→ The value of r denotes the strength
CORRELATION AND
of the association as illustrated by
REGRESSION ANALYSIS the following diagram.
CEE11_JIMENEZ, P.
Scatter Plots and Correlation
Correlation analysis
→ used to measure the strength of the
association (linear relationship)
between two variables and is used Regression Analysis
to tells us the direction.
→ Only concerned with strength of Regression analysis is used to:
the relationship. → Predict the value of a dependent
→ A scatter plot (or scatter diagram) variable based on the value of at
is used to show the relationship least one independent variable
between two variables → Explain the impact of changes in
an independent variable on the
dependent variable
→ the study of the relationship
between variables (x )and y).
• Dependent variable (y): the
variable we wish to explain
• Independent variable(x): the
variable used to explain the
dependent variable
Formula
You can express the relationship as a
linear equation, such as:
𝒚 = 𝒂 + 𝒃𝒙
• 𝒚 is the dependent variable
• 𝒙 is the independent variable
• a is a constant/ intercept
• b is the slope of the line
Interpretation of regression
• If 𝒙 is zero then y is 𝒂.
• For every increase of 1 in 𝒙, 𝒚 tends
Correlation Coefficient
to increase/decrease by an
→ The value of r ranges between ( -1) amount equal to |𝒃|.
and ( +1)
