a —___—_—_________. A half-wave rectifier, having a resistive load of 1000 Q, rectifies an alternating voltage of 325 V peak value and the diode has a forward resistance of 100 Q. Calculate (a) peak, average and rms value of current (b) de power output (c) ac input power and (4) efficiency of the rectifier. (a) Peak value of current, 1,, = 325 —#—=—*9 __ 295.45 mA 77 +R, 100+1000 Average current, In = In x I RMS value of curent Jag, = (b) The de power output, Py. =. xR, = (94.046 x 10-5)? x 1000 = 8.845 W (©) The ac input power, — Pye = (Irn)? X (y+ Ry) = (147.725 x 109)? (1100) = 24 W P, (d) Efficiency of rectification, n= = = = = 36.85%. A half-wave rectifier is used to supply 24 V de to a resistive load of 500 @ and the diode has a forward resistance of 50 Q. Calculate the maximum value of the ac voltage required at the input. Average value of load current, Vac _ 24 R, 500 Maximum value of load current, fy, = 1% Iy_= 70 48 mA = 150.8 mA Therefore, maximum ac voltage required at the input, Vow =n % (y+ Ry) = 150.8 x 10°° x 550 = 82.94 Vpec] ‘Anac supply of 230 V is applied to a half-wave rectifier circuit through transformer of turns ratio 5:1. Assume the diode is an ideal one. The load resistance is 300 Q. Find (a) de output voltage, (b) PIV, (c) maximum, and (d) average values of power delivered to the load. (a) The transformer secondary voltage = = =46V Maximum value of secondary voltage, V,, = V2 x 46 =65 V ‘Therefore, de output voltage, Vg = = 8-207 a () PIV of adiode 5 Mi im val of load t, I, Vn 65 O.21I7A Qu 2 = vn = 8 W9,; (©) Maximum value of load current, n= Fe = 300 ‘Therefore, maximum value of power delivered to the load, Pyy = Tn X Ry = (0.217) x 300 = 14.1 W (@ The average value of load current, Therefore, average value of power delivered to the load, Pao = BX R, 43 W kLza—$£—$__________________, AHWR has a load of 3.5 kQ. If the diode resistance and secondary coil resist of 800 Q and the input voltage has a signal voltage of peak value 240 V. Cal (@) peak average and rms value of current flowing (©) de power output (©) ac power input (4) efficiency of the rectifier BRB ees resistance in a wR, R,=3.5kQ Diode resistance and secondary coil resistance, ry + r, = 800 Q Peak value of input voltage = 240 V tance together have a resistance culate (@) Peak value of current, In 55.81 mA, 55.81 x 10% Average value of current, Vac = 17.77 mA, The rms value of current, — In, 27.905 mAElectronic Devices and Circuits 138 (b) The de power output is 2 x 3500 = 1.105 W Py = (lg)? Rp = (17.77 * 1039 eee JP x (r+ Ry) = 27.905 x 10™*)? x 4300 = 3.348 W (@)_ Efficiency of the rectifier is = 1105 100 = 33% 3.34 & AHWR circuit supplies 100 mA de to a 250 Q load. Find the de output voltage, PIV rating of a diode and the rms voltage for the transformer supplying the rectifier. Given [4,= 100 mA, R, = 250.2 (a) The de output voltage, Vee = IgeX Ry, = 100 x 107? x 250 = 25 V (0) The maximum value of secondary voltage, Vy = 1X Vyo= 1X 25 = 78.54 V (c) PIV rating of adiode, V,, = 78.54 V. (4) The rms voltage for the transformer supplying the rectifier, A voltage of 200 cos ax is applied to HWR with load resistance of 5 kQ. Find the maximum de curreat component, rms current, ripple factor, TUF and rectifier efficiency, Given applied voltage = 200 cosa, V,, = 200 V, R, = 5 kQ (a) To find de current: 7 200 = 40mA 5x10 In _ 40103 Therefore, Ig 2x10" 212.73 mA (6) To find rms curren: 40 x 10% ——=20mA (c) Ripple factor: _ {20x10 Y 12.73 x 10°Rectifiers Fikers and Power Suppers a9 (@ To determine TUF: Tur = fe Precrted) Py. = BR, = (12.73 x 10) x 5x 10? = 0.81 W 200 40x10" _ v2 2 _ 081 Therefore, = 0.2863 ‘ac(rued) 2-828 - Pye (©) Rectifier efficiency: = Py. = 0.81 W Pre = Py, = (20x 10-3)? x $x 10° 2 W P, Therefore, n= x 100-98! 100 = 405%is it 1 step-down, centre-tap transformer use in a ful}. tage is applied to the primary of a 5:1 step: f vay pene inie vvoad of 900 0. Ifthe diode resistance and secondary coil resistance together has a Tesistancy wet00 ©. determine (a) dc voltage across the load, (b) dc current flowing through the load, (c) de poye, sttivered to the load, (2) PIV across each diode, (¢) ripple voltage and its frequency and (f)rectifcatnn efficiency. 230 The voltage across the two ends of secondary = === 46 V Voltage from centre tapping to one end, Ving 2 (a) The de voltage across the load, Vac oxen =20.7V (b) The de current flowing through the load, Ij. = (c) The de power delivered to the load, Pac = (lae)” X Ry, = (20.7 x 1073)? x 900 = 0.386 W (@)_ PIV across each diode = 2V,, =2x23x ¥2 =65V (e) Ripple voltage, Veams = Vang)” = Vag)? = (23? = (20.7? = 10.05 V Frequency of ripple voltage =2x60= 120 Hz ©) Rectification efficiency, no fie = Mag, _ Wa? hc Ways PIR, Wa) 23)" Therefore, percentage of rectification efficiency = 81% Eee, ‘i ee art Cenire-1ap transformer of 100-0-100 Vand each one of the diodes is rated # iecislor hor aiies m ma Neglecting the vollage drop across the diodes, determine (a) the value of 10% Best G& power output, (b) de load voltage and current, and (¢) PLV of each diode (a) We know that the maximum value of e, not exceed 80% of its rated current ‘Therefore, Inygy = 0.8 x 400 ax = = 32 ‘The maximum value of the secondary naar ‘wren flowing through the diode for normal operation St0%Rectifiers. Filters and Power Suppliers 1815 V,, = V2 x100=141.4V ‘Therefore, the value of load resistor that gives the largest de power output 141.4 320 x10 4420 (p) Thede (load) voltage, Vs. = x The de load current, Iy. PIV of each diode = © ==—_$__________—_——e ‘A full-wave rectifier delivers 50 W to a load of 200 Q. If the ripple factor is 1%, calculate the ac ripple voltage across the load. | Ea The de power delivered to the load, v2 py = Ye | oR Therefore, Vac = Pye ¥ R, = J50X 200 = 100 V The ripple factor, reve Voc y, . oo1 = “= iat 100 Therefore, the ac ripple voltage across the load, V,.= 1 V EE ——_________________e In 2 full-wave rectifier, the transformer rms secondary voltage from centre tap to each end of the secondary is 50 V. The load resistance is 900 Q. If the diode resistance and transformer secondary winding resistance together has a resistance of 100 Q, determine the average load current and rms value of load current? ERE vottaze from centre tapping to one end, Vig, = 50 V v, Vays X V2 _ 70.7 Max ; bp IO Te imum load current, n= or eR, +r, +R, 10007 A 2% 10.7 x10" Average load current, ana _ 10.7 «107 RMS value of load current, 50 mAstn a forward resistance of 20 SLE8CH. A 2 Yokng, 'A full-wave rectifier circuit uses two silicon diodes connected across the load of 1 k& reads 55.4 volt. Calculate (a) Tens (b) average voltage across each diode (c) ripple factor and (a) _ transformer secondary voltage rating- Given Vy = 55.4 Vand Ry = 1 KS Vg 55-4 _ = 54,31 mA G; +R.) 20+1000 1 Ig = 21, ‘We know that atm and ems = e kno + ye XE = 54.31 X10" x 2 =85.31mA ed 2 85.31x107 85.3110 _ 60,32 mA v2 (b) The average voltage across each silicon diode will be 0.72 V- (©) To find ripple factor T 0.4833 _ |(6032x10 * V\ 54.31 x 10% To find transformer secondary voltage rating 2 We know that, Yup = HE = Iye #1) where ris the diode forward resistance and r, i the transformer secondary winding resistance 2, 55.4 = 2¥m 54.31% 107 x20=2¥™ 1.086 © % 56.49 = Mm © Therefore, Vj, = 56.49 x . = 88.73 V V, Hence, transformer secondary voltage rating is 65 V -0 = 65 V