Half Yearly Exam (2024-25)

Class – XII
Subject – Physics
Name:
Time: - 3hr
Roll No: - M.M.: -
70
General Instructions.
1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
2. This question paper has five sections: Section A Section B, Section C Section and Section E.
3. All the sections are compulsory.
4. Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning case of 1 mark each, Section
B contains five questions of two marks each. Section C contains seven questions of three marks each, Section
D contains two case study based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three long answer
questions of five marks each.
5. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section B, one
question in Section C. one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in Section E. You have
to attempt on, onesuch questions.
6. Use of calculators is not allowed.
7. You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary
8
i. c=3 × 10 m/s
−31
ii. me =9.1 ×10 kg
−19
iii. e=1.6 × 10 C
−7 −1
iv. μ0=4 π ×10 Tm A
−34
v. h=6.63 ×10 Js
−12 2 −1 −2
vi. ε 0=8.854 × 10 C N m
vii. Avogadro's number = 6.023 ×10 23 per gram mole
Section – A
1. Two point Charges +8 q and −2 q are located x=0 and x=L respectively. the point on x−axis at
which net electric field is Zero due to these Charge is:
a. 8L c. 2L
b. 4L d. L
2. The electric flux through a closed Gaussian Surface depends upon
a. net charge enclosed and Permittivity of the medium.
b. net charge enclosed, Permittivity of the medium and the Size of the Gaussian Surface.
c. net charge enclosed only
d. Permittivity of the medium only
3. A Conducting sphere of Radius R is given a charge Q. Electric potential and the electric field at the
Centre of the Sphere respectively are:
Zero∧Q Q
a. 2 ❑
∧Q
4 π ε0 R c. 4 π ε 0 R
Q 4 π ε0 R
2
b. ❑
Zero∧¿
4 π ε0 R d. Both are Zero
4. The charge on 3 μF Capacitor shown in the figure is

a. 2 μC c. 6 μC
b. 10 μC d. 8 μC
5. Charge through a Conductor is given as a function of time ‘t’ as q=4 t 2 + 4 t+ 4 Coulomb. At 2 Sec,
what is the current flowing?
a. 12A c. 20 A
b. 8 A d. 28 A

6. The Emf and internal resistance of a cell are E and R respectively. it is connected across an external
resistance R=2r. The potential drop across the terminals of the Cell will be:
E 2
a. c. E
4 3
E E
b. d.
2 3
7. Two horizontal thin long parallel wires separated by a distance ‘r’ Carry Current I each in the
opposite directions. The net magnetic field at a point midway between themwill be:
a. Zero
b.( )μ0 I
vertically downwards
c. ( )2 μ0 I
π
vertically upward

( )
3 πr μ0 I
d. vertically downwards
πr
8. An electron is projected with Uniform velocity along the axis of a Current Carrying long solenoid.
Which of the followingis true?
a. The electron will be accelerated along the axis
b. The electron path will be Circular about the axis.
c. The electron will experience a force at 45° to the axis and hence execute a helical path.
d. The electron will continue to move with Uniform velocity alongthe axis of the solenoid.
9. Which of the following has its permeability less than that different space?
a. Copper c. Copper Chloride
b. Aluminium d. Nickel
10. If the magnetizing field on a ferromagnetic materialis increased, its permeability:
a. Decreases
b. Increases
c. remains unchanged
d. First decreases and then increases.
11. The magnetic flux linked with the Coil (in weber) is given by the equation:ϕ=(5 t 2+3 t +16) The
induced emf in the Coil at time, t=4 will be
a. -27V c. -108V
b. -43V d. 210V
12. The Coefficient of mutual inductance of two coil depends on:
a. Medium between the coils c. Orientation of the two coils
b. Distance between the coils d. All of the above.
Assertion & Reason Type Questions
Directions (Q. No. 13-16): In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a
statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a). Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(b). Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c). Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d). Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false
13. Assertion (A) - A negative charge in an electric field moves along the direction of the electric field.
Reason (R) - on a negative charge, a force acts in the direction of the electric field.
14. Assertion (A) - Current flows in a conductor only there is an external field with in the conductor.
Reason (R)- The drift velocity of the electrons is directly Proportional to the electric field.
15. Assertion (A) - when radius of a Circular loop carrying a Steady Current is doubled, it's magnetic
momentbecomes four times.
 Reason (R):- The magnetic moment of a circular loop carrying a steady Current is proportional to the
area of the loop.
16. Assertion (A)- In water, value of magnetic field decreases.
Reason (R) - water is a diamagnetic Substance.

Section – B
17. A heating element using nichrome Connected to a 230V Supply draws an initial Current of 3.2 A
which Settles after a few seconds to a steady value of 2.8 A. what is the steady Temperature of the
heating element if the room temperature is 27.0°C and the temperature Coefficient of resistance of
nichrome is 1.70 ×10−4 ° C−1 ?
18. State and prove Gauss's law.
19. A dielectric slab of thickness ‘t' is introduced without touching between the plates of a parallel plate
Capacitor Separated by a distance ‘d’ (t<d). Derive an expression for the Capacitance of the
Capacitor.
20. Using Biot Savart's law deduce the expression for the magnetic field at a point (x) on the axis of a
Circular Current Carrying loop of radius R. How is the direction of the magnetic field determined at
this point?
21. Write any two points of difference between a diamagnetic and aparamagnetic substances.
OR
Define mutual inductance and write its SI unit.
Section – C
22. Using Gauss's Law, deduce the expression for the electric field due to uniformly charged spherical
Conducting shell of radius Rata point (i) outside (ii) inside the shell.
23. Two point charges +6q and -8qare placed at the vertices B and Cof an equilateral Triangle ABC of
side ‘a’ as shown in fig. obtain the expression for (i) the magnitude and (ii) the direction of the
resultant electric field at the vertex A due to these two charges.

24. Derive an expression for the electrical potential general point at distance r from the Centre of a
dipole.
25. Charge (+q) and (-q) are placed at the points A and B respectively which are a distance 2L apart. C is
the mid- Point between A and B. what is the work done in moving. Charge +Q along the Semicircle
CRD.

Two charges 3 ×10−8 C and −2 ×10−8 C are located 15 cm apart. At what point on the line foining
the two Charges is the electric potential Zero? Take the potential at infinity to be Zero.
26. Using Kirchhoff's rules, calculate the Current through the 40 Ω and 20 Ω resistors in the following
Circuit.
OR

In wheat bridge, P=10 Ω, Q=5 Ω, R=5 Ω, S=10 Ω and Rg=5 Ω. Find the current through the
galvanometer in the unbalanced position of the bridge, when a battery of 10V and internal resistance
2 Ω is used.
27. Two long straight parallel current carrying Conductors are kept at ‘a’distant apart in air. The
direction of current in both the conductors is same. Find the magnitude of force per unit length and
direction of Force between them.
28. Find Torque on a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field hence defined magnetic dipole
moment
OR
Define Self-inductance. Derive the expression for Self- inductance of a long solenoid of length l,
Cross-Sectional area A HavingNumber of turns ‘N’
Section – D
Case Study Based questions:
29. A Wheatstone bridge is an electrical circuit used to measure an unknown electrical resistance by
balancing two legs of a bridge circuit, one leg of which includes the unknown component. The
primary benefit of the circuit is its ability to provide extremely accurate measurements.

The resistance is adjusted until the bridge is 'balanced' and no current flows through the
galvanometer. At this point, the voltage between the two mid-points (B and D) will be zero.
Therefore, the ratio of the two resistances in the known leg is equal to the ratio of the two resistances
in the unknown leg.
Read the given passage carefully and give the answer of the following questions:
a. In balanced Wheatstone bridge:
i. potential at points B and D remain same
ii. large current flows through the circuit
iii. battery becomes over heated
iv. resistances become small
 b. Wheatstone bridge is used to measure:
i. unknown current iii. unknown voltage
ii. unknown charge iv. unknown resistance
c. Wheatstone bridge is implemented in lab using:
i. Ammeter iii. Voltmeter
ii. Meter bridge iv. Potentiometer
d. Condition for balancedWheatstone bridge
R1 R3 ii. R3=R 1 × R X
i. =
R2 RX iii. R1=R 3 × R X
iv. None of these
e. Wheatstone bridge is analogous to:
i. Cantilever iii. simple level system
ii. gear train iv. Mechanical clutch
30. Coulomb's law states that the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion acting between two
stationary points charges is given by

where F denotes the force between two charges q 1 and q 2 separated by a distance in free space, ε 0 is a
constant known as permittivity of free space. Free space is vacuum and may be taken to be air
practically.
If free space is replaced by a medium, then & replaced by (ε 0 k ) or (ε 0 ε r), where k is known as
dielectric constant or relative permittivity.
Read the given passage carefully and give the answer of the following questions:
q1 q 2
a. In Coulomb's law, f =k 2 , then on which of the following factors does the proportionality
r
constant k depends?
i. Electrostatic force acting between the two charges
ii. Nature of the medium between the two charges
iii. Magnitude of the two charges
iv. Distance between the two charges
b. Dimensional formula for the permittivity constant ε 0 of free space is:
i. [ M L−3 T 4 A 2 ] iii. [ M −1 L−3 T 4 A2 ]
ii. [ M −1 L3 T 2 A2 ] iv. [ M L−3 T 4 A −2 ]
c. The force of repulsion between two charges of 1 C each, kept 1 m apart in vacuum is:
1 iii. 9 ×10 7 N
i. N
9 ×10
9
1
9 iv. 12
N
ii. 9 ×10 N 9 ×10
d. Two identical charges repel each other with a force equal to 10 mg wt when they are 0.6 m
apart in air. (g = 10 ms−2 ). The value of each charge is:
i. 2mC iii. 2nC
ii. 2 ×10−7 mC iv. 2 μC
 Section – E
31. (a) Why do the electric field lines never cross each other? [2]
(b) Two thin Concentric and Coplanar spherical shells of radii a and b (b>a) Carry charges q and Q,
respectively. Find the magnitude of the electric field, at a point distant, from their common Centre
for [3]
a. 0< x < a c. b ≤ x< ∞
b. a ≤ x< b
OR
(a) 600PF Capacitor is charged by a 200v Supply. It is then disconnected from the Supply and is
connected to another Uncharged 600 PF Capacitor. How much electrostatic energy is lost in the
process? [2]
(b) Explain what happen if in the Capacitor given in 18 PF, a 3 mm thick mica Sheet (of dielectric
Constant = 6) were inserted between the plates (i) while the voltage supply remains connected (ii)
after the Supply was disconnected. [3]
32. Explain the mechanism of the flow of Current in a metallic Conductor. Hence define the terms drift
velocity and relaxation time. Deduce a relation between them. [5]

OR
(i) Derive an expression for the electric field intensity at a point on the equatorial line of an electric
dipole moment P and length 2l. What is the direction of this field? [4]
(ii) Define electric flux. [1]
33. How is a galvanometer converted into a voltmeter and an ammeter? Draw the relevant diagrams and
find the resistance of the arrangement in each Case. Take resistance of galvanometer as G. Define the
term voltage Sensitivity. [5]
OR
(1) Derive relation between electric current and drift velocity. [2]
(2) Define mobility of Charge Carrier. [1]
(3) State Ampere's Circuital law and write the formula of magnetic field due to an infinitely long
wire Carrying I. [2]