Deflection of beams P 3 P L2 P L3 P L3

(a)EIy = − x + x− , ymax =
6 2 3 3EI
M 2 M L2 M L2
(b)EIy = x + M Lx + , ymax =
2 2 2EI
1. Beams are loaded and supported as shown in Figs. wL 3 w 4 wL2 2 wL4
1(a)–(h). Determine the equation of elastic curve us- (c)EIy = x − x − x , ymax =
6 24 4 8EI
ing double integration method. Also find the maxi- wL 3 w 4 wL2 2 M x2
mum deflection in each case. (d)EIy = x − x − x + ,
6 24 4 2
wL4 M L2
ymax = − +
8EI 2EI
w 5 wL3 wL4 wL4
y (e)EIy = − x + x− , ymax =
120L 24 30 30EI
P wL 3 w 4 wL3 5wL4
(f )EIy = x − x − x, ymax =
12 24 24 384EI
x 3
A PL 2 P L
L B (g)EIy = − x + P L2 x, ymax =
2 2EI
y (a) wLx3 wx5 7wL3 wL4
(h)EIy = − − x, ymax = 0.00643
36 120L 360 EI
M
x 2. A beam is loaded and supported as shown in Fig.
A B 2. Determine the maximum deflection between the
L
supports and the deflection at the right end of the
(b) beam.
y
w 
5wL4 wL4

,
384EI 48EI
x
B
A L
w
(c)
y
w
M
L L/2
x
A L B
Fig. 2
(d)
y 3. A 100×300 mm timber having a modulus of elasticity
w of 8 GPa is loaded and supported as shown in Fig. 3.
Determine the deflections at points B and C respec-
x tively. (10.3 mm, 21.8 mm)
A L B
(e)
300 mm

y 7 kN
w
A B C
A x B
L 2m 1.5 m
(f)
P y P Fig. 3

A x B 4. A timber beam 150 mm wide and 300 mm deep is

loaded and supported as shown in Fig. 4. The mod-
L 2L L
ulus of elasticity of the timber is 10 GPa. Determine
(g) the deflection of the right end. (9.25 mm)
y
w 5. A cantilever beam is loaded and supported as shown
in Fig. 5. Use Macaulay’s functions to determine the
A x B deflection at a distance x = L from the support and
at the right end of the beam.
L
(h) 2P L3 2P L3
 
− ,−
3EI EI
Fig. 1

Dr. Faisal Rahmani 1

 10 kN wL
w

5m 2m L/2 L L/2

Fig. 4 Fig. 8

y P P
9. A beam is loaded and supported as shown in Fig. 9.
PL Use Macaulay’s functions to determine the deflection
x
(a) At the left end of the distributed load.
L L (b) At a section midway between the supports.
(c) At the right end of the distributed load.
Fig. 5
11wL4 205wL4 11wL4
 
− ,− ,−
24EI 384EI 24EI
6. A beam is loaded and supported as shown in Fig. 6.
Use Macaulay’s functions to determine the deflection
(a) At a distance x = L fiom the left support. y
w
(b) At the middle of the span.
(c) At a distance x = 2L from the left support. x

5P L3 23P L3 5P L3
 L L L
− ,− ,−
6EI 24EI 6EI
Fig. 9

y P P
Buckling
x 1. A hollow, circular structural steel column 6 m long
has an outside diameter of 125 mm and an inside
L L L diameter of 100 mm. Determine the slenderness ratio
and the Euler buckling load.
Fig. 6
(149.9, 338 kN)
7. A beam is loaded and supported as shown in Fig. 7.
Use Macaulay’s functions to determine the deflection 2. A 5-m-long column with the cross section shown in
(a) At a distance x = L fiom the left support. Fig. 10 is constructed from four pieces of timber.
The timbers are nailed together so that they act as a
(b) At a distance x = 1.5L from the left support.
unit. Determine

91wL4 89wL4
 (a) The slenderness ratio.
− ,− (b) The Euler buckling load. Use E = 14 GPa for
120EI 120EI
the timber.
(c) The axial stress in the column when the Euler
2wL load is applied.
w
(96.1, 187.1 kN, 14.97 MPa)

L L/2 L 3. A 2.5-m-long column with the cross section shown

in Fig. 11 is constructed from two pieces of timber.
Fig. 7 The timbers are nailed together so that they act as a
unit. Determine the slenderness ratio and the Euler
8. A beam is loaded and supported as shown in Fig. 7. buckling load.
Use Macaulay’s functions to determine the deflection
(77.5, 321 kN)
(a) At the right end of the beam.
(b) At a section midway between the supports. 4. Determine the maximum load that a 50 mm × 75 mm
× 2.5 m long aluminum alloy (E = 73 GPa) bar can
9wL4 5wL4
 
support without buckling if it is used as a fixed-end,
− , pinned-end column.
128EI 128EI

Dr. Faisal Rahmani 2

 25

100
100
25
All dimensions are in mm

Fig. 10

50 50
50

150
All dimensions are in mm

Fig. 11

(183.9 kN)

5. A structural steel (E = 200 GPa) bar has a diameter

of 50 mm, is 5 m long, and supports an axial com-
pressive load P, as shown in Fig. 12. End A is fixed.
The support at end B permits free movement in the
x - and z -directions but no rotation about the z -axis.
Determine the maximum load P that can be applied
to prevent buckling.

(6.056 kN)

x P
A B
5m

Fig. 12

Dr. Faisal Rahmani 3