PATHOLOGY

10 MARKS

1. Define and classify Neoplasia.Describe the differences between Benign and Malignant
neoplasms ×5
2. Define shock. Mention the types and discuss the etiopathogenesis of septic shock.
3. Define and classify anemia. Describe the peripheral smear and bone marrow findings of
megaloblastic anemia.
4. Define thrombosis. Discuss the etiopathogenesis and add a note on fate of thrombus. ×2/Define
thrombosis. Discuss the etiopathogenesis and complications of thrombosis. Mention the fate of
thrombus.
5. Define inflammation. Describe the clinical signs and vascular events in inflammation. ×3
6. Define diabetes mellitus. Discuss Laboratory diagnosis and complications of diabetes mellitus.
7. Define embolism. Discuss pulmonary embolism.
8. Define and classify Inflammation Discuss in detail the cellular events in acute inflammation. ×3
9. Define healing. Discuss in detail by primary intention. Add a note on factors affecting wound
healing.
10. Define metastasis. Describe the routes of spread of malignant tumors with examples.×2
11. Define necrosis. Describe the different morphological types of necrosis with examples
12. Define Neoplasia. Classify Neoplasms. Describe the routes of spread of malignant neoplasms
13. Classify diabetes mellitus. Discuss the etiopathogenesis and laboratory findings in diabetes
mellitus.
14. Define anemia. Classify anemia and add a note on lab investigation in case of anemia.

5 MARKS

1. Type of wound healing and factors influencing on wound healing

2. Define shock and discuss various types with examples
3. Squamous cell carcinoma
4. Chemical mediators of inflammation
5. Define gangrene and discuss various types of gangrene with examples.
6. Define anaemia Causes and laboratory diagnosis of iron deficiency anaemia ×4
7. FAB classification of acute myeloid leukemia
8. Osteosarcoma
9. Viral carcinogenesis
10. Fatty liver ×2
11. Discuss the laboratory findings in megaloblastic anemia.×2
12. Laboratory diagnosis of cancer ×2
13. Iron deficiency anemia - blood picture and bone marrow findings
14. Fat embolism
15. Chemical carcinogenesis
16. Tabulate the differences between Necrosis and Apoptosis ×3
17. Leukemoid reactions ×2
18. Rickets ×2
19. Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura/Immune thrombocytopenic purpura ×3
20. Etiopathogenesis of Diabetes Meletus
21. Biologic carcinogenesis
22. Describe the pathogenesis of septic shock. ×2
 23. Define anemia. write the etiological classification of anemias.
24. Describe Phagocytosis.×3
25. Define pathologic calcification. List with examples the types of pathologic calcification. ×2
26. Describe the mechanism of healing of fracture.
27. Define edema. Describe the pathogenesis pathology of pulmonary edema.
28. Define oedema and explain the pathogenesis of oedema of renal origin.
29. Describe the peripheral smear and bone marrow findings in idiopathic Thrombocytopenic
Purpura.
30. Classify Hodgkin's lymphoma. Describe the microscopy of the Mixed Cellularity type.
31. Peripheral smear and bone marrow findings in megaloblastic anemia ×4
32. Etiopathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
33. Characteristic features of benign and malignant tumours
34. Endogenous pigments
35. Wet gangrene
36. Sideroblastic anemia
37. Staining reactions of amyloid.×2
38. Pleomorphic adenoma
39. Peripheral blood smear and bone marrow findings in iron deficiency anemia
40. Hematuria
41. Peripheral smear findings in CML
42. Fatty change
43. Hemophilia A.
44. Urine sediment
45. Vitamin D deficiency
46. Discuss routes of spread of malignant tumor
47. Osteomyelitis.
48. Nutmeg liver – discuss the causes, gross and microscopic features.
49. Write a note on Ghons complex.
50. Define thrombus and discuss the fate of thrombosis.
51. Define Gangrene. Mention the types and discuss the difference between them.
52. Downs syndrome.
53. Osteogenic sarcoma.
54. Laboratory diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus.

2 MARKS

1. Fate of thrombus.
2. Sequestrum.
3. Scurvy.
4. Reed Steinberg cells
5. Mention four diseases transmitted by blood transfusions.
6. List four opportunistic infections in AIDS.
7. Causes of Eosinophilia -any four.
8. Ghons focus.
9. Microscopic features of squamous cell carcinoma.
10. Factors affecting wound healing.
11. List the cardinal signs of inflammation.
12. Define and give four examples of metaplasia.
13. Bombay blood group.
14. Name four causes of thrombocytopenia.
15. Mention any four anticoagulants.
16. List four causes of hematuria.
17. Special stains for Amyloid.
18. Granulomatous diseases-any four.
19. Oncogenic viruses-any four.
20. Leukoplakia.
21. Premalignant lesion
22. Causes of ketonuriaa
23. Name the types of necrosis with example
24. Causes of splenomegaly
25. Causes of raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate
26. Megaloblast
27. Four causes for Leukocytosis.
28. Enumerate tests for proteins in urine
29. Urinary casts
30. Granuloma
31. Clotting time.
32. Brown induration
33. Apoptosis
34. Causes of hematuria
35. Differences between dry and wet gangrene
36. Types of metaplasia with examples
37. Four causes for leukocytosis
38. Name hemiparasites
39. Glycosuria
40. List out casts found in urine
41. Packed cell volume
42. Definition of thrombus.
43. Classification of leprosy
44. Myeloblast
45. Ketone bodies in urine.
46. Sickle cell
47. Four causes for Iron deficiency anemia.
48. Enumerate tests for ketone bodies in urine
49. Giant cells
50. Thrombocytopenia
51. Cardinal signs of acute inflammation
52. Causes of ketonuria
53. Neubauer counting chamber
54. Cancrum oris
55. Nutmeg liver
56. Dystrophic calcification. Definition and one example
57. Christmas disease
58. Fate of a thrombus
59. Mention the routes of metastasis of a malignant tumor.
60. Keloid
61. Clinical signs of acute inflammation
62. Laboratory investigations in diabetes mellites- mention any two.
63. Scurvy
64. Wintrobe's tube
65. Premalignant conditions of the oral cavity mention any two.
66. Benzidine test
67. Manifestations of scurvy
68. Oral leukoplakia
69. List four causes of Fatty liver.
70. Components of Ghon's complex
71. Granulomatous diseases with examples
72. List the stains for amyloid. Mention the appearance in each.
73. Enumerate four causes of eosinophilia.
74. Ameloblastoma
75. Westergren's tube
76. Manifestations of Scurvy
77. Name two anticoagulants and their uses.
78. Uses of Neubauer's counting chamber
79. Granuloma
80. Name the special stains tor amyloid
81. Spherocyte
82. Christmas disease
83. Mention the special stains for amyloid.
84. List the manifestations of rickets in an infant.
85. Mention four causes of proteinuria.
86. Mention routes of spread of malignant tumors
87. Leukemoid reaction - define and mention the types.
88. Scurvy
89. Urinometer
90. Screening tests for bleeding disorders
91. Anticoagulants used in Hematology
92. Nutmeg liver
93. What are Free Radicals? Give two examples.
94. Packed Cell volume
95. Causes of Ketonuria
96. Granuloma-definition and two examples
97. Megaloblast
98. Sago spleen
99. Causes of aplastic anaemia
100. Cardinal signs of acute inflammation
101. Mention the types of necrosis.
102. Mention any four complications of blood transfusion.
103. Sago spleen
104. Mention anticoagulants used in the laboratory any four
105. Causes of proteinuria- any four
106. Mention the types of necrosis.
107. Mention any four complications of blood transfusion.
108. Sago spleen
109. Mention anticoagulants used in the laboratory any four
110. Causes of proteinuria- any four
111. List four Granulomatous diseases
112. Scurvy
113. Four complications of mismatched blood transfusion
114. Write the type of calcifications with examples.
115. Metaplasia
116. Complications of diabetes mellitus
117. Opportunistic infections in case of AIDS – any four
118. Types of emboli with examples
119. Name the test for ketone bodies and mention two causes of Ketonuria
120. Classification of Amyloidosis
121. Causes of thrombocytopenia
122. Routes of metastasis of malignant tumor
123. Lab investigations in case of diabetes mellitus
124. Apoptosis
125. Vitamin D deficiency