their friends, do you remember how everyone was
dressed up?

CL: (thought for a while) No.

C: I asked her if she remember thinking about how they were looking?

CL: No.

C: Then I said that it is only in your mind, that everyone around is only looking and thinking
about your health. Okay so if they are thinking about your health, how does it affect you? What
will happen if they are thinking about you?

CL: They will comment on me.

C: I told her that we cannot stop other people from saying what they want to. What do you think
we can do?

CL: My friend has told me to ignore such people.

C: Then I told her that what we can do is face them and not react on their comment, they might
say it again, but if you don’t react and ignore the comment, they will stop saying things after a
time. Also do not let their words get to your mind. The counsellor then asked N if she will now
do one task. N agreed. The counsellor asked her to think about what has just been told
thoroughly, and after 3 days dress up confidently and think about all the other things enjoyable
things that’ll be there in the ceremony and attend the engagement ceremony. The client agreed.

The counsellor then asked her to come in next session after the engagement ceremony.

My observation: The client looked satisfied with the session. With continued psychotherapy the
client can overcome her social anxiety.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved.

Intervention to be provided:

Psychotherapy- Psychotherapy helps in improvements of people with social anxiety disorder. In

therapy, the client learns how to recognize and change negative thoughts about themselves and
develop skills to help them gain confidence in social situations.

14 | P a g e
Plan of action: Continue with interview, reinforce self-confidence and help the client to identify
irrational beliefs and negative thoughts. We will use CBT in next sessions for the better clarity of
thoughts and for vanishing out the irrational thoughts.

15 | P a g e
 Case – 2

CAREER COUNSELLING

Name: S

Age: 17

Gender: Female

Educational Qualification: 12th

Occupation: NA

Income: NA

Marital Status: Unmarried

Whether client stays with parents or not: client stays with parents.

Any siblings: Yes, 1 sister

Position of client in the family: eldest

Anyone in the family having conflicts: No

Anyone in the family is suffering/ has suffered from any physical disorders: No

Presenting problem: The client wants to pursue teaching as a career but is not aware how she
can do it.

Date of onset of the problem: 2 months before.

Precipitating factor if any: NA

Duration of problem: NA

Any counselling taken: No

How intense is the problem and how does it affect the client:

• Has to take leave from work place - No

• Cannot carry on even the routine work- No
• Does not want to do anything- No

16 | P a g e
Family chart:

(53 years old (48 years old,

,lab assistant,12th pass) home maker, 12th pass)

(17 years old, 12th class) (15years old, commerce stream

11th class)

Relationship: client’s relationship with family members-

 With mother- The client shares a close relationship with her mother.
 Father- The client doesn’t have a good relationship with her father.
 Sisters- The client’s relationship with her sister is close, shares her thoughts and plans
with her

With friends- How many friends does the client have? How does the client relates to them?

The Client has 4-5 friends at school. She has a friend with whom she’s close. She
shares a good relationship with her friends. Her closest friend is very supportive and has been
with her since 7 years.

With neighbours – The client has a good relationship with her neighbours.

With school and classmates – The client shares a friendly relationship with her classmates at
school.

Educational History:

• In school /college
• How is the client in studies and academic performance?
The client is good in studies and overall academic performance is also good.
• Does the client come up to the expectations of parents & teachers?
Yes
• How has the performance been over the years?
Over the years, the client has maintained a good performance.

17 | P a g e
Establishing Rapport:

Appearance-

• Age- 17 years
• Sex- Female
• Hygiene- Good

Movement and behaviour-

• Client’s gait- The client has a normal walk with good pace.
• Posture- good
• Coordination- good
• Eye contact- able to make eye-contact.

Affect- Normal

Mood- Happy, curious

Speech-

• The volume of the client’s speech- Normal

• The rate or speed of speech- Normal

• The length of answers to questions- As per need.

• The appropriateness of the answers- appropriate

• Clarity of answers and similar characteristics- Clear

Provisional Diagnosis: Career counselling

Session – 1
18 | P a g e
Client’s name- S Date- 20/2/2021

Interview – 1

Purpose of the Session: To build Rapport with the client and assess the underlying issue.

Start of the session:

C: The girl in her teens entered with a lady in her late forties. I greeted them and asked them to
take the seats. The girl looked happy. Then i asked them if they had any trouble finding the
place.

Mother: Yes, we Found the place easily and didn’t have much problem.

C: Then I asked “what made you feel that you should approach me?”

Mother: My daughter S wants to pursue teaching as a career option but since there is no one
much educated in the family, she is not able to get any guidance about it.

C: I asked the client’s mother to wait outside as she wants to talk to S and get more information
from her. I told S that she can freely talk to her and whatever she would tell her will be kept
completely confidential. Only the information which she says can be passed on to other family
members would be done so. The counsellor informed her that she’s a psychologist and that she is
free to convey whatever she wants.I asked S of her stream in class 12th.

CL: I had commerce in my 12th class.

C: What are the subjects you studied in your12th.

CL: I studied English, Mathematics, Accountancy, Business Studies and Economics.

C: I asked S about her hobbies ad interests. S said that she likes and enjoys mimicry and she
likes to act. She also likes to draw but she’s not good at it. Then the counsellor asked S if it is
what her mother just said is the reason they are here. The client said yes. The counsellor asked S
when did she realise that she wants to become a teacher. The client about an year [Link]
counsellor asked her how did she realised it.

19 | P a g e
CL: I have been teaching my niece for the past 2 years and I also helped my friends to
understand the topics in the class. I internally feels that I can be a good teacher and MY friends
and sisters also believes in me.

C: I asked her why do you want to become a teacher and not going for dramatics like you said
that interests you Or opt for any other profession as mainly commerce students do.

CL: I planned on taking theatre classes or be a part of dramatics after becoming independent
and for other options, I heard my classmates talk about CA entrance exam and most commerce
career includes regular mathematics and that I am not good at it.

C: I asked how does she know that she’s not good at mathematics as her academic record is very
good.

CL: I scored very less in her unit tests. I am not interested in mathematics and wants to be
independent at earliest.

C: Then I asked her why does she feel the need to be independent at earliest.

CL: I wants it so I can take my own decisions and do as I like.

C: (The client looked visibly upset) I told her that it is good to take decisions for self. And I
asked her when did it happen that you wanted to take a decision and someone else took a
decision for you.

CL: My father behaves as the authority figure in the house and my mother’s efforts and the
children’s efforts are not recognised and that her father keeps on showing that he’s doing a
favour for them by providing them with essentials. My mother says that since he’s the earner in
the family so he is able to behave like this and they have to remain silent as they are dependent
on him. So I want to be independent as early as possible and then her mother and sister will also
not be dependent on her father and then they’ll not have to listen to him as much and will be able
to have a say in family matters.

C: I told the client that she’s understood what she’s saying and will continue in next session.

My Observation: The client left visibly relaxed after having shared her thoughts clearly. It
seems likely that her beliefs are stemming from the experiences she’s had in her life related to

20 | P a g e
their dependence on her father and her mother’s teachings. Due to which her only aim at present
is to be an earner which will help her further in her life.

Session no. 2
Date:1/03/2022
Time: 11:00 am

Purpose of the interview: Administration of the Vocational Interest Record Test on the client
Start of the session:
The client and his mother entered the counseling room. On entering the
room client said “Good Morning” to me and stand beside with his mother. She was looking
confident and his mother looked relaxed unlike the last session which was a good sign although.
Then I turned to Client and started a conversation.

Counselor: Good morning …. How’s you doing today?

Client: I am good thank you. How was you?
Counselor : I am also good . So, you were ready for the test ?
Client: Yes, I am ready for it.
Counselor: first you have to relax and didn’t take any pressure on yourselves. Just calm
yourselves. So, there were few rule which you have to follow during the test. Listen the rules
carefully and then we were going to proceed this further. Is it okay with you.
Client nodded his head in affirmation.
Counselor: Okay good. So, the rules were that firstly, In every box of this booklet two
educational subjects were written. If you choose the first educational subject of the box then put
a tick in slot no. 1. If you choose the second educational subject of the box, then put a tick in slot
no. [Link] you choose both the subjects of the box, then put a tick in the both the slot nos. and If
you dislike both the subjects of the box ,then put a cross against both the slot nos. Secondly,
there was no time limit while doing the test. And then return this record sheet after marking your
choice of the educational subject in each of the box.
Client: okay… I understand it.
Counselor: Now, took this test booklet , calm yourselves down and start doing it. Tried to do it
without any pressure and before tick the options thought wisely.

21 | P a g e
 After 7-8 minutes client completed the booklet and hand over it me back. Then I
turned towards his mother and told that “ gave me few minutes I’ll let you know about the
result”.
After few minutes I told them about result which was the client has high interest
area Teaching and then second high interest area is Artistic and she has the average interest in
enterprising and I had cleared to them this result was totally based on the answers which he filled
a while ago on the given test booklet, this test only showed the likes/dislikes of the client which
we easily saw in the result that she was more interested in Teaching.
Then I turned towards the client and said to him that “as we talked earlier that
after this test, you’ll be able to know about your interest areas and now the results were in front
yours. You’ll get a better view of your interests but I suggest you that “it’s just a test so tried to
evaluate who you are as a person. Tried to self-assess yourselves in terms of your interests,
values, roles, skills/aptitudes and needs. Then make up your mind about an occupation. And like
you said earlier “What if you didn’t get your favourite course or you scored less? Then, we could
also take it in another way like “what if you’ll do great in it? , what if you’ll scored the highest in
the class after you choosing this stream ?, what if you’ll got admission in your favourite course
or In favourite university ? So, if that thing was not happening right now or we just have to make
pre assumptions about our future so, we could assume it in positive way rather to think only
about all the negatives.”
She nodded his head in yes and said “okay I’ll try to thought about that” and her
mother has a slight smile on her face. Then I said to the client“ just take your time thought about
everything wisely and then make up your mind and always remind that thing you have so much
supportive parents who were always be with you whatever your decisions be so think about it
and don’t take stress about anything .
She just nodded at me and having a slight smile on his face. Her mother thanked me and they
took their leave.

TEST : VOCATIONAL INTEREST RECORD TEST

SCORING: For the scoring of EIR test you have to calculate the ticks horizontally and
vertically both (count 1 point for every tick that has marked) and after counting it write raw score
in the given spaces for both slot no. 1 and 2 of all the interest areas. Then just add score of both
the slots in their respective interest areas and write in the given space. In a profile column write
the raw scores of interest areas and then draw a graph with the given dots after that mention the
outcomes in the given blanks of GENERAL REPORT and SPECIAL REPORT.

22 | P a g e
 Session – 3

Client’s Name: S Date: 24/2/2021

Interview No.: 3

Purpose of the Session: Giving the detailed explanation of the course she opted on the basis of
the test results. .

Start of the session:

C: The client entered with her mother. I greeted them. Then I told S that since she is interested in
teaching as a profession, and becoming financially independent at earliest, she can suggest her
some ways to that might help her achieve that after passing her senior secondary exams.

Then I also told client that teaching profession us very demanding as it constantly demands you
to update your skills and knowledge so that you can share the same with your students, also it
requires a lot of patience because every child is different and you need to try different teaching
methods which can be tiring at times. The counsellor asked that if she believes that she can do
that. The client responded with affirmation.

The counsellor told S that to become a teacher in India, one needs a degree/ diploma in education
and must undergo teaching training. There is different eligibility criteria as per levels of teaching.

The counsellor then told S that at first you have to do a degree or diploma in education and then
qualify a teacher’s eligibility test to be a professional teacher.

The ways suggested by the counsellor are as follows:

1) Diploma in Elementary Education (D. El. Ed.)

Institute : SCERT, Delhi
Time period: 2 years minimum.
Eligibility: 50% marks in senior secondary (12th) including best 5 subjects with 1
language.
Age limit: 24 years maximum.
How to apply:
Online application on [Link]

23 | P a g e
 Application time: Month of July
Application fee: Rs.250
Eligibility: 12th pass with marks 50% and above.
Physically fitness: Physical fitness certified by a MBBS or equivalent
recognised degree.
Selection procedure: Merit based on class 12th exams.
3 admission lists are published and selected candidates are called for provisional
admission and document verification.
You can have complete information in SCERT Delhi prospectus for D. El. Ed.

The other options are Bachelor’s in Elementary Education that is offered by University of
Delhi , that is a 4 year integrated course that includes graduation and teaching training.

After your diploma or degree you’ll have to pass the Central teacher’s eligibility test (CTET) that
is valid all over India or specific state teacher’s eligibility test (STET).

The counsellor asked S to carefully apply for the course she thinks suits her requirements and if
she has any other questions. The client said that she has understood everything and will discuss it
with her family. The counsellor told S that if she has any more queries regarding this she can
take an appointment and meet her. The client thanked the counsellor and went.

My Observation: The client looked relaxed that she’s got an idea of what she can do. The client
said that the session has helped her clearing her own thoughts and become more aware of herself.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Plan of Action : Follow up sessions were scheduled ,feedback was taken about the
client. If she face any confusion regarding the test or the steam she has chooses she
can again visit me. She was looking somewhat relaxed and her mother told that she
made up his mind and choose the stream as per his interest.

24 | P a g e
 Case – 3

LEARNING DISABILITY

Name: T

Age:8 years

Gender: M

Educational Qualification: 4th Grade

Occupation: Student

Marital Status: Unmarried

Whether client stays with parents or not: Client stays with parents.

Any siblings: Yes, 2 elder sisters of age 21 and 19 years.

Position of client in the family: Youngest

Anyone in the family having conflicts: No

Anyone in the family is suffering/ has suffered from any physical disorders: No.

Presenting problem: Not able to spell words correctly, difficulty in reading comprehension,
poor handwriting and poor memory.

Date of onset of the problem: last 2 years.

Precipitating factor if any: No

Duration of problem: NA

Any counselling taken: No

How intense is the problem and how does it affect the client:

 Has to take leave from work place- No

25 | P a g e
  Cannot carry on even the routine work- Yes
 Does not want to do anything- No

Family chart:

(48 years old, 10th pass (43 years old, 8th pass,

Driver) homemaker)

(21 years old, graduation (8 years old, 4th class,

1st year student, married) (19 years old, dyslexia)

12th pass, married)

Interview with family members:

Relationship: client’s relationship with family members-

 With mother- The client shares a close relationship with his mother.
 Father- The client has a close relationship with his father.
 Sisters- With sisters, the client has a good relation, sisters help him in his work.
The client is pampered by them.

With friends- How many friends does the client have? How does the client relates to them?

The client has 6-7 friends. These are friends from the neighbourhood. In school, the client has a
friend with whom he shares his desk.

With neighbours – The client is respectful to neighbours.

With school and classmates – At school, the client is comfortable at school and have a good bond
with classmates.

26 | P a g e
Educational History:

 In school /college
 How is the client in studies and academic performance?
There are constant complaint from the teacher about his poor performance and
inattentiveness and almost no response in classroom activities.
 Does the client come up to the expectations of parents & teachers?
No.
 How has the performance been over the years?
Over the years his performance has been poor.

Establishing Rapport:

Appearance-

 Age- 8 years
 Sex- Male
 Hygiene-Neatly dressed and well groomed.

Movement and behaviour-

 Client’s gait- Normal

 Posture- proper posture
 Coordination- appropriate motor coordination.
 Eye contact- unsettled eye contact.

Affect- shy

Mood- little anxious.

Speech-

 The volume of the client’s speech- Low

 The rate or speed of speech- slow, hesitant
 The length of answers to questions- Short
 The appropriateness of the answers- somewhat appropriate.
 Clarity of answers and similar characteristics- not very clear

27 | P a g e
Provisional diagnosis: Dyslexia.

Session- 1

Client’s name- T Date- 2202/2021

Interview – 1

Purpose of the Session: Rapport building and understand the underlying issue.

Start of the session:

C: A child in his middle childhood came with a lady in her 40s. The child looked anxious and
was looking h

ere and there curiously. When they entered the cabin, the child started to look down. I greeted
[Link]: Greeted the counsellor and asked the child to greet the counsellor but the child did
not say a word.

C: I said Hello and client just made an eye contact.

C: I smiled and said hello again.

CL: Hello ( Very low tone) .

C: I asked him- “so you are T?” The child nodded in yes. The counsellor then made sure that the
child is kept busy while she talks to the lady.

C: I asked the lady, when did she feel that she needs to meet me.

M: T is my only son and that he’s born after a long time. The teacher at school and tuitions have
been complaining a lot about his performance in studies and in other activities, his school teacher
has suggested her to contact a counselling psychologist.

C: I asked her to tell more about it so she can understand the underlying issue.

M: The teachers have been complaining about his poor performance at studies and no interest of
participation in co-curricular activities from last 2-3 years. Initially we thought that it is normal
at this age since these are early years of learning as he has problem in reading and writing words.

28 | P a g e
His performance at maths is good as per his grades. But things got serious when the teacher told
her that his level of comprehension of words and spelling are very poor as per his age and grade.
He also makes spelling mistakes while copying from the board or books. They’ve even got his
eyes checked but no problems were found with his vision.

C: I asked the mother how does the child spend his free time.

M: He spends his free time in watching cartoons and playing with his neighbouring friends. He
is youngest child in the family and was born with Normal delivery. His overall development has
been good as the milestones of development were achieved on time.

C: I told the mother that I have understood what she is telling her but she needs to see his
notebooks to understand better and will continue in the next session.

My Observation:

The client looked shy and anxious. The client’s mother is worried for her child due to his poor
performance. By the end of the session, the mother looked visibly relaxed as she felt that she’s
able to convey her worries and is hopeful for her child for improvements.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Session-2

Client’s Name: T. Date: 1/03/2021

Interview- 2.

Purpose of the session: Rapport building with child and assess his language reading and writing
skills.

Start of the session:

29 | P a g e
C: The client T came with her mother. I greeted them. The mother greeted back. I said hello to
the child.

CL: Hello Ma’am.

C: I asked the mother about the notebooks. The mother gave her his notebooks. I turned to the
boy and asked if he likes chocolates, T said yes. I asked him which chocolate does he like.

CL: I like snickers.

C: I said to him- oh, I only have munch, would you like to have it?

CL: yes.

C: I gave him the chocolate. The mother asked him to say thank you to the counsellor. They boy
said thank you. The counsellor appreciated him. Then I asked his mother to wait outside as he
wants to talk to the boy. The mother agreed and went out of the room.

The boy opened the chocolate and started to have it as I looked at his notebooks. I observed that
he has made mistakes and wrote mirror images of letters and shuffled letters in the words. I
decided to check his writing skills and reading skills. I gave him a Hindi book of class 1 to read.
The client was having difficulty in reading the text. The counsellor helped him and appreciated
him while he tried to read. I gave him a worksheet that had words and sentences and asked him
to copy the given words. The client took his time and copied the words and sentences. The
counsellor observed that he had made same mistakes as in his notebooks.

I called his mother and told her about the difficulty the child is facing. The mother looked tensed.
The counsellor then decided to make the mother feel comfortable and told her that by following
some strategies the child can be helped but it needs efforts by the school teacher and the parents.
M: I can do the things do whatever is up to my understanding.

C: I told her that she understands and that she will help her to understand so that they can help
their child together. The mother looked a little relaxed.

Suggested Interventions:

 Multisensory learning- Writing words and sentences with tactile materials. e.g. glitter
glue, sand, a place of rice, using pulses and grains or beads.

30 | P a g e
  Physical activities to practice spelling- e.g. hopscotch or jump-rope, the children spell
out words when they jump to each square or over the rope.
 Using different coloured letter cards – to create words
 Explicit direct instruction of phonics to create solid connections for sound/symbol
relationships and the alphabetic principle.
 Sequential and structured instruction that begins with simple concepts and moves to
more complex. The order in which students are introduced to the patterns of English are
based on logical steps that build on one another.
 Continuous feedback and positive reinforcement that supports mastery of skills before
moving on.
 Be supportive. Trouble learning to read may affect your child's self-esteem. Be sure to
express your love and support. Encourage your child by praising his or her talents and
strengths.
 Take steps to help your child learn at home. Provide a clean, quiet, organized place for
your child to study, and designate a study time. Also, make sure your child gets enough
rest and eats regular, healthy meals.
 Limit screen time. Limit electronic screen time each day and use the extra time for
reading practice.
 Stay in contact with your child's teachers. Talk with teachers frequently to make sure
your child is able to stay on track. If needed, be sure he or she gets extra time for tests
that require reading. Ask the teacher if it would help your child to record the day's lessons
to play back later.

My observation: the parents and the teacher needs to be patient with the child as he learns and
support him throughout his learning.

Plan of action:

Convey the child’s needs to the teacher and follow up the suggested interventions like using
multisensory learning methods, using tactile materials for learning, sequential and structured
instructions and work according to the pace of the child with providing positive reinforcement
time to time.

31 | P a g e
The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Case – 4

Name: A

Age: 5years

Gender: Male

32 | P a g e
Educational Qualification: UKG

Occupation: Student

Marital Status: Unmarried

Whether client stays with parents or not: Yes

Any siblings: An elder sister who studies in 7th grade

Position of client in the family: Youngest

Anyone in the family having conflicts: No

Anyone in the family is suffering/ has suffered from any physical disorders: No

Presenting problem: Behavioural issues

Date of onset of the problem: Last 6 months

Precipitating factor if any: When his demands are not met.

Duration of problem:

Any counselling taken: No counselling taken, undergoing speech therapy.

How intense is the problem and how does it affect the client:

• Has to take leave from work place - No

• Cannot carry on even the routine work- No
• Does not want to do anything- No

Family chart:

(35 years old, businessman (32 years old, home maker

[Link].) graduate)

(12 years old, ( 5 years old, UKG student,

33 | P a g e
 class 7 student) behavioural issues)

Relationship: client’s relationship with family members-

 With mother- The client shares a close relationship with his mother.

 Father- The client shares a good relationship with his father.

 Sister- The client is close to his sister. He respects her and the sister is very protective of
him.

With friends- How many friends does the client have? How does the client relates to them?

He has no friends. He has cousins with whom he plays and enjoys his free time.

With neighbours – Does not talk to neighbours.

With school and classmates – Does not interact with classmates much.

Educational History:

• In school /college- School

• How is the client in studies and academic performance?
The client’s academic performance is fair.
• Does the client come up to the expectations of parents & teachers?
The teacher and parents expects him to do better.
• How has the performance been over the years?
Over the years, his performance has been above average.

Establishing Rapport:

Appearance-

• Age- 5 years
• Sex- Male
• Hygiene- Neatly dressed and well groomed

Movement and behaviour-

34 | P a g e
 • Client’s gait- Normal gait
• Posture- Normal
• Coordination- good coordination
• Eye contact- very less eye- contact

Affect- Normal

Mood- Anxious

Speech-

• The volume of the client’s speech- low

• The rate or speed of speech- slow
• The length of answers to questions- short
• The appropriateness of the answers- somewhat appropriate
• Clarity of answers and similar characteristics- not clear, stuttering voice

Provisional diagnosis: Behavioural problem.

SESSION - 1

Client’s name- A Date- 3/3/2021

Interview – 1

Purpose of the Session: Build rapport and understand the underlying issue.

Start of the session:

C: A sad little boy accompanied with his father and mother entered the counsellor’s cabin. He
looked sad and angry. As he saw me, he had his eyes down.

M: Hello Ma’am how are you?

C: hello Ma’am I am good now I looked at the boy and greeted him. The boy made an eye
contact and looked down again and did not reply. I asked the boy his name, he did not reply. His

35 | P a g e
mother then asked him to tell the counsellor his name, the boy told his name in low tone with
stutter and hesitation. I offered him a chocolate. He initially hesitated but then took it, opened it
there only and started having it.

CL: Thank you while accepting the chocolate.

C: I appreciated him. Now I turned to the parents and asked the reason of their meeting.

F: My son A is five years old and go to a play school. He is an above average student, but since
its his initial learning years we expect him to do better so he doesn’t have to face issues later. We
try our best to provide him with all he needs. But he has started to misbehave with us. He makes
demands and when we do not fulfil his demands accordingly, he cries a lot and sometimes uses
abusive words. He keeps on banging doors, throws his bicycle and does not listen to us at all. At
first we fulfilled his demands so as to calm him as we thought he is just a kid and that he will
stop this behaviour when he grows up. But even after his long time he has not changed a bit and
his this behaviour is increasing day by day.

C: I asked them that when they reached here, the boy was looking sad, why ?

M: He saw McDonald’s on the way and wanted to have a burger but we had to reach here on
scheduled time and do not want him to have such junk food, we did not get him one. So he was
angry.

C: I asked-“how is his behaviour with his cousins and other relatives?”

F: His behaviour depends on his mood. When he is happy, he plays along. But when he is not
happy by any reason, he teases and slaps his cousin. With relatives, he does not show any such
behaviour, he is shy and calm in front of them.

C: I asked about his behaviour while playing, the mother said that while his sister is playing with
the neighbouring kids, he wants to play with them but he is shy and hides behind his sister. He
wants to play but is shy to do the activities with them. He always seems to need support when he
is in public.

The counsellor told the parents that she has understood what they are saying, she needs to talk to
A to know more. Also there is a test that she thinks is useful to understand his behaviour pattern.

36 | P a g e
So if they’d like to conduct the test. The parents agreed. The counsellor told them that they will
continue in the next session.

My Observation: A has behaviour issues. There can be several factors behind it, he also stutters
so one reason can be this. Further case can be understood after the test and interview with the
child.

Plan of Action: Interview the child and understand his behaviour. Conduct BASIC test for
behaviour assessment.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Session – 2

Client’s name- A Date- 6/3/2021

Interview – 1

Purpose of the Session:

C: The boy came with his father looking happy this time. I greeted them. The father greeted back
and the boy said hello with hesitation. I told the father about the test, explained the instructions
and precautions to him and confirmed that he understood each item in the booklet. The
counsellor then gave the booklet to him and asked to sit outside and answer appropriately
keeping in mind the frequency, severity and duration of the behaviour while she talks to the boy.

As the father stood up, the boy also stood up, the counsellor told the boy that his father is going
to see the place while they’ll sit here and talk about his favourite things. The father went out of
the room and the boy took his seat. The counsellor decided to build rapport with the child so he
is comfortable and can talk freely.

37 | P a g e
The counsellor started by saying that he got to know that he likes cartoons and asked which
cartoons did you watched today.

CL: I watched shinchan, doraemon and oggy and the cockroaches.

C: I asked him, which is the best among the three.

CL: The child said oggy and the cockroaches is best as they have very funny voices.

C: then I said that as he likes watching doraemon. What do you think Nobita has good friends or
bad friends.

CL: The boy said that he has bad friends.

C: The counsellor asked him why do you feel so?

CL:The boy said because they do not play with him and tease him.

C: then I asked him how are you friends? Do you like playing with them?

CL: The boy nodded. The boy said that they do not play with him.

C: I asked him why do you think they do not play with you.

CL: The boy said that he doesn’t know.

C: I asked him if they have ever done anything that was wrong while playing. The boy did not
reply. Then I asked him, if he’s done anything wrong to them while playing.

CL: The boy said that once they were playing and his cousin pushed him. So he hit him and
pinched him back.

C: I asked him, if he pushed him intentionally or by mistake.

CL: They boy said that he was saying that he got pushed by mistake.

C: then I asked if his cousin said sorry after the push.

CI: The boy said Yes

C: then I told the boy that maybe his cousin didn’t pushed him intentionally and everyone saw
what happened there.

38 | P a g e
C: I said to him that there is a boy who is of your age, he hits his friends, do not listen to his
parents is stubborn, He also cries a lot when he asks for something and does not get it. He does
not behave well at home. Would you like to meet and be friend this boy?

CL: child said no, he is a bad kid.

C: I asked him, What should the kid do so he can be friend with you?

CL: The boy said that he should not hit his friends, if he needs something. He should behave
well with others and listen to his parents.

C: I asked, what should one do if the kid behaves like this.

CL: The child thought for a while but couldn’t answer this.

C: I told the boy to think about this and called his father inside.

I asked the father if his completed the test. The father said yes & handed the booked to the
counsellor. The counsellor checked that all the items has been answered & then told the father
that she will needs time to assess the answers in the booklet & conclude & they will continue in
the next session

My Observation:

The child has behavioural issues because of low self esteem due to his speech and also learnt the
behaviour from his cousin. Self esteem can be improved by working on confidence building
techniques. He understands good & bad behaviour, so his behaviour can improved by using
behaviour modification technique with the help of his parents.

Play of Action:-

Discuss the conclusion of BASIC with father and plan of behaviour modification

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Session- 3

Client’s name- A Date- 8/3/2021

39 | P a g e
Interview – 1 .

Purpose of the Session: Planning Behaviour modification

Start of the session:

The child entered with his father. The counsellor greeted them. The counsellor asked the child if
he thought about what was asked in the last session the boy said that he forgot about it. The
counsellor then told the boy that she needs to talk to his father while he can se the place and wait
outside. The boy went out of the room. On BASIC, the child had raw score of 24 & 16% as
cumulative percentage.

In different domains his scores are as follow:-

Violent & Destructive Behaviour: - 18.75%

Temper Tantrums:- 25%

Misbehave with others:- 28.5%

Self-Injurious Behaviour:- 5%

Repetitive Behaviour:- 12.5%

Odd Behaviour:- 6.25%

Hyperactivity:- 50%

Rebellious Behaviour:- 16.6%

Anti-Social Behaviour:- 11.11%

Fear:- 12.5%

The client scored 24 out of 150 with 16% showing low to moderate level of maladaptive
behaviour

Domain wise percentage score of him showed Hyperactive behaviour Misbehave and Temper
Tantrums that need to be paid attention.

C: I told the father that he has hyperactive behaviour and temper tantrum issues that needs to be
paid attention to.

40 | P a g e
F: then asked what can he do to change his behaviour.

C: I told him that the boy has low self esteem because of his speech, so make sure you continue
the speech therapy. Clear speech will help him to be confident and might help him to get rid of
his shyness. For his hyperactive behaviour and temper tantrums, there are Behaviour
modification techniques.

You need to keep these points in mind while dealing with him:

Most importantly you have to remain calm and unemotional if possible at the situation. You
should not reward his behaviour, instead walking away from him during the temper tantrum will
help him knowing that his approach is not successful.

Tell him that you can’t understand him when he behaves that way and leave the area. Inform him
that when he calms down you will talk to him about what he wants.

Time out is a very useful technique.

Let him make some choices in day-to-day activities and rewarding good behaviour.

Help him find the proper verbal ways of expressing his frustration.

You can also use token economy where positive behaviour is reinforced by giving points and
negative behaviour leads to deduction in points.

Token Economy:

Token economies are based on operant learning theory, which states that rewards and
punishments shape behaviour. A token economy rewards good behaviour with tokens that can be
exchanged for something desired. A token can be a chip, coin, star, sticker, or something that can
be exchanged for what the student wants to buy.

Target Behaviour Stickers earned

1. Attended School 2
2. Done homework 1

41 | P a g e
 3. Brush teeth 1
4. Follow all behaviour rules 3

Reward Menu Stickers used

Video game 8

Candies 5

TV 5

New dress 20

Fine Stickers deducted

Disobeying 3

Playing inappropriately 1

Not eating well 2

Fighting 2

Principles of a Token System

Goal: To increase your child’s motivation to meet expectations and their independence in
monitoring their behaviour.

Choose Behaviours to Reward

CLEAR & OBSERVABLE. Define the behaviour, when it is expected, and how many warnings
given

SCHEDULED. Pick behaviours that occur as part of a routine or in order to start, like morning
or after school.

42 | P a g e
Giving Tokens TANGIBLE. Give a “token” that can be seen and held, like a marble or poker
chip.

AFTER BEHAVIOR. The reinforcement must occur after the behaviour occurs, not “on
promise.” IMMEDIATE. The reward must be given immediately after the behaviour occurs (i.e.
present a token or write in a point on the spot, not at the end of the day) CONSISTENT. Tokens
must be given every time in the beginning. Eventually, once your child is meeting expectations
often, it can be faded out. INDEPENDENT OF OTHER BEHAVIORS. Rewards earned through
the token system should not be taken away, regardless of other behaviour, in the first few weeks
of the system.

Choosing Rewards VARIETY. Provide your child with choices of rewards to keep their interest;
change the choices often and include your child in choosing rewards.

NATURAL REWARDS. Rewards that fit in naturally with the behaviour or your daily routine
(i.e. TV time when homework is completed on time) are better than options that take extra time
and effort to provide (i.e. an outing, toy).

BIG AND SMALL: It can be helpful to have small rewards that can be earned daily to keep
children’s interest, but also larger, more exciting rewards that hold interest over time.

NOVEL/EXCITING. Rewards should be things that your child will not get otherwise. If they get
to have a friend over regardless of whether or not they earn it, this would not be a good option

I explained the suggestive measures for behaviour improvement and asked the father to follow
same for sometimes and see if there’s improvements.

My Observation: The following strategies should help in behaviour improvement of the child.

Plan of action: continue the speech therapy, apply ways to reduce temper tantrums and token
economy for behaviour improvement.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

43 | P a g e
 Case – 5

Name: R

Age:16

Gender: Female

Educational Qualification: 12th student

Occupation: student

Marital Status: Unmarried

Whether client stays with parents or not: yes

Any siblings: 1 younger sister in class 10th

Position of client in the family: Eldest

Anyone in the family having conflicts: No

Anyone in the family is suffering/ has suffered from any physical disorders: No

Presenting problem: stress of exams

Date of onset of the problem:3 months back

Precipitating factor if any: low marks in tests.

Any counselling taken: No

How intense is the problem and how does it affect the client:

 Has to take leave from work place- No

 Cannot carry on even the routine work- Yes
 Does not want to do anything-No

44 | P a g e
Family chart:

(50 year old (45 years old, home maker

Govt. Employee, graduate)

Graduate)

(16 year old, 12th (14 year old, class 10 student)

Student, exam anxiety)

Relationship: client’s relationship with family members-

 With mother- the client is very to her mother

 Father- the client has a good relationship with her father.
 Sister- the client shares a loving and caring bond with her sister.

With friends- How many friends does the client have? How does the client relates to them?

- The client has 5-6 friends and she has good relation with her friends. They are supportive
and helpful to each other.

With neighbours – the client is respectful and helping towards neighbours.

With school and classmates – good relations.

Educational History:

 In school /college
 How is the client in studies and academic performance?
- Average.

45 | P a g e
  Does the client come up to the expectations of parents & teachers?
- Yes.
 How has the performance been over the years?
- Very good.

Establishing Rapport:

Appearance-

 Age-16 years old

 Sex- Female
 Hygiene- well dressed and groomed

Movement and behaviour-

 Client’s gait- normal, confident good pace walk

 Posture- normal posture
 Coordination- good coordination
 Eye contact- sustaining eye-contact

Affect- Normal

Mood- calm

Speech-

 The volume of the client’s speech-normal and polite

 The rate or speed of speech- normal
 The length of answers to questions- normal
 The appropriateness of the answers- appropriate
 Clarity of answers and similar characteristics- clear.

Provisional diagnosis: Anxiety due to exams.

Session :- 1

Client Name :- R Date:- 10/03/2021

Interview :- 1

46 | P a g e
Purpose of the session :- Build rapport and understand the underlying issue

Start of the Session :

A girl (R) in her teens entered with her mother. The girl looked calm and confident had a good
pace. The counsellor greeted them.

R and her mother greeted her back.

C: I asked them if they had any trouble in finding the place.

M: said that they found the place and didn’t have much problem.

C: I them asked “What made you feel that you should approach me?”

M: replied that her daughter R is currently in 12th standard. She has been very good at studies
ever since. She used to be in top 5 of her class always up to 10th standard. But after 10th her
scores have started to fall. In 11th we understand there is a sudden increase us difficulty level of
studies but she is lagging behind other students as well who were not ever at her level up to 10th.

She scored 9.8 CGPA in 10th and all the teachers wanted her to opt for science stream but she
chose commerce on her own No one pressurized her while choosing her stream.

We initially thought that sudden change is leading to her low scores but her scores are not
improving and now she’ll have her pre boards coming in March & then Boards in May. It’s not
that she has stopped studying or anything. She is a hard working child, regularly attends her
classes and tuitions. But she is not able to improve her score. And the main problem is that she is
stressing over her performance too much now. She has started to have gastronomical issues and
then headaches while studying on taking tests. She has started to have emotional break downs
too. We consulted with her teachers in parent-teacher meeting when things started getting worse.
So she suggested that she could see a counsellor and that you’ll be able to help us.

C:I listed to the mother patiently while R was sitting looking at her mother and around the room.
I asked if her scores are decreasing in all the subjects.

M: The mother said that she is not good at maths and is failing in tests and because of it, her over
all grades are getting affected.

47 | P a g e
C: I wanted to understand what R is facing and feeling so he told the mother that she has
understood all that she’s told her. She wants to talk to R and will continue is next session

My Observation:- The client and her mother looked somewhat relaxed that they were able to
convey her issue. The client is facing stress due to poor performance in her tests mainly due to
mathematics. Interview of R will help in getting better insight into the issue.

Plan Of Action :- Interview R

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Session :- 2

Client’s name- R Date- 12/03/21

Interview- 1

Purpose of the Session:- Interview the client

Start of the Session:-

The client R came with her mother. The counsellor & client & the mother exchange greetings.
Then I asked the client’s mother to wait outside as she talks to the client in person. The mother
agreed & went out of the room.

I told R that she can freely talk to her & whatever she could tell her will kept completely
confidential only the information which she says can be passed on to other family members
would be done so the counsellor informed her that she is a psychologist and that she is free to
convey whatever she wants.

C: I started by asking her to express what is she feeling .

CL: R said that she is feeling nervous as her exams are approaching and as of yet she has not
been able to score passing marks in her tests.

She said that she practices a lot and is able to solve questions at home but in exams she becomes
completely clueless and is not able to understand how she can solve the questions. While
practicing also negative thoughts start to linger in her mind.

48 | P a g e
When she looks at her mother all she can think about is that she does so much for her and if she
fails in exams. What would she feel & do and how people around her would react.

R said that she really wants to stop feeling this way and is ready to do whatever is needed.

C: I told R that there is a test that helps in measuring the severity of anxiety symptoms and it’ll
help her in understanding her case for further counselling session so that appropriate measures
can be used to resolve the problem. The counsellor asked R is She had like to take the test.

CL: R agreed.

C: I explained the tests to R and asked her to answer every phrase on a level from 0 to 4, 0
meaning feeling not present and 4 meaning presence of feeling severely.

I gave here the test sheet and asked her to feel free to ask if she’s any about understanding
anything in the test.

CL: R read the test and confirmed that She’s understood it.

The client R filled responses in the test and gave it to the counsellor.

C: I checked that nothing is unanswered in the test.

I told R that she needs time to understand her responses and conclude her anxiety level from the
test and that she has understood all that she’s told her and will continue in the next session.

I caller mother and told her about the test and that she’d continue in the next session

My Observation :- The client looked relaxed and calm after the test. She said that the test
helped her to become aware of her bodily reactions and the extent of feelings. The client can be
helped by psychotherapy.

Plan of Action :- Start psychotherapy, suggest mind relaxation techniques.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Session :-3

49 | P a g e
Client’s name- R Date- 16/03/21

Interview- 1

Purpose of the Session :- To help the client overcome anxiety due to exams.

Start of the Session:- The client and her mother came and greeted the counsellor. The
counsellor also greeted them.

C: I asked R how are you?

CL: R said that she’s good R asked the counsellor about the result of the test that she took
earlier. C: I said to R that she need not to worry, she only has mild anxiety level.

CL: R then asked what she can do to get rid of this and be at peace.

C: I said that this can be changed by following some strategies for that you have to believe is and
do as I ask you to. I asked R to define who she really is.

I gave R a paper and a pen and asked her to write the words that define her R thought for a while
and wrote her response and gave it to the counsellor.

then I said to R that she does believe that her marks or performance in exams does not define her
as she has not written it on the paper.

R agreed the counsellor then said to her that then she shouldn’t think about what other’s would
think of her if she didn’t score well.

Our goal here is to refocus your attention towards your thoughts and start interrupting your
negative thoughts with positive ones.

The thoughts we have when we are anxious are mostly irrational and one thought leads to other
thoughts and that to another.

On a scale of 1 to 10 with being minimum and 10 being maximum whose will you place your
performance in your exams at present?

R Replied :- Around 3 & 4

50 | P a g e
C: I said that negative thoughts arise from negative beliefs in your ability. But as of I know, you
seem to me a bright student who once has been a topper of you class ever since. On a scale of 1
to 10 with being minimum & 10 being maximum where would you think will your performance
be if you don’t have this stress due to exams.

CI: R said between 8 or 9

So we need to plan and practical replace negative irrational thoughts with positive rational ones

C: I gave a pen & a paper to R and asked her to write down all the negative thoughts she has on
one side of the paper. then I helped her write the positive rational thoughts to replace those
thoughts with.

I asked her to visualize herself sitting in the exam room holding the question paper and believe in
the positive thoughts that they just wrote and discussed.

I asked her to practice mind relaxation techniques – deep breathing, mindfulness of breathing
noticing senses.

Along with this I asked her to practice question paper like real exam settings ; giving herself
breaks in between of studies and reward herself by doing something that she enjoys.

Then I asked her to follow the suggestion given by her for about 15-20 days regularly and
observe the changes.

CI: R looked hopeful and promised that she’ll do this as suggested. R and her mother thanked
the counsellor and went.

My observation :- The client has anxiety due to exams and suggested techniques will help her to
cope up with it & she will do better as she believes in herself and self determined on getting
better.

Plan of Action:- Doing mindfulness activities focusing on thoughts & replacing irrational
thoughts with rational ones. Follow a healthy life style and practice Q/S papers.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

51 | P a g e
 Case – 6

Name: A

Age:19 years old

Gender: Male

Educational Qualification: 12th standard

Occupation: student

Marital Status: Unmarried

Whether client stays with parents or not: Yes

Any siblings: 1 elder sister

Position of client in the family: youngest

Anyone in the family having conflicts: No

Anyone in the family is suffering/ has suffered from any physical disorders: No

Presenting problem: Confused in career

Date of onset of the problem: 3 months back

Any counselling taken: No

How intense is the problem and how does it affect the client:

 Has to take leave from work place -No

 Cannot carry on even the routine work- No

52 | P a g e
  Does not want to do anything- No

Family chart:

(55 years old (50 years old, home maker,

Manager at govt. B.A.,[Link].)

Institution, [Link])

(25 years old, (19 years old, 12th pass, [Link]

Teacher, [Link]., [Link]) dropout)

Relationship: client’s relationship with family members-

 With mother- the client has a close relationship with his mother
 Father- the client has does not have a good relation with father.
 Sister- the client is very close to her sister and they have a strong bond.

With friends- How many friends does the client have? How does the client relates to them?

- The client has 2-3 friends, his relations are good with friends.

With neighbours – the client is respectable and cooperative to neighbours.

Educational History:

 In school /college

53 | P a g e
  How is the client in studies and academic performance?
- Below average.
 Does the client come up to the expectations of parents & teachers?
- No
 How has the performance been over the years?
- Below average.

Establishing Rapport:

Appearance-

 Age- 19
 Sex- Male
 Hygiene- Neatly dressed and well groomed

Movement and behaviour-

 Client’s gait- Normal.

 Posture- Normal
 Coordination- good coordination
 Eye contact- sustainable eye contact

Affect- Normal

Mood- anxious

Speech-

 The volume of the client’s speech- low

 The rate or speed of speech- medium
 The length of answers to questions- normal
 The appropriateness of the answers-appropriate
 Clarity of answers and similar characteristics- clear

Provisional diagnosis: Career counselling.

Session – 1

Client’s name- A Date- 25/02/21

54 | P a g e
Interview-1

Purpose of the Session : Rapport Building & understand the underlying issue.

Start of the Session:-

A young boy A came with his father and mother. The boy was neatly dressed and well groomed.
He looked nervous. The counsellor greeted them. The parents greeted back. The boy greeted
with a hello in low polite tone. I asked them if they had any trouble finding the place and how
they were. The father said that they are fine and did not have much trouble in reaching the place.

C: I asked them “what made you feel that you should approach me?”

F: The father said that they are confused and are not able to decide what to do with their son as
he has shown no interest in studies and has now dropped out of college.

C: I asked A, which stream did you opt for after 10th.

CI: The boy said he had science with Biology and Maths.

C: I asked the boy to wait outside as she wants to talk to his parents for a while.

CI: The boy looked at his parents with a sight of permission, the father nodded in yes & the boy
went out of the room.

C: I asked the parents if the boy himself chose his stream.

F: The father said that he wants his son to be an engineer so they all decided together for him.

C: I asked how was his performance in 11th & 12th.

F: The father said that his grades were very low. He got passed by grace marks in both years.

The father said that I want to make him more successful than I am and I am doing everything in
my capacity to make that happen but this boy is giving me zero response Now I think that he is
not good in studies So I should put him in a vocational course that might help him to be
financially independent.

C: I told the father that she understands it, every parent tries to do what they think is best for
their child but sometimes what the parents are doing is not appropriate Maybe the child wanted

55 | P a g e
to do something else, he has interest in other field, there can be many treason behind his
performance as it can be clearly seen that he didn’t opt for his career himself, someone else took
decisions for him.

I asked, what are his interests since childhood, did he ever conveyed his interests to you about
what field he wants to study and work in.

F: The father said that he had interest in music but that cannot help him in his career, he will
have to struggle daily and still not sure to have a sustainable career and life in it.

C: I told them that there is a test to assess & help a match a person’s personality with a career
that fits their interests. So we can do that to find best vocational career option suited for him. By
that there will be no confusion and when he’ll be doing what interests him, he will perform
better.

F:The father said he doesn’t know what he’ll do in his life.

M: The mother said to father that why was he talking like then, he does things with full efforts in
which he has interests in.

C: I said to parents that she needs to talk A to know more & conduct test if they want and
continue in the next session.

The parents agreed and went.

My Observation:-

The parents want the client A to get a settled career and have high expectations from him but the
client is not able to do as per the parents satisfaction. The parents have given up thinking to have
him in academic field so they want him to pressure some vocational course.

Plan of Action:- Interview the client and conduct vocational interest inventory test.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Session:-2

56 | P a g e
Client’s name- A Date- 03/03/21

Interview- 1

Purpose of Session:- Interview the client & conduct vocational interest inventory.

Start of the Session:-

The client A came with his mother. This time he looked relaxed. The mother and the boy greeted
the counsellor. I greeted back and asked A to take his seat & the mother to wait outside as she
talks to A for a while. The mother went out of the room.

I decided to make sure the client in comfortable and told her that he can make himself at home
here and whatever he would tell her will be kept confidential. Only that information that he says
can be passed on to other family members would be done so.

C: I told A that she is a psychologist and he can feel free to convey whatever he wants.

CI: A nodded to convey that he understands.

C: then I asked A to tell her about himself.

CI: The client asked what should he tell about himself.

C: I gave him few directional hints to tell about like who you are, what are your hobbies, about
your friends things that you like about yourself etc.

A started by telling his name and college he went to, that he has a group of 4 friends. Who have
been with him for past 6-7 years.

CI: He said that he is proud to have such friends who ever after choosing different paths are with
hint.

He went on by telling about his hobbies as singing playing piano & watching movies. He said
playing music gives him peace. People say that he sings & plays piano very well.

C: I asked what his father thanks about his music.

CI: He said that his father likes it when he performs in front of relatives. He see product in his
father’s eyes at that time.

57 | P a g e
C:then I asked if he continued his music at college.

CI: The boy said that there was no time left, the life was so hectic with classes and projects, he
couldn’t do it then.

C: I asked him what was the reason that you drop out of college.

CI: A said he didn’t want to do [Link] his father made him take admission in [Link]. He said
he know he couldn’t do it. It was really hectic and difficult.

C: I asked him if he conveyed it to his father.

CI: The client said that there’s no point in saying anything to him, its not like he doesn’t know it.

C: I asked him what does he himself wants to do in his career.

CI: He said he doesn’t know, Ever since decisions have been made for him by someone else and
now he can’t decide for himself what he wants to do & be.

C: then I told him that to removed this confusion, there’s a test, that will help to match your
personality with a career that fits your interest.

CI: The client said that would be helpful.

C: I asked him if he wants to do it now.

CI: The boy said yes.

C: I gave him the sheet, explained the test to him and asked him to let her know if he has any
doubt. After he was done reducing the tests, the counsellor confirmed if he has understood all the
elements. The client agreed.

Then I asked him to fill his responses in the sheet.

After filling responses, the client gave back test sheet to the counsellor.

I checked that the client has responded to all the items and no item has been left blank.

I then told A that she will tell result of the test in the next session and asked him if there is
anything else that he needs to share with her.

CI: The client said no.

58 | P a g e
C: then I told that then they are done for the session today.

CI: The boy thanked the counsellor and went.

My Observation :- The client looked relaxed while leaving after the session. He seems to be
pressured by his father’s expectations.

Plan of Action:- Suggest the appropriate field of vocational Education for the client as per the
VIR test

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Session ;-3

Client’s name- A Date- 9/03/21

Interview- 1

Purpose of Session:- Suggest the appropriate field of vocational Education for the client

Start of the Session:-

The client came with his parents.

The counsellor greeted them and asked them to take their seat. The client & his parents greeted
back & got seated.

I said that according to the test this is the report

(In General)

His main interest area – Artistic

Second Interest area – Literal

Third Interest area – Social

Least Interest area – Agriculture

59 | P a g e
Special Report :-

1) High Interest :- Artistic

2) Interest above Average: literal-
3) Average Interest:- Social
4) Interest below Average:- Social
5) Low Interest:-Scientific

So accordingly he should opt for Artistic field to pressure further career.

F: The Father asked A if they let him to pursue further career in artistic field, will he do it
sincerely.

CI: They boy agreed.

F: The father said to counsellor let see if he does that It’s will be good for him only if he takes up
anything sincerely & make a life out of it.

C: The counsellor showed belief in the client to encourage him to do better. The family thanked
the client & left.

My Observation:

The parents & the client looked relaxed after the final session. There was hope seen in client’s
eyes that he can do something. He only needs encouragement and support from his family.

Plan of Action:- Go for artistic choices as career in vocational field.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achievedSSS

Case – 7

60 | P a g e
Name: S

Age:26 years old

Gender: Female

Educational Qualification: post graduated

Occupation: Teacher

Income: 5-6 lac p.a.

Marital Status: Unmarried

Whether client stays with parents or not: yes

Any siblings: 1 younger brother

Position of client in the family: No

Anyone in the family having conflicts: no

Anyone in the family is suffering/ has suffered from any physical disorders: No

Presenting problem: not able to be happy and enjoy things that I like, insomnia

Date of onset of the problem: 2 months back

Precipitating factor if any: unnecessary pressure created at workplace.

Any counselling taken: No

How intense is the problem and how does it affect the client:

 Has to take leave from work place -No

 Cannot carry on even the routine work- Yes
 Does not want to do anything- No

61 | P a g e
Family chart:

(55 years old, (52 years old, home maker,

Businessman, graduate) graduate)

(26 years old, post graduate (22 years old, graduated)

Teacher)

Relationship: client’s relationship with family members-

 With mother-the client is very close to her mother.

 Father- the client shares a good relationship with her father.
 Brother- the client is close to her brother and have a strong bond.

With friends- How many friends does the client have? How does the client relates to them?

- The client has 2-3 friends with them she is close and have a good relationship

With neighbours – with neighbours the client’s relationship is good

With colleagues- the client has not been able to get comfortable with her colleague.

With the authority figures-the client is good with authority figures.

Educational History:

 In school /college
 How is the client in studies and academic performance?
- Excellent.
 Does the client come up to the expectations of parents & teachers?
- Yes
 How has the performance been over the years?
- Very good.

Work History:

62 | P a g e
  What occupation is the client involved in?
- Teaching.
 How regular is the client for work?
- Very regular.
 Has the client been complaining about work place?
- Yes.
 Generally how has the client been fairing in work?
- Very well.
 What is their perception about client’s relationship in the workplace?
o With boss: normal
o With colleagues- good
o With subordinates- good

Establishing Rapport:

Appearance-

 Age- 26
 Sex- Female
 Hygiene- neatly dressed.

Movement and behaviour-

 Client’s gait- Normal with a slow pace walk

 Posture- Normal
 Coordination- good coordination
 Eye contact- difficulty in maintaining eye contact

Affect- Normal

Mood- Anxious

Speech-

 The volume of the client’s speech-low

 The rate or speed of speech- normal

63 | P a g e
  The length of answers to questions- normal
 The appropriateness of the answers- appropriate
 Clarity of answers and similar characteristics- clear

Provisional diagnosis: Depression.

Session – 1

Client’s name- S Date- 17/03/2021

Interview- 1

Purpose of the Session:- Rapport Building and understand the underlying issue.

Start of the Session:-

A girl in her 20s came neatly dress, well groomed with slow pace & looking anxious to the
counsellor.

C: I greeted her.

CL: The client greeted back.

C: I asked her if she had any trouble finding the place and how was she.

CL: She said that she is a fine and did not have much trouble finding the place.

To make her more comfortable and at ease the counsellor started by asking her if she’d like to
have some water. The client agreed.

C: I gave her a glass of water.

CL: The client said thankyou to the counsellor and drank water.

C: I asked her to tell about herself.

CL: The client started by telling her name, she is working as a teacher at a state govt school as a
primary teacher. Its been only few months since she got then job.

64 | P a g e
C: I asked her about her hobbies.

CL: She said that she likes to draw and watch Korean shown.

C: then I asked her about her family.

CL: The client told that she lives in a nuclear family with her father, mother and a young
brother. The client after some casual conversation, looked visibly relaxed.

C: I asked her “What made you feel that you should approach me?”

CL: The client said that she has an odd feeling as she is not able to be happy even when she tries
and wants to be.

C: I asked her how long it has been like this and if there are other recent things along with this.
CL: The client said that its been 2 months now and she’s also not been able to sleep properly.

C: I asked her if there something that she thinks started this.

CL: The client said that at her school, there is continuous pressure that is not really required but
it is there.

C: I asked her to name 3 words that describes her workplace.

CL: The client said negativity, unsupportive and confusion.

C: I asked her to elaborate it.

CL: The client said that she doesn’t have any issues with work, she’s worked really hard to get
this job. She didn’t need it but only to become financially independent, she chose to have a job
But talking this job has changed her life up side – down. She said she thought that after
becoming financially independent she’d be at a better place but at her workplace its everything
but a better place. There’s no peace but constant mental pressure.

C: I asked-what is this mental pressure about the client said for every little task. The principle
gives an order, I understand its her duty, she orders and we work, but while working, the
colleagues they spread such negative vibes and taking pressure of work on self and at others too.
Also people at school behave like everything is to be done urgently but they themselves don’t do
it and want work from us on urgent basis even when it is not needed and can be done later.

65 | P a g e
CL: The client said that there are also other teachers who are not treated like she is.

C: I felt that the client needs to speak her mind out so she did not ask her questions in between
and let her complete.

CL: The client said that the primary staff says that they have unity but has shown nothing like it.
She said that she really wants to be happy but this work place has distributed her mental peace.

C: I asked her that her workplace environment is the reason that she is not able to live her life as
she used to and is affecting her daily life routine.

CL: The client agreed.

C: I told her that she’s understood all that she’s said and will continue in next session.

My Observation:- When the client came she had a lot in her mind but after speaking in out, she
looked a little relaxed. Work environment appear to have both positive and negative impacts on
the psychological well-being of workers. The accumulation of thoughtless actions that leave
employees feeling disrespected, undermined by colleages lead to depression with insomnia being
a common symptom.

Plan of Action:- Conduct Beck’s depression inventory to assess the level of depression.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Session:-2

Client’s name- S Date- 20/03/2021

Interview- 1

Purpose of the session:- Conduct Beck’s Depression Inventory to assess the level of depression.

Start of the Session:- The client S entered the counsellor’s cabin with a smile and greeted the
counsellor.

C: I greeted her back and asked her to take the seat.

CL: The client sat on the sofa.

66 | P a g e
C: I asked her to sit comfortably.

CL: The client adjusted herself and said she’s comfortable.

C: I asked her how has been the past few days.

CL: The client said that she doesn’t know if its good or bad but she’s got duty at a vaccination
centre.

C: I asked how does she feel about it.

CL: The client said the she’s feeling good and a little relaxed as now she doesn’t have to go to
school for sometime.

C: I said good.

CL: she felt relaxed.

C: I told S that she needs her to take a test that will help to understand the level of condition
better.

CL: The client agreed.

C: I explained the administration and purpose of the test. The counsellor made sure the client is
relaxed and comfortable before she proceeded with the next step of requesting to sign the
informed consent form. As she signed and gave, the counsellor told her that they’ll now proceed
with testing.

Then I took the test booklet and gave instruction as given in the manual and made sure the client
understood all the elements of the test. After the completed the test, she gave the booklet back.
The counsellor thanked her for the cooperation and told her that she will get back to him in a few
days.

Scoring:-

The counsellor completed the scoring by adding the scores of the responses given by the client.

Interpretation:- Following the manual the counsellor interpreted the scores regarding the levels
of depression in the client as per the responses given by her.

67 | P a g e
Plan of Action:- Continue the interview and help the client find solutions to her problems,
making her feel empowered and inspire her to pursue necessary changes required to reach her
preferential lifestyle through SFBT technique.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Session:-3

Client’s name- S Date- 22/03/21

Interview- 1

Purpose of the Session:- Continue the interview and help the client find solutions to her
problems.

Start of the Session:-

The client entered the counsellor’s cabin looking a little worried. The counsellor and the client
exchanged greetings.

C: I asked her how is she.

CL: The client said that she is a little worried about test client said that she is a little worried
about the results.

C: I asked her if she would like to know the results. I told her that she has a mild level of
depression and she need not to worry about it as it can be changed by practicing come ways and
technique over the time.

CL: The client looked a little relaxed.

C: then I asked her to define the biggest challenge she is facing right now.

CL: The client said that she is not able to sleep properly be happy and enjoy things that she used
to earlier.

C: I asked her how does the problems makes her feel.

CL: The client said that She feels sad and disappointed.

68 | P a g e
C: I asked her how has she been coping with the problems so far.

CL: The client said she tried to ignore the situations and emotions she was feeling.

C: I asked her to tell her about a time when she was not experiencing these difficulties.

CL: The client said that before her joining the school, she used to be happy and was enjoying her
life.

C: I asked her to describe her typical daily mood, if it is like a roller coaster or pretty steady.

CL: The client said that it is more like a roller coaster these days.

C: I asked her how does her emotions get out.

CL: The client said she ends up crying.

C: I asked her how does she get herself out of a bad mood.

CL: The client said she cries it out and the watch a movie or read a book as she cannot sleep.

C: I asked her to tell about the important relationships in her life.

CL: The client said that it is her family that is most important to her.

C: I asked her what does she wish that people do, should change.

CL: The client said that they should do their work and not create havoc and unnecessary
pressure.

C: I asked the client, on a scale of 0-10 with 0 being the lowest and 10 being the highest, how
content are you with your life.

CL: The client said between 5&6.

C: I asked her about her attitude about change.

CL: The client said that she can change herself but not their people.

C: I told her that they are going to do an exercise if she is comfortable and relaxed.

CL: The client agreed.

69 | P a g e
C: I told the client to imagine that tonight as she sleeps a miracle occurs in her life that has
completely solved her problem and improved other areas of her life too. Think for a moment and
tell me, how is life going to be different now? Describe it in detail. What is the first thing you’ll
notice as you wake up in the morning.

CL: The client thought for a while and said the first thing she’d enjoy is reaching the school on
scooty with her father, she’d enjoy the ride.

C: I asked her to describe what all will change, what does she feel.

CL: The client said she is feeling positive, enjoy the littliest of things.

C: I asked her what is she doing at school. I asked with whom are you doing it.

CL: The client said she’s with another colleage who is also a new joining.

C: I asked her how much fun is she having.

CL: The client said she is having fun, feeling comfortable and enjoying her job.

C: I asked her what difference is all this making in your life each day.

CI: The client said she is at a better place, doing her job, being happy, having fun, all this brings
a peace to her life.

C: I asked her has any of this happened before.

CL: The client said before this job she worked at a private school and she was happy there.

C: I asked her if it’d help to recreate any of these miracles.

CL: The client said of course, her life will get changed completely.

C: I asked her what would need to happens to do this.

CL: The client said she needs to change the way she reacts on the situations.

C: I asked her how she can do that.

CL: The client said on a situation like those she has remain calm and do the work as required
ignoring the created pressure.

70 | P a g e
C: I asked her from a score of 1 to 10, where 1 means when initial appointment was arranged
and 10 means the day after miracle. Where are the things now.

CL: The client said between 8&9. On a scale of 1 to 10, where 10 is the happiest you fet & 1 is
the worst and saddast you felt where would you say you are now. The client said 9.

C: I asked the client to think of a time that things did not go well for her and bring to mind the
things she usually do in a problematic situation. Now choose to change one thing / any part she
can such as : the timing / body patterns & what she does with her body / what she says and how
she says it / the location & where it happens / the order she does things in.

I asked her when a similar issue comes up what part of that problem situation will she do
differently now?

CL: The client said she will change what she does with her body. She will not let herself get
caught up in all the pressure created and will not take everything on herself.

CL: I appreciated her on her decision.

C: I asked her to follow as discussed and that they’ll continue in the next session.

My Observation:- The client is very much aware of the problem and solution but need
encouragement and guidance to follow it. The client looked slightly more relaxed and calm by
the end of the session.

Plan of Action:- Continue solution focused brief therapy (SFBT) to help the client reach her
goals.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

71 | P a g e
 Case – 8

Name: M

Age:23 years

Gender: F

Educational Qualification: Graduate

Occupation: Student

Marital Status: Unmarried

Whether client stays with parents or not: Client stays with parents.

Any siblings: Yes,1 elder brother.

Position of client in the family: Youngest

Anyone in the family having conflicts: No

Anyone in the family is suffering/ has suffered from any physical disorders: No.

Presenting problem: demotivated about self.

Date of onset of the problem: many years back.

Precipitating factor if any: No

Duration of problem: NA

Any counselling taken: No

How intense is the problem and how does it affect the client:

 Has to take leave from work place- No

 Cannot carry on even the routine work- Yes
 Does not want to do anything- No

72 | P a g e
Family chart:

( 57 years old, businessman (53 years old, home maker

Graduated) graduated)

(23 years old, graduated, (28 years old, [Link], accountant)

Low self-esteem)

Interview with family members:

Relationship: client’s relationship with family members-

 With mother-
 Father-
 Brother-
-not much connection with anyone in the family.

With friends- How many friends does the client have? How does the client relates to them?

The client has 2-3 friends. These friends are helpful of her.

With neighbours – does not communicate with neighbours.

With school and classmates- At college, the client didn’t interacted much with other students,
only when it was necessary.

Educational History:

 In school /college
 How is the client in studies and academic performance?
-Average
 Does the client come up to the expectations of parents & teachers?
No.

73 | P a g e
  How has the performance been over the years?
Over the years his performance has been average.

Establishing Rapport:

Appearance-

 Age-23 years
 Sex- Female
 Hygiene-Neatly dressed and well groomed.

Movement and behaviour-

 Client’s gait- Normal

 Posture- proper posture
 Coordination- appropriate motor coordination.
 Eye contact- unsettled eye contact.

Affect- Normal

Mood- anxious.

Speech-

 The volume of the client’s speech- Low

 The rate or speed of speech- slow, hesitant
 The length of answers to questions- Short
 The appropriateness of the answers- somewhat appropriate.
 Clarity of answers and similar characteristics- not very clear

Provisional diagnosis: Low self-esteem.

Session- 1

Client’s name - M Date- 25/03/2021

Interview – 1

74 | P a g e
Purpose of the session: Build rapport and understand the underlying issue.

Start of the session: A girl (M) in her early 20s came with another friend of her age. M looked
tensed and nervous. The counsellor greeted them with a smile and asked them to take their seat.
The girls got seated and greeted the counsellor.

C: How are you?

CL: I am fine.

C: Any problem in finding the place?

CL: No.

C: I asked M who has she come with?

CL: I was feeling nervous so I asked her friend to come with her.

C: I told her friend that I need to talk to M while she should wait outside. The friend went out of
the room.

The counsellor then turned to counsellor and to make her more comfortable and at ease, the
counsellor asked her to tell something about herself.

CL: The client started by telling her name and that she is pursuing her master’s degree from
open university.

C: I asked her about her family.

CL: M said that she lives in a nuclear family with mother, father and an elder brother. Her father
is a businessman and mother is a home maker while her brother works as an accountant in a
private company.

C: I asked her who are you most comfortable with.

CL: The client said that with her friends.

C: I asked her about her hobbies and what does she like to do in her free time.

CL: The client M said that she doesn’t have any hobbies and to kill her free time she watches
shows, movies and you tube videos.

75 | P a g e
C: I told M that she can freely talk to her and whatever she would tell her will be kept
completely confidential. Only the information which she says can be passed on to other family
members would be done so. The counsellor informed her that she is a psychologist here and she
is free to convey whatever she wants. The counsellor then asked her what made her feel that she
should approach her.

CL: The client said that she is not happy with herself and feel worthless. Her friend has
suggested her to meet a counsellor that’s why she is here.

C: then I asked her how does she see the problem.

CL: The client said that she thinks she is not good enough as other people are. Everyone is good
at atleast something but she feels that she is not good at anything.

C: I asked her what does she wants to be good at?

CL: The client said that she doesn’t know, just something that other people also value her.

C: I asked her what is the biggest challenge she is facing at the moment?

CL: The client said that she is feeling low about herself. She wants to show that she is also
something. Everyone looks her like she is nothing and no one.

C: I asked her what does she believe is there in her life that is causing problems for her.

CL: The client said that there are not external things or people but she herself is not able to do
anything to prove herself.

C: I then asked her how does that makes her feel.

CL: The client said that she feel sad and hopeless and irritated.

C: I asked her how often does she feel this way.

CL: The client said that she feels this way all the time. The client then asked her how she’s been
coping with the problem that brought her here, what has she tried so far. The client said that she
tried things to make her feel better about herself.

C: I asked her how does she did it.

76 | P a g e
CL: The client said that she studied really hard and while she failed in her 1st year of college, she
graduated last year with 1st division marks. She passed her CTET in 1st attempt.

C: I congratulated her of her achievements and asked her that she’s done so much so you proved
it to yourself and others that you can do anything, you’ve shown growth. The counsellor then
asked her to remember a time when she was not experiencing these things and how did she felt
back then.

CL: She said that she felt free.

C: I asked her that she said that she feels sad and irritated, how does she handle her irritations
and frustration, how does her emotions come out.

CL: M said that she ends up arguing with people around her and crying out at the end.

C: I asked her what has people close to her told her about her moods.

CL: The client said that her friends and family has told her that she has to become mature
enough to handle her emotions.

C: I asked her to tell about important relationships she has in life.

CL: The client told that she has her friends also the one she has come with.

C: I asked her what about family, how was it like growing up in her family.

CL: The client said that she doesn’t like it there. She never felt supportive in her family, only
judged. Most people around her has a sibling that they share a very close bond with but with her,
her brother also doesn’t seem to be like other siblings.

C: I asked her what do people around her keep doing that she doesn’t like and what does she
wish they would change.

CL: The client said that people look her with demeaning eyes, like she is nothing, can do
nothing in life, does not treat her well. The client asked the counsellor that how would she feel if
no one selects her while making groups or pairs for a task.

C: I told her that she understands all that she is saying. The counsellor asked her if she has ever
tried communicating how she feels to the people around , people who treat you this way.

77 | P a g e
CL: M said that she felt that if she’d do that everyone will mock her and not understand.

C: I told her that one has to set their limits and convey what is acceptable and not acceptable to
them, convey how they want to be treated so others know the person and act accordingly.

The counsellor then told her that she has understood all that she has told her and that they will
continue in the next session.

My Observation: the client has felt neglected and disrespected in past by the people around her.
She has felt unsupported and lonely by her family. All these feelings has made her to question
her self. By the end of session the client seem to be a little relaxed that she was able to convey
and was listened to.

Plan of Action: continue the interview and help the client explore goals for therapy.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved.

Session- 2

Client’s name - M Date- 31/03/2021

Interview – 2

Purpose of the session: to interview and help the client explore her goals.

Start of the session: The client M came with her friend and she herself asked her to wait
outside. Then she entered the counsellor’s cabin and greeted the counsellor. The counsellor
greeted back with a smile.

C: I asked her how has been her past few days, how she felt and what all she did in the
meantime.

CL: She said that past days have been as usual, she read a book, wrote some assignments and
she felt busy as there’s so much she needs to do.

C: I asked her to tell more about it.

CL: She said that she needs to study and complete her assignments, study for competitive exams
also.

78 | P a g e
C: I then asked her that last session they discussed about all the issues that she believe she is
facing, so what is the goal that she wants with the session.

CL: The client said that she needs help to build self-confidence. She wants herself to stop
thinking about other’s perspective all the time. She said she wants to feel content with herself ,
be comfortable about herself.

C: then I asked her that they also discussed about her emotions, so what are the things she can
do to strengthen or balance her emotions.

CL: The client said she has to stop her thoughts and believe in herself.

C: I asked her how would she feel three months from now if she stuck to her goal, how would
her life be different.

CL: She said that if that happens, she can live her life peacefully and be able to focus on making
her life better.

C: I asked her what can she do this week that will make her feel more in control of her life.

CL: The client said that she would love to talk to his brother about how she feels about family
and him and their relationship.

C: I asked her if she can do it. The client said that she can try. Then the counsellor told her that
she should try it.

C : I asked her about the things that excite her, motivate her.

CL: The client said that being around her friends and going out with them excites her, when she
does something for herself, she feels motivated to do better and feel better.

C: I asked her what she can do to feed this motivation and excitement daily or weekly.

CL: The client said that she can include self care routine in her daily schedule, can’t go out with
friends as its covid time.

C: I asked her what alternate ways are there to enjoy with her friends.

CL: The client said that she can video call them and have fun.

79 | P a g e
C: I told her that its good that she has a good relationship with her friends but she also needs to
have a stronger relationship with herself and asked her what she can do to start developing that.
CL: The client said that she has to appreciate herself more often.

C: I asked her what kinds of things does she need to overcome so that she can get closer to self-
acceptance and confidence.

CL: The client said that she thinks she has to stop blaming herself and feeling pity on herself. C:
C: I asked her what habits, if any, does she need to change in order to improve her happiness and
confidence this year, what is one habit that she can start to work on in the next couple of days.
CL: The client said that she can start by yoga as she has tried it in past and it has helped her feel
calm.

C: I asked her what would it feel like to do this every day.

CL: She said that it’d feel good.

C: I asked her what would it feel like if she stuck to one healthy habit for the next few months.,
how could that improve her life.

CL: The client said that if she stuck to yoga only it’d help her to be calm and help in her health,
that’d be good I guess.

C: I asked her to follow what has been discussed about in the session and they’ll continue in the
next session.

My Observation: the client looked relaxed and hopeful of making changes to her life. Focussing
on good things about oneself as self hate leads to having difficulty forgiving oneself for even the
smallest things. The client does not have clear expectations from self and does not see herself as
valuable either. Taking time to focus on own talents and abilities can go a long way toward
boosting self esteem.

Plan of Action: Follow the suggestions: include one habit that helps to improve her happiness
and confidence and include it in routine. Do something daily or weekly that motivates her and
excites her.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

80 | P a g e
 Session: 3

Client’s name - M Date- 03/04/2021

Interview – 3

Purpose of the session: Observe the improvement and suggest interventions accordingly.

Start of the session: The client entered the counsellor’s cabin. The counsellor greeted her and
asked how she was. The client M greeted back and said she’s fine.

C: I asked her how have been the past few days.

CL: The client said that she focused on what was suggested and added yoga to her routine. The
client in her tone seem to be relaxed and motivated. The client asked her if she talked to her
brother. She said that she did. And to her surprise he listened to her calmly and understood what
she said and conveyed that according to him, she only don’t seem to indulge in family and
remain separate for reasons he now understand, that day they talked for a long time.

C: I asked what else did she do.

CL: The client said that she has started to look after herself and video called her friends
occasionally.

C: I asked her if she feel these things are helping her to feel better.

CL: The client replied affirmative.

C: I said to her that there are other things also that should help her to have a better life approach.
CL: The client said that she’s ready for it.

C: I asked her to practice mindfulness along with yoga as mindfulness helps you learn to live in
the present moment and not get caught up in worrying about the future or obsessing about the
past. It also enables you to stop that negative self-talk by helping you be more aware. The
counsellor asked her to think about the situation differently. Then I suggested her to try and stop

81 | P a g e
comparing herself to others as it only lead to feeling worse about oneself and when you stop
doing it, you begin to realize your uniqueness.

I asked her if she has any doubt in anything and want to ask, she can ask without giving it any
thought.

CL: The client said that she understood.

C: I told her that everyone needs time to recognize themselves to move forward and feel better.

Then I told her that they are done for the session and that these suggestions will help her to have
control over the problem.

CL: The client thanked the counsellor and said that she’s become more aware of herself through
the sessions and it helped her a lot.

My observation: The client followed the session and did as discussed and felt improvement, that
was also clearly visible. Few more suggestions are provided to improve her self-esteem. The
client looked relaxed by the end of the session.

Plan of Action: some simple yet powerful steps to build self-esteem :

 Practice mindfulness
 CTry to think differently
 Don’t compare yourself to others
 Take time to find and appreciate your inner strengths
 Practice forgiveness

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

82 | P a g e
 Case – 9

Name: K

Age: 18

Gender: Female

Educational Qualification: Graduation 1st year

Occupation: Student

Marital Status: Unmarried

Whether client stays with parents or not: Yes

Any siblings: 2 younger siblings, 1 brother and a sister

Position of client in the family: eldest

Anyone in the family having conflicts: No

Anyone in the family is suffering/ has suffered from any physical disorders: No

Presenting problem: anger issues

Date of onset of the problem:

Precipitating factor if any: when her mother compares her to other children, doesn’t let her do
what she wants to, nagging for work.

Any counselling taken: No

How intense is the problem and how does it affect the client:

 Has to take leave from work place -No

 Cannot carry on even the routine work - Yes

83 | P a g e
  Does not want to do anything- No

Family chart:

(48 years old, (42 year old, home maker,

Businessman, 12th pass)

graduate, anger issues))

(18 year old, graduation (16 year old, (8 years old,

Student, anger issues) student) student)

Relationship: client’s relationship with family members-

 With mother-the client does not have a good relation with her mother.
 Father – the client does not have a good relation with her father.
 Brother- the client loves her brother and has a good relation.
 Sister- the client shares a strong bond with her sister.

With friends- How many friends does the client have? How does the client relates to them?

- The client has a group of 4-5 friends. The friends are very close to her.

With neighbours – the clients is good to neighbours.

With college and classmates – the client shares a good relation with her classmates.-

Educational History:

 In school /college
 How is the client in studies and academic performance?

84 | P a g e
 - Average.
 Does the client come up to the expectations of parents & teachers?
- No
 How has the performance been over the years?
- Average.

Establishing Rapport:

Appearance-

 Age- 18 years old

 Sex- Female
 Hygiene- neatly dressed and well groomed.

Movement and behaviour-

 Client’s gait- normal, good pace walk

 Posture- normal
 Coordination- good coordination
 Eye contact- maintaining eye contact.

Affect- Normal

Mood- Upset

Speech-

 The volume of the client’s speech- normal

 The rate or speed of speech- Fast
 The length of answers to questions-normal
 The appropriateness of the answers- appropriate
 Clarity of answers and similar characteristics- Clear

Provisional diagnosis: Anger issues.

Session – 1

85 | P a g e
Name of Client:- K Date:-06/04/21

Interview:-1

Purpose of the Session:- Build rapport and understand the underlying issue.

Start of the Session:-

The client K entered with her mother. She looked healthy, groomed and well dressed. The
counsellor greeted them the client and her mother greeted back.

CL: I asked the mother the reason of their meeting.

M: The mother said that her daughter wanted to meet her and talk.

C: I asked the mother to wait outside as she talks to the client. The mother went out of the room.

I decided to make sure the client is comfortable and told her that she can make herself at home
here and whatever she would tell her will be kept confidential. Only that information that she
says can be passed on to other family members would be done so. I told her that she is a
psychologist and she can feel free to convey whatever she wants.

Then I asked her what made her feel that she should approach me.

CL: The client said that she has a habit of getting angry and ends up getting upset about it. The
client was concerned about it and really wants to overcome it. She said that this behavior of hers
interfered with her daily routine.

C: I asked her how does the problem make her feel.

CL: The client said that she feel upset after getting angry.

C: I asked the client how often does she experience the anger.

CL: The client said she gets angry 2-3 times a day.

C: I asked her if there is anyone in family Who she thinks also have anger issues.

CL: The client said her father seem to get angry often and when he does, he cannot control it.

86 | P a g e
C: I asked her what are the situations and time when she is angry.

CL: The client said that when her parents compare her with others and when her mother keeps
nagging her about work.

C: I asked her that she gets angry at home with her parents, what about getting angry in school.

CL: The client K said that she likes her school as in school she is with her friends, she also gets
angry with her friends when they irritate her but that is not considered an issue as everything is
OK between friends.

C: then I asked her to tell about her family.

CL: K said that in her family she has her father, mother, grandmother and 2 siblings, a brother &
a sister.

C: I asked her if she helps her mother.

CL: K said that she does whenever her mother asks for it.

C: I asked how does she handle irritation and frustration and how does her anger came out.

CL: The client said that she cannot handle her frustration and gets angry. Her anger came out in
form of out burst with bad words and shouting.

Through the session the counsellor got to know that she was the firstborn grandchild in her
family and was very much pampered by her grandfather. After the death of her grandfather she
has started to get angry often as earlier if anyone said anything about her she was saved by her
grandfather and now she feels that has no one to support her.

C: I ended the session by telling the client that she understands all that she has said and that
they’ll continue in the next session.

My Observation:-

The client looked visibly relaxed after the session as she felt that she was listened to and her
problem could be conveyed clearly by her.

87 | P a g e
Plan of Action:- Continue the interview to get more information on what makes her angry and
then through a story and some Q’s make her understand that anger is self destructive and leads to
no betterment.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Session:-2

Client’s name- K Date- 09//04/21

Interview- 1

Purpose of the Session:-

Find out different situations that make her angry ; make her realise side effects of anger.

Start of the Session:-

The client entered the counsellor’s cabin. The counsellor greeted her and asked her to take the
seat. The client K greeted back while taking the seat.

C: I asked her how she was.

CL: The client said that she is fine.

C: I told the client that as in previous session they were talking about her getting angry very
often mostly because of her parents, So now she wants her to make an inventory 1 to 10 as “I get
angry because ___________ “ Write 10 different reasons on a piece of paper and mark them in
order of priority.

After the client was done writing her reasons the counsellor decided to tell her a story.

I started with a very interesting story. There was a little girl called Varuna who did not have any
friend and nobody liked to play with her. Her teachers also did not live her much and her parents
were unhappy with her. Did you know why? (Pause) It was because she was very short tempered
and used to argue, use abusive language and get into fight with everyone. One day her mother

88 | P a g e
gave her board and some drawing pins, she told her that every time she lost her temper and
abused or fought with someone, she was to go to her room and put a pin on the board. At the end
of month, now the board was full of pins. Varuna’s mother asked her to remove the pins from the
broad. She did so. Her mother told her very gently to see how many holes that she had made on
the broad by sticking the pins. Each hole on the board represents someone you have hurt. You
have made many holes in their heart by your behavior. Do you think you can repair at the hurt
you have caused so many people?

Varuna’s realized how much damage she has done to her friends, family and teacher even to
strangers and she resolved to change herself. Now the counselor asked the clients few question.

C: I asked her what did she learn from the story.

CL: The client said that anger hurts the other person. Sometime the damage caused by our anger
may not be required.

C: then I said to K to revise what make her angry.

CL: K said that when her parents do not let her do something that she wants to do, when she
does not get what she wants, when her mother keeps nagging her for work, when her parents
compare her to others in every aspect.

C: I asked her if she wants to know the ways to manage anger.

CL: The client K agreed.

Breathing exercises to exhale the anger out.

Tension release exercises to make different muscles in your body tense, and then release them.

Mindfulness and meditation can shift your mind from anger to a state of bliss, with consistent
practice.

Find a channel for your anger like exercising, running, or practicing martial arts. Alternatively,
you can tear up paper, get something soft to hold onto when clenching your first out of
frustration, or scream into your pillow, to name but a few.

89 | P a g e
Distancing yourself from the trigger by drawing, sketching, singing, or even listening to music.
Music can be therapeutic and can make you feel better instantly. Positive sounds can lower your
vibrations.

Get a least six to eight hours of sleep every day to reduce irritability and short temper.

The client took her time and made up a story using the anger management tips.

C: I discussed that anger could be managed through the following

Deep Breathing

Chng the way you think

Problem solving

Better Communication

Avoidance

My Observation:- The client enjoyed story telling and come up with an innovative story. The
difference between calm person and short tempered person is the level of tolerance and the way
they express their anger.

Plan of Action:- Practice the anger management and Intervention tips relaxation techniques.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved.

Case – 10

Name: Y

Age:11 years

Gender: Male

Educational Qualification: 7th standard

Occupation: Student

Marital Status: Unmarried

Whether client stays with parents or not: Yes

90 | P a g e
Any siblings: No

Position of client in the family: Only child

Anyone in the family having conflicts: No

Anyone in the family is suffering/ has suffered from any physical disorders: No

Presenting problem: Plays video games a lot

Date of onset of the problem: 6 months

Precipitating factor if any:

Duration of problem:

Any counselling taken: No

How intense is the problem and how does it affect the client:

 Has to take leave from work place- No

 Cannot carry on even the routine work- Yes
 Does not want to do anything- No

Family chart:

(35 yr old, (32 years old, teacher,

Shopkeeper, [Link]. [Link].)

Graduate)

(11 years old, class 7 student, Gaming addiction)

Relationship: client’s relationship with family members-

 With mother-the client is pampered by his mother and share a close relationship.
 Father- the client shares a good relation with his father.

91 | P a g e
With friends- How many friends does the client have? How does the client relates to them?

- The client has no child of his age in his neighbourhood so he doesn’t have any friends. At
school he has 2-3 friends who are good to him.

With neighbours – the client does not interact much with the neighbours.

With school and classmates – the client is polite and well behaved with classmates at school.

Educational History:

 In school /college
 How is the client in studies and academic performance?
- Above average.
 Does the client come up to the expectations of parents & teachers?
- Mostly.
 How has the performance been over the years?
- Good

Establishing Rapport:

Appearance-

 Age- 11
 Sex- Male
 Hygiene- Neatly dressed and well groomed.

Movement and behaviour-

 Client’s gait- Normal gait with slow pace walk.

 Posture- Normal posture
 Coordination- good coordination
 Eye contact- difficulty in maintaining eye contact.

Affect- Normal

Mood- calm

Speech-

92 | P a g e
  The volume of the client’s speech- Low
 The rate or speed of speech- Normal
 The length of answers to questions- short
 The appropriateness of the answers- ambiguous.
 Clarity of answers and similar characteristics- Clear

Provisional diagnosis: Gaming addiction.

Session – 1

Client’s name- Y Date- 10/04/2021

Interview- 1

Purpose of the Session:- To gather relevant information and understand the underlying issue.

Start of the Session:-

The client y entered the counsellor’s cabin with his father and mother. The boy was neatly
dressed with normal psychomotor activity I greeted them and asked them to take their seats. The
parents and the child got seated.

C: I asked them how they were.

Parents: They are fine.

C: I asked the boy to wait outside as she talks to his parents.

CL: The boy went out of the room.

C: I asked the parents to describe the problem they are facing.

F: started telling that Y is their only child. He was a very bright child earlier but from past 6
months he has started to play games on phone excessively. He has also stopped paying attention
to his studies and this has affected his grades and now becoming an average student. After school
earlier he used to complete his homework timely, he even participated in extra curricular
activities but now they are getting complaints from school about his performance.

93 | P a g e
The father said they they’ve tried to stop him from playing but he threw tantrums and stopped
eating his food. So they had to let him play. Even if they call him for some help while he’s
playing games, he gets irritated and do not listen to them.

C: I asked them how and when did the problem started.

M: The mother said that as they shifted to a new place last year, they don’t have any child of his
age in the neighbourhood.

The parents had to buy him a tablet due to online classes in COVID times. He got to know about
these games from an elder cousin. Initially he played for short durations and since he was doing
well in studies, this didn’t seem to be an issue. But gradually his play time increased and now
here they were.

C: I asked them what do they think caused the situation to worsen.

M: The mother told that they both are working parents so were not able to pay attention to his
schedule and spend some time with him. She thinks that this caused him to indulge in games for
more time and now he’s got this habit.

F: The father told the counsellor that they have realized that they have made some mistakes but
they are now worried that he is losing interest in studies and other things that he was good at and
also this habit will effect his eyes.

C: I told the parents that she understands their concern and all that they have said She told them
that she heeds to talk to Y and will continue in next session.

My Observation:- The parents looked relatively relaxed that they were able to convey their
concern to the counsellor. The client has addiction of playing games.

Plan of Action:- Interview the client and to make him aware of adverse effects of playing too
much games online.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Session:-2

94 | P a g e
Client’s name-Y Date- 12/04/21

Interview-1

Purpose of the Session:- Interview the client and make him aware of the adverse of playing
games excessively

Start of the Session:-

The client came with his mother. The client looked nervous. The mother greeted the counsellor.
The counsellor greeted back and told the mother to wait outside as she wants to talk to Y. The
mother agreed. The counsellor asked Y to take the seat.

As he looked nervous, the counsellor decided to make him comfortable and told him that he can
feel free to convey whatever he wants as whatever he would tell her will be kept confidential.
Only that information which he says can be passed on to other family members would be done
so.

The client looked visibly relaxed.

C: the counsellor proceeded further and asked him what are his hobbies.

CL: The boy said that he liked drawing and playing games on his tablet.

C: I asked him what did he draw last time.

CL: the client said he drew a peacock few months back.

C: I asked him which game did he played last and when.

CL: The client said the he played tekken and shadow fight yesterday.

C: I asked him that he has 2 hobbies but how is that he has drawn something so long ago and
played game just the day before.

CL: The client Y said that he likes playing games more. He used to like drawing but now has
more interest in games.

95 | P a g e
C: I told him that drawing helps us in many ways such as- improving concentration, enhancing
self-expression and creativity, developing fine motor skills, relieving stress and anxiety making
us calm and at peace.

What does he think playing games helps in.

CL: Y answered that it helps him to be busy and he enjoys playing games.

C: I asked him what was his life before video games.

CL: The client said he knows his parents didn’t disturb him earlier like they do now all the time.
Also he was appreciated.

C: I asked him how was his performance at studies.

CL: The client said he topped in his class.

C: I asked him how is it now.

CL: The client Y said that he scored low last time.

C: then I asked him what does he think are the reasons for this change in performance and his
parents behavior.

CL: The client answered that he might have started to pay less attention to his studies and more
time to playing games.

C: I asked him isn’t it that hobbies are something that we do in our free time for enjoyment.

CL: The client agreed.

C: I asked him if he told earlier that playing games is his hobby.

CL: The client agreed.

C: I asked him if he is doing it as a hobby.

CL: The client said his not doing it as hobby.

C: I asked him if he knows what are his parents’ concerns about his gaming habit.

96 | P a g e
CL: The client agreed and said that his parents are worried about his low scores in tests and his
eyesight.

C: I asked him if these things that concern his parents, concern him.

CL: The client said he sometimes feel this but cannot control the urge to play games.

C: I asked him if he needs help she can help him.

CL: The boy agreed.

C: then I told him that they’ll discuss the necessary measures in the next session.

My Observation:- The client Y looked relaxed by the end of the session as he felt that he was
listened to and was able to convey his thoughts to the counsellor.

Plan of Action:- Suggest step by step measures to help the client get over with his gaming
addiction.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

Session:-3

Client’s name- Y Date-13/04/2021

Interview- 1

Purpose of the Session:- Suggest measures to help the client with gaming addiction.

Start of the Session:-

The client Y came with his parents. The counsellor greeted them and asked them to take their
seats. The client and his parents greeted back and got seated.

C: I told them that she has understood the problem completely and has planned some
interventions.

Interventions Suggested:-

97 | P a g e
I told the parents that they should start by having strict set of regulation at home about time and
type of mobile/tablet use. They should also be role model about use by adhering to rules
themselves.

 Along with it they should implement screen rules.

 Avoid keeping gadgets in their own rooms.
 Reduce the screen time is lowly for example first reduce time by 10-15 min then by 30
min & so on.
 Most importantly, get involved with your child in other alternative tasks that are of his
interests, for example-drawing, playi8ng board games, gardening, cooking etc,
 To decrease his frustration and irritation, practice relaxation techniques and mindfulness
in family.

As he is the only child involve him with yourself and get involved with him in his tasks too. Do
not scold or show aggressive behavior towards him as he will be more resilient to leave gaming
then.

I told the parents to follow as suggested and if needed they can further take more sessions.

My Observation:- Interventions suggested would help the child in keeping busy in other tasks
and with family he’ll enjoy it too.

Plan of Action:- Continue the interventions as suggested.

The purpose with which today’s session was started was achieved

98 | P a g e