VTAMPS 17

Primary 5 Set 1

Logical Thinking

1. According to the pattern shown below, what

is the number in the space provided?

2. Sandy now has a few candies. If the number

of candies plus 29, then divided by 13, and
then is multiplied by 25 and minuses 9. The
result will be 66. How many candies does
Sandy have?

3. Today is 18th of May, Wednesday. Which day

of the week is 2nd of December?
4. It takes Harold 12 minutes to finish an
exercise. He has to take an 8-minute break
after every exercise and then he continues to
finish another exercise. How many
minute(s) does he need to finish 4 exercises?

5. Given there are 6 different grades, at least

how many student(s) is/are there such that
at least 15 of them are in the same grade?

Arithmetic

3𝑆−𝑆
6. Using the method 𝑆 = , find the value of
2
4 + 12 + 36 + ⋯ + 324 + 972

7. Find the value of 7 + 15 + 23 + 31 + ⋯ +

119 + 127.

23 23 23 1 1 1
8. Find the value of ( 6 + 3
+
4
) ÷ ( + + ).
8 3 2
 6 6 6
9. Find the value of + + ⋯+ +
5×8 8×11 38×41
6
.
41×44

10. Find the value of (17 × 19 × 20 − 1292) ÷ 16.

Number Theory

11. There are X apples and Y oranges. The

product of integers X and Y is 1440. The
number of apples is 10 times of oranges.
How many apple(s) is/are there?

12. Define the operation symbol 𝑎∆𝑏 =

(𝑎+𝑏)(𝑏−3)
, find the value of 2∆(3∆5).
4𝑎+𝑏−15

13. Choose 3 digits, without repetition from 1, 3,

5, 6, 8 to form 3-digit numbers. How many
number(s) are divisible by 6?
14. The sum of 8 consecutive odd numbers is
864. Find the value of the second smallest:

15. Find the unit digit of 𝐴 = 20222022 × 7 ×

17 × … × 2017 × 2027.

Geometry

16. Refer to the following figure, the figure is

formed by connecting 2 identical pyramids
and cuboid. The base of the pyramid and the
cuboid are the same. The length, width and
height of the cuboid are 6, 6 and 9,
respectively. The height of the pyramid is 4.
Find the volume of the figure.
17. The area of rectangle is 976. If the sides of
the rectangle are integers, how many
different value(s) of the perimeter of this
rectangle is/are there?

18. The figure below is a polygon

ABCDEFGHIJKL. It is given that AB=12.
BC=CD=DE=FG=GH=IJ=5, EF=13, HI=3
and JK=4. Find the area of this polygon. (Not
drawn to scale.
19. How many rectangle(s) is/are there in the
figure below?

20. How many rectangle(s) with "*" is/are there

in the figure below?

Combinatorics

21. If Danica goes from point A to point B, each

step can only move up or move right. How
many way(s) is/are there?
22. If we construct two 4-digit numbers by using
8 digits 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 without repetition,
what is the smallest difference of these two
4-digit numbers?

23. If an 11-digit number ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅

20243420𝐴𝐵4 is
divisible by 32. Find the sum of all possible
values of (A)

24. In how many ways can the letters in the

word “PREMIUM” be arranged if the
arrangement begins and ends with M?
25. Numbers are drawn from 106 integers 16 to
121. At least how many number(s) do we
need to draw to ensure that there are two
numbers whose sum is 88?
 VTAMPS 17
Primary 5 Set 1

Logical Thinking

1. According to the pattern shown below, what

is the number in the space provided?

Answer: 15
𝑆𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠
=6
𝐼𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟
𝑋 = (6 × 10) − (3 + 19 + 13 + 11) = 15

2. Sandy now has a few candies. If the number

of candies plus 29, then divided by 13, and
then is multiplied by 25 and minuses 9. The
 result will be 66. How many candies does
Sandy have?
Answer: 10
Working backwards:
66 + 9 = 75
75
=3
25
3 × 13 = 39
39 − 29 = 10

3. Today is 18th of May, Wednesday. Which day

of the week is 2nd of December?
Answer: Friday
May (31-18), June (30), July (31), August
(31), September (30), October (31),
November (30), December (2)
𝐷𝑎𝑦𝑠 = 31 − 18 + 30 + 31 + 31 + 30 + 31
+ 2 = 198
198
= 28𝑟. 2
7
2 days after a Wednesday is Friday
4. It takes Harold 12 minutes to finish an
exercise. He has to take an 8-minute break
after every exercise and then he continues to
finish another exercise. How many
minute(s) does he need to finish 4 exercises?
Answer: 72
1𝑠𝑡 − 3𝑟𝑑 set of exercise: 3(12 + 8) = 60
At 4th set: 60 + 12 = 72

5. Given there are 6 different grades, at least

how many student(s) is/are there such that
at least 15 of them are in the same grade?
Answer: 85
Pigeonhole principle: 14 × 6 + 1 = 85

Arithmetic

3𝑆−𝑆
6. Using the method 𝑆 = , find the value of
2
4 + 12 + 36 + ⋯ + 324 + 972
Answer: 1456
𝑆 = 4 + 12 + 36 + ⋯ + 324 + 972
3𝑆 = 12 + 36 + 108 + ⋯ + 972 + 2916

3𝑆 − 𝑆 (12 + ⋯ + 972 + 2916) − (4 + 12 + ⋯ + 972)

𝑆= =
2 2
 2916 − 4
𝑆= = 1456
2

7. Find the value of 7 + 15 + 23 + 31 + ⋯ +

119 + 127.
Answer: 1072
127−7 127+7
Total Sum = ( + 1) ( )
8 2
= 16 × 67 = 1072

23 23 23 1 1 1
8. Find the value of ( 6 + 3
+
4
) ÷ ( + + ).
8 3 2
Answer: 18
GCF (6, 3, 4): 12
GCF (8, 3, 2): 24
2+4+3 9 3 × 23
23 ( ) = 23 =
12 12 4
3 + 8 + 12 23
( )=
24 24
So,
3 × 23 23 3 × 23 24
÷ = ×
4 24 4 23
=3×6
= 18
 6 6 6
9. Find the value of + + ⋯+ +
5×8 8×11 38×41
6
.
41×44
Answer: 39/110
1 1 1 1
6( + + ⋯+ + )
5 × 8 8 × 11 38 × 41 41 + 44

6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
( − + − + ⋯+ − + − )
3 5 8 8 11 38 41 41 44

1 1 44 − 5 39
2( − ) = 2 =
5 44 220 110

10. Find the value of (17 × 19 × 20 − 1292) ÷ 16.

Answer: 323
1292 = 4 × 17 × 19
(17 × 19 × 20 − 4 × 17 × 19)
=
16
17 × 19 × (20 − 4)
=
16
= 17 × 19
= 323
 Number Theory

11. There are X apples and Y oranges. The

product of integers X and Y is 1440. The
number of apples is 10 times of oranges.
How many apple(s) is/are there?
Answer: 120
𝑋𝑌 = 1440
𝑋 = 10𝑌
(10𝑌)𝑌 = 1440
𝑌 2 = 144
𝑌 = 12
𝑋 = 10𝑌 = 10(12) = 120
12. Define the operation symbol 𝑎∆𝑏 =
(𝑎+𝑏)(𝑏−3)
, find the value of 2∆(3∆5).
4𝑎+𝑏−15
Answer: 50
(3 + 5)(5 − 3) 8(2)
𝑎𝑡 3∆5 = = =8
4(3) + 5 − 15 17 − 15
(2 + 8)(8 − 3) 10(5)
𝑎𝑡 2∆8 = = = 50
4(2) + 8 − 15 16 − 15
13. Choose 3 digits, without repetition from 1, 3,
5, 6, 8 to form 3-digit numbers. How many
number(s) are divisible by 6?
Answer: 8
Divisibility rule of 3 and 2:
a. Last digit must be even
b. Total sum must be divisibly by 3:

Case 1: If last digit is 6, AB6, then A + B

must be either 3, 6, 9, 12
Possible combination A+B: (1+5), (5+1),
(1+8), (8+1), a total of 4

Case 2: If last digit is 8, AB8, then A+B must

be either 1, 4, 7, 10, 13
Possible combination A+B: (1+3), (3+1),
(1+6), (6+1), a total of 4

Total: 4 + 4 = 8
14. The sum of 8 consecutive odd numbers is
864. Find the value of the second smallest:
Answer: 103
864
= 108 (𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 4𝑡ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 5𝑡ℎ)
8
4𝑡ℎ = 107
3𝑟𝑑 = 105
2𝑛𝑑 = 103

15. Find the unit digit of 𝐴 = 20222022 × 7 ×

17 × … × 2017 × 2027.
Answer: 2
22022 , 𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟 2: 2, 4, 8, 6
2022
= 505 𝑟. 2
4
So, 22022 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 𝑖𝑠 4

𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟 7: 7, 9, 3, 1
2027 − 7
7 × 17 × … × 2017 × 2027: 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡𝑠 +1
10
= 203
203
203
7 = = 50 𝑟. 3
4
So, 7203 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑡 𝑖𝑠 3
 3 × 4 = 12
The unit digit is 2

Geometry

16. Refer to the following figure, the figure is

formed by connecting 2 identical pyramids
and cuboid. The base of the pyramid and the
cuboid are the same. The length, width and
height of the cuboid are 6, 6 and 9,
respectively. The height of the pyramid is 4.
Find the volume of the figure.

Answer: 420
For cuboid:
Volume = 𝐿 × 𝑊 × 𝐻 = 6 × 6 × 9 = 324

For 1 pyramid:
1
Volume = (𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑆𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑒)(𝐻𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡)
3
 1
= (6 × 6)(4) = 48
3
For 2 pyramids: 2 × 48 = 96
Total volume: 324 + 96 = 420

17. The area of rectangle is 976. If the sides of

the rectangle are integers, how many
different value(s) of the perimeter of this
rectangle is/are there?
Answer: 5
976 = 24 × 61
No. of factors: (4 + 1)(1 + 1) = 10
Since perimeter needs 2 factors: L and W,
divide 10 by 2.
10
=5
2

18. The figure below is a polygon

ABCDEFGHIJKL. It is given that AB=12.
BC=CD=DE=FG=GH=IJ=5, EF=13, HI=3
and JK=4. Find the area of this polygon. (Not
drawn to scale.
Answer: 280

5
4
3

Square 1: 5 × 5 = 25
 Square 2: (5 + 5) × (12 − 5) = 70
Square 3: (5 + 3 + 4) × (12 − 5 + 13 − 5 − 5)
= 12 × 10 = 120
Square 4: 5 × (3 + 5) = 40
Square 5: 5 × 5 = 25
Total: 25 + 70 + 120 + 40 + 25 = 280

19. How many rectangle(s) is/are there in the

figure below?

Answer: 138

Total: Red + Green – Red, Green

Red: (1 + 2 + 3)(1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6) =
126
 Green: (1 + 2)(1 + 2 + 3 + 4) = 30
Red, Green: (1 + 2)(1 + 2 + 3) = 18
Total: 126 + 30 − 18 = 138

20. How many rectangle(s) with "*" is/are there

in the figure below?

Answer: 20

Total: Red + Green – (Red, Green)

Red: 𝟐×𝟐×𝟑=𝟏𝟐
Green: 𝟐×𝟐×𝟑=𝟏𝟐
Red, Green: 𝟐×𝟐=𝟒
 Total: 𝟏𝟐+𝟏𝟐−𝟒=𝟐𝟎

Combinatorics

21. If Danica goes from point A to point B, each

step can only move up or move right. How
many way(s) is/are there?

Answer: 314
22. If we construct two 4-digit numbers by using
8 digits 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 without repetition,
what is the smallest difference of these two
4-digit numbers?
Answer: 6
Both 4-digit numbers must be very close to
each other
1st: 1263
2nd: 1257
Difference: 6
 Or 2163 - 2157 = 6

23. If an 11-digit number ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅

20243420𝐴𝐵4 is
divisible by 32. Find the sum of all possible
values of (A)
Answer: 45
Must be divisible by 4 and 8

Divisibility rule of 4:
Last 2 digit must be divisible by 4
𝐵4
, 𝐵 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 0, 2, 4, 6, 8
4

Divisibility rule of 8:
Last 3 digit must be divisible by 8
𝐴(0, 4, 8)4
𝐼𝑓 𝐵 = 0, , 𝐴 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 1, 3, 5, 7, 9
8
𝐴(2, 6)4
𝐼𝑓 𝐵 = 2, , 𝐴 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 0, 2, 4, 6, 8
8
Since all digits are possible for A, then proceeding
to check for B = 4, 6, 8 is no more needed.
Sum of all possible values of A:
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 = 45
24. In how many ways can the letters in the
word “PREMIUM” be arranged if the
arrangement begins and ends with M?
Answer: 120
1 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 × 1 = 120

25. Numbers are drawn from 106 integers 16 to

121. At least how many number(s) do we
need to draw to ensure that there are two
numbers whose sum is 88?
Answer: 79
16+72
17+71
18+70
……..
42+46
43+45
43−16
Total pairs: + 1 = 28
1
Worst Case: 106 − 28 + 1(𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒) = 79