Dr.

Nabila El Khodary
Professor of Prosthodontics
 Introduction - Terminology

Dentulous A condition in which complete set of natural

teeth are present in the mouth.

Edentulous A condition in which complete absence of

teeth in the mouth.
 Introduction - Terminology

Partially Edentulous A condition in which some of the natural teeth

are lost.
Prosthesis: Is an artificial
replacement of an absent part of the
human body.
Removable Partial denture is :
A dental prosthesis that restores partial loss
of teeth, one or more but not all of the
natural teeth and their supportingstructures.
It is supported in part by natural teeth ,
dental implant , or other fixed partial
dentures and/or the mucosa
1. Restoration of Masticatory efficiency

2. Restoration of Impaired speech

(Disability of proper pronunciation)

3. Restoration & Improvement of Appearance

4.Preservation & maintenance of the remaining

oral structure

5.The prosthesis must be comfortable to the

patient.
1- Restoration of masticatory efficiency

2- Restoration of impaired speech

Labio-dental: Sounds (f, v)

Lingo-dental: Sounds (th)
3- Restoration and improvement of
appearance.
4- Preservation and maintenance of the
remaining oral structures
1- No abutment tooth posterior to edentulous
space

2- Edentulous areas too extensive for fixed

prosthesis or too numerous.
 INDICATIONS OF RPD
3- Need to restore lost tissues.

4- Attitude and desire of the patient.

5- Periodontally weak teeth not sufficiently
sound to support fixed- partial denture.
6- Need of bilateral bracing (cross arch
stabilization)
1. No abutment tooth posterior to the
edentulous space.

2. Edentulous areas too extensive or too numerous for a fixed

prosthesis.

3. Need to restore lost tissues.

4. Attitude and desire of the patient.

5. Week abutment.

6.Need for bilateral bracing.

7.Ethetics:simulating diastema,dental crowding or dental rotation.

(permit a more pleasing appearance)

8-Children because of wide pulp chamber.

 1. Reduced masticatory efficiency
 2. Disability of speech
 3. Development of abnormal chewing
movements
 4. Tissue changes
 Resorption of the edentulous ridges
 Disturbance of the TMJ
 Over- eruption of the un-opposed teeth
 Drifting of the remaining teeth
 Changing in the supporting tissues of the
teeth from over-function or non- function
 Attrition accompanied by closeness of the bite
 Enlargement of the tongue from over- function
 Bad oral hygiene due to lack of firiction
predisposing to calculus formation, periodontal
diseases and caries
Over- eruption of the un-opposed
teeth
 Over eruption of
opposing tooth
- root exposure,
- sensitivity.
- accumulation of food ,
caries.
- recession of gingiva.
- pocket formation.
Drifting of the remaining teeth

Change Of The Pattern Of Mandibular Closure

 Attrition accompanied by closeness of
the bite
.
.
 I- Excessive stress on the supporting
structures:
- Bone resorption
- Loosening of the remaining teeth
-Inflamation and ulceration of the mucosa
 II- Premature contact of the teeth may
cause
- TMJ disorders
- Destructive effect on teeth and bone
 III- Food stagnation around the component
parts of RPD may lead to:
- Soft tissue inflammation
- Decay and pocket formation
 Restores
Easily repaired Easier for good
long span oral hygiene of
and adjusted
of lost abutments
Restores dentition
function when May support
Stabilizes periodontally
no distal teeth
the arches involved teeth
present
Fewer intraoral Proper occlusal Less expensive
procedures plane is than fixed
than fixed maintained prostheses
pros. Copyright © 2006 Thomson
Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED. 24
-
 1- Metallic partial denture

METAL FRAMEWORK REMOVABLE METALIC PARTIAL DENTURE

2-Acrylic resin RPD
It provide an ideal degree of flexibility and stability when processed
and finished to the recommended thickness.
They are made from an unbreakable nylon resin, which has
elastic recovery, natural translucency and excellent
biocompatibility.
 Classifications are developed ? ? ? ? to facilitate
communication between individuals
 Types of edentulous spaces:

Bounded Free end

edentulous edentulous
space space

Abutment teeth An abutment tooth

At both ends At one end only
Abutment Tooth

A supporting structure

Atooth used as support for a false tooth or for free end of a

bridge.
 YES
Would it be helpful to
classify partially
edentulous arches that
share common
characteristics?

.
 Should permit immediate visualization of the
partial edentulous area.
 Should permit immediate differentiation between
bounded and free end spaces.
 Should be universally accepted.
 Serve as a guide to the type of design to be used.
The most widely accepted system of
classification of RPDs and partially
edentulous arches was proposed by
Dr. Edward Kennedy in 1925.
It is based on the configuration of
the remaining natural teeth and
edentulous spaces.
 McGivney GP, Carr AB, William L. McCracken’s Removable Partial Prosthodontics. 10th edition, CV Mosby Company, 1999
Kennedy divided all partially edentulous arches
into 4 main types according to the position
and number of edentulous spaces .

CLASS I - Bilateral edentulous Areas located

posterior to the remaining natural teeth

CLASS II - Unilateral edentulous Areas

located posterior to the remaining natural
teeth

CLASS III - Unilateral edentulous Area with

natural teeth remaining both anterior and
posterior to it

CLASS IV – Single but bilateral Edentulous

Area located Anterior to Remaining Teeth and
Crossing the Midline
 Kennedy ‘s classification
Kennedy ‘s classified R.P.D.
according to the position of
the edentulous area ,into four
main classes.

Class I
Bilateral edentulous area
located posterior to the
remaining natural teeth.
Class II

Unilateral edentulous
area located posterior
to the remaining
natural teeth.
 Class III
unilateral edentulous
area with natural
teeth remaining both
anterior and posterior
to it .
UNILATERAL
 Class IV
A single anterior
free end edentulous
area located anterior
to the remaining
teeth and crossing the
midline.
 Each kennedy classification except class I refers to a single
edentulous area

Additional areas of edentulism may occur within a dental arch.

Kennedy referred to each additional area not each missing tooth
as a modification space.
 The kennedy classification should be
difficult to apply in every situation without
certain rules of application.
 Applegate provided eight rules that govern
application of kennedy system in 1954.
Rule 1
Classification should follow rather than
precede any extraction of teeth that might
alter the original classification
Rule 2
If the third molar is missing and not to be
replaced, it is not considered in the
classification
Rule 3
If the third molar is present and to be used as
an abutment, it is considered in the
classification
Rule 4
If a second molar is missing and is not to be
replaced,because the opposing second molar
is also missing, it is not considered in the
Classification
Rule 5

The most posterior edentulous area or areas

Always determines the classification
Rule 6
Edentulous areas other than those
determining the classification are referred
to as modifications and are designated by
their numbers
Rule 7
The extent of the modification is not
considered, only the number of additional
edentulous areas
Rule 8
 No modification areas can be included in Class IV
arches.
 Other edentulous areas that lie posterior to the
single bilateral areas crossing the midline would
instead determine the classification.
Class I mod.1 Class II mod.1

Class III mod.1 Class IIImod.3

 Tooth Born

Tissue Born

Tooth- tissue
Born
 Tooth
Born removable partial denture is
supported entirely by the abutment teeth
 If the denture is supported on adjacent teeth
by components such as occlusal rests, the
force is transmitted to the bone via teeth
and periodontal ligaments, and the denture
is described as 'tooth-borne'
 Tissue
born removable partial denture is
supported entirely by the mucosa and
underlying bone
 Ifthe denture rests solely on the
mucoperiosteum, the force is transmitted
through that tissue and the denture is
termed 'mucosa-born’
 Tooth -tissue born removable partial denture
is supported by both abutment teeth and
the mucosa and the underlying bone. It is
called “True partial denture”
 It has at least one free- end extension
 When a saddle has an abutment tooth at one
end only (a distal extension saddle), the
denture can at best be 'tooth/mucosa-borne'
 classification

Class I Class II

Class III Class IV