Trigonometry
❖ LO: Apply Trigonometry to find a missing side
❖ LO: Apply Trigonometry to find a missing side
WAT: Identify the correct sides of a
triangle, and be able to recite
SOHCAHTOA
WAB: Be able to identify the correct
formula and use it accurately to
find a side
WAB+: Be able to solve worded
trigonometry problems.
Key Vocabulary Cross Curricular Links
Sine Cosine Tangent Engineering Design
Opposite Hypotenuse Technology
Adjacent
❖ LO: Apply Trigonometry to find a missing side
Trigonometry
• To be able to solve problems in Trigonometry, you
must first be able to recognise ‘which side is which’
Opposite Adjacent
θ
Adjacent Opposite
Hypotenuse – The longest side, always across from the Right-angle
Opposite – The side opposite the angle that is marked (not the Right-angle)
Adjacent – The side adjacent (next to) both the marked angle & the right-
angle
❖ LO: Apply Trigonometry to find a missing side
Trigonometry
• Which side is which?
θ
Adj
y
Hypy x
Hyp
z
Opp
θ
Adj
x z
Opp
Adj Opp
z
z
θ
Opp
y Adj
x
Hyp
x y
Hyp
θ
❖ LO: Apply Trigonometry to find a missing side
Trigonometry The ‘Magic’ Triangles
– Remember SOH CAH TOA
O A O
S H C H T A
C = Cosθ T = Tanθ
S= Sinθ
A = Adjacent Side O = Opposite Side
O = Opposite
H = Hypotenuse A = Adjacent Side
H = Hypotenuse
θ is the symbol used to represent an unknown angle
❖ LO: Apply Trigonometry to find a missing side
Finding a Side
Starter: Label the sides of the following triangles:
Opp
z
x
Opp
Adj
x
Hyp
z
y
Adj
Hyp
y
SOHthe
What’s CAH
magicTOA
word?
❖ LO: Apply Trigonometry to find a missing side
Trigonometry
• The topic for the next few lessons is Trigonometry
• Trigonometry is a process for finding angles or sides in
a Right-angled Triangle
• Higher level Trigonometry has many applications,
including;
• Engineering (such as constructing buildings)
• Warfare (what angle should we fire a cannon?)
• Space Travel (calculating trajectories)
• Today we will be looking at finding unknown sides
❖ LO: Apply Trigonometry to find a missing side
Trigonometry
• Look at the 3 Triangles
• What can we say about them?
2cm
• They are ‘similar’ ie) Their sides
are in the same proportion
6cm
1cm
• So what can we say about the 3
marked angles? 3cm
• They must all be equal as the
sides given are in the same ratio 3cm
• This is the basis for
Trigonometry 9cm
❖ LO: Apply Trigonometry to find a missing side
Trigonometry - Sine
• The ‘SOH’ Triangle
Sinθ =
Opposite
Hypotenuse O
Opposite =
Sinθ x Hypotenuse
S H
Hypotenuse = S = Sinθ
Opposite
Sinθ O = Opposite
H = Hypotenuse
❖ LO: Apply Trigonometry to find a missing side
Trigonometry - Cosine
• The ‘CAH’ Triangle
Cosθ =
Adjacent
Hypotenuse A
Adjacent = C H
Cosθ x Hypotenuse
C = Cosθ
Hypotenuse = A = Adjacent Side
Adjacent
Cosθ H = Hypotenuse
❖ LO: Apply Trigonometry to find a missing side
Trigonometry - Tangent
• The ‘TOA’ Triangle
Tanθ =
Opposite
Adjacent O
Opposite = T A
Tanθ x Adjacent
T = Tanθ
Adjacent = O = Opposite Side
Opposite
Tanθ A = Adjacent Side
Finding a side Hyp
32° 10m
• Example Question 1
Adj
Calculate the length of the side labelled
‘x’
• Write out SOH CAH TOA and label the x
5.3m
sides Opp
• Cross out the side you are given & the SOH CAH TOA
side you want
• The one with two crossed out is the O
‘Magic Triangle’ we need.
• Think about which side you are wanting S H
to find and use the ‘Magic Triangle’ to
write out the correct formula
• Substitute the values in and calculate. O = sinθ x H
If you want to talk through a couple more
examples, stay with me. O = sin32 x 10
If you understand but feel you need to practice
the skill move on to the fluency questions. = 5.299192642
If you understand and feel extremely confident,
attempt the worded questions. = 5.3m (1dp)
• Example Question 2 A
Opp Hyp
Calculate the length of BC 9m
25°
• Write out SOH CAH TOA and label the B C
sides Adj
• Cross out the side you are given & the SOH CAH TOA
side you want
• The one with two crossed out is the O
‘Magic Triangle’ we need.
T A
• Think about which side you are wanting
to find and use the ‘Magic Triangle’ to 𝑂
write out the correct formula 𝐴=
𝑡𝑎𝑛θ
• Substitute the values in and calculate.
9
If you want to talk through one more example, 𝐴=
stay with me. 𝑡𝑎𝑛25
If you understand but feel you need to practice
the skill move on to the fluency questions. = 19.30056228
If you understand and feel extremely confident,
attempt the worded questions. = 19.3m (1dp)
• Example Question 3
Hyp 16cm
Calculate the length of the side labeled Opp
a 27°
a
• Write out SOH CAH TOA and label the Adj
sides
• Cross out the side you are given & the SOH CAH TOA
side you want
• The one with two crossed out is the A
‘Magic Triangle’ we need.
• Think about which side you are wanting C H
to find and use the ‘Magic Triangle’ to
write out the correct formula
• Substitute the values in and calculate.
𝐴 = cos θ x H
If you feel you need to practice the skill move on
𝐴 = cos 27 x 16
to the fluency questions. = 14.25610439
If you understand and feel extremely confident, = 14.3m (1dp)
attempt the worded questions.
Be able to identify the correct formula and use it accurately to
find a side
Give your answers to 2 d.p.
Be able to identify the correct formula and use it accurately to
find a side
Give your answers to 2 d.p.
Be able to solve worded trigonometry problems.
Height = 8.66cm
Area = 43.3cm2
Didn’t need Trigonometry. Could
have used Pythagoras
Be able to solve worded trigonometry problems.
x = 4.33cm
Area of one triangle = 10.825cm2
Area of hexagon = 64.95cm2
Didn’t need Trigonometry. Could
have used Pythagoras
Be able to solve worded trigonometry problems.
357.17 m
Be able to identify the correct formula and use it accurately to
find a side
Plenary
Hyp
Opp
A
C H
Adj
Hyp = Adj/Cosθ
Hyp = 12.6/Cos37
Hyp = 15.78cm (2dp)
Be able to identify the correct formula and use it accurately to
find a side
Plenary 2
Base of top triangle = 5.9587…
x = 4.655…
x = 4.7cm / 4.66cm
❖ LO: Apply Trigonometry to find a missing side
WAT: Identify the correct sides of a
triangle, and be able to recite
SOHCAHTOA
WAB: Be able to identify the correct
formula and use it accurately to
find a side
WAB+: Be able to solve worded
trigonometry problems.
Key Vocabulary Cross Curricular Links
Sine Cosine Tangent Engineering Design
Opposite Hypotenuse Technology
Adjacent
