Transformations of Functions [29 marks]
1. [Maximum mark: 14]
(a) [3]
Markscheme
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics
senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the
new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared
to formal exam papers.
for example,
a reflection in the x-axis (in the line y = 0) A1
a horizontal translation (shift) 3 units to the left A1
a vertical translation (shift) down by 1 unit A1
Note: Award A1 for each correct transformation applied in a correct
position in the sequence. Do not accept use of the “move” for a translation.
Note: Award A1A1A1 for a correct alternative sequence of
transformations. For example,
a vertical translation (shift) down by 1 unit, followed by a horizontal
translation (shift) 3 units to the left and then a reflection in the line
y = −1.
[3 marks]
(b) [1]
Markscheme
range is f (x) ≤ −1 A1
Note: Correct alternative notations include ] − ∞, −1], (−∞, −1] or
y ≤ −1.
[1 mark]
(c) [5]
Markscheme
−1 − √ y + 3 = x M1
Note: Award M1 for interchanging x and y (can be done at a later stage).
√y + 3 = −x − 1(= −(x + 1)) A1
2
y + 3 = (x + 1) A1
2
so f −1(x) = (x + 1) − 3 (f
−1
(x) = x
2
+ 2x − 2) A1
domain is x ≤ −1 A1
Note: Correct alternative notations include ] − ∞, −1] or (−∞, −1].
[5 marks]
(d) [5]
Markscheme
the point of intersection lies on the line y = x
EITHER
2
(x + 1) − 3 = x M1
attempts to solve their quadratic equation M1
for example, (x + 2)(x − 1) = 0 or
2
−1±√ 1 −4(1)(−2) −1±3
x = (x = )
2 2
OR
−1 − √ x + 3 = x M1
2
2 2
(−1 − √ x + 3) = x ⇒ 2√ x + 3 + x + 4 = x
substitutes 2√x + 3 = −2(x + 1) to obtain
2
−2(x + 1) + x + 4 = x
attempts to solve their quadratic equation M1
for example, (x + 2)(x − 1) = 0 or
2
−1±√ 1 −4(1)(−2) −1±3
x = (x = )
2 2
THEN
x = −2, 1 A1
as x ≤ −1, the only solution is x = −2 R1
so the coordinates of the point of intersection are (−2, − 2) A1
Note: Award R0A1 if (−2, − 2) is stated without a valid reason given for
rejecting (1, 1).
[5 marks]
2. [Maximum mark: 5]
(a.i) [1]
Markscheme
f (2) = 6 A1
[1 mark]
(a.ii) [1]
Markscheme
(f ∘ f )(2) = −2 A1
[1 mark]
(b) [3]
Markscheme
M1A1A1
Note: Award M1 for an attempt to apply any vertical stretch or vertical
translation, A1 for a correct horizontal line segment between −4 and 0
(located roughly at y = 3),
A1 for a correct concave down parabola including max point at (2, 4) and
for correct end points at (0, 3) and (6, 0) (within circles). Points do not
need to be labelled.
[3 marks]
3. [Maximum mark: 10]
(a) [1]
Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
translation k units to the left (or equivalent) A1
[1 mark]
(b) [1]
Markscheme
range is (g (x) ∈)R A1
[1 mark]
(c) [6]
Markscheme
correct shape of y = f (x) A1
their f (x) translated k units to left (possibly shown by x = −k marked
on x-axis) A1
asymptote included and marked as x = −k A1
f (x) intersects x-axis at x = −1, x = 1 A1
g (x) intersects x-axis at x = −k − 1, x = −k + 1 A1
g (x) intersects y-axis at y = ln k A1
Note: Do not penalise candidates if their graphs “cross” as x → ±∞.
Note: Do not award FT marks from the candidate’s part (a) to part (c).
[6 marks]
(d) [2]
Markscheme
at P ln (x + k) = ln (−x)
attempt to solve x + k = −x (or equivalent) (M1)
(or y ) A1
k k k
x = − ⇒ y = ln ( ) = ln
2 2 2
P (− 2 , (or P (− 2 , ))
k k k k
ln ) ln
2 2
[2 marks]
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