Memoir

NGCDF
National Government Constituencies Development Fund

Two Decades of Progress

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress |1

2| NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress
Memoir
NGCDF
National Government Constituencies Development Fund

Two Decades of Progress

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress |3

 Research and Production by History Works Limited

Published by National Constituencies Development Fund Board

Design by Mashariki Sanaa

Special thanks to:

Mr. Yusuf Mbuno, Mr. Raphael Nduati, Nation Media Library, East African Standard, Kenya
News Agency, Mr. Andiwoh Opondo, Ms. Zainab Husein, Ms. Brenda Onyino, Mr. Kariuki
Thige, Mr. Simon Ciuri, Ms. Jennifer Wanjiru, and the NGCDF Staff.

©NG-CDF

All rights reserved. This book or parts thereof may not be reproduced in any form, stored
in any retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means—electronic, mechanical,
photocopy, recording, or otherwise—without prior written permission of the publisher.

4| NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Contents
A word from the Chairman 8

A word from the CEO 10

Chapter One In the Beginning 12

Chapter Two Harambee Country 25

Chapter Three The CDF Debate 36

Chapter Four From Harambee to CDF Country 46

Chapter Five Structure of NGCDF 61

Chapter Six The Projects 74

Chapter Seven Projects in figures and graphics 88

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress |5

Having been in
Parliament for 15
years, before and after
the establishment of
NG-CDF, I know the
difference it makes is
monumental. I believe
there is a way NG-
CDF can be aligned
to the tenets of the
Constitution”
– President William Ruto, 29th
September, 2022.
 His Excellency
Dr. William Samoei Ruto,
C.G.H. President of the
Republic of Kenya and
Commander-in-Chief of
the Defence Forces.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress |7

 A word from the Chairman
F
ormer president Mwai Kibaki’s introduction of the Constituency Development Fund (CDF) in 2003
aimed to revitalize development at the constituency level and within local communities. Following
extensive discussions, the Kibaki government officially established the CDF on January 9, 2004,
as announced in a Kenya Gazette Notice. Now, after two decades, the National Government
Constituencies Development Fund (NG-CDF) and its predecessor, the CDF, have become widely recognized
as ground-breaking initiatives that have brought many benefits to the entire country.

The CDF differed from other funds because it allowed grassroots individuals to decide how to spend the money
and prioritize their projects. Constituents chose projects based on their own problems and circumstances.
This decentralized approach not only empowered communities to make spending decisions but, was a first.
The CDF, now known as NG-CDF, has made significant advancements in the last 20 years.

The CDF was created in response to the inconsistent progress of development initiatives. The government
had experimented with various development plans since 1963—but none was like the CDF, whose aim was to
enable communities to determine their desired projects, democratizing development through a bottom-up
approach. One of these experiments was the President Moi’s District Focus for Rural Development (DFRD),
whose aim was to decentralize development planning and resource allocation and project identification,
formulation, and implementation at the district level.

As his biographer, Andrew Morton, wrote, this was “a policy switch from tribal to political.” It was a shift from
the centralization of Jomo Kenyatta’s years and was Moi’s attempt to diffuse power from Nairobi and involve
the grassroots in decisions affecting their districts. The civic empowerment of the wananchi, building from
the bottom rather than imposing from the top, owed much to the beliefs which Moi had formed during his
days in the long-defunct KADU, according to Morton. According to Morton, the empowerment of the wananchi
and the emphasis on building from the bottom rather than imposing from the top owed much to the beliefs
which Moi had formed during his days in the long-defunct KADU. District Focus, although not majimboism
by another name, embodied Moi’s vision of giving authority to the regions and placed great emphasis and
responsibility on the districts in planning and implementing development.

In contrast to the NG-CDF, government ministries and departments implemented the DFRD via the DDCs in
all districts. But the DDCs faced a problem of insufficient funds and had to rely on government ministries for
resources to implement the proposed projects. While the DFRD reflected the central government’s intention
to transfer resources to the grassroots, the government bureaucrats held the powers to decide.

Honorable Muriuki Karue, a former opposition Member of Parliament of the Eighth Parliament, conceived
the CDF as an initiative to allocate resources at the Constituency level by devolving funds. He argued that the
government systematically neglected areas that voted for the Opposition after the first multi-party elections
in 1993 in terms of infrastructure, health, and education facilities. Consequently, the lawmakers enacted the
Constituency Development Fund Act, 2003, to tackle the inadequacies of previous development plans and
the politicization of development. As a start, legislators allocated a minimum of 2.5 per cent of the ordinary
government revenue each year towards the Fund. Unlike the other funds, it was members of Parliament who
were to implement the projects. The CDF’s core values were accountability, transparency, and equity.

This Memoir illustrates the NG-CDF journey and also chronicles the history of the fund in the context of
Kenya’s story of development. The idea is to keep the memory of a development programme that has positively
impacted various communities. By doing so, we intend to preserve, for posterity, this remarkable piece of the
history of Kenya – and to show the special place of NG-CDF in the country.

Olago Aluoch,
Chairman of The Board

8| NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

 The CDF was
created in
response to the
inconsistent
progress of
development
initiatives. The
government had
experimented
with various
development
plans since
1963—but none
was like the
CDF, which
has over the
years enabled
communities to
determine their
desired projects,
democratizing
development
through a
bottom-up
approach.
– Olago Aluoch
Chairman of The
Board

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress |9

 A word from the CEO
O
n behalf of the National Government Constituencies Development Fund (NG-CDF), I am delighted as
we reflect on our achievements for the last two decades. The NG-CDF has evolved to become part of
our development landscape. No corner of the country is without a signature NG-CDF project, such
as constructed of schools, police stations, or renovated dispensaries.

While we receive a minimum of 2.5% of the National Government’s revenue share, this amount has enabled
us to make a difference at the grassroots level and alleviate poverty. The selection process for NG-CDF
projects is done by wananchi, which gives them power to make decisions, and ensure sustainability.

The fund has indeed grown. In the 2023/2024 financial year, a total of Ksh 53.53 billion was initially allocated
to the Fund. Additionally, Ksh3.4 billion was specifically designated for Junior Secondary School (JSS) funding
nationwide, while Ksh1 billion was allocated for JSS funding in Nairobi County bringing the total allocation
to Ksh57.93 billion. This is significant progress for the Fund, whose objective is to supplement infrastructure
development at the constituency level in matters falling within the functions of the national Government. It
also facilitates the provision of sustainable development in all parts of the republic, as well as the progressive
realisation of the economic and social rights guaranteed under Article 43 of the constitution.

The Fund has impacted communities in many ways. For instance, we have made tremendous gains in
the education sector through the issuance of bursaries to needy students, thus increasing the transition,
enrollment, and retention rates from primary to secondary schools, as well as tertiary institutions. This
has complemented the Government’s initiatives of ensuring 100 percent enrollment and transition rates,
culminating in enhanced human capital development.

For instance, in the 2022/2023 financial year, approximately 1,295,158 students were awarded bursaries
totaling Ksh7,473,075,625. Among them, 2,623 students were granted full sponsorships. We have also made
provision for additional learning space through the construction and renovation of classrooms. Over the
last five years, the Fund has facilitated the construction of 24,020 new classrooms, creating an estimated
additional capacity for 1,080,900 students. These are not simple gains.

We have also been involved in climate change mitigation through environmental conservation efforts. Over
the years, funds have been allocated to the restoration of tree cover, sanitation and waste disposal, water
conservation, soil conservation, solar energy, and fencing.

As we continue with this success story, we are all delighted that NG-CDF is on sound footing and will, in the
next decade, grow beyond our imaginations. Our future plans include robust projects, sustainability, and
continued impact of the NG-CDF.

Good Bless Kenya!

Yusuf Mbuno,
Chief Executive Officer

10 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

 While we
receive a
minimum
of 2.5% of
the National
Government’s
revenue share,
this amount
has enabled
us to make a
difference at the
grassroots level
and alleviate
poverty. The
selection
process for
NG-CDF projects
is done by
wananchi,
which gives
them power to
make decisions,
and ensure
sustainability.
– Yusuf Mbuno,
Chief Executive
Officer

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 11

 Chapter One

In the
Beginning…

Memoir
NGCDF
National Government Constituencies Development Fund

Two Decades of Progress

12 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter One | In the Beginning…

T
he road to establishing the NG-CDF has been commitment to development initiatives, as well
lengthy. From the start, since colonial times, as to leverage additional resources from colonial
Kenya faced the dilemma of how to carry out sources. Further it emphasized the importance of
rural development, and especially in the areas promoting economic development, social welfare,
occupied by local communities. During the 70 years of and public works projects in the colonies. The enactment
British colonization in Kenya, some areas experienced of the Colonial
deliberate marginalization and skewed development. The 1929 Colonial Development Act had a Development
More so, independent Kenya has experimented with significant impact on the development trajectory Act occurred
various outcomes. It is this developmental gap that of Britain’s colonial territories. It facilitated amidst economic
NG-CDF is closing slowly by letting wananchi have a investments in infrastructure and human capital, recession and
say on the projects they want. laying the groundwork for economic growth and mounting requests
social progress in many colonies. However, its for development
From the beginning, neither the then Legislative implementation was subject to constraints such support in Britain’s
Council, nor the Colonial Office could fully answer as limited funding, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and colonial territories.
the question of the British colonial purpose in political considerations. It followed earlier
Kenya: Was it simply a source of raw materials to legislation such
feed the great British economic machine? Did it While the Act represented a significant commitment as the Colonial
serve as a symbol of national identity and pride? by the British government to promote development Development and
Was it an avenue for unsettled Britons to pursue in its colonial possessions, it was also skewed in Welfare Act of
their wildest and darkest desires, or as a support for that it prioritised projects in White Highlands in 1923, which laid
British military defence, or perhaps some genuinely Kenya. the groundwork
believed that gaining territory was the sole means for colonial
for British civilization to sustain its image? It was later replaced with the Colonial Development development
and Welfare Acts (CWDA) in 1940, 1945, 1951 and initiatives.
The development of the Kenya colony sought to 1959. The intention was to allocate millions of
answer these questions - and the foundations laid pounds for economic and social advancements,
would have deep ramifications after independence with the goal of benefiting both the subjects and
in 1963. From the start, the colony experimented Britain’s financial situation.
with various Funds and Plans. All these had an
impact on the future of Kenya. The CDWA shaped the British development policy in
Kenya and the Empire. While it intended to allocate
The Colonial Development Fund funds for agricultural development, healthcare, and
education, the British government implemented the
In 1929, Britain enacted the Colonial Development Act CDWA with racial bias.
to tackle development issues in its colonies, offering
financial aid for infrastructure and other projects. The CDWA faced several challenges and limitations
that affected its effectiveness in promoting
The enactment of the Colonial Development Act development and welfare, not only in Kenya,
occurred amidst economic recession and mounting but in Britain’s colonial territories. First, the
requests for development support in Britain’s resources allocated to the Colonial Development
colonial territories. It followed earlier legislation Fund often did not meet the vast development
such as the Colonial Development and Welfare Act needs. Again, funding provided under the CDWA
of 1923, which laid the groundwork for colonial was not commensurate with the scale of poverty,
development initiatives. The Act permitted the British infrastructure deficits, and social challenges.
Treasury to provide funds for development projects
in the colonies. The funds were meant to back The CDWA received criticism for placing British
infrastructure projects like roads, railways, ports, interests above those of colonial populations. The
and irrigation systems, as well as other development Act occasionally prioritized British industries,
priorities identified by colonial administrations. trade routes, and strategic interests when funding
development projects, rather than addressing the
The Act provided for matching grants from colonial most pressing needs of local communities. More
governments, requiring them to contribute a so, the CDWA relied on colonial administrations
portion of the funding for approved projects. This to implement development and welfare programs
mechanism aimed to ensure local ownership and in the colonies. However, the colonial government

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 13

 A nurse treating a child did not possess the capacity, expertise, or The CDWA operated in a colonial framework
at Getrude Children’s necessary accountability mechanisms to effectively characterized by unequal power relations,
hospital in Nairobi Feb manage and oversee these initiatives. Corruption, exploitation, and structural inequalities. That would
1966. mismanagement, and bureaucratic inefficiencies shape the development of Kenya for years and lay a
were common in carrying out these projects. strong foundation of skewed development which the
current NG-CDF has been trying to bridge.
Political considerations influenced development
projects funded under the CDWA, or the allocation Post World War II Planning
of funds was based on political patronage rather
than objective criteria or genuine development The period following World War Two led to a more
needs. Settlers, especially in Kenya, would put organized approach to state-centered planning,
pressure on the government to initiate projects which resulted in greater British obligations
within their areas. In addition, the CDWA did not towards the colonies. The peak of this approach
always prioritize meaningful participation and happened in approximately 1951 when London
consultation with local communities in the planning, increased colonial development and welfare
implementation, and monitoring of development funding, resulting in improved living standards for
projects. As a result, projects were poorly aligned numerous colonized populations. However, the
with local needs and priorities, leading to limited Conservative government’s comeback prompted
impact and sustainability. More so the interventions a shift towards export-oriented infrastructure
funded under the CDWA often did not sufficiently projects due to pressure from industrialists and
account for the social, cultural, and environmental settlers overseas. The decrease in funding resulted
context of the country. Sometimes, implementers in social services being the first to suffer, as Britain
carried out projects without adequately considering declined to cover the costs of internal developments
local customs, traditions, and community dynamics, in the colonies, aiming to make them independent.
which resulted in resistance or unintended As a result, colonial development received attention
consequences. and funding in a parabolic manner, rather than a
linear one.

14 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter One | In the Beginning…

Skewed Development imposition of restrictive labor laws. The exploitation

of African labor contributed to the accumulation of
European settlers in Kenya used cheap land grants wealth by European settlers and the colonial state.
and cash crop monopolies to gain economic control,
with a settler-run Legislative Council in charge. The administration implemented policies of racial Colonial authorities
Despite the circumstances, the fundamental segregation, such as the creation of separate invested heavily
economic model of indirect rule persisted, with residential areas, schools, and public facilities in infrastructure
the landless peasantry and squatters on European for Europeans and Africans. This segregation development, such
plantations bearing the brunt of the burden because reinforced social and economic inequalities, with as roads, railways,
of settlers’ resistance to income tax until 1937. It was Europeans enjoying better access to education, and ports, primarily
the settlers who determined where the government healthcare, employment, and housing opportunities to facilitate the
would concentrate its infrastructure and this led to than Africans. extraction and
Kenya’s skewed development. export of natural
Colonial land policies limited African land access resources and
The uneven distribution of resources, infrastructure, and ownership. Indigenous communities faced agricultural
and opportunities favored certain regions, and further marginalization and increased landlessness products.
economic interests over others. This phenomenon and poverty due to land allocation to European
was largely a result of colonial policies and practices settlers and large-scale commercial farming.
that prioritized the economic and strategic interests
of the colonial power, Britain, often at the expense Indigenous Africans were systematically excluded
of local populations. from political participation and decision-making
under colonial rule. The colonial administration was
One of the defining features of colonial Kenya was dominated by European officials, and indigenous
the establishment of settler farms, particularly Africans had limited representation or voice in
in the fertile highlands. Large tracts of land were colonial governance structures. This political
appropriated from indigenous communities and marginalization perpetuated inequalities and
allocated to European settlers for agriculture, leading hindered efforts to address the skewed development
to the dispossession of indigenous peoples from their in colonial Kenya.
ancestral lands and the concentration of wealth and
resources in the hands of a small settler elite. The dramatic change in the distribution of
development funding was aided by the extension of the
Colonial authorities invested heavily in infrastructure CDWA in 1955. The renewal served to provide greater
development, such as roads, railways, and ports, clarity on Britain’s ongoing commitment to colonial
primarily to facilitate the extraction and export development as the initial ten-year plans submitted
of natural resources and agricultural products. by the colonies came to their conclusion in 1956.
However, these infrastructure projects were often
concentrated in areas inhabited by European settlers The era between 1945 and roughly 1959 represents
or areas with economic potential, neglecting other the apex of centralized state involvement in colonial
regions and communities. economies and societies. In contrast, the shift back
to strings-attached loan funding harkened back to
The colonial economy in Kenya was largely based the pre 1940 era of self-sufficiency which absolved
on the extraction of natural resources, such as the British state of its responsibilities towards the
minerals, timber, and agricultural produce, for Empire. Generations of failure and wasted money
export to Britain and other colonial markets. had taken a heavy toll on the nation’s willingness
Resources were exploited primarily for the benefit to support colonial states, and the multitude of
of colonial administrators, European settlers, and tensions that pulled development funding in every
multinational corporations, with little regard for the direction hastened the end of Parliament’s tenuous
environmental or social consequences. commitment to colonial lives.

The colonial labor system relied heavily on the Development Plans at Dawn of Independence
forced labor of indigenous Africans, particularly
in agriculture, mining, and public works projects. Kenya’s first Ten Year Development Plan covered the
Labor was often coerced through various means, period from 1946 to 1955 and was aimed at guiding
including taxation, forced recruitment, and the the country’s socio-economic development following

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 15

 Chapter One | In the Beginning…

HEALTH SERVICES AT World War II. The plan was developed with the Robert Swynnerton, the director of the East African
THE ORTHOPAEDIC primary goal of promoting economic growth, social Agriculture and Forestry Research Organization
UNIT OF KING GEORGE progress, and infrastructure development in Kenya. (EAAFRO), who played a key role in its formulation.
HOSPITAL (KNH) JULY The plan aimed to address the challenges facing
1972 While the plan prioritized infrastructure African smallholder agriculture and promote
development, including the construction of roads, agricultural development in Kenya.
railways, ports, and other transportation networks,
it was concentrated in the fertile highlands. The Plan emerged in response to the deteriorating
Areas outside the White Highlands were left out – conditions of African smallholder agriculture in
especially the African reserves and the Northern colonial Kenya. Rapid population growth, land
Frontier districts. fragmentation, soil degradation, and limited
access to markets and inputs were among the key
It was in this plan that agriculture prioritised challenges facing African farmers at the time.
and became the central focus of the Ten Year
Development Plan. It was regarded as the backbone Unlike previous agricultural policies that primarily
of Kenya’s economy at the time. The plan aimed benefited European settlers and large-scale
to increase agricultural productivity, promote commercial farms, the Swynnerton Plan specifically
commercial farming, and diversify crop production. targeted African smallholder farmers. It recognized
Efforts were made to introduce modern farming the importance of smallholder agriculture for
techniques, improve irrigation systems, and expand food security, rural livelihoods, and economic
agricultural extension services. development in Kenya.

Swynnerton Plan One of the key components of the Swynnerton Plan

was land consolidation, which aimed to address
The Swynnerton Plan was a significant agricultural the problem of land fragmentation among African
development strategy implemented in colonial farmers. The plan encouraged voluntary land
Kenya during the 1950s. It was named after Sir consolidation schemes, whereby farmers could

16 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter One | In the Beginning…

exchange scattered plots for larger, more productive supported the development of rural infrastructure,
holdings. such as roads, markets, and storage facilities.
Efforts were made to improve market access
The Swynnerton Plan emphasized the importance and reduce transportation costs for agricultural
of agricultural extension services in providing produce. The plan
technical assistance, training, and advisory support promoted access
to African farmers. Extension officers were deployed The Swynnerton Plan promoted the creation of to agricultural
to rural areas to disseminate knowledge and best cooperative societies and group farming projects inputs, such as
practices in crop production, soil conservation, for smallholder farmers. Cooperatives provided a seeds, fertilizers,
livestock management, and marketing. platform for collective action, resource pooling, and and equipment,
market coordination, enabling farmers to access to improve
The plan promoted access to agricultural inputs, inputs, credit, and markets more effectively. productivity and
such as seeds, fertilizers, and equipment, to farm yields. It
improve productivity and farm yields. It encouraged The Swynnerton Plan achieved some success in encouraged the
the establishment of input supply networks, increasing agricultural productivity, improving rural establishment
cooperative societies, and credit facilities to livelihoods, and promoting economic development of input supply
facilitate smallholder access to inputs and credit. in Kenya. However, it also faced challenges, networks,
including resistance from European settlers, cooperative
Recognizing the importance of access to markets funding constraints, bureaucratic inefficiencies, societies, and
for smallholder farmers, the Swynnerton Plan and limited participation from African farmers. credit facilities
to facilitate
smallholder access
to inputs and credit.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 17

 Chapter One | In the Beginning…

Overall, it represented a significant effort to From the start, the missionaries advocated for
address the challenges facing African smallholder the importance of education at both the local and
agriculture and promote rural development in national levels. They highlighted the benefits of
colonial Kenya. While its impact varied across education for individual empowerment, community
The plan different regions and communities, the plan laid development, and national progress. Their advocacy
promoted access the groundwork for subsequent agricultural efforts helped to raise awareness about the need for
to agricultural development initiatives and contributed to the increased investment in education and influenced
inputs, such as transformation of Kenya’s agricultural sector in government policies and priorities.
seeds, fertilizers, the post-colonial era. This is what the Kenyatta
and equipment, government would inherit in 1963. The Mission schools provided educational
to improve opportunities for marginalized groups, including
productivity and Impact of missionaries on Development girls and children from disadvantaged backgrounds.
farm yields. It By offering scholarships, bursaries, and boarding
encouraged the Missionaries played a significant role in the facilities, they enabled students from diverse
establishment development of education in Kenya, particularly backgrounds to access quality education and
of input supply during the colonial period and in the early years of pursue academic advancement.
networks, independence. Their contributions helped shape the
cooperative modern education system and laid the foundation African Independent Schools
societies, and for educational advancements in the country.
credit facilities This is one example of development projects by the
to facilitate Missionaries were instrumental in establishing local communities. African independent schools
smallholder access some of the earliest formal schools in Kenya. Mission were educational institutions established and run
to inputs and credit. schools provided education to local communities, by African communities, leaders, and organizations
often focusing on basic literacy, numeracy, and outside the control of colonial authorities. One of
religious instruction. These schools played a crucial the most famous was Githunguri Teachers College
role in expanding access to education, particularly in Kiambu. These schools emerged in response to
in rural areas where government provision was the limited access to formal education provided
limited. by the colonial government and missionaries and
aimed to address the educational needs of African
They also placed a strong emphasis on literacy children while promoting African culture, identity,
and education as part of their mission work. and self-determination.
They developed written forms of local languages,
translated religious texts and educational African independent schools emphasized the
materials, and taught reading and writing skills to promotion of African identity, culture, and values
local populations. This focus on literacy helped to in their curriculum and teaching methods.
empower individuals, promote communication, and They sought to counteract the Eurocentric and
facilitate socio-economic development. assimilationist educational agenda of colonial
authorities and missionaries by highlighting African
The Mission schools often integrated Christian history, languages, traditions, and achievements.
values and teachings into their curriculum.
Alongside academic subjects, students received Many African independent schools were influenced
religious instruction and participated in religious by nationalist ideologies and agendas, seeking
activities such as prayers, hymn singing, and church to instill a sense of pride, solidarity, and political
services. This emphasis on moral and spiritual consciousness among students. They played a role
development had a lasting impact on the values and in fostering nationalist sentiments, promoting anti-
beliefs of many Kenyan students. colonial resistance, and advocating for African self-
determination and independence.
The missionaries were also involved in training local
teachers to staff their schools. They established The curriculum in African independent schools
teacher training colleges and provided pedagogical often reflected African perspectives and priorities,
instruction, curriculum development, and mentoring incorporating subjects such as African history,
to aspiring educators. These efforts contributed to geography, languages, and indigenous knowledge
the professionalization of the teaching profession systems. This approach aimed to empower students
and the expansion of educational capacity in Kenya. with a deeper understanding of their cultural

18 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter One | In the Beginning…

heritage and a critical awareness of colonial and social justice. Many prominent nationalist
oppression and exploitation. leaders and intellectuals received their early
education in African independent schools, shaping
The schools were deeply rooted in the communities their future contributions to Kenya’s history.
and relied on community support for their
establishment, funding, and operation. Parents, Healthcare in Colonial Kenya
elders, community leaders, and local organizations
played active roles in the governance, management, Healthcare in colonial Kenya was characterized
and support of these schools, fostering a sense of by disparities in access, quality, and delivery
ownership and accountability. of services between different racial and socio-
economic groups. The colonial healthcare system
In addition to academic subjects, African primarily served the interests of European settlers
independent schools often provided practical and colonial administrators, often neglecting the
skills training relevant to the needs of their healthcare needs of indigenous African populations.
communities. This included vocational education in
agriculture, carpentry, tailoring, and other trades, The colonial administration maintained a segregated
equipping students with skills for self-reliance, healthcare system, with separate facilities for
entrepreneurship, and community development. Europeans, Asians, and Africans. European settlers
and colonial officials had access to well-equipped
The African independent schools represented a hospitals, clinics, and medical services that met
form of resistance to colonial education policies Western standards, while indigenous Africans were
and practices that marginalized African languages, often relegated to underfunded and understaffed
cultures, and knowledge systems. They provided healthcare facilities with limited resources.
an alternative educational model that empowered Healthcare in
African communities to reclaim control over their European settlers in colonial Kenya had access to colonial Kenya
own educational destinies and challenge colonial modern healthcare facilities staffed by European was characterized
hegemony. doctors, nurses, and medical professionals. by disparities in
These facilities were equipped with medical access, quality, and
They also played a role in nurturing leadership equipment, pharmaceuticals, and diagnostic tools delivery of services
skills and capabilities among African youth, imported from Europe. European healthcare was between different
preparing them to assume leadership roles in their comprehensive, including preventive care, curative racial and socio-
communities and in the struggle for independence treatments, maternity services, and specialist care. economic groups.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 19

 Chapter One | In the Beginning…

NURSES TREATING A Healthcare facilities for indigenous Africans authorities. Despite the harsh working conditions
CHILD AT GERTRUDES in colonial Kenya were rudimentary and often and high rates of occupational injuries and diseases
HOSPITAL FEB 1967 inadequate. Mission hospitals and dispensaries among African laborers, access to medical care and
provided some medical services to African compensation for workplace injuries were limited.
communities, but they were often overcrowded,
under-resourced, and unable to meet the healthcare Indigenous Africans were largely excluded from
needs of the population. Indigenous healers and decision-making and participation in the colonial
traditional medicine remained important sources of healthcare system. Colonial policies and practices
healthcare for many Africans. marginalized African healthcare professionals,
traditional healers, and community health workers,
The colonial administration implemented public undermining their roles as providers of healthcare
health initiatives aimed at controlling infectious and guardians of indigenous medical knowledge.
diseases, improving sanitation, and promoting
hygiene in colonial Kenya. These initiatives included The disparities in access to healthcare and
vaccination campaigns, mosquito control programs, healthcare outcomes created during the colonial
water and sewage projects, and health education period have had lasting effects on Kenya’s healthcare
campaigns. However, public health interventions system and health disparities in the post-colonial
often prioritized European areas and neglected era. Till now, the legacy of colonialism continues
African communities. to shape patterns of healthcare access, utilization,
and health outcomes in Kenya, contributing to
The healthcare needs of African laborers, persistent health inequalities between different
particularly those working in mines, plantations, and racial and socio-economic groups.
urban areas, were often overlooked by the colonial

20 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Sessional Number 10 of 1965 forward by confirming the long-term objectives
and establishing a development strategy for
The paper established the principle of state making significant progress toward them over
direction of development process while at the the course of the next five years. The strategy
same time arguing for decentralized planning was geared to emerging trends in the world
based on local input. The paper outlined that and national economies.
the Kenyan Government should at achieving
objectives on Political equity, social justice and v. National Development Plan (1989-1993):
human dignity. Subsequently, the Government of This Plan, was a critical turning point in the
Kenya implemented various development plans approach to the management of the national
outlining frameworks for mainstreaming programs economy. It is the first among three through
necessary to reduce poverty in Kenya including: which the long-term development objectives
and strategies for the structural adjustment
i. National Development Plan (1966-1970): process contained in Sessional Paper No.1 of A NURSE CHECKING
The key strategy of this Plan was to direct 1986 on Economic Management for Renewed NEW BORN BABIES AT
an increasing share of the total resources Growth was implemented. The most important PUMWANI MATERNITY
available to the nation towards the rural areas. target was the growth rate in per capita income HOSPITAL IN NAIROBI
The Government believed that it was only which was set at 1.6 per cent per annum. JAN 1966
through accelerated development of the rural
areas that balanced economic development
was to be achieved, that the necessary growth
of employment opportunities was to be
generated and that the people as a whole were
to participate in the development process.

ii. National Development Plan (1970-1974):

The key objective of this plan is to direct
an increasing share of the total resources
available to the nation towards rural areas. The
Government believed that it was only through
an accelerated development of the rural areas
that balanced economic opportunities can
be generated and that people as a whole can
participate in the development process.

iii. National Development Plan (1979-1983):

Under this plan, improvements of the
wellbeing of the people remained the
Government’s dominant aim. The Plan focused
on sharper attention on measures to deal with
the alleviation of poverty through emphasis
on continued growth, raising household
incomes by creating more income earning
opportunities, increasing the output and quality
of services provided by Government, and
improving income distribution throughout the
nation.

iv. National Development Plan (1984-1988):

The plan served a dual purpose. On the one
hand, it summarized the achievements of the
last twenty years and the difficulties that were
encountered and for the most overcome, on
the way. On the other hand, it lighted the way

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 21

 Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP 2002-2004)

In the period between 2000 and 2001, Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) – interim and the full
PRSP - were prepared as part of the Bretton woods institutional initiatives. These papers were, however, not
implemented as blueprints or fully followed-up when the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank
decided that they would not pursue them as part of conditionality rather they would emphasize the so-called
Article Four discussions.

HEALTH MINISTER
NJOROGE MUNGAI
VISIT TO PRINCESS
ELIZABETH HOSPITAL
IN NAIROBI JUNE
1963

22 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter One | In the Beginning…

That in view of the

fact that it is our
government’s policy
to develop every
corner of the Republic
and noting that the
Development Plan
1970/74 does not
indicate specifically
how the development
funds voted by
Parliament every
year, will be utilized
equitably throughout
all parts of Kenya,
this House urges
the Government to
allocate funds on a
Constituency basis in
order to ensure that
the public funds are
distributed evenly
throughout the
country.”

The 1974 Constituency

Development Fund motion
I
n 1974, Isiolo North MP moved a long-forgotten “I have enough grounds why I brought this motion
motion that called for the allocation of funds on in this House…members who come from the rural
a constituency basis. Mohamed Abdul Kadir’s areas, [bring] very genuine questions to this House,
motion called for the allocation of development sometimes concerning certain projects they want to
funds on constituency basis. be started by Government in their areas but nothing
is done,” he said.
In Parliament, Kadir proposed allocation of funds
on a constituency basis in order to ensure an even On education, he lamented that there are certain
distribution throughout the country. This, he said, areas which do not have a single secondary school
aligned with the government’s policy to develop since the colonial times.
every corner of the Republic.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 23

 Chapter One | In the Beginning…

He argued that even a modest allocation to

constituencies is more helpful than receiving no
support from the five-year development plan, and
that there was a stark contrast between areas
where development is thriving in all aspects and
areas where not a single penny is allocated.

“For example, if you just went today to some

areas, you would find that not a building, or a
hospital has been built since the attainment of
our independence…Therefore, it is high time, now
because we have been waiting for long, we received
our share of development. We thought if we just kept
quiet we would have got something little assigned.”

Kadir further told the House that some areas did

not receive funds for the construction of “even one
building like a hospital or a school” in the 1970/74
Development Plan. He said: “If there are any rights,
they should be given to the entire country instead of
developing some places and leaving out other places.”

“We are perturbed all the time, because whenever

we go to our constituencies, our people say, “Here
we are - what have you been doing? There is no
school, there is no hospital, there is no road, and so
on” The answer is that we should tell Government
“I was born in Isiolo …it is pointless saying we are to set aside for every constituency a fund so that
developing while there is no development in certain this could be used to develop the constituency,”
areas. In certain areas, you find water being used suggested Kadir.
for artificial purposes like you find jets of water
coming out of water fountains, while other areas On roads, the MP said that the road from Isiolo to
have water problems.” North Eastern Province was impassable all the year
round and that in many other areas, there was no
The MP said: “Unless we allocate funds on a road development taking place.
constituency basis, we are not helping talking
about current development…we should all be able “If you go to some areas, you see that water is fetched
I was born in to know how much money has been allocated for from one place and taken 200 miles away, and yet in
Isiolo …it is each district. This will prevent many problems that some other areas people fetch water on their heads
pointless saying face us because whenever any need arises, you only and carry it as far as 30 miles or 40 miles. We should
we are developing need to contact whoever handles that fund, rather now correct this kind of mistake, and in fact, even
while there is no than bringing a vague question or motion in this the minister should support this motion because
development in house requesting the government to do this or the unless we know these funds are allocated to us on a
certain areas. In other.” constituency basis or district basis, we cannot hope
certain areas, you to catch up with the rest of the country.”
find water being Mr Kadir said that in colonial times, the colonialists
used for artificial wanted a place which suited them and as a result “ [Some] members may think this is going to be very
purposes like you they developed some areas more than others. He dangerous, perhaps because some areas are going
find jets of water then posed the question: “What about the areas to develop more than others …when I call for the
coming out of water like the North –Eastern province which did not suit distribution of funds on a constituency basis they
fountains, while them… unless or until the Government puts all its should not think that this is going to cause a lot of
other areas have effort to these areas, it will take another 100 years difficulties because every member wants to develop
water problems.” to develop them all.” his own constituency.”

24 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter One | In the Beginning…

“I would also tell members that by so doing, we will

have some little rest from many questions from our
constituents because when we know that such and
such funds have been assigned to us or to a certain
constituency everybody will know that this has been Therefore,
done and therefore when somebody finishes his funds whenever we ask
he will not be able to claim somebody else’s fund.” for these things, it
does not mean that
This motion was seconded by James Mbori, the there is any fitina
MP for Kapsipul Kabondo. By then, Kenya had 158 behind asking.
constituencies. In his contribution, Mbori pleaded We are speaking
with the ministers to look at the motion carefully. “I the voice of the
would plead with them to take care of this motion people and air
because of its national importance; it is so significant their demands… I
in the country’s development, that this would cater for think there would
welfare of the whole country. I also believe it would kill He argued that since millions of Kenyans live in rural be nothing wrong
this bad germ—tribalism, because when we tend to areas, the distribution of funds on an equal basis and if this motion was
point out that a particular area is the only one being at constituency level would make a lot of difference. passed.”
served well, one is likely, perhaps to point out that – James Mbori, MP for
such and such a tribe is being served better. However, Another contributor to the debate was Charles Kapsipul Kabondo
if this type of motion is passed, and Government Murgor who also supported the motion. He said
implements it, it will kill the bad germ-tribalism.” who said that the aim of the motion is not to put
the areas that had been developed at a standstill.
Mbori discussed the problem of concentrated “The areas which have developed wherever they
distribution of facilities in Kenya, such as industries. have reached should continue to develop, and areas
He said that Nairobi keeps on having all the industries. which have not been developed should be developed
from where they should have been developed.”
“Therefore, whenever we ask for these things, it
does not mean that there is any fitina behind asking. “I am not going to say that we base our development
We are speaking the voice of the people and air their or we distribute the funds available in this country
demands… I think there would be nothing wrong if in accordance to what they pay in taxes, If we do
this motion was passed.” this you will find d that in the more developed areas
more taxes are paid by the people in these areas
“Let us take an example of the roads. There are people than taxes paid by the people in the areas
areas in Kenya where opening up of new roads is which are less developed. However, what we would
no more a problem because all they need to do is like to see is that the money for development - much
to macadamize the existing roads. That is all they more of it—should be spent in the areas which are
need. Yet ,comparatively there are places in Kenya backward. We should give a lion’s share of money to
where a footpath is not known. I do not think we are the areas which are not yet developed.”
going to ask the British explores of the 19th century
to come back and open up these foot paths for us. The government, through the Ministry of Finance
We are an independent nation and I do not see the and Economic Planning, proposed an amendment
reason why we do not look at the whole of Kenya and called for the strengthening of the District
and distribute roads evenly.” Development Committees. The government’s
motion was to read:-
Mbori said that there are places where people
do not know the usefulness of some ministries “This House urges the Government to strengthen
because they had no impact on the ground. “Take the district planning machinery and widen its
the Ministry of Housing as an example, the Ministry representation in the district Development
has never had any representation at district level. committees to include Members of Parliament.”
If you ask people whether they know that there is
a ministry of Housing they will say, “yes, but where However, after much debate, this was defeated and
are its branches?” Kadir’s motion was passed on July 30, 1971.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 25

 Chapter One | In the Beginning…

What others said…..

J. Kanite Lenayiarra (Samburu West) Martin Shikuku (Butere)

This motion is important because we know that Naturally, some of us who believe in practicability
there are some parts of our country which were would have the feeling to the effect that the time has
neglected during the colonial times, and I am sure come when we must think whether centralization is
that all of us here know that one of the promises really delivering the goods, the problem which we
which was made during the time by our present have in this connexion is that at the headquarters in
Government –the Kanu Government—was the parts Nairobi, there is so much work that the people here
of the country which were formerly neglected by have no time to implement even what this House
the colonial Government would be given priority has voted for; and the result is that some of the
after winning our independence. We see very little money –even some money meant for development—
of this help after independence and it is important is returned to the treasury because the people
that after having waited for eight years ,because concerned were not able to implement what we
it is now eight years after our independence ,we had already voted for…Is it not time we had this
have seen no special attention being given to these executive power decentralized to the extent of giving
areas and therefore, it is only right that a motion people who are at the provincial level money so
like this one should be adopted by this House and that they could get the development moving at that
be implemented by the government so that we are stage rather than waiting after sitting in the district
all treated equally. Development Committee and then sending the
findings to the provincial Development committee
which in turn sends the same to Nairobi?

26 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter One | In the Beginning…

Chapter Two

Harambee
Country

Memoir
NGCDF
National Government Constituencies Development Fund

Two Decades of Progress

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 27

 Chapter Two | Harambee Country

U
pon becoming Prime
Minister in June 1963,
Jomo Kenyatta vowed
to address poverty.
Ignorance, and disease. For 70
years before independance, the
Colonial government disregarded
the African Reserves and developed
the “White Highlands”. This justified
the discriminatory development
by claiming that settler societies
and plantation agriculture were
essential to Kenya’s economy.

The construction of the Kenya-

Uganda railway from 1896, and its
various branches later, connected
these “high potential” areas of the
Colony for easier extraction and
transportation of raw materials to
the Metropole. As a result, some
well-developed enclaves emerged
while industries were in urban areas
of Nairobi, Mombasa, Nakuru,
Kisumu, Eldoret, and Thika.

Because of its heavy reliance on

a few primary commodities, such
as coffee, tea, and pyrethrum,
the colony lacked sufficient
diversification in its economy—and Jomo Kenyatta: The Promise
left out the locals out of cash crop
economy. As a result, colonialism On June 1, 1963, Jomo Kenyatta, at his swearing in ceremony as Prime
contributed to the country’s Minister, coined the slogan “Harambee” saying:
inequality and poverty and laid
an early underdevelopment of As we participate in pomp and circumstance, and as we make merry
various areas. At Independence, the at this time, remember this: we are relaxing before the toil that is
Kenyatta state had to address these to come. We must work harder to fight our enemies; ignorance,
series of inequities while ensuring sickness, and poverty. I therefore give the call: Harambee! Let us all
that the economy still relied on work hard together for our country.
agriculture.
On December 13, 1963, while opening the first Parliament, Jomo Kenyatta
said:

Our motto of “Harambee” was conceived in the

realization of the challenge of nation building that now
lies ahead of us. It was conceived in the knowledge that
to meet this challenge, government and the people of
Kenya must pull together. We know [that] only out of our
efforts and toil can we build a new and better Kenya.
This then, is our resolution.

28 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Two | Harambee Country

Rise of Harambee Nation

One of the most heartening features of today is the still growing enthusiasm from self-help
schemes. Construction of more than a hundred Harambee schools is but a single example,
alongside water schemes, road development, and hospitals. But a problem for the Government
is co-ordination of individual projects with the overall Development Plan. To meet this,
seminars are now being held in every province, seeking to direct the enthusiasm of the people After
into schemes which will best speed up development in every district or location. Community independence,
development staff are now hard at work in twenty-six districts of the Republic, and further Kenya adopted
officers will be engaged. Under the national plan for community development, we propose also “Harambee”—
to set up multi-purpose training centres in every district.” which means
—Jomo Kenyatta, Opening of Parliament, November 2, 1965. “Pulling together”
as the driving motto
of the nation. It
was to rally the
Towards a Harambee Nation Kenyatta had already experimented with the concept community to join
of Harambee - the spirit of self help - in the 1940s hands for rural
After independence, Kenya adopted “Harambee”— when he created the “independent schools” together development
which means “Pulling together” as the driving with Mbiyu Koinange. The community offered land projects based on
motto of the nation. It was to rally the community donations, while the villagers contributed either group consensus
to join hands for rural development projects based labour, supplies, or money. Among the significant and initiative.
on group consensus and initiative. Kenyatta had institutions, the Githunguri Teachers College stood
realized that except for urban areas and those rural out, with Kenyatta serving as its principal.
areas inhabited by white settlers, the rest of Kenya
was underdeveloped. These self-help projects, and many others across
the country, laid the basis of the future group
In his first year in power, Kenyatta realized he consensus in Kenya. Among the Pokomo, some
required at least £56 million to revamp the health, independent schools emerged before independence
education, and many other sectors of the economy, to help poor children through secondary and post-
but only £2.5 million was available locally through secondary education. The Pokomo had established
taxation. The rest was to come from outside sources an Education Fund with branches in Mombasa, and
for the management of the economy to be apt. The Lamu. These efforts illustrated the determination of
new government, therefore, had to come up with Kenyans to rally together to educate their children
strategies to raise more capital to supplement local and raise funds to send some of them to foreign
capital to meet development needs. institutions.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 29

 Chapter Two | Harambee Country

participating in various Harambee initiatives aimed

at addressing social, economic, and development
challenges. These initiatives ranged from
fundraising events for public projects to community
service activities aimed at improving the welfare of
local communities.

Harambee was instrumental in mobilizing

resources, both financial and labor, for community
development projects. These projects include
the construction of schools, hospitals, roads,
water supply systems, and other infrastructure.
Harambee initiatives helped address critical needs
in communities and improve living standards.

It also played a significant role in fostering social

cohesion and unity among Kenyan communities. By
bringing people together from diverse backgrounds
to work towards common goals, Harambee
promoted solidarity, cooperation, and a sense of
shared identity among Kenyans.

It was in the education sector that Harambee had

Kenyatta was sent overseas through “Harambee” deepest impact. It supported education initiatives
initiatives to advocate for land and freedom. During by raising funds for the construction of Harambee
his time in London, he got a university education. schools, provision of educational materials,
Mbiyu Koinange and Gikonyo Kiano, among and sponsorship of students. Many schools and
other influential Kenyans, attained remarkable educational programs in Kenya benefited from
educational accomplishments through such efforts. Harambee contributions, expanding access to
education and improving learning outcomes.
Thus, by the time Kenyatta adopted Harambee as
the national motto, many Kenyans were aware of Harambee also contributed to healthcare
self-help spirit and had built their infrastructure by development by supporting the construction and
joining hands. The cash collection meetings enabled equipping of medical facilities, funding health
the communities to build schools, hospitals, programs, and providing medical supplies. These
cattle dips, community halls, and markets. Soon, efforts helped improve access to healthcare
Harambee became a national culture, and the services, particularly in rural and underserved
legislators, Mbiyu Koinange and Gikonyo Kiano areas.
It was in the became the drivers of the Harambee spirit.
education sector In terms of economic empowerment, the Harambee
that Harambee had Harambee Opportunities and Challenges spirit supported income-generating activities,
deepest impact. entrepreneurship, and job creation. Through
It supported President Kenyatta emphasized the importance Harambee contributions, small businesses,
education of Harambee as a means of fostering unity, self- cooperatives, and community-based organizations
initiatives by reliance, and development. The concept was have been able to access capital and resources to
raising funds for integrated into government policies and programs, grow and thrive.
the construction with the government actively promoting and
of Harambee organizing Harambee activities at both the national Harambee has played a crucial role in offering relief
schools, provision and local levels. and aid during natural disasters, emergencies, and
of educational crises. By means of Harambee, Kenyans joined
materials, and For years, Harambee turned into a prominent forces to provide food, shelter, medical aid, and
sponsorship of feature of Kenyan society, with government other types of support to affected communities,
students. officials, community leaders, and ordinary citizens displaying solidarity and compassion.

30 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Two | Harambee Country

Harambee has been utilized for political mobilization, or used inefficiently, leading to allegations of
uniting citizens in support of causes and candidates. corruption and mismanagement.
Political leaders and parties have organized
Harambee events to garner support, build networks, There was another argument that the reliance
and mobilize resources for their campaigns. on Harambee for financing public projects could
foster a culture of dependency among citizens,
While Harambee had a multifaceted impact on where communities become dependent on external
Kenya, contributing to development, social cohesion, assistance rather than developing self-reliance and
education, healthcare, economic empowerment, sustainable development strategies. Additionally, the
disaster relief, political mobilization, and cultural top-down nature of some Harambee initiativescould
identity, its critics raised some concerns. disempower local communities by centralizing
decision-making power in the hands of elites.
They argued that Harambee initiatives excluded
marginalized groups or individuals who may not have Critics contended that Harambee initiatives may
the resources or social connections to participate not always result in the equitable distribution of
fully. This perpetuatedf existing inequalities and resources or the effective allocation of funds to
reinforced socio-economic disparities within society. address priority needs. Without proper planning, Harambee has been
coordination, and oversight, Harambee projects utilized for political
There were accusations that Harambee activities may fail to achieve their intended objectives or mobilization,
were often politicized, with government officials benefit those most in need. uniting citizens in
and politicians using them as opportunities to gain support of causes
popularity, consolidate power, or distribute favors Despite these criticisms, proponents of Harambee and candidates.
to their supporters. This politicization, critics said, argue that it remains an important cultural and social Political leaders
undermined the original spirit of Harambee as a phenomenon in Kenya, promoting community solidarity, and parties
non-partisan, community-driven initiative. civic engagement, and collective action for development. have organized
They suggest that addressing the challenges associated Harambee events
They also pointed out some Harambee activities with Harambee requires improving transparency, to garner support,
lacked transparency and accountability, particularly accountability, and inclusivity in the planning and build networks,
regarding the management and utilization of funds implementation of initiatives, as well as ensuring that and mobilize
raised. There were instances where funds collected they complement broader development strategies resources for their
through Harambee efforts were misappropriated aimed at reducing poverty and inequality. campaigns.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 31

 Chapter Two | Harambee Country

officials and citizens alike. They attended

fundraising events, mobilized support for public
projects, and emphasized the importance of self-
help and collective effort in nation-building.
Kenyatta believed
that Harambee While Harambee faced some challenges, it’s
could serve as important to acknowledge its positive contributions
a unifying force to Kenyan society. It promoted a sense of community
for the diverse solidarity, encouraged civic engagement, and
communities facilitated the implementation of numerous
of Kenya and development projects across the country. However,
contribute to the addressing the shortcomings of Harambee would
country’s socio- require addressing issues such as corruption,
economic progress. political manipulation, and ensuring equitable
distribution of resources to truly fulfill its potential
as a vehicle for national development.

Sessional Paper No 10 of 1965

During the early years of independence, The

Sessional Paper No 10 of 1965 outlined the official
development policy based on ‘African socialism’.
This was done primarily to appease the influential
The concept remains deeply ingrained in Kenyan radicals. Despite its socialist appearance, the policy
culture and continues to symbolize the spirit of ultimately focused on capitalist development and
unity and collective action for the common good. the Kenyanization of the economy from the Colonial
influence.
Jomo Kenyatta, the first President of Kenya,
played a significant role in promoting the concept Sessional Paper No. 10 of 1965 was a significant
of Harambee as a central theme in the nation’s document in Kenya’s development history. It
development efforts. Kenyatta believed that was titled “African Socialism and its Application
Harambee could serve as a unifying force for the to Planning in Kenya.” This paper outlined the
diverse communities of Kenya and contribute to the government’s vision for development in Kenya,
country’s socio-economic progress. emphasizing the principles of African socialism
as the guiding ideology for national planning and
During his presidency, which lasted from Kenya’s economic policies.
independence in 1963 until his death in 1978, Kenyatta
actively encouraged and supported Harambee Authored by Tom Mboya, then Minister of Economic
initiatives at both the national and local levels. He saw Planning and Development, Sessional Paper No. 10
Harambee as a way to foster a sense of national identity “African Socialism and its Application to Planning
and pride, while also addressing the developmental in Kenya” reflected the aspirations of Kenya’s post-
challenges facing the young nation. independence leaders to chart a development path
that was grounded in African values and tailored to
Kenyatta and his Vice President, Daniel Moi the country’s socio-economic context. The paper
integrated Harambee into government policies articulated the following key principles:
and programs, promoting community participation
and cooperation in various development projects. The paper advocated for the adoption of African
This included initiatives such as building schools, socialism as the guiding philosophy for Kenya’s
hospitals, roads, and other infrastructure, as well as development. African socialism, as envisioned by
promoting agriculture, education, and healthcare. Kenyan leaders, emphasized collective ownership of
resources, social justice, and fair distribution of wealth.
They both participated in numerous Harambee It aimed to promote economic development while
activities, setting an example for government ensuring that all citizens shared the benefits of growth.

32 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Two | Harambee Country

The paper also emphasized the importance of

centralized planning and coordination of development
efforts. It called for the establishment of planning
mechanisms to guide economic policies, allocate
resources, and prioritize development projects based
on national priorities. It also underscored the need for
collaboration between the government, private sector,
and civil society in driving development initiatives.
Acknowledging the role of private enterprise in
economic growth, it emphasized the need for
partnerships that would combine the strengths of
both the public and private sectors.

Sessional Paper No. 10 further highlighted the

importance of investing in education and human
capital development as essential drivers of
economic progress. It emphasized the need to
expand access to education, improve vocational
training, and enhance skills development to meet
the demands of a rapidly developing economy.

Finally, itstressed thesignificanceof rural development

as a cornerstone of Kenya’s development strategy. It
called for investments in agriculture, infrastructure, Before 1963, the colonial government had regulated
and social services in rural areas to improve living the expansion of African merchant capital.
standards, reduce poverty, and promote balanced The colonial government crafted the business
regional development. regulation to prevent excessive competition among
Harambee means
indigenous traders. The colonial government had
pulling together. It
It is today acknowledged that Sessional Paper also regulated the expansion of African merchant
is a force that has
No. 10 of 1965 laid the foundation for Kenya’s capital.
moved this country
development planning and economic policies in the
forward. It is the
post-independence era. While some aspects of its With few Africans engaged in business, Kenyatta
cement that has
vision were implemented, others evolved over time had to enforce Kenyanization of the retail sector
built the nation.
in response to changing economic realities and by ring-fencing the registration exercise. Only
Let us continue to
political dynamics. Some of the principles articulated indigenous Africans could operate retail trade.
pull together as a
in the paper continue to shape Kenya’s approach to
people. We shall
development planning and policy-making. Another problem that faced Kenyatta was that
move mountains.”
the independent constitution had set up regional
Daniel arap Moi, 1985
Development Challenges governments while he supported a unitary state
under a central government. Kenyatta asserted full
Kenyatta took power at a period of political administrative control of the country through the
uncertainty for both industry and agriculture, which civil service rather than the political officials. He
were dominated by white settlers. These investors later abandoned the division of services espoused in
were nervous that the Kenyatta government might the Majimbo constitution and ministries undertook
not protect their investments and their markets. activities within the regions. In order to keep tabs
on the administration of the provinces, he put the
Some three years after Kenya gained independence, provincial administration under the Office of the
the breakup of the dollar exchange system, followed President, which enabled him to be in control of the
by a global monetary disorder, plunged the country development and have a tight hold on the district
into an economic crisis. In 1973, the oil crisis too affairs.
affected the country and wiped out the gains made
by the Coffee boom. All these were challenges that For Kenyatta, the developmental challenge was to
faced Kenyatta in laying the foundation for a new continue with and augment the colonial institutions
nation and rural development. rather than scrap them and start afresh.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 33

 Chapter Two | Harambee Country

Origins of District Focus on Rural Development

In January 1982, President Moi appointed a

Working Party on Government Expenditure
chaired by Philip Ndegwa. The other members
were Aaron Kandie, Simeon Nyachae, Harry
Mule, and Francis Masakhalia. Sympathy for
decentralization was common among all these
men. As a result, the working party recommended
decentralizing authority and functions to the
districts. Along with Nyachae’s years of service
as a PC, there was also a recommendation to
move tasks and employees from the provincial
to the district level. The report from the working
party closely mirrored Mule’s long-held vision for Focus strategy” for decentralization on September
the districts, which he remained committed to 21, 1982, as part of his general response to the
despite slow advancement. Moi had been a part unsettled conditions in the country after the
of the decentralist wing of African nationalism in coup attempt. District Focus became officially
Kenya and had favored the devolution of authority operational on July 1, 1983, but of course took
to regions found in the country’s first (“Majimbo”) much longer than that to implement fully. District
constitution. The working party report not only Focus was not at all the devolution of authority to
proposed decentralization but did so as part of elected local governments that Moi had favored
a strategy to save money for a government that before the defeat of “Majimbo” by Kenyatta.
had diminished resources. President Moi called Instead, it was a culmination of the fledgling
it one of the best reports he ever read. With staff efforts at deconcentration that Mule had nurtured
support from Nyachae he promulgated a “District through the hostile 1970s.

President Moi and District Focus for Rural As Moi remarked on March 6. 1985:
Development
The strategy, which makes the district the
Four years into his rule, President Moi initiated the centers of development, implementation
1982 District Focus for Rural Development. and management of rural development has
several positive dimensions. First, the people
While announcing the initiative on October 22, 1982, will be directly involved in the identification,
President Moi said: design, implementation and management
of projects and programmes. Secondly,
We will henceforth be looking upon each the decision making structure will centre
district as the basic operational unit… around districts themselves [and] thirdly the
each district team will become the major allocation of resources will be shared more
force and instrument for the design of rural equally, by being directed to the areas of most
development. This will create for the people need.”
and their chosen representative a whole new
world of opportunity.” This will make development to be more consistent
with the needs and aspirations of wananchi.
DFRD was a significant initiative aimed at
decentralizing development efforts and empowering The District Focus System was part of a broader
local communities. This approach, often referred decentralization agenda aimed at devolving power
to as the “District Focus System,” sought to shift and resources to the district level and to overhaul
decision-making authority and resource allocation Kenyatta’s clientelist structure. By delegating
from the central government to the district level in authority to district-level administrators, such as
order to address the specific needs and priorities of District Commissioners and District Development
rural communities more effectively. Committees (DDCs), the government sought

34 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Two | Harambee Country

to promote local ownership, participation, and development projects. This resulted in inefficiencies,
accountability in the development process. delays, and suboptimal outcomes in the execution of
initiatives under the District Focus System.
DFRD emphasized the active participation of
local communities in identifying development Again, the implementation of the District Focus Under the System,
priorities, planning projects, and implementing System varied across districts, with some areas districts were
interventions. Community meetings, consultations, experiencing greater success and progress encouraged to
and participatory approaches were used to solicit than others. Disparities in capacity, leadership, adopt integrated
input from residents and ensure that development infrastructure, and resources among districts development
initiatives aligned with local needs and aspirations. contributed to uneven development outcomes and planning
inequitable distribution of benefits. approaches
Under the System, districts were encouraged to that addressed
adopt integrated development planning approaches There was also political interference and multiple sectors
that addressed multiple sectors and dimensions manipulation, which sometimes undermined the and dimensions
of development, including agriculture, education, principles of local participation, transparency, and of development,
healthcare, infrastructure, and social services. This accountability in the District Focus System. Political including
holistic approach aimed to promote sustainable leaders at the district level occasionally prioritized agriculture,
development and address the root causes of poverty projects based on political considerations rather education,
and inequality in rural areas. It also involved the than genuine community needs, leading to healthcare,
allocation of resources directly to districts based misallocation of resources and inefficiencies. infrastructure, and
on their identified development priorities and plans. social services.
District Development Plans (DDPs) were prepared to Another criticism is that weak Coordination and
guide resource allocation and investment decisions, collaboration among government agencies, non-
with funding provided through the District Focus for governmental organizations (NGOs), development
Rural Development Fund and other government partners, and other stakeholders. Thus,
sources. fragmentation, duplication of efforts, and lack of
synergy among actors impeded the effectiveness
There were also efforts to strengthen the capacity and impact of development interventions.
of district-level institutions, government officials,
and community leaders to effectively manage Like other initiatives, it faced insufficient funding,
and implement development programs. Training, budgetary constraints, and competing priorities,
technical assistance, and capacity-building which limited the implementation of development
initiatives were provided to enhance skills in projects under the District Focus System.
planning, budgeting, project management, and Inadequate financial resources constrained the
monitoring and evaluation. scale and scope of interventions, hindering efforts
to address entrenched poverty, inequality, and
It also emphasized the importance of monitoring underdevelopment in rural areas.
and evaluation to track progress, measure impact,
and ensure accountability in the implementation While it was supposed to give voice to the rural areas.
of development projects. Monitoring mechanisms The DFRD had limited community participation
were established to assess the effectiveness and empowerment. Some communities faced
of interventions, identify challenges, and make challenges in mobilizing meaningful participation,
adjustments as needed to achieve desired outcomes. particularly marginalized groups such as women,
youth, and minority ethnic groups, leading to gaps
While it represented a significant shift in in representation and decision-making.
Kenya’s approach to development planning and
implementation, placing greater emphasis on local In 1989, two scholars Joel Barkan and Michael
participation, decentralized decision-making, and Chege posed this question on the future of DFRD:
integrated development strategies, it also faced Will District Focus endure beyond Moi? Their
criticism. answer was “probably yes”. They argued that “even
if Moi’s successor seeks to recentralise the Kenyan
The most notable is that many district-level state, the district will remain the locus of rural
institutions lacked the capacity, expertise, and development. The Work of District Development
resources to effectively plan, implement, and monitor Committees, the District Executive Committees and

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 35

 Chapter Two | Harambee Country

It has over the years worked closely with communities

in Kenya to address their most pressing needs and
challenges. This involves supporting community-
led development initiatives, strengthening local
institutions and capacities, and promoting
sustainable livelihoods and resilience. As a start, it
has engaged communities in participatory processes
to identify priorities, plan interventions, and monitor
progress. Other initiatives include maternal and
child health services, immunizations, nutrition
interventions, HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment,
and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) projects.

Another international organisation involved in

development is Save the Children, dedicated to
promoting children’s rights, providing healthcare,
education, protection, and emergency response
services. In Kenya, Save the Children works on
issues such as child survival, education, child
protection, and child rights advocacy.

It also has programs that focus on increasing

access to essential healthcare services, promoting
maternal and child nutrition, preventing
malnutrition, and reducing child mortality. Save the
Children also works to strengthen health systems,
train healthcare workers, and raise awareness
about key health issues.

Finally, it supports education and early childhood

the District Planning Units will continue, although development programs to ensure that targeted
the extent of their discretionary authority may vary.” children have access to quality education and early
learning opportunities. These programs include
International NGOs and Development in Kenya school construction and renovation, provision of
To bridge the educational materials and supplies, teacher training,
development gap To bridge the development gap in Kenya numerous support for early childhood development centers, and
in Kenya numerous international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) initiatives to improve literacy and numeracy skills.
international non- have been involved in development activities, spanning
governmental various sectors such as healthcare, education, Save the Children also implements livelihoods and
organizations (NGOs) agriculture, economic empowerment, environmental economic empowerment programs to improve the
have been involved conservation, and humanitarian assistance. socio-economic status of families and communities
in development in Kenya. These programs focus on supporting
activities, spanning For instance, World Vision has focused on child income-generating activities, vocational training,
various sectors well-being, community development, and disaster microfinance, and entrepreneurship initiatives.
such as healthcare, relief. In Kenya, World Vision has implemented It also works to enhance food security, promote
education, various programs in areas such as education, sustainable agriculture practices, and build
agriculture, economic health, nutrition, water and sanitation, economic resilience to economic shocks and climate change.
empowerment, empowerment, and child protection. International
environmental NGO has placed a strong emphasis on promoting The same can be said about CARE International
conservation, the well-being of children. This includes efforts to which implements programs in areas such as
and humanitarian improve access to education, healthcare, nutrition, women’s empowerment, maternal and child health,
assistance. clean water, and sanitation. education, food security, and livelihoods.

36 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Two | Harambee Country

Another example is the work carried out by AMREF

to strengthen health systems in Kenya by improving
infrastructure, human resources, and service
delivery. This includes initiatives to train healthcare
workers, upgrade health facilities, procure medical Other international
equipment and supplies, and support health agencies involved
management and information systems. in bridging
development
Further, AMREF implements maternal and child gaps include Plan
health programs aimed at reducing maternal and International, a
child mortality and improving reproductive health child-centered
outcomes. This includes initiatives to increase organization
access to antenatal care, skilled birth attendance, working to advance
postnatal care, family planning services, and children’s rights
immunizations. AMREF also works to prevent and equality for
mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS and girls. The other is
address other maternal and child health issues. ActionAid, which
focuses on land
AMREF implements WASH programs in Kenya rights, governance,
to improve access to clean water, sanitation and economic
facilities, and hygiene promotion activities. This justice.
includes initiatives to construct water points,
latrines, and handwashing stations, promote safe
An elder, Abdirahman Teso, points to the piece of land he hygiene practices, and build community capacity
has set aside to do a bit of farming. He is glad he finally for sustainable water and sanitation management.
has tapped water that will allow him to work on a kitchen It also conducts community health promotion and
garden. (Oxfam Kenya)
education activities to raise awareness about health
issues, promote healthy behaviors, and empower
Oxfam Story from Wajir communities to take control of their health. This
includes initiatives to train community health
Women and children would walk long workers, conduct health education sessions, and
distances to fetch water. They would go mobilize communities for health campaigns and
in search of water with little babies on interventions.
their backs and come back at the end
of the day empty-handed. It was a hard Other international agencies involved in bridging
season.” development gaps include Plan International, a
child-centered organization working to advance
Oxfam through its partnership with Wajir children’s rights and equality for girls. The other is
South Development Association (WASDA) ActionAid, which focuses on land rights, governance,
and Arid Lands Development Focus (ALDEF), and economic justice.
under the ASAL Humanitarian Network (AHN),
with the generous funding from the Swedish These are just a few examples of the many
International Development Cooperation international NGOs operating in Kenya. Each
Agency (SIDA) built a metallic water tank and organization has its own areas of focus, strategies,
worked on piping water from the borehole and and approaches to development, but they all share
bringing it closer to the community. a commitment to improving the well-being of
Kenyan communities and addressing the country’s
This significantly reduced the distance development challenges.
travelled by women and children as they fetch
water in their homes. 1,400 households were The NG-CDF compliments all this endeavours by
able to access safe water as a result of the being a people-driven activity sponsored by the
rehabilitation works. “We now have access to government.
clean water. The water at the tank is purified
and is safe for use.”

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 37

 Chapter Three

The CDF
Debate

Memoir
NGCDF
National Government Constituencies Development Fund

Two Decades of Progress

38 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Three | The CDF Debate

O
n October 23, 2002, Ol Kalou MP Muriuki our country Kenya with other countries which
Karue sought leave of the House to introduce started the same at the time of Independence,
the Constituencies Development Bill. On especially in the southeast Asian countries,
the Speakers Chair was Gitobu Imanyara. a country like Myanmar which previously was
called Burma had the same per capita income
“Sir,” says Eng Karue, “I beg to move the with Kenya in 1970 at US$300. Today, it’s proud
following Motion:- to have over US$3,000 per capita income. If you
look at a country like Thailand, we had the same
That, this House do grant leave to introduce per capita income at independence but they’re
a bill for an Act of Parliament entitled ‘The now proud to have an income per capita of over
Constituencies Development Fund Bill’ to US$4,000wwhichh is over5 ten times that one
provide the implementation of the resolution of ours. Other countries like Singapore which
of the House passed on 29th November again in 1965 to 1970 had the same per capita
,2000, recommending that 2.5 percent of with Kenya, it now has a higher income per
the Government Revenue be allocated to capita than even some European countries. It
constituency-based development projects.” has a per capita of over US$21000.
Ol Kalou MP Muriuki Karue
Silence had engulfed the House and only Sir, we have over the years tried various ways of
Mbooni MP, Joseph Munyao had wondered why attempting to develop our country, sometimes
the Minister for Finance was not in attendance, we come up with something called the District
He was informed that the Deputy Leader of Development Committee (DDC), sometimes we
Government Business was in the House. This create an “animal “called Export Processing Zone
is how Eng Karue argued his case: (EPZ), sometimes we come up with something
called Export Compensation Scheme. Of course,
“Mr. Temporary Deputy Speaker, Sir our country, some of the enemies of development do take
Kenya, has been described as a developing some of these well-meaning schemes. I am not
country since independence. The question in so sure whether they are genuine because they
my mind which I am asking all members of milk the country dry. Sometimes we have also
Parliament on both sides of the house are: come up with suggestions from here and there:
Until when is our country going to be described that we should borrow from the World Bank,
as a developing country? Is there be going to other donors and so on, If you look at borrowing
come a time when we shall stop being called which we have undertaken pretending that
a developing country and actually become a we are developing, up and until 2001, the total
developed country? Our country is proud of amount of money borrowed from outside is close
hollow issues like having large airports here and US$8billion which works out to nearly Sh600
there, very many universities and graduates and billion. All this money somewhere along the way
very many large ports. All that is okay since I have has to be repaid by Kenyans who have nothing at
no quarrel with having very many universities all to show for this very heavy borrowing.
or very large ports and all that. However,
development is about people and much as I am Mr. Temporary Deputy Speaker, Sir a matter
not a professional economist, nonetheless, I of fact as an amateur economist, when I was
keep very keen interest in economics. checking I found out that if we borrowed Sh600
billion, over the years it would come to nearly
One of the factors that we know is used in Sh3 billion per constituency. In fact, none of the
measuring how a country is doing is something constituencies here can show anything near
we call per capita income in our country. Am very this kind of level of borrowing and one wonders
well informed regarding the per capita income where all this funding has been going. It has
around the world. We are informed that the per been fashionable for the current Government,
capita income in our country is hovering around which is on its way out, to blame foreigners.
US$300 per year, however; the disaster is that The outgoing government says that because
when you look back, 20 to 30 years ago, you see foreigners are not giving us money that is why
we had the same per capita income. As a matter our cereal and milk sectors have collapsed.
of fact, it has been going down in the last couple Whether the Government, the donor, or whoever
of years, so that is even worse. When I compare is going to come here and give us money.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 39

 Chapter Three | The CDF Debate

Nobody is going to give us US$1000 each so that which has been raised so far for the health
we stop being poor. It is ourselves who are going centers is only about Sh2 million or Sh3 million
to work harder as Kenyans. We should work over all that period. If this motion was passed,
with the resources which we have and be able the Sh24 million is more than enough to develop
to develop our country. all the eight health centers in my constituency
and next year we could focus on something else
Sir, I would also like to take this opportunity to like education. I would also like to say that the
also correct an illusion which has been created eighth Parliament, in its own wisdom, passed a
by the current Government that you can develop law which formed the Kenya Roads Board (KRB)
this country through Harambee. There is no and within KRB we have three District Roads
country which has been developed through Committee provision (DRC). I am proud to say
Harambees. I think the Harambee spirit was that I was one of the principally instrumental in
introduced in this country by the late Mzee passing this provision. The money which comes
Jomo Kenyatta with very good intentions. I think from the DRC is only Sh5 million or Sh6million,
it has done its job. We have done things which but if you look at the effect of that Sh5 million
we could not have done otherwise without the or Sh6 million throughout the country, I think it
Harambee, However; I think the Harambee is perhaps the best gift which has come out of
concept has been misused and now the people the eighth Parliament to the Kenyans. In some
have got the wrong impression that you can areas where there have never seen a grader or
have leaders like members of Parliament culvert for the first time they were able to see it
have a primary responsibility to spearhead the because of a small provision of only Sh5 million.
development of their individual constituencies if it was Sh24 million which we are proposing,
and it’s only fair that they be supported in that I think it would do wonders in this country.
enormous job. In the year 2001 I brought a Question to this
House asking the Government why it was not
Sir, these Harambee concept is not a solution and implementing the motion, although it had been
in fact the only time that Harambee do appear passed with over-whelming majority with minor
like they can be a solution to the many problems amendments. The then Minister for Finance
in the rural areas, is when you have some few said that they could not implement it because
leaders, who I do not know where they get huge the motion was asking him to disburse money
amounts of money, donate in Harambees. When to the constituency while the Government works
you have a Harambee, wherever it is taking in sectors like education, agriculture, and so
place, and Sh500,000 is collected - but you on. I would like to inform the Acting Leader of
find the local community because of its poverty Government Business, whom I understand is
can only afford to contribute only Sh10,000 or standing in for the Minister for Finance, that
Sh20,000, and the rest is brought by two or I have no intention of telling them to give a
three heavy weights then that is not called a cheque of Sh24 million to a hon Member. I want
Harambee. That is called a donation and I can the government to do its job. In fact, my proposal
assure you that there is nobody who is going to is that the things like education agriculture and
donate Sh400,000 or Sh1million from his hard so on. I would like to inform the acting leader
sweat That can only be stolen money and I don’t of Government Business, whom I understand
see it any other way. By pretending that that is is standing in for the Minister for Finance, that
the way we are going to develop our country, I have no intentions of telling them to give us
then we are deceiving ourselves. a cheque of Sh24million to a hon. Member. I
want the government to do its job. In fact, my
Mr. Temporary Deputy Speaker ,Sir, for example, proposal is that the Sh24 million should be given
in my constituency, I am struggling to develop out by the executive arm which is supposed to
eight health centers because when I was elected implement development projects irrespective of
they were not there, but people wanted them where the money comes from.
and the development committees were formed
and so on. So far, we have managed to build Mr. Temporary Deputy Speaker, Sir, the first
only two or three health centers. We have been beneficiary of this motion is our national
a little lucky to get a benefactor from outside: leadership. At the moment Hon. members
that is one donor or two. However, all the money are completely grounded by Harambee for

40 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Three | The CDF Debate

classrooms, health centers, scholarships I am aware the current Government will

and so on. The first beneficiary should be hon continue being reluctant to implement this
members and other leaders. These people Motion because they do not want to free the
should be freed from Harambees so that they minds of the leaders. They want to enslave our
can concentrate on other more important minds. I wish to assure everybody in this country
political and economic issues of the nation: that the National Alliance party of Kenya (NAK)
issues which wananchi have elected them to is taking over the government next year. I ask
tackle in this House. hon. members to pass this motion and in a few
months’ time, we shall have it implemented
One of the most important issues in the provision to enable our country run like other countries
is that the hon. member for each constituency which have improved their per capita income
will spear head what will be proposed for from US$300 to US$10,000 in a few years.
implementation in each constituency .The point
there is that our country is very diverse. Whereas I wish also to inform Hon. members of that, and
in my constituency I may be looking for funds to a small caucus of hon. Members have sat down,
develop a milk plant, another area may be looking consulted where need be, and the draft Bill is
for a police post station or a police post because ready. We only need to pass the motion so that
their problem may be a lack of security. Another we can bring the Bill here and, in a day or two,
area will be looking for a slaughterhouse, we pass it so that we can progress.
or electricity for their coffee factory. So, it is
important that the Hon. Members liaises with With those few remarks, I beg to move.
other leaders in each particular area so as to
bring proposal to the house on what should be Muriuki was supported by Mr Njeru Kathangu who
done in each constituency. made similar remarks in Swahili lamguage – on
the importance of a Constituency fund that would
I am happy to note that the tribunal, which was rejuvenate the countryside.
appointed to look into affairs and terms for the
members of Parliament, recognized the need to This was followed by Prof. Peter Anyang-Nyong’o,
incorporate the provisions of this proposal. We who rose to support the Motion. In his contribution,
hope that by the time they pass those proposals Prof Nyong’o said:
this motion will have gone through so that the
country can move ahead. “We cannot continue relying on adhoc moves
to provide resources at the grassroots level
Finally, but not last. Mr. Temporary Deputy through Harambee. Not only have we agreed
Speaker, Sir, occasionally, we have had disasters through the new constitution that we shall
in our various areas. Sometimes you find that devolve power to grass root level, but that a lot
a school roof has been blown off by wind or of resources should be budgeted for allocated
a bridge has broken down somewhere, or a at the grass root level, especially when we are
generator in a hospital has broken down. But proposing to revive location village and county Prof. Peter Anyang-Nyong’o
to get emergency funds from the Government councils as it was in the colonial times. We look
to attend to such emergencies, which have forward to a structure of Government whereby
happened overnight, becomes very difficult. basic services like education, Health and even
I would propose that the 2.5 percent of the security are organized and run at the local
government revenue should be put in a national level. It t is only local people who can maintain
fund account so that as when a disaster strikes their security. A government should not
in any corner of the country, we do not have to exist, which imposes security on people. The
call hon. Members of Parliament to contribute voluntary manner in which security apparatus
money in Harambees. They do not have this are managed by the people is much better than
money because of the doldrums of the economy having a highly paid police force which does not
and we do not want to ask the residents of that feel that it is in sync with the local community.
area to contribute in Harambees. If we have this
money and such a thing has happened, we can Mr. Temporary Deputy Speaker, If you have
authorize the withdrawal of some amount of resources from the grass roots, you will make
money to repair roofs. sure that food is produced in plenty and that

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 41

 Chapter Three | The CDF Debate

there is food security. If you make sure that the brought us a very sensible motion in this House
rural access roads are well maintained, then ,which we should pass, so that we can begin
people will be using their bicycles to go to the planning properly.”
lake shores bring fish and market it locally. With
this kind of economic activity, you will reduce His argument was that when the new Constitution
the sense of insecurity and poverty. comes into effect, Kenya would have the village
and location councils, operating “within the
On the Harambee spirit which Eng Karue had context of the constituency Development Fund”
sought to replace with the new Fund, Prof
Nyong’o said: “I would like to say a few more “The money will be properly budgeted for and will
things about Harambee, we do not realize that go in there be used and members of parliament
Harambee are extremely costly because a lot will not need to run up and down like mad dogs
of money that is collected is never used for its attending all kinds of Harambees all over the
intended purpose .I know that, for example ,when country, it does not make sense at all! People
you go home for Harambee a lot of money is develop high blood pressure and die early! It
spent cooking food for the guests. They will also does not make sense what so ever! So, I hope
spend some money buying a goat to be donated we can take Eng. Muriuki seriously and pass this
to the guest of honor. By the time you add up motion quickly, so that when we go back to our
the money that has been used to prepare for the constituencies and get elected, we shall know
Harambee and compare it with the money that that we have an arrangement in the new year,
is finally collected, you will find that it is almost which is rational, sensible cost effective, efficient
the same amount. When you also take into and shall thank Eng. Muriuki forever!
account the amount of money you use to drive
all the way from Nairobi to Kisumu to attend a With those few remarks, I beg to support.
Harambee where you will donate Sh30,000, the
wear and tear of the vehicle you use and fuel **
costs, this will amount to about Sh7000 .When
you deduct that Sh7000 from the Sh30000,you “We have been Reduced to Harambee Robots”
will find that you have only contributed Sh 23000.
What the women take to cook the food and the Capt.Ntwiga: Thank you Mr Temporary Deputy
money used to purchase this food the whole Speaker, Sir. First of all, I have to congratulate
cost benefit analysis does not make sense. Eng Muriuki for bringing this kind of motion
Now ,if we have the Constituency Development to this House, knowing very well that he is
Fund, where we know that money will be the same person who brought another motion
Capt.Ntwiga coming from the Government, where we know and the District Roads Boards (DRCS) came
that if indeed, you want to supplement it, you into effect. You can imagine how Sh5million
could pay development tax. We pay a lot of taxes has helped the constituencies, so I wish Eng
anyway! We pay Training levy, Hotel Levy ,Value Muriuki well ,so that he may come back to this
Added Tax (VAT)and others. We pay them so that House next Parliament and continue with the
the government could get money to finance same vigor.
development, now, when you pay all that and
then begin contributing in Harambees, it does Mr. Temporary Deputy Speaker, Sir, the 2.5
not make sense. I would rather pay 1 percent percent which Eng Muriuki is asking from the
of my income to put in a development tax and consolidated Fund is not enough! That amounts
know that that money will further be aggregated to Sh 20million per constituency per year. I
and used for constituency development. It is a wish it could be 5 percent because it could
neater, quicker and more cost effective way of have a better impact in the constituency than
doing things, rather than collecting all kinds of the 2.5 percent. However better half bread
taxes that we are collecting, misuse them and than a whole bread that is not fourth coming!
then tax people again on Harambee and then Therefore, let it be so and let us pass this
when you add up what you have spent a month motion as quickly as possible, although it is not
in terms of Harambees, it comes to something going to be implemented immediately, it will be
like Sh30,000. It does not make sense. Then ,it implemented in the next Parliament and that is
is not effectively used, I think Eng. Muriuki has why I am wishing him well to come back. Let’s

42 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Three | The CDF Debate

pass this motion overwhelmingly, so that our “We are Getting Embarrassed.”
people can benefit in the rural areas.
Permenus Munyasia: The work of a member
Mr. Temporary Deputy Speaker, sir, the of parliament has been very frustrating
constituencies should be the centers of because the constituents expect that he or she
development. That is because the shoe owner would be the one to spearhead development
knows where it pinches most! People in the in the constituency. When the member of
grassroots know the problems affecting them, Parliament ensures that he attends all the
therefore, if they are financed in this manner, subs DDC and DDC meetings, all he ends up
they will know where to put that little resource doing with the rest of those committee is that
effectively. They will know where to put less they draw up what they call the annex: making
capital –intensive, as opposed to the capital recommendations of what projects should be
–intensive projects, where a lot of money is given priority; and then, the annex is sent to
misused and the resource does not help the the central Government. As usual, we will be
population, so the constituencies should be the told that when funds are available, they will do
centers of development. They should get the something. So, projects which have had priority
money immediately from the Ministry of Finance rating in various constituencies have remained
direct to the constituencies. It should not pass in that state year in, year out. Unless an Hon
through the Permanent secretaries in various MP has a clear mind and sticks to the truth Permenus Munyasia
Ministries where they would start planning of the situation ,he can give in to the pressure
and doing things which are not applicable or of the constituents and develop what they call
beneficial to the people at the grassroots! “Constituency Development Fund.” There are a
number of such funds which been introduced in
The Sh5million which Eng. Muriuki is this country. I resisted such temptation because
proposing is not enough to build big bridges I knew that without annual tax or a mechanism
in my constituency. We should not mind about for making sure that there is money which
geographical and demographic aspects of would replace whatever is spent on a yearly
a constituency. Let us give the money to the basis, it will be useless. I still ought to be told
constituents whether they are in North Horr, which Constituency Development Fund still
Makadara and other small constituencies… functions to date. Even the former hon. Member
and things are going to work. That is the only for Butere who as early as 1963 established
way we can relieve the members of parliament what was called the “Butere Constituency
from conducting Harambees. We have become Development fund “had given up by the time we
paupers because every weekend –like now from started the seventh Parliament. This is because
here - I am going to a Harambee! Imagine! it is not possible to sustain the fund.
Tomorrow I will be back Here! That would relieve
the member of parliament of all the burden. That Mr. Temporary Deputy Speaker, Sir, this loophole
money should go to the constituencies so that a has given opportunity to con men from various
member of Parliament could allocate it with his areas - those who would like to be elected - to
people. The committee can allocate the money go around accusing the sitting Mps of doing
to various projects. Otherwise, we have been nothing. These people include the Provincial
reduced into Harambee robots! If anything, there Administration, who go round accusing hon MPs
is no time you can miss a card for a Harambee in of not being development conscious because
your pigeonhole every day and hour. In fact, most they have not used their personal resources to
of the letters we receive here –you are also a fund public projects. These people say that such
witness, Mr. Temporary Deputy Speaker, Sir –are and such MP has not initiated any development
cards for Harambees! So that will relieve us, and project. What do they mean by initiating
the Members of Parliament will be conducting development projects without a view to funding?
the business of this house without much worry, What will be his sources of funds so that he
and it will be very beneficial to us. can start health center? So, this this particular
Motion is a welcome development. The so –
With those few remarks, I do not have to say much, called Constituency Development Funds which
Eng. Muriuki, keep it up! Thank you! I Support! have been started by some of our hon Mps can
now get life and the constituencies that did not
**

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 43

 Chapter Three | The CDF Debate

have them can begin planning knowing that provide services in areas they had been unable
there will be money on yearly basis to carry out to has been paid directly to the councilors who
some of those development projects represent wards and not the nominated ones.
Those councilors have used the money to buy
I have been reminded about the frustrations that themselves suits, plots and do whatever they
I suffered in my constituency when we had the can do with it. There is hardly anything on the
so called structural adjustments programmers ground which they can show for using the LAFT
(SAPS).This government came up with what is money. So, that is why I support the idea that it
called “social Dimensions of Development’ we should not be understood that this money will
were supposed to recommend projects which be paid to the Hon .MP The Hon MP will only be
were going to be funded by the Government so in charge of the committee which will plan the
that those who were economically vulnerable development projects in the constituency.
or suffered most from the SAP’s could benefit
a bit .We made those recommendations, but During the campaign period, those people
nothing came out. Now we have what they call contesting for parliamentary seat can, indeed,
‘poverty eradication Programs’. We have made go round promising the people of the areas
those proposals but nothing has come out .So, which lack such and such a facility that they will
we allow con men from other areas to continue make sure that they have it if they are elected.
coming to cheat our people. This is because they know that there is a fund
which can be sustained on a yearly basis.
I have in mind a group of Nairobi University
lecturers who spent parallel degree program A fraction of that money should be put aside as
monies, some of it which was collected a contingency fund because many times, hon.
fraudulently from parents. They came to MPs get embarrassed when certain calamities
campaign in Sirisia constituency. They said that occur. For instance, when there are floods like
they were going to set up a bursary fund in the in Budalangi constituency, people suffer every
constituency because the sitting MP had not year. So you will not know how many people will
established one. They went ahead and raised be displaced at one time. Those people require
only Sh171,000 to sponsor students who were immediate assistance. When roofs of buildings
going to do parallel degree programs at the are blown off, like it happened recently in my
University of Nairobi. A year has passed since constituency, in lwandanyi area, those who
that was done but nothing has been done. Not are campaigning now of course had a God
even a single student has benefited from such given opportunity, they rushed there and gave
a program. But I am saying that these people whatever money they had so that they could
would not have had that opportunity to deceive say; look how much has your hon MP given out?
the people if we had a constituency funded They told the people that they were development
which was funded by the central government conscious, but if there was a contingency fund
which the people of Sirisia Constituency were ,we would have handled some of the calamities
in control of. which occur suddenly.

I support the proposal made by Eng. Muriuki **

that when this money comes, it will not be
paid to the Hon. Members. I would not like to “Constituencies are the building blocks of
receive such money, but we want it to be there development”
and be executed by the executive arm of the
government. But the people of the constituency Mr.Mutiso
will be the ones of course to make plans or
identify the priorities. “I would like to thank the Hon Member for
having been visionary in bringing important
If this money is used in a manner in which Local motion to this house. I do understand that Eng.
Authorities Transfer Funds (LATF) have been Muriuki was also the Hon. Member who was
used in this country, it will be a sorry matter. instrumental in coming up with the Constituency
In many county councils and municipal councils roads committee.
money which was meant to assist those councils

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Chapter Three | The CDF Debate

I would like to say that constituencies are Therefore, as Eng.Muriuki has proposed, let
the building blocks of development in this us have the Constituencies Development Fund
country. Unfortunately as per the government directly under constituencies. We are saying
policy, which was envisaged sometime back, that constituencies should also establish a
the District Focus for Rural Development has mechanism which, I believe, will be provided
failed the district development committee in the Draft bill. In the Draft Constitution by
(DDCs) in the various districts are responsible Prof Yash Pal Ghai, there is a proposal about
for the allocation of the resources which are the village and local councils, I think this will
granted by the government through this House. act as a mirror to enforce the vision of the
The chairmen of these DDCs are the DCs the Draft Constitution, to have in those councils the
provincial administration, plus the heads of Constituencies Development Fund.
various departments.
**
Time and again in the District Development
Committees’, proposals are made to enhance John Michuki
development in various constituencies,
unfortunately, district plans are not in tandem At the outset. I would like to say that I rise to
with the allocations made by the treasury. support the spirit of this motion which has been
I believe some of the projects which the necessitated by failure in resource allocation
Government has promised, year in year out in within this country. We know our priorities
different financial years, have not materialized within this country, we know our priorities, the
because of the method in which these resources need to provide infrastructural facilities; roads,
are channeled down to the constituencies. I clean water, education, et cetera. Indeed, from
believe in a bold step-in trying to empower the very beginning of our independence, we
our constituencies, and more so the rural aimed at eliminating three problems, namely
household. It is well founded in economic that poverty, ignorance and disease. It is within
,unless we improve the domestic consumption; these areas that we have dismally performed,
income per household it will be impossible to because citizens interact with problems on a
improve development of these constituents I daily basis .it becomes an issue for discussion
would like to urge the Minister for Finance as with leaders within the constituencies.
my fellow colleagues had earlier commented John Michuki
that, such an important motion requires his If you look around you will see that Harambee,
presence in the House it is quite unfortunate apart from those done by the churches, which
-Although we have the leader of Government are entirely different organizations, have been
Business in the House, I think some of these concentrated on education and health; hospital
comments have to be heard by the minister bills operations et cetera. You have seen this in
himself or the assistant Minister. the newspapers! People advertise for help in
order to be saved from death by their friends
As my fellow colleagues have raised concern about and not their Government, because it has failed;
the method in which resources are mobilized from a government which since independence was
the constituencies, through the Harambeee. The committed to actually fighting disease. With
intention of Harambee was good for raising funds Sh230 billion, it has dismally failed in health,
by pulling together in order to build a common education and the elimination of poverty to
good. However, hon Members have actually been the extent that we now have 56 percent of
bestowed with this responsibility beyond what was our population living below the poverty line,
envisaged in the original Harambee spirit .You find so this motion is most welcome because it is
that even today ,the manner in which positions are reminding the Government of its failure to
allocated in the Government - there is nothing allocate resources properly.
more than the pressure of these leaders trying to
get higher positions where they could get more We had discussion regarding other areas which
money through fair or unfair methods. When require to have money appropriated on the floor
somebody is given a Government responsibility, it of the House. If you look at this motion and
means more resources will be made available to many others that have been passed here from
that person. another angle, you will see that we are equating

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 45

 Chapter Three | The CDF Debate

Acts of Parliament with the provision of the .One, it will support and assist schools because
constitution particularly on establishment of most of them do not have enough desks and
funds. For example, the Consolidated Fund classrooms. Once this money is taken to the
and the Civil Contingencies Fund, from where constituency, it will reduce the burden, it will
one gets money for emergencies awaiting effectively reduce the problem of Harambees,
supplementary Estimates. In fact, its possible with the introduction of the DRCs. We do not
to allocate the whole budget through Acts of need to hold Harambees to construct bridges,
parliament to specific areas of expenditure so that will be a thing of the past. We do not have to
that this parliament will have no money to vote raise funds to support ourselves when we have
at any given time. This is the Tendency which is to go out to repair roads somewhere because
now creeping into the management of finances the Government cannot do it. But now, with this
in Kenya. We must appropriate money for the one, it will reduce this problem of Harambee.
construction of roads because the Government
has failed. We must pass an Act here. One more important thing is that the DDCs
are not being effective in our Districts as they
So, the next Government, which will be led by the were meant to be. This is going to be one of the
The drafter of CDF bill Muriuki National Rainbow Coalition, will remove some major projects which will revive the objective of
Karue in a press conference 2005. of these burdens from the people. For example, the DDCs because people will be involved in the
we shall make sure there will be no fees paid in prioritization of the projects, Finally, it is going
primary schools. There will be no cost sharing to make people get involved in the planning and
programme in hospitals. These are the areas governing of their own funds, which come to
which really over burden citizens of this country. develop their constituencies, so this is a very
We will begin by addressing these areas. important motion which needs to be supported
by everybody.
In the absence of priorities, this motion is most
welcome. I agree the Sh5 million allocated **
to constituencies for maintenance of roads,
especially in my constituency, did a lot to The Closing Remarks: “No more begging”
improve our roads, we have opened up access
roads which were impassable. Our people In his closing remarks
are now getting to their homes in their cars.
They are also able to transport materials to End Muriuki Karue: Let me take the opportunity
build modern houses. Since the Government to thank all those hon. Members who have
itself has failed obviously, we must force it contributed to this motion.
on the floor of this House to allocate money
to constituencies. That is why I welcome this Harambees will always be there, and I should not
motion by Eng. Muriuki. We shall have solutions be mistaken by anybody that I said that Harambee
to other problems in this country, we shall show will disappear. They will also be there but let them
hon members on the other side of the House, be for the correct cause. Being called to build
how public resources are managed, but in the a bridge on a Harambee basis does not make
meantime, I urge this House to pass this Motion sense. As a matter of fact sometimes when there
so that it will form part of the consideration is an emergency like flood or land slide, some
when we allocate resources to constituencies. people take advantage of that calamity to show
Voi MP Basil Mwakiringo. off by contributing hundreds of thousands to an
** extent that if the area Member of Parliament
does not go there to contribute Sh1 million, he
“CDF will reduce the problem of Harambees” is accused of not being development conscious.
This is the picture which we want to remove once
Basil Mwakiringo and for all.

I just rise to support this motion ,I think once we Dishing out money will never be a solution to
have this 2.5 percent going into the constitution our problems in this country. The fundamental
development fund, it will reduce the burden on point is that when you take a Ministry, like the
people who are impoverished in the rural areas Ministry of Health, its budget during the last

46 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Three | The CDF Debate

financial year was Sh11 billion and yet I cannot told Parliament: “We as, a new government, have
get funds for my eight small health centers, problems finding enough money to accommodate
despite writing letters visiting and literally the entire Fund. In order to show that I as the
kneeling down before them. So with this Minister, have got goodwill on the Constituency
fund, we are able to do our health centers and Development fund, that I support it and we are The point I wanted
assist our people. We shall need a few parallel totally committed to it, I provided Sh2 million per to make at the very
provincial institutions like the budget office in constituency. The funds are provided for under beginning, so that this
Parliament, which was rejected by misguided Vote D09, Office of the vice –President and Mistry misunderstanding
individuals here. of National Reconstruction. I did that as an can be removed, is we
interim measure, knowing that Eng. Muriuki is have now allocated
Last but not least the intention to reduce my going to bring to this House on the Constituency the fund whatever
original proposal from 5 percent to 2.5 percent Development Fund. I think, as legislators, we have resources we could
was accepted by this house in good faith, to be practical. In fact, I have wanted to discuss with spare. The intention
thinking that the Government would implement Eng. Muriuki, so that the Bill he intends to bring is that, as soon as we
it, but because it did not implement it I think to this House becomes a Bill of the Government get enough money,
when the bill comes, we shall change from 2.5 of Kenya to prove that we are indeed, with you and the Constituency
percent to 5 percent. that we are not working at cross purposes. The Development Fund will
point I wanted to make at the very beginning, so be fully funded. But, in
How Kibaki Government took over CDF Bill that this misunderstanding can be removed, is we the meantime, I think
have now allocated the fund whatever resources we have to cut our coat
The election of President Mwai Kibaki brought in we could spare. The intention is that, as soon as we according to the size of
life to the proposed Constituency Development get enough money, the Constituency Development our cloth.
Fund. His Minister for Finance David Mwiraria, Fund will be fully funded. But, in the meantime, I
even before the Fund was actualized, had provided think we have to cut our coat according to the size
for its provision in the Budget. On June 24, 2003, he of our cloth.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 47

 Chapter Four

From
Harambee
to CDF
Country
Memoir
NGCDF
National Government Constituencies Development Fund

Two Decades of Progress

48 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

T
he Constituencies Development Fund was As then Minister for Planning Wycliff Oparanya ANC Party National organizing
established through the CDF Act 2003. noted, there was low utilization of completed Secretary Basil Mwakiringo
It stipulated that a minimum of 2.5 per facilities such as health centers and police posts. (right).
cent of all Government ordinary revenue While the facilities had been put up, he said,
collected in every financial year be disbursed to the Government was not able to provide staff to
the constituencies. In that arrangement, each operationalize them. “That is a challenge that we
constituency received a share comprising of three have to face as a Government and as a country,”
quarters of the government ordinary revenue divided he said. Another problem that was noted was the
equally, and the other quarter is divided based on poor linkages and co-ordination between the CDF
the National Poverty Index, which is multiplied by accounting managers, CDF Committees at the In the first four
the constituency poverty index. constituencies and district departmental heads. years of its
There were a lot of complaints that some CDF inception, a total of
In the first four years of its inception, a total account managers “behave as managers and not as Sh24.2 billion had
of Sh24.2 billion had been disbursed to the accountants,” as Oparanya told Parliament. He also been disbursed to
constituencies from an initial allocation of Sh1.26 noted that there was a problem of identification and the constituencies
billion in 2003/2004 to Sh10.1 billion in 2006/2007. In implementation of some of the projects. In some from an initial
the beginning the elected Members of Parliament cases, he said, Government departmental heads allocation of Sh1.26
constituted their CDF committees. were “reluctant to help in the identification and billion in 2003/2004
implementation of some of the projects.” to Sh10.1 billion
Although there were teething problems at the initial in 2006/2007. In
phase, the CDF resources emerged as major form The other difficulties noted were in the management the beginning the
of devolved funds for the development of the entire of the fund, especially during transition between elected Members
country at the community level. The problems outgoing and incoming Members of Parliament. of Parliament
related to the management and in some few cases, There was a weak monitoring and evaluation and constituted their
duplication, and wastage of resource. members were asked to provide enough funds CDF committees.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 49

 Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

for that task in the project proposals. In some Board was envisaged to be a body corporate and
constituencies, there also the low utilisation of replaced the National Management Committee,
funds due to lack of effective committees. According which had been running the CDF since its inception.
to Ababu Namwamba, there were problems that
involved the transition of one MP to the new one. The work of the Board was to approve all the funding
“We have experienced many hiccups because of all project proposals from Constituencies Fund
the process of transitioning from one Member Committees. Thus, it was MPs who were to come
to another seems not have been clearly thought. up with project proposals which were to be approved
I want to tie this to the question of audit and by the Board before any funding was released.
monitoring of CDF projects, and I would urge the
minister ,as he thinks of the various reforms that By then, most of the Constituencies had built
should be contemplated to streamline this process CDF offices and these were to be linked to
further, to have a process that can prepare some the headquarters for easy flow of information,
kind of composite monitoring and audit reports transparency, and accountability.
in the penultimate year of the life of every House
in the fourth year of the life of every House in the At the pioneer phase, there was a lot of criticism
contemplation that there would be a transition. on the role of Members of Parliament, and the
That would assist in ensuring that new Members of management of the fund. This was regarding
Parliament would have an easy time inheriting the the identification and implementation of some of
CDF projects and processes.” the projects, and generally, the set up of the CDF
Committees. The other focus of the reforms was to
To address these concerns and streamline the come up with clear duties of the Accounts Manager,
use of CDF resources, Parliament amended the to erase any conflicts between the Member of
Constituencies Development Fund Act, 2003 Parliament, the CDF Committee, and the Accounts
The work of leading to a new Constituencies Development Fund Manager.
the Board was (amendment) Act, 2007. Under this Act, some of
to approve all the issues were addressed – but not all. Everyone Other reforms were on human resource with
the funding appreciated that CDF was an evolving experiment. concern that the caliber of staff employed at the
of all project constituency level was inadequately compensated.
proposals from In order to address the remaining challenges, the There was therefore a need to rationalize the
Constituencies Ministry of Planning, National Development and terms of service of those employed – and that the
Fund Committees. Vision 2030, decided to carry out more reforms. staffing levels should be standardized in line with
Thus, it was Government procedures and regulations.
MPs who were New Board and reforms
to come up with The Constituencies Development Fund
project proposals The reforms that were put in place included the (Amendment)Act, 2007 had vested in the Minister
which were to formation of a new board to ensure that there were for Planning, National Development and Vision 2030
be approved by regular audits of all the projects’ money disbursed crucial duties, and responsibilities. The Minister had
the Board before to the constituencies. The work of the board, as powers to appointment eight persons; at least one
any funding was Parliament was told, was to monitor the funds and from each of the listed professional organizations
released. advise on the implementation of the projects. The to the CDF Board, and one additional member in

50 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

accordance with Section5(3)e. The minister was to

also appoint four other persons to the CDF Board in
accordance with Section 5(3) f, and the chairperson
of the CDF Board in accordance with Section 5(4).

The first Board of the CDF that was approved by

Parliament consisted of the permanent Secretary,
Ministry of Planning, National Development and
Vison 2030, the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of
Finance, the Clerk of the National Assembly, the
Attorney General.

The others were Eng. Joel Muthunga Wanyoike and

Ms. Jennipher N. Barasa, representing the Kenya
National Chamber of Commerce and Industry,
Lawrence Kahindi Majali, representing the Kenya
National Union of Teachers, Rt. Rev. Bishop
Martin Kivuva, representing the Kenya Episcopal
Conference, Ms. Maryam Sheikh Abdikadir,
representing the Supreme Council of Muslims of
Kenya and Ms. Rebecca Metto Kosgei, representing
the National Council of Churches of Kenya.
Also included was Benson Okundi, representing
the Institute of Certified Public Accountants of
Kenya. Others were Dr John Wamakonjio, Simon
Kiprono Chelugui, Omar Jibrill Mohamed, James
Oloo Ogundo and Ms. Janet Mange ‘era of Kenya
Episcopal conference.

The first Board of the CDF was hailed as balanced

and came with a lot of experience. “We have
registered engineers, fellows with master’s degrees
in education, holders of Bachelor of Education Besides the Government nominees, eight of the 13
degrees, master’s degrees in finance and Master nominees were below the age of 40 years. This was
degrees in Business Administration. That is very seen as supporting the youth that is very good. Even
impressive,” said Mutula Kilonzo (Mbooni). among those nominees who are above the age of 40
years only one, is 60 years old. The others are below
The Board was first charged with the duty of the age 55 years. This is my kind of minister.
recruiting a Chief Executive Officer – a position that
was advertised by the minister. One of the conditions Debate on the formulation of the Board shed light The first Board
given by the Minister in the advertisement for the on the some of the initial problems that had faced of the CDF that
post of the CEO was the “person must be a citizen CDF. While seconding that motion, the Minister was approved by
aged between 45 and 52 years. One MP lamented for Energy, Kiraitu Murungi said that CDF had Parliament consisted
that “that was very unusual. It was as if the job revolutionized the countryside and described it of the permanent
was being tailored for a particular person. The as “one of the greatest innovations that we have Secretary, Ministry
CEOs of Barclays Bank, the Co-operative Bank, done in this Parliament.” “Whenever we travel in of Planning, National
Stanbic Bank, as well as Government Permanent this country, we are recognized and celebrated for Development
Secretaries (PSs) are qualified. There is nothing having taken development to the grassroots. Very and Vison 2030,
wrong with being 40 years old. You can be a CEO many villages now have dispensaries where there the Permanent
of the CDF at that age. The CEO of the institutions was none before. Very many villages now have Secretary, Ministry
I have mentioned are managing much more funds, secondary schools where there were none before. of Finance, the
so that is one of conditions we want removed in Many students are even going to school using the Clerk of the National
the recruitment of the CEO of the CDF,” said Abdul CDF bursary funds, This Fund has really assisted in Assembly, the
Bahari (Isiolo South). the grassroots development of this country.” Attorney General.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 51

 Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

He recalled that the Fund was floated by the us that if we tried to do everything, it would collapse,
opposition since – as he put it – “the Government had so as much as we might want to do everything, the
a policy of not developing Opposition strongholds. CDF is still young. Let us give the CDF time to grow.”
Indeed, there was a minister who stood where I am
It emerged that standing now and said, “So long as you are not in Other countries that delegations visited when
MPs had to travel to Kanu forget development”, so, we had to sit down formulating the CDF were, Tanzania, South Africa,
several countries and find how we could develop all the constancies Ghana, Sudan, and USA.
seeking ideas on where we came from without discrimination.”
how to implement When the CDF was put in place, it was managed by
CDF. “The closest It emerged that MPs had to travel to several the National Management Board, which, according
we came to CDF countries seeking ideas on how to implement CDF. to Kiraitu, “became a super Member of Parliament”
was in Zambia, “The closest we came to CDF was in Zambia, where to the extent that it controlled the projects that MPs
where the Member the Member of Parliament was given some funds to wanted in their constituencies. “It arrogated itself
of Parliament was develop the constituency, but Zambia had no rules the power to reject proposals from Members of
given some funds to regulate the expenditure. So, at the end of the Parliament on how they wanted to spend money in
to develop the year hon. Members would report many projects their constituencies,” he said.
constituency, but which were non-existent, and it was found out that
Zambia had no rules they just used to share the monies received with The minister gave an example of a village bank that
to regulate the their campaign managers and other people.” Kiraitu he wanted to set up in South Imenti and which was
expenditure. said that Kenya’s CDF was a great improvement, dismissed by the National Management Board as a
“because there was an Act of Parliament with very “Merry-Go-Round”. He said: “This village bank [was]
clear rules of accountability and how this money supposed to meet the banking needs of the poorest of
should be spent.” Another MP, Isiolo South Ahmed the poor within my constituency, But when we put in a
Bahari also observed that in Zambia, they tried to proposal [it] was dismissed by that Board as a Merry-
do everything with their CDF: “They tried to give Go–Round. They said that they did not fund Merry-
honourable members leeway to do everything. The Go-Rounds, but that was not a Merry–Go-Round. It
CDF was buying cows, donkeys and everything as if was an established bank, with a manager and [had]
the central Government had stopped operating. So, a track record of serving over 3000 customers. So,
the CDF collapsed. We went to India, and they told we felt a lot of pain that a Board, not even appointed

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Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

my Members of Parliament, had the power to decide members, according to Assistant Minister for Youth Baringo central
constituency National
how I could have spent my allocation of CDF within in and Sports Kabando wa Kabando. “I am talking
Government Constituency
my own constituency.” about meritocracy. Even if we had five Kenyans
Development Fund offices
in a committee and it is delivering that would be at Kabarnet Town on
What Kiraitu was seeking was “maximum flexibility” okay. But at the same time, we are struggling with February 2020.
given to Members of Parliament to develop their numbers in order to appease, This is not diversity.
own constituencies given that they were all unique We are even risking multiplying skills so that
and the demand from the people varied from one statistics appear good. In future perhaps, for this
place to the other. “I might need my Constituencies kind of appointment, it may be prudent to consider
Development Fund to buy donkeys to transport an ideal number,like 11, and focus on the quality.”
various items within the constituency. So, the,
Minister should not come and tell me that I cannot Saboti MP Eugene Wamalwa also noted that CDF
buy donkeys with my CDF money. I might come was having staffing problems. The reason for that,
from Mandera and want to buy camels, Why not? he said, was because the Act allows only 3 per
You might be in Nairobi, and you want to buy a bus, cent for office operation and staffing. He wanted The idea of setting a
you go ahead and buy a bus! So, we should be left the 3 percent enhanced to enable Members to get Board was to have a
to decide, as people who know the heartbeat of our qualified staff that can run CDF offices. Wamalwa non-partisan organ
people, how the CDF will have the maximum and also called for strengthening of auditing systems: with professionals
positive impact in their lives.” “From the experience of my constituency, I can say and representation
that it will be great thing to have regular audits from various sectors.
The same view was held by Isiolo South MP Abdul to discover any misuse of public funds. If we have But there was a
Bahari: On many occasions, when we want to an independent audit unit at the district level that feeling that the Board,
use the constituencies Development Fund (CDF), will carry out regular audits this will be one way of as per international
particularly after drought spell, to re-stock, we are ensuring that money is properly utilized.” practice on good
told that the rules do not allow it. That is very unfair.” corporate governance,
The minister had hinted on the possibility of having should have had a
The idea of setting a Board was to have a non-partisan district audit teams in various districts. “If we are going total of 11 members,
organ with professionals and representation to ensure audits serve the purpose for which they are according to Assistant
from various sectors. But there was a feeling that intended; that is, to secure the public good and ensure Minister for Youth and
the Board, as per international practice on good that expenditure through CDF is above board, we need Sports Kabando wa
corporate governance, should have had a total of 11 to be serious and take action whenever we notice Kabando.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 53

 Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

“When you look at what 2.5 percent has done for

this country since the CDF was introduced, it is
remarkable compared to the 97.5 per cent left with
the central Government. We can see development
of schools, hospitals, and roads. We now have a
real change of face of this country, because of
this 2.5 per cent. In the constituencies we come
from, you cannot identify the development projects
implemented with the 97 per cent of the money left
with the central Government. But you can see what
2.5 per cent has done.”

Another matter that was raised as part of CDF

reform was the issue of bursary. The bursaries were
to support the students from poor backgrounds.
“There is really no point of putting up classrooms if
we cannot take our children to school. We need to
raise the amount of money set aside for bursaries
in the poor districts to 20 per cent, this should
not be pegged on a national policy of 10 per cent,
because the needs of constituencies are not the
same,” Nkaissery had suggested.

The CDF was meant to end the era of MPs

irregularities, some of us have inherited CDF projects “queueing behind the offices of ministers to beg
in our constituencies and realized lots of irregularities for favors” as MP Chris Okemo once put it. “If you
and yet, we are told that audits were conducted every have Sh100 million or Sh150 million allocated for
year,” said Ababu Namwamba. various projects in your constituency …that it is
enough money to keep all of us busy developing our
The audit was also important in order to capture constituencies.” He had also suggested the setting
any misappropriation of funds. “We have a case in up of Locational Development Committees (LDCS)
Naivasha Constituency where a grader was purchased of the CDF, whose job was to generate projects, and
for Sh10 million, but it cannot be traced anywhere. We supervise them during implementation. He also
would like to be given its engine and chassis numbers, said that the locals can audit the projects and make
so that we can follow up this matter. In the absence of sure that it was value for their money. “We should
audit, these details are not available,” lamented then even have some small allowances to enable this
Naivasha MP John Mututho. Locational Development Committees (LDCs) to sit,
audit and inspect and ensure that all the projects
The late Maj Gen Joseph Nkaissery suggested that at the locational level are being implemented.
the administrative fee should be raised to five per Once you do that, the question of audits does not
cent, in order to hire qualified employees for the arise. In fact, the audit should just be a routine
Constituency Development Committees (CDCS). More Government procedure. However, the day-to-day
so, he supported the need to raise their allowances operationalization of the CDF money can be done at
depending on the distances they travelled. the locational level by the LDCs.”

Another matter While supporting the appointment of the Board, Abdul Bahari, the Isiolo South MP sought for a
that was raised Nkaissery felt that the body should not be an flexible board – which he said would hasten the
as part of CDF “impediment, obstacle or a bottle neck” in the implementation of the projects. His lament was
reform was the implementation of development projects. He was that the District Development Officers (DDOs)
issue of bursary. of the view that the budgetary allocation equivalent were taking long time to approve expenditure,
The bursaries were to 2.5 per cent of the Government annual revenue a compliant that had been expressed by Kiraitu
to support the should be raised to, at least, five or seven per cent, Murungi and other MPs. He recommended that the
students from poor so that the constituencies develop without relying DDOs should have assistants or there must be an
backgrounds. on the central Government. alternate signatory to those accounts.

54 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

acted as CDF managers. Not more than that! But

some of them seemed to have given themselves
powers which never intended for them. Bahari
told Parliament: “The account manager [is] the
bookkeeper. He should keep your ledger and other To make the CDF
books.” work, Parliament
had introduced the
The Board was also given powers to establish its position of Account
committees. During the debate, some members felt Managers, who were
that there was no need for a limit on the number to act as bookkeepers,
of committees that were going to be set up by the the same as bank
board. The fear was that the Board could “misuse” managers. But some
that clause. On the question of the finances of the MPs felt that the
Board, section 48 stipulated that the minister must Account Managers
approve the financial estimates of the Board and who overstepped their
that it should not exceed 3 percent. The authority mandate – and some
to incur expenditure was vested with the District of them acted as CDF
Development Officer (DDO). managers.

Some MPs complained that their vast and poor

constituencies were losing out in the allocation
There was another suggestion that the members due to the method used to calculate how much
of the Board should be vetted by Parliament money went to every constituency. “Large and
as a tradition rather than having what Ababu poor constituencies like Kimilili Constituency are
Namwamba called superficial approval. “This is virtually losing out in the sense that the allocation
a case where Hon. members only come to look we get cannot possibly do as much as it would in
at names on lists and rubber stamps the same. I smaller and better endowed constituencies,” said
would want to propose that we institutionalize this Eseli Simiyu of Kimilili. “The method used needs to
tradition of vetting, which would require us to put be reviewed. Maybe we need to look at the idea of
in place certain frameworks, including a formal the poverty index. We need to change it completely,
committee of this House that would be charged with there must be other yardsticks that can be used,
the responsibility of scrutinizing nominees to public so that people do not feel like they are being
office ahead of a debate of this nature. I would want discriminated against on disbursement of these
to urge the Government to start thinking of the funds.”
possibility of legislation that would anchor such a
framework in this House.” Changing the Landscape

There were other teething problems at the start of The CDF was meant to alter the development
CDF since some of the District Commissioners did landscape. As Assistant Minister Aden Sugow once
not know how the new fund should be run. As Bahari noted, the last physical projects that had been
recounted, he had a case where the DC summoned carried out in his Fafi constituency was in the 1970s.
the CDF manager and told him that procurement That was because development funds went to “high
for the CDF would be the role of the District Tender potential areas while the so-called low potential
Committee. “These are the things which make areas - the arid and semi –arid lands of this country
it necessary for us to move very fast and put the were given a raw deal. They remained so for a long
Board in place, so that DCs and other senior civil time; the CDF became a savior for these areas.”
servants at the district level can be trained on the
CDF rules,” he had told Parliament. According to him, development was “skewed in favor
of certain areas” and this denied many Kenyans a
To make the CDF work, Parliament had introduced chance to invest in other areas like Northeastern
the position of Account Managers, who were to act “simply because the infrastructure necessary for
as bookkeepers, the same as bank managers. But his or her investment is not there.” He saw the
some MPs felt that the Account Managers who CDF as a chance to open the neglected regions and
overstepped their mandate – and some of them encourage investors.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 55

 Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

Politician Eustace Ntwiga This argument was supported by Adan Keynan that were used in the Rift valley province were
with his supporters outside who said that the enactment of the CDF Act different from the ones that were used in Western
High Court Nairobi Aug 1999.
was heralded by skewed national distribution of Province for purposes of administration.”
resources. “From Garissa to where I come from is
about 700 kilometers. If every year the Government The Implementation of the CDF, for the first time,
will tarmac 20 kilometers of road, it will take offered Kenyans a policy that was people – oriented
another 40 years before the people of Wajir West and people –centered. It was opposite of the kind of
to see an inch of tarmac. To that extent, I want to top –up planning that was replaced with a bottom
join those who support the proposal to increase the –up planning approach that had been practiced
allocation of the CDF from 2 per cent of our GDP to since independence. The difference between CDF
at least, a minimum of 20 per cent. That way every and previous interventions was that it was geared
constituency will get Sh200 million to Sh300 million. towards reduction of poverty from below. For
If we get that money, we can plan to tarmac, at least, instance, the number of students joining universities
The Implementation two to three kilometers of our roads every year. from marginalised regions increased tremendously.
of the CDF, for the When students from those areas are asked to define “[Before CDF] we used to have only one percent of
first time, offered tarmac, at least, they would have the opportunity to our student’s population qualifying and completing
Kenyans a policy have seen it not instead of just reading it about it. their studies at the national and private universities.
that was people – They would say: ‘this is a black substance in other Today, we have many students from that region
oriented and people parts of Kenya.’” joining universities. I attribute this success to the
–centered. It was CDF. I want to go on record and thank the Hon
opposite of the kind During the CDF debates, most of the MPs appreciated Muriuki Karue,” said Adan Keynan. The CDF was
of top –up planning that the kind of development legacy was a product also a major shift in the way people negotiated for
that was replaced of the colonial policy. As Adan Keynan put it: “We their share of national cake. Keynan observed: “I
with a bottom –up inherited a chain of policies that were prepared by remember in the Eighth Parliament when those of
planning approach our colonizers. The British used different policies to us who there in the opposition were struggling to
that had been govern this country. The policies that were used in get our share of the national cake. “[With CDF], we
practiced since northern Kenya were different from the ones that can no longer be going to State House to beg for our
independence. were used in the Rift valley Province. The polices rightful share of the national development.”

56 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

Mr. Deputy Speaker, Sir, in 1967, the Gross Domestic into an election. In my own constituency, by time we
Product (GDP)of south Korea and that of Kenya went to the election, I deliberately decided that I was
was at par. Today, the GDP of South Korea is thirty going to leave Sh20 million in the account, so that
times that of Kenya, this is because we did not have whoever was going to take over from me would find
policies that were tailor made for our people. Those the CDF account with money,” said Ekwe Ethuro of One of the provisions
are the same things that our development planners Turkana Central. of the CDF was
use. Those are the same things that were used to that any unutilised
deny regions, like where we come from their share CDF Challenged in Court – The Supreme Court money should not be
of the national cake! Ruling surrendered back to
the Treasury. Some
Mr. Deputy Speaker sir, I want to go on record and The CDF has not been without challenges. On MPs, rather than
say that this devolution at the constituency level February 3, 2013, a local non-governmental hastily carry out
should be used as a benchmark to develop areas organisation, The Institute for Social Accountability projects at the end of
that were, hitherto, neglected by the colonialists, (TISA), filed Petition No. 71 of 2013 in the High their term reasoned
the Kenyatta Government and the Moi Government. Court, Nairobi, alleging that the Constituencies that it was better to
Those areas continue to receive less of what they Development Fund Act, 2013 (CDFA) was in breach leave some money in
ought to get because of the harsh environmental of the Constitution for various reasons. It sought the account for the
conditions. injunctive orders to restrain disbursement of Sh10.1 incoming Member of
billion to Constituencies Development Fund Board. Parliament.
Mukurweini MP Kabando wa Kabando suggested
that the board should develop a good criterion for Similarly, another petition was filed in High
financing. He also suggested the use of data to inform Court in Nakuru alleging that the CDF Act was
usage of funds. “The Constituencies Development unconstitutional. The Nakuru petition was later
Fund (CDF) is devolved based on the poverty index. transferred to Nairobi and consolidated with the
However, within the constituencies themselves, Nairobi Petition. This was the first major legal test
areas are not the same… Something needs to be for CDF.
done, so that there is accurate mapping of the
poverty levels in constituencies, and the economic
situation in terms of the basic needs, which are
basic human rights. If one area is disadvantaged
in supply of water, the member of Parliament and
the CDC committee that he or she appoints should
be compelled by a nationally accepted survey of the
situation within that constituency to prioritize water
supply projects.”

This was supported by Adan Keynan who argued

that there was need for a better rationale in the
allocation of funds rather than the poverty index.
“I am not convinced how a constituency like Wajir
West, where 87 per cent of the residents rely on
relief food, can get a paltry Sh37 million, and a
constituency where 99 per cent of the residents are
agricultural crop growers get Sh80 million, Sh70
million or Sh67 million. I want to be convinced! That
rationale lacks every reason. It is not convincing.”

One of the provisions of the CDF was that any

unutilised money should not be surrendered back
to the Treasury. Some MPs, rather than hastily carry
out projects at the end of their term reasoned that
it was better to leave some money in the account
for the incoming Member of Parliament. “It is bad
practice to try to use money because you are going

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 57

 Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

At the Supreme Court, Justices Martha Koome, oversight role. This is how they put it: “It is obvious
Philemona Mwilu, Smokin Wanjala, William Ouko that as conceived and structured under the CDF Act
and Njoki Ndungu ruled that the CDF Act 2013, as 2013, Members of the National Assembly will have
amended by the CDF (Amendment) Act, 2013 was a personal interest or stake in the determination
In conclusion they unconstitutional on account of procedural lapses and implementation of projects by the Fund in their
said that MPs should for failing to involve the Senate in its enactment. constituencies. The perceived failure or success of
not have a role in the Secondly, it found that the CDF Act 2013 did not the Fund within their constituency will also influence
administration of offend the constitutional design but offended the their prospects of re-election. What this state of
CDF: “It follows that division of functions between the national and affairs does, is, it creates a conflict of interest with
allowing Legislators county governments. Finally, it found that the CDF the Member of Parliament’s oversight role. The very
any role, even a Act offended the constitutional principles on the fact that the success or failure of the CDF Fund will
merely ceremonial division of revenue, public finance, and separation be linked to the Member of the National Assembly
role in discharging of powers. creates a perverse incentive of self-interest in the
a mandate that Members of the National Assembly not to undertake
belongs to the “The fact that the CDF has been operational in this the robust oversight mandate- envisaged by the
executive branch at country since 2003 is not a good enough answer to Constitution over the Fund thus inimical to the
either the national the question on the constitutionality of the Fund in national values and principles of accountable and
or the county level, the post-2010 constitutional dispensation. A Fund good governance.”
would promote directed at service delivery mandate can only be
conflict of interest constitutionally complaint if structured in a manner In conclusion they said that MPs should not have
and compromise that does not entangle members of Legislative a role in the administration of CDF: “It follows
their oversight role.” bodies and Legislative bodies in the discharge of that allowing Legislators any role, even a merely
the service delivery mandate however symbolic. ceremonial role in discharging a mandate that
Such funds ought to be integrated and subsumed belongs to the executive branch at either the
within the structures of either the county executive national or the county level, would promote conflict
or the national executive,” said the Judges. of interest and compromise their oversight role.”

On the structure of CDF, the Supreme Court The Supreme Court judges reasoned that “a fund
concurred with the High Court that the MPs has an operating outside the strictures of separation of
interest in the fund and that this could weaken their powers and the system of checks and balances

58 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

would not be constrained given the absence of

legislative oversight and therefore would be prone
to be abused.”

In effect, they said “a Fund that allows personnel from

the Legislative branch to exercise executive powers is
problematic from a constitutional lens. In the context
of this case, we adopt the view that the constitutional
scheme on separation of powers should be upheld
given its implication for underlying constitutional
values; that is, the maintenance of accountability
and good governance. Were we to adopt a contrary
approach, as urged by the respondents, even for the
best of policy reasons, these constitutional values
and principles will be eroded.”

On the Constituency Development Fund Committee,

the Supreme Court found that it was vested with
the responsibility of initiating the process for
identification and prioritization of the projects,
employment of staff, allocation of funds to various
projects, the tabling of reports, and monitoring the CDF Act 2013 unconstitutional and suspended the
implementation of the projects. In the CDF Act 2013, declaration of unconstitutionality for 12 months to
22(3)(c) envisaged that the Member of the National give the government a window to remedy the defects.
Assembly was to appoint eight (8) of the ten (10) Therefore, the CDF Act 2013 stood invalidated at the
members of the Constituency Development Fund expiry of that period. It was argued in the Court of
Committee. This was in addition to Section 24(3) Appeal that the NGCDF Act, 2015 did not repeal the
(f) of the CDF Act 2013 which made the Member CDF Act 2013 or any section thereof. It was said
of the National Assembly an ex-officio member of that the application of the CDF Act 2013 ceased by
the Committee. In the Supreme Court’s argument, operation of law as per the judgment of the High
the Projects Implementation Committee which Court. The matter was raised on the question of
implements the projects works under the direction mootness since a new framework had been put
of the Constituency Development Committee – in place to govern the same Constituencies Fund.
which meant that the later was carrying out a The Court of Appeal found that the enactment of
mandate of the Executive branch. More so, two the NGCDF Act, 2015 did not render the CDF Act
of the Constituency Development Fund members appeal moot for the reasons that the NGCDF Act,
were among the three signatories to the bank 2015 did not contain an express repeal clause On the Constituency
account. This was contrary to the duties bestowed that would conclusively show that the Legislature Development Fund
to Parliament: Representation, legislation, and intended to repeal the CDF Act 2013. There was an Committee, the
oversight over the national government. “There argument that provisions of the statute which were Supreme Court
is no service delivery mandate envisaged in these declared violative of the Constitution in the CDF found that it was
roles,” said the Supreme Court. Act 2013 had been re-enacted on the NGCDF Act, vested with the
2015, and thus the matter was not moot. It was the responsibility of
The National Government Constituencies Supreme Court’s observation that the “intervening initiating the process
Development Fund legislation did not render the appeal moot because for identification
the legislation did not unequivocally address the and prioritization
After the CDF Act 2013 ceased to operate as a result issues raised by the appellants. Consequently, we of the projects,
of the High Court order, a new NGCDF Act 2015 was affirm the finding of the Court of Appeal that the employment of staff,
put in place. It was crafted to avoid the pitfalls that appeal before that court was not moot.” allocation of funds to
had befell the CDF Act 2013. various projects, the
It was also the Supreme Court’s considered view tabling of reports,
There were earlier arguments on whether the that the CDF Amendment) Act, 2013 had an effect and monitoring the
NGCDF Act was a better version of the old CDF on the functioning of county governments. They implementation of
Act. The High Court ruling had declared the entire said that Section 3 of the CDF Act 2013 provided the projects.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 59

 Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

that “the object and purpose of the Act is to ensure Fourth Schedule to the Constitution. They reasoned
that a specific portion of the national annual budget that infrastructural development such as roads,
is devoted to the constituencies for purposes of health, agriculture, and trade are functions that
infrastructural development, wealth creation, and are conferred upon both the national and county
the fight against poverty at the constituency level.” governments. We however note that these functions
Therefore, they argued, some of the functions are distinct with each level of government given a
contemplated under Section 3 of the CDF Act specific area of operation. Therefore, the CDF
2013 such as infrastructural development and the (Amendment) Act, 2013 should have been tabled
fight against poverty are also functions bestowed before the Senate in accordance with Article 96 of
upon the county government under Part 2 of the the Constitution for consideration.”

I salute Members
of Parliament for
the partnership to
leverage our digital
superhighway
infrastructure to
provide training
opportunities and
create thousands
of digital job
opportunities
for young people
across Kenya.”

President Ruto Signs the Constituencies Development Fund

On April 24, 2023, the Constituencies in 1,450 wards, which would be utilised by
Development Fund (Amendment) was tabled the youth in seeking employment in the
in Parliament and it sought to increase the digital space. President Ruto lauded MPs
bursary allocation from 35 per cent to 40 per for that: I salute Members of Parliament
cent. The Act was co-sponsored by the Leader for the partnership to leverage our digital
of Majority, Kimani Ichungw’ah and the Leader superhighway infrastructure to provide training
of Minority, Opiyo Wandayi. opportunities and create thousands of digital
job opportunities for young people across
It increased the allocation on environmental Kenya.” More so, and in line with the court
activities from two percent to five percent. ruling, it sought to fund projects under the
Besides that, it introduced a three per cent exclusive function of the National Government
allocation for constituencies digital hubs as provided for in the Fourth Schedule.

60 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

End of Harambee? grassroots politics. Candidates in legislative Students at John Njoroge

elections were forced to engage in public displays of Secondary School that was
Since independence, the legislators had a significant wealth to signal their ability to deliver ‘development’ constructed using CDF fund
sway in the types of projects that got selected— to their constituents via Harambee contributions. MARCH 2015.
outside the Harambee system when most projects
were initiated by communities. While the formal For years, MPs complained about the financial
legislative functions are structured to facilitate burden of Harambees. In 1970, one observed: ‘I
policy matters and oversight, voters preferred their thought that Harambee was going to be additional
legislators to exert more effort on constituency to what the Government provides. It seems now that
service than their official duties. This potential it is a substitute and I think this is a wrong concept.”
mismatch between legislators’ official functions Decades later, another legislator lamented that
and electoral realities underscored the voters ‘once you become an MP you go bankrupt [...]
push for MPs to perform other duties outside their Everything is done through Harambee! And every
mandate. Various studies have found that voters Harambee is on the MP!’
expect their MPs to perform fundraising role and
they placed less weight on the formal institutional Thus, MPs became an avenue of development, in
functions of legislators relative to constituency- response to constituent demands and they lost
level benefits provided by legislators. This, in turn, their oversight role. A standard Harambee cycle
structures constituents’ demands on politicians involved the identification of a project (either by In most places, the
running for legislative office. the community or a local leader), local community Harambee system,
meetings to determine levels of community education and
In most places, the Harambee system, education contributions, and a period of solicitation from healthcare were
and healthcare were the undisputed top priorities the local community for funds. In most instances, the undisputed top
among the voters on their MPs – with education a local government official (e.g., Chief, District priorities among
being the top priority, followed by healthcare and Officer, or District Commissioner) would coordinate the voters on their
agriculture. the collection of community contributions for MPs – with education
the identified project. Finally, the exercise would being the top
As scholars have shown, Harambees were not an culminate in a public fundraising in which a priority, followed
optimal electoral strategy for Kenyan legislators. respected political patron would serve as the ‘guest by healthcare and
After its introduction, it was the driving force of of honor’. Standard practice involved the public agriculture.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 61

 Chapter Four | From Harambee to CDF Country

announcement of the amounts contributed by citizens’ demands far outstripped the state’s fiscal
notable individuals—a fact that provided politicians and bureaucratic capacity.
with the opportunity to try and outdo each other. The
Harambee system became a competitive display of The politicization of Harambees continued beyond
The politicization wealth and power. the end of single-party rule in 1992 and politicians
of Harambees attended more Harambees. In the 1980s, only 7 per
continued beyond the At its peak, the Harambee system contributed cent of Harambee contributions took place during
end of single-party upwards of 30 per cent of development expenditures. election years. In the 1990s, contributions ahead
rule in 1992 and Between 1965 and 1984, on average, 90.1 per cent of the competitive 1997 election, made up 60 per
politicians attended of contributions came from private individuals, 5.7 cent of all Harambees in the decade. At the same
more Harambees. In per cent from government assistance, and 4.2 per time, almost two thirds of the projects were in the
the 1980s, only 7 per cent from other sources (private firms, foreigners, education sector. This state of affairs favoured the
cent of Harambee and non-governmental organizations). In no rich candidates and led to the CDF debate to solve
contributions took sector was the Harambee system more important the twin problems of resources constraints and the
place during election than in education. In the 1960s, ‘the Harambee lack of clear attribution. The CDF Act set aside 2.5
years. School movement assumed a distinctively political per cent of government ordinary revenue to be shared
character as local politicians keen to ingratiate among legislators. 75 per cent of the allocated funds
themselves with their constituents, began to play a were divided equally among Kenya’s constituencies,
principal role in the establishment of new schools with the remainder allocated on the basis of poverty.
and support of existing ones. Statistics show that
by 1989, 60.2 per cent of secondary schools were The growth of the CDF out of the Harambee system
‘Harambee Schools’ despite government allocation freed MPs from the patronage networks controlled by
of upwards of 20 per cent of the budget to education, the executive that previously bankrolled Harambees.

62 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter One
Four||InFrom
the Beginning…
Harambee to CDF Country

Chapter Five

The NG-CDF
Structure

Memoir
NGCDF
National Government Constituencies Development Fund

Two Decades of Progress

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 63

 Chapter Five | The NG-CDF Structure

T
he National Government Constituencies The law specifies the amount that must be allocated
Development Fund (NG-CDF) was to this important Fund under Article 218 of the
established under Section 4 of the NG-CDF Constitution. 2.5 per cent is extracted from the portion
Act 2015 and replaced the Constituency set aside for the national government for the NG-CDF.
Development Fund of 2003, which had been As revenue collection increases, so does the Fund.
declared unconstitutional by the Courts. The NG-
CDF dedicates a minimum of 2.5 per cent of the The object of the Fund is to “provide for the
National Government’s share of annual revenue as participation of the people in the determination and
per Article 218 of the Constitution. implementation of identified national government
development projects at the constituency level.”
The purpose of the Fund is to support development More so, it helps to facilitate “the performance and
across the country and to give the people at the implementation of national government functions
grassroots level a chance to determine their destiny in all parts of the Republic” and “provide for the
by prioritising their needs. sustainable development of all parts” of the country. It
also provides mechanisms for fund management and
oversight by the National Assembly.

The Fund is managed by the NG-CDF Board, which is a Body Corporate established through the NG-CDF Act and
comprises of the Board of Directors and Secretariat at the National level. At the constituency level, the day-to-day
management of the Fund is vested on the National Government Constituency Development Fund Committees that
are in place in each of the 290 constituencies countrywide.

The Administrative and Oversight structure of the Fund is as provided below.

NG-CDF ADMINISTRATIVE
STRUCTURE

NATIONAL CONSTITUENCY
LEVEL LEVEL

THE CABINET SECRETARY

MINISTRY RESPONSIBLE FOR
NATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY AND
PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
THE NATIONAL FUND ACCOUNT PROJECT
GOVERNMENT MANAGER MANAGEMENT
COSTITUENCIES COMMITTEE
DEVELOPMENT (PMC)
THE NATIONAL
FUND
GOVERNMENT
COMMITTEES
COSTITUENCIES
DEVELOPMENT
FUND BOARD

64 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

 NG-CDF OVERSIGHT
STRUCTURE

NATIONAL CONSTITUENCY
LEVEL LEVEL

PARLIAMENT

MEMBER OF COMMUNITY
NATIONAL
ASSEMBLY

THE NATIONAL SENATE

ASSEMBLY

NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
SELECT COMMITTEE

THE NATIONAL ASSEMBY

DECENTRALIZED FUNDS
COMMITTEE

THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY

COMMITTEE ON
IMPLEMENTATION

THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY

DEPARTMENTAL
COMMITTEE ON FINANCE
AND PLANNING

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 65

 Chapter Five | The NG-CDF Structure

Role of Cabinet Secretary Role of National Assembly Select Committee

(NASC) on NG-CDF
The Fund is vested in the Cabinet Secretary for the
The National time being responsible for matters relating to national i. It oversees the implementation of the Act, in
Assembly which economic policy and planning and development. The which case, every two years the committee
constitutes the specific role of the Cabinet Secretary in the running of submits a report to the National Assembly and
elected Members the NG-CDF includes: - where necessary, proposes any amendments
of Parliament from to the Act with respect to the quantum of funds
290 constituencies, i. Budgetary allocation to the Fund; payable into the Fund in accordance with section
47 county woman 4 of the Act;
representatives and ii. Approval of NG-CDF Board annual budget with
nominated members. the concurrence of the National Assembly Select ii. It also oversees the policy framework and
The NG-CDF is Committee on NG-CDF; legislative matters that may arise in relation to
allocated to 290 the Fund;
constituencies. iii. Policy Direction to the Board in management of the
Fund; iii. It continually reviews the framework set out for
the efficient delivery of development programmes
iv. Appointment of Members of the NG-CDF Board in financed through the Fund;
accordance with the recommendations of the Public
Service Commission and with the approval of the iv. Finally, it considers and reports to the National
National Assembly; Assembly, with recommendations, names of
persons required to be approved by the National
v. Appointment of Chief Executive Officer of the Board Assembly under the Act.
with approval of National Assembly; and
Role of the Decentralised Funds Account
vi. Approval of NG-CDF Board Principal Structure. Committee of the National Assembly

Role of National Assembly To receive and examine Auditor General’s Reports

on the National Government Constituencies
The National Assembly which constitutes the elected Development Fund (NG-CDF) and the National
Members of Parliament from 290 constituencies, 47 Government Affirmative Action Fund (NGAAF) and
county woman representatives and nominated members. report to the National Assembly.
The NG-CDF is allocated to 290 constituencies. The
role of parliament and the individual elected members The Board:
of parliament in operations of NF-CDF include;
The administration of the NG-CDF is left to the Board
i. Approval of financial allocations to the Fund; of Directors, consisting of the principal secretary
in the Ministry responsible for national economic
ii. Receiving budget ceiling for each constituency policy and planning or a designated alternate,
as determined by the Board with concurrence of the principal secretary in the Ministry of Finance,
the NASC pursuant to Section 6 and 34 of the Act; or a designated alternate, the Attorney-General or
It approves the names of persons proposed for a designated alternate, the principal secretary in
appointment as members of the NASC; Board of the Ministry of Education or a designated alternate.
Directors of the NG-CDF Board, the NG-CDFC and Seven other persons, three of whom shall be of the
the Chief Executive Officer of the Board opposite gender, and at least one shall be a person
with a disability. These persons should be qualified
iii. It reviews the Auditor General’s report on NG-CDF in finance, accounting, and engineering matters.
through relevant oversight committees; Others are economics, community development,
public affairs, project management, education,
iv. It approves draft NG-CDF regulations before security, and law. The Cabinet Secretary appoints
gazettement; them with the approval of the National Assembly.
The NG-CDF Chief executive officer is an ex-officio
v. It regularly reviews legislative Framework for the member of the Board and has no right to vote.
Fund.

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Functions and Powers of the Board To attract the right person, the Act restricted this
position to a degree holder in finance, accounting,
The Board’s role is to ensure timely and efficient engineering, economics, community development,
disbursement of funds to every Constituency and law, or a related field from a recognised university.
efficient management of the Fund. It is also charged The person must have at least ten years’ working Usually, the amount
with scrutinising project proposals submitted from experience in the relevant field and serve in a senior set aside for the fund
various constituencies and approving funding for management position for at least five years. is divided among
those proposals that meet the criteria for funding constituencies by the
as per the NG-CDF Act. The CEO is responsible for the day-to-day Board. This starts,
Management of the affairs and staff of the Board first, by setting
The Board coordinates the projects’ implementation. It and serves for three years, renewable once. aside money for the
is also mandated to receive and address complaints that administration of the
may arise from implementing the Act. In doing so, the Secretary to the Board Fund.
Board is asked to encourage best practices in project
implementation and administer the funds efficiently. The Act also creates the position of a secretary to
the Board responsible for arranging the business
One of the Board’s powers is to “make legitimate of the Board’s meetings and keeping records of the
disbursement” and receive and discuss annual proceedings.
reports and returns.
Managing the Fund
National Assembly Select Committee
The expenditure for running the Board is set aside
This Committee is established under Section 50 and at the beginning of the financial year, and at most,
consists of a chairperson and up to eighteen other five per cent of the total allocation to the Fund in
members of the National Assembly. In appointing the financial year may be used for this purpose. The
members of this Committee, the national assembly Cabinet Secretary approves the annual budget with
ensures proportionate representation of the the concurrence of the National Assembly Committee.
Parliamentary political parties.
The Board also determines what portion goes to
The role of this Committee, whose members’ term each Constituency. The Board’s first task is to set
of office is renewable for three years, is to oversee aside money for the administration of the Fund.
the implementation of the NG-CDF Act and report
to the National Assembly every two years. It is also Usually, the amount set aside for the fund is divided
responsible for proposing any amendments to the among constituencies by the Board. This starts, first, by
Act, particularly concerning the quantum of funds setting aside money for the administration of the Fund.
repayable into the Fund per section 4 of the Act. That is set aside for the national Board. The remaining
More so, it has to oversee the policy framework and amount, which can be at least 95 per cent of the allocated
legislative matters that may arise concerning the funds, is then shared with constituencies in a formula
Fund; continually review the framework set out for determined by the law. Specifically, Section 6 of the NG-
the efficient delivery of development programmes CDF Act empowers the National Government- CDF
financed through the Fund; consider and report Board to determine a budget list for each Constituency
to the National Assembly with recommendations, in line with or in a manner set aside in Section 34 of
names of persons required to be approved by the the Act. Section 34 clearly states that 75 per cent of the
National Assembly under the Act; and to carry out portion set aside to constituencies is shared by each
any other functions relevant to the work of the Fund. Constituency or at equal proportion. The remaining
25 per cent is shared with constituencies based on
The Chief Executive Officer the number of political wards, as determined by the
Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission.
The Act has provided for the appointment of a Chief
executive officer of the Board, who is recruited Public Participation and Funding
by the Board through a competitive process and
recommendations made to the Cabinet Secretary In line with constitutional provision, which
for appointment, with the approval of the National emphasises public participation, the amount
Assembly. allocated to each Constituency is subjected to

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 Chapter Five | The NG-CDF Structure

public views. The law requires that the chairman of able to give technical assessments to ensure that the
the Constituency Committee in every Constituency contractor is paid based on the work done. The same
must call for open public forums in every Ward department will ensure the project is implemented
The keyword in the in the Constituency to seek public views on the to the quality level and standards the government
funded projects is needs. Through these forums, the Committee can prescribes.”
sustainability – and determine the project proposal that can be funded
the community with the resources allocated to the Constituency by The keyword in the funded projects is sustainability
plays a significant the Board. And in the subsequent years, the same – and the community plays a significant role in the
role in the project’s views would be used to generate constituency project project’s success. “This happens to all projects. This
success. “This proposals for subsequent years. After every two is because all projects fall under various departments
happens to all years, the chairman of the Constituency Committee of the government. The reason why the Act foresees
projects. This is must again open public forums to seek Wananchi’s that the communities themselves implement the
because all projects views on the funded project and determine its impact projects is to ensure sustainability because ultimately
fall under various on them. It is not the work of the Board to determine the fund finances capital expenditures, and capital
departments of the where the funds are dedicated to. Instead, it is the costs for the projects. But the recurrent costs of
government. wananchi who say what they want. Most of the NG- projects are taken over by the community itself or
CDF allocations go to the education sector, meaning the relevant government agencies where the project
that it is the sector that the communities want to falls,” says Mbuno.
prioritise. “Statistics show that up to 83 per cent of
the funds we have allocated to Constituency for the Committees of the Board
last five years have gone to education, says the NG-
CDF CEO, Yusuf Mbuno. “Another approximately 7 per To effectively administrate the Fund, the Board is
cent has gone to security. So, if you look at the two mandated to form various Committees.
sectors, they consume 90 per cent. It is correct that
NG-CDF is an education and security fund; the rest Audit Committee: The NG-CDF Internal Audit
of the priorities take only 10% of the total amount.” Department reports to the Board through this
Committee. The Committee provides an avenue
The Board, the Proposals and Project Sustainability of communication between the Internal Audit, the
External Auditors, and the Board, making it an
After the constituency Committee submits its essential organ of the Fund. The Committee also
proposal, the Board reviews it further and approves checks the internal control systems and conducts
it for funding based on the criteria determined by the investigations within its scope. The other important
law. Chief among those criteria is that those projects role of the Committee is to ensure that high audit
must meet the eligibility criteria for funding under the standards are maintained within the Fund.
Act as specified in Section 24. However, they also look
at other standards in terms of project management. Finance, Human Resource & Administration
The most important is the project’s sustainability and Committee
the community’s role in sustaining the project.
This Committee brings together three divisions
“What happens is that when we have funds, the actual of the Fund: Finance, Human Resources and
implementation of the projects is the responsibility of Administration. The Committee is mandated to
the community itself; the same community that came review the financial needs of the Fund and monitor
up with the project ideas must elect a Committee to and review the institution’s performance against
leadership in the implementation of the project, says financial benchmarks established by the Board in
Yusuf Mbuno, the NGCDF CEO. “So, for every project, compliance with statutory requirements. It is also the
there is a project management committee. However, responsibility of this Committee to advise the Board
this is co-opted from the community, and this project on the institution’s annual budget and authorise,
management committee implements projects every year, the expenditure against the Corporation’s
assisted by the relevant technical department of annual work plan developed in accordance with
government. That means for a construction project, the projections of the yearly performance contract.
the government department responsible for matters Another function of this Committee is to review the
of public works will be called upon to go and assist quarterly performance and reports – and later advise
that community in terms of project planning and the Board. It is also the mandate of the Committee
terms of monitoring project implementation and be to review and recommend financial policies and

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Chapter Five | The NG-CDF Structure

procedures formulated by the Management for the On Corporate Planning and Strategy (CPS), the
approval of the Board. More so, it recommends to Committee ensures that a performance system linked
the Board, for approval, estimates of the income and to the Corporation’s mandate and aligned to national
expenditure of the Organization for the subsequent development plans and sector performance standards
financial year. Finally, it reviews the quarterly, annual, is in place. It also vets all the institution’s work plans On Corporate
and other statutory financial estimates and statements and evaluates the institution’s annual performance Communication, the
and recommends their forwarding to the National contract. Committee seeks
Assembly and the Treasury. to boost public
On Risk, the Committee ensures that Enterprise awareness on NG-
In the Human Resources & Administration function, Risk Management (ERM) processes and culture are CDF and enhance
the Committee is charged with considering reports on integrated into the organisation to mitigate against positive NG-CDF
the recruitment of staff, and when necessary, it vets possible hazards. It also ensures that NG-CDF has image by routinely
candidates – especially the heads of departments. It a policy on risk management and a risk management updating the public
is also the work of this Committee to recommend to framework. It reviews, monitors, and interrogates on the activities of
the Board the renewal of contracts for employees, the risk reports before forwarding them to the Board NG-CDF vis-à-vis its
approval of training plans and capacity building for for adoption. The other function of the Committee is set objectives.
staff. It also considers the management reports to escalate any critical risks to the Board and make
on disciplinary matters and makes the appropriate appropriate recommendations.
reports to the Board for action. The Committee
also makes recommendations to the Board on the Governance, Complaints and Publicity Committee
appointment of the Corporation’s senior officers and
makes appropriate recommendations on governance Lastly, there is the Governance, Complaints and
matters affecting the Board. Publicity Committee. This incorporates the legal
division, Corporate Communications and ICT. The role
Procurement Committee of this Committee is to review and make appropriate
recommendations on all governance matters affecting
The role of the Procurement Committee is to consider the Corporation. Secondly, it addresses complaints
and recommend to the Board approval of the Annual that may arise from the implementation of the Act. It
Procurement Plan. This could also include the also analyses complaints from the public, media, and
procurement and asset disposal plans. The other role other NG-CDF stakeholders and makes appropriate
is to monitor the maintenance of a proper inventory recommendations for the BBoard. This Committee
and advise of any important capacity-building strategy also must resolve emerging disputes from the
on procurement. constituencies and advise the Board accordingly.

Programs, Risk and Performance Management On Corporate Communication, the Committee seeks
Committee to boost public awareness on NG-CDF and enhance
positive NG-CDF image by routinely updating the
There are three departments/divisions that report to the public on the activities of NG-CDF vis-à-vis its set
Board through this Committee. They are the Programs objectives. It also positions the NG-CDF Board as a
and Field Coordination Department, Corporate Planning reliable source of information on Constituencies or
and Strategy, and Risk Management. national development matters. The Committee reviews
and makes recommendations to the Board on NG-
The purpose of this Committee is to consider project CDF communications needs and priorities through
proposals submitted from various constituencies by appropriate consultation. It also assesses the delivery
the Act and recommend them to the Board for approval of communications periodically against the needs and/
and funding. It is also the mandate of this Committee or expectations of the NG-CDF Board.
to monitor projects, deliberate on findings and table
reports and recommendations to the Board. As the On the Information Communication Technology
Committee is concerned with projects administered (ICT), the Committee approves and monitors the
at the Constituencies, the work of this Committee is Corporation’s ICT policies and practices to ensure that
important. It recommends to the Board the issuance of they continue to remain effective and accurate. It is
policy guidelines to constituencies on pertinent project also the mandate of this Committee to ensure that
matters. Finally, it recommends capacity building for NG-CDF is up to date on technology.
NG-CDF and other stakeholders to the Board.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 69

 Chapter Five | The NG-CDF Structure

Question and Answer with Yusuf Mbuno,

NG-CDF Chief Executive Officer
Fund. So, there is a good accountability framework
to ensure that those funds are properly managed.

At the Board itself, we don’t wait for the auditors. We

have a revamped monitoring evaluation mechanism
that ensures that every quarter, we submit the
implementation status to the Board. These are
analysed, and discussed, and we take collective
measures in time to ensure that the development
goals for which these funds are allocated are realised.

Contrary to the posts you read from various

quarters, over 80 per cent of NG-CDF funds are
correctly used. Suppose you read the Auditor
General’s report, which is released annually. In that
case, I’m proud to say that the NG-CDF report from
the auditors has been in the first two categories
[Unqualified and Qualified]. Recently, the auditor’s
How is the Fund accounted for? reports have been on the unqualified side of opinion.
That is to say that accountability on the Fund has
NG-CDF is a fund with a perfect framework and an been improving occasionally.
inbuilt mechanism for accountability. Our internal
audit department on the Board conducts audits of How do you supervise the projects?
various constituencies to ensure the funds are used
properly. The Board makes use of the audit of the Through our monitoring and evaluation framework,
report to make decisions, and if there are cases, we get quarterly reports the Board releases. With
then we work with other government agencies these, we can know where we are and what actions
like the police and EACC, who take action against must be taken. We also have a comprehensive
anybody who misuses the funds. Like any other framework whereby we identify risks and loopholes
fund, NG-CDF is audited by the Auditor General. At across all constituencies. We have adopted a risk-
At the Board itself, the end of any financial year, the Board prepares based audit. The audit from our internal auditors are
we don’t wait for the 290 financial reports for each Constituency, and we tabled before the Board on how our constituencies
auditors. We have a submit them to the Auditor General to be able to are implementing the program, and how they are
revamped monitoring audit each Constituency independently and submit continuously and proactively managing the results
evaluation each report to the National Assembly. In addition, to ensure the funds are accounted for. Within the
mechanism that the Board prepares two more reports for the national monitoring and evaluation plan, the Board visits
ensures that every Board account, one for the Board’s account and the the constituencies, samples the projects, assures
quarter, we submit second for the entire Fund, which is submitted to itself about the pace of implementation and the
the implementation the Auditor General to ensure proper accountability. status of the projects and gives advice on what
status to the Board. collective action needs to be taken to improve the
These reports ensure that each Constituency Management of the Fund.
is held accountable for proper fund usage.
Where Parliament requires clarification from What is the relationship between the Fund and the MP?
a constituency, it is called to appear before
the Parliamentary Committee. We have the The MP is a crucial part of the Fund since the
parliamentary Committee that looks at the NG-CDF budget-making process is made in Parliament,
accounts and the Centralized Funds Committee. which allocates money to the Fund. This money falls
Its focus is on the Auditor General’s report from within a state department, first within a Ministry—
the NG-CDF and National Government Affirmative National Treasury and Economic Planning—and

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Chapter Five | The NG-CDF Structure

is budgeted under the Department of Economic The Challenges that Face NG-CDF
Planning. So, when Parliament appropriates funds
to the state Department of Economic Planning, it One of the biggest challenges that the NG-CDF
also allocates funds to this Fund. That’s the first has faced over the years is on its legality – and the
role of the Member of Parliament on the Fund. place of the Fund within the separation of powers. One of the biggest
Thus, the operation of the National Government challenges that the
The next role is in terms of oversight. The National Constituencies Development Fund has been NG-CDF has faced
Assembly has an oversight role, and in every adversely affected by litigation in which the Board over the years is on
Constituency the Member of Parliament receives is either sued directly or enjoined in suits targeting its legality – and the
views from Mwananchi about how the Fund is NG-CDF committees at the constituency level. The place of the Fund
operating and any area they want corrected or other challenges are: within the separation
improved. of powers.
Cases of adverse publicity which in many
We have two committees in every Constituency. The occasions have dented the image of the Fund;
first is the Constituency Development Committee,
whose members are drawn from the community. Limited resources to accommodate many and
That’s the Committee that identifies project diverse constituency demands;
proposals, receives views from wananchi and
then oversees implementation. The MP doesn’t Addressing incomplete projects falling within
seat in that NG-CDF Committee in charge of devolved functions, yet ineligible for funding under
implementation. The second is the Constituency NG- the existing Act, poses a significant challenge for
CDF oversight Committee which gets information the Fund;
from various NG-CDF stakeholders and uses that
information to inform the oversight work of the MP. Meeting the disbursement needs to the Fund
As I said, these funds are audited by the Auditor when revenue performance is low;
General, who reports to the National Assembly, so
MPs, through various Committees, oversight the Inadequate capacity at community level to maintain
Fund by discussing the Auditor General’s report adequate records for effective performance of the Fund.
when tabled in Parliament.
Duplication efforts by various players at the
Therefore, the MPs play their role as per the constituency level e.g various parties offer
constitution, that is, legislation which includes bursary to students in a constituency – Wings to
appropriation, oversight, and representation. Fly, Ministry of Education, County government
Because they represent the people having been among others.
elected by them so, when the people give views in
terms of how to improve the funds, the MP gets those Inadequacy of government technical officers at
views as their representative and tables them in constituency – the unique model by NG-CDF is buoyed
Parliament, and the views can finally find themselves by minimal administrative cost since implementation
in the policy framework, including legislation. of projects depend on other government technical
officers e.g. county officers of works. However, with
So, there is a clear division between the time and the increase of administrative units, the
implementation role that the executive does through number of these officers has reduced affecting
the PS Economic Planning, which supervises the implementation of NG-CDF projects.
national Board which gets mandates to approve
proposals and follow up on those proposals to ensure Insecurity is some parts of the country have
the proposals are implemented. At lower levels, we affected implementation especially in the far-
work with NG-CDF Development Committee in every flung areas
Constituency and Project Management Committee.
And then there is the Oversight role, which starts
from the Constituency Oversight Committee and
goes all the way to reporting in the Parliament.
There is a framework that ensures separation of
powers as envisioned in the Constitution of Kenya.

***

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 71

 Chapter Five | The NG-CDF Structure

What The Government is Doing to Address the Assembly Select Committee on NG-CDF have been
Challenges engaging the Council of Governors with a view to
prevail upon County Governments to take over the
Legal Challenges: The Board has continued to incomplete projects, finance their implementation
Assembly Select conduct public awareness on the importance of to completion and put them into operation;
Committee on the Fund to minimise litigation cases, and prompt
NG-CDF have been engagement of legal services to enable effective Meeting the disbursement needs:- cases of delay in
engaging the Council defence in court suits. release of funds are a temporary situation occasioned
of Governors with a by revenue performance. The National Treasury is
view to prevail upon Cases of adverse publicity: the Board has stepped coordinating implementation of strategies towards
County Governments up corporate communication through mass and revamping of the economy which is expected to
to take over the social media campaigns as well as community improve revenue generation. In the meantime,
incomplete projects, meetings to create awareness of the Fund; Treasury has negotiated with National Assembly
finance their Select Committee on NG-CDF on a disbursements
implementation to Limited resource:- Board is building capacity of plan that accommodate funding needs of various
completion and put constituencies in terms of prioritising community government priorities; In this regard, the Treasury
them into operation. needs. In this case Board has guided constituencies is implementing a Disbursement plan of Ksh 10
to prepare strategic plans to guide on better million monthly to ensure that the Fund continues
allocation of funds; supporting community-based project.

Incomplete projects falling under devolved Inadequate capacity at community level:- the Board
functions:- Since the enactment of the NG-CDF has stepped up capacity building of committee
Act of 2015, the Fund cannot finance projects members at the constituency (NG-CDFCs) and Project
falling under devolved functions. To facilitate management committees at the community level. The
completion of pending projects falling within the trainings are supported by technical officers of the
County Government functions which were initiated relevant ministries, such as the National Government
before coming into force of the NG-CDF Act 2015, Sub-county Accountants, Sub County Supply Chain
the Board is in consultation with The National Management Officers, Sub County Directors of
Treasury and Economic Planning and National Education and Sub County Works Officers.

A newly built
educational complex
at Karapul Primary
School. The project
is funded by the
National Government
Constituency
Development Fund
JULY 2022.

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Chapter Five | The NG-CDF Structure

DP William Ruto
accompanied by the
Laikipia Governor
Hon. Joshua Irungu
during the opening
of the Laikipia West
CDF Office OCT 2026.

DP WILLIAM RUTO
Commissions CDF
funded Mukurwe-ini
Technical Institute
in Nyeri county April
2015.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 73

 Chapter Five | The NG-CDF Structure

CDF Borehole water project in mumias.

74 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

 Chapter Five | The NG-CDF Structure

Kisumu West MP
Olago Aluoch leads
his constituents on
a walk at Kambui-
Konoka newly built
bridge funded by CDF
JULY 2014.

Mahua Police post in Laikipia West that was built by CDF in 2007. The parents and students of Buchenya Girls’ Secondary School celebrated when the new bus funde
by the Butere Constituency Development Fund (CDF)was delivered to the school on January 2020.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 75

 Chapter Six

The Projects

Memoir
NGCDF
National Government Constituencies Development Fund

Two Decades of Progress

76 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Six | The Projects

Education across the country and improved infrastructure in

14 pre-existing KMTC campuses. This has improved Students of Shadrack
Kimalel Mixed
As a community empowerment fund, the NG-CDF access to college education and contributed to an
Secondary School in one
has over the last two decades contributed to the expanded health workforce.
of the new classrooms
development of the education by aiding students that was constructed by
and expanding learning infrastructure. Access to In terms of Technical Training Institutes (TTI`s), Kibra CDF JAN 2016.
education is one of the basic human rights, and the NG-CDF in partnership with the Ministry of
Kenya has signed various protocol and subscribes Education has contributed towards construction of
to various international protocols such as Education at least 155 Technical Training Institutes. It has also
for All (EFA) in Jomtien, Thailand 1990 and the upgraded the existing ones and this has enabled
World Education Forum in Dakar, Senegal, 2000. the students to access education and support the
Since then, the Kenya Government in her Education economic development. Many of the TVET graduates
Sector Strategic Plan and Sessional Paper No. got to self-employment and they generate jobs for
1 of 2005 has articulated how to attain goals for the unemployed.
education. The NG-CDF has contributed towards
achieving these goals. of these graduands in TVET institutions are able
to enter into self-employment and be able to meet
Over the last five years alone, it has managed to the community needs and be able to generate
finance the construction of 25, 000 new classrooms employment by themselves. And this one they can
across the country meaning that it has housed more contribute to the big concern we have in the country
than one million students in schools. It has also in terms of unemployment. Over the last five
built 1,400 laboratories in the last five years alone. years alone, it has
Besides that, it has construct 3,300 administration But the most important aspect of the NGCDF managed to finance
block in the last five years alone. The Fund has contribution is the awarding of bursaries to the construction
also built dining halls, laboratories, and sanitary students joining these institutions. Whenever there of 25, 000 new
facilities which are equally important. is a bursary disbursement, the list of recipients classrooms across
is at the constituency level and the chiefs’ offices the country meaning
At the tertiary level, the NG-CDF has constructed a so that members of the public can see the name that it has housed
number of Kenya Medical Training College (KMTC) of the beneficiaries, the location and sub-location more than one
campuses across the country. It has supported the they come from and the school they attend as a million students in
KMTCs by building lecture halls, and administration way of remaining accountable to the public on how schools.
blocks. n total, it has started 61 new campuses bursaries are disbursed.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 77

 Chapter Six | The Projects

Case Study Olashapani Girls Secondary School, Narok

South Constituency

O
lashapani Girls Secondary School, located in mean score of 5.3, with eight students managed to get
Narok South Constituency, was established C+(Plus) and above and secured themselves a place in
through community efforts to address the the university. By supporting this school with adequate
need for a girls’ secondary school. It evolved from facilities NG-CDF Board has created a good conducive
Olashampani Primary School, initially spanning environment for the student to learn with ease.
36 acres, which was divided via public agreement
into 12 acres for the primary school, 14 acres for Analysis of Change: The investment by the NG-
the secondary school, and 6 acres for a polytechnic. CDF Board in Olashapani Girls Secondary School
Starting with two classrooms funded by the NG- has significantly enhanced educational access for
CDF in Narok South, it opened in February 2017 with
an initial enrollment of 28 girls. As of March 2024,
the school boasts 896 boarders, with 23 teachers,
including 6 from the Teachers Service Commission
(TSC) and 17 Board of Management (BoM) staff..

Situation Prior to NG-CDF interventions: Prior to

the establishment of Olashampani Girls Secondary
School through NG-CDF interventions, most local
students attended either Masai Girls Secondary
School, located 13 kilometers away, or St. Mary’s
Secondary School, roughly 40 kilometers distant.
The long commutes were costly and burdensome for
parents. The primary motivation for building a local
girls’ school was the absence of such an institution
in the area, despite the presence of two boys’ high
schools. Additional concerns included high rates of
early marriage and school dropouts; in its early days,
the school played a significant role in rescuing many
girls from early marriages. The financial burden of
transportation also posed a significant challenge, as
students incurred considerable expenses traveling
to their respective schools.

Specific Support and interventions by NG-CDF: The

NG-CDF, Narok South has invested a total of KES
22.7 million in Olashapani Girls Secondary School,
funded the construction of 3 classrooms, one staff
house, 4 pit latrines, a 96 capacity dormitory and a
dining hall. Changes and Transformations Realised:
Establishment of the school has provided access to
quality education for girls in the area, reducing the
distance they had to travel to attend school from 13-
40 kilometers to a more manageable distance. The
school has also contributed to the reduction of early
marriages and school dropouts in the area, rescuing
a significant number of girls from these challenges.
The school has been improving academically. In the
2023 KCSE results, the school managed to get a

78 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Six | The Projects

local girls and spurred community development in Lessons and recommendations: The case of
the area. The presence of the school has boosted Olashapani Girls Secondary School highlights
local economy due to increased business activities. the importance of prioritizing girls’ education in
Academically, the school has shown remarkable marginalized communities and the role of the
results, with eight students gaining university NG-CDF in promoting gender equity in access to The presence of the
placements from the 2023 KCSE examinations. The education. Additional facilities such as computer school has boosted
school also serves as a community hub, hosting local rooms, twin laboratories, dormitories, and more local economy
events like weddings, elections pooling station, and classrooms would accommodate the growing due to increased
football tournaments. It also provides employment student population. The school should also business activities.
opportunities for the community, hiring residents focus on strengthening partnerships with the Academically, the
for positions of BOM teachers as well as casual community and other stakeholders to ensure school has shown
roles including cooks, gatekeepers, construction the long-term success of its girls’ education remarkable results,
workers, farm attendants, and cleaners. initiatives. with eight students
gaining university
placements from
the 2023 KCSE
examinations.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 79

 Chapter Six | The Projects

Komarock South Primary School,

Case Study
NG-CDF Embakasi Central
Changes and Transformations Realized:
Establishment of Komarock South Primary School
has significantly expanded access to education
in Embakasi Central, providing learners with an
facility that can accommodate the growing demand
for quality education in the area. The school’s
current enrolment stands at 4,150 learners, with
48 teachers (40 from TSC and 8 from the board
of members). The school’s success has alleviated
the pressure on neighboring schools, which were
already congested and understaffed.

Analysis of Change: Since its inception, Komarock

South Primary School has quickly established itself
as a center of excellence, achieving the top position
in the Embakasi Central sub-county during the
2023 KCPE examinations in its first appearance.
This success underscores the school’s impact,
contributing significantly to the community by
boosting local school attendance. The school now
serves a student population of 4,150, which has
not only created educational opportunities but
also employment for local residents during and
Background and NG-CDF Interventions: Komarock post-construction. The school has spurred the
South Primary School, established on September 26, growth of nearby businesses and improved local
2022, and officially commissioned by the President infrastructure, including enhanced water access.
on October 12, 2022, represents a significant These developments have fostered a strong sense of
development in educational infrastructure. The ownership and pride among community members,
project, entirely funded by the NG-CDF Embakasi further solidifying the school’s role as a pivotal
The school has Central, cost KES 126 million, supplemented by an community asset.
spurred the growth additional KES 20 million donation from President
of nearby businesses William Ruto during its commissioning. This Lessons and Recommendations: NG-CDF has had
and improved local funding enabled the construction of 42 classrooms, a hand in decongesting schools in densely populated
infrastructure, 3 offices, 72 toilets, and a disability-friendly ramp urban areas. The school’s success highlights the
including enhanced with 6 toilets for learners with disabilities. importance of collaboration between the NG-
water access. These CDF, school management, and the community in
developments have Prior to the school’s establishment, the local identifying and addressing the most pressing needs
fostered a strong community faced significant challenges in of educational institutions. To further enhance
sense of ownership education. Children had to attend overcrowded and the school’s effectiveness and sustainability, it
and pride among distant schools in neighboring areas, which were is recommended that the NG-CDF supports the
community members, not only understaffed but also ill-equipped to handle completion of the upper first floor of the school
further solidifying the growing demand for educational services. The to accommodate the increasing enrolment. The
the school’s role as new school has addressed these issues, providing addition of more classrooms, a digital library, and
a pivotal community local access to a well-resourced educational facility other facilities will not only benefit the school but
asset. and alleviating the burden on neighboring schools. also Embakasi Central community.

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Special Projects:
Dagoretti Kitchen – Food for Education
Project by NG-CDF Dagoretti South
Background: Dagoretti South NG-CDF established learners as a determinant of improved education
the Dagoretti Kitchen in the 2019/2020 FY at a cost of learners from disadvantaged backgrounds.
of KES 7 million to address the problems of school By providing daily meals, the project has not
attendance, absenteeism, and nutritional deficiencies only improved educational outcomes but also
among primary and secondary school children in the contributed to the overall health and well-being of
constituency. The project started with 4 jikos in 2020, the beneficiary students, eased cost to households,
which have increased to 12 jikos in 2024. created employment opportunities for community
members working in the kitchen and supported a
Changes and Transformation Realized: the chain of local suppliers.
Dagoretti Kitchen project serves 16,500 meals/
hot lunches daily to 16,500 learners across 17 Although the evaluation did not collect specific
primary and 5 secondary schools (14 public and 3 impact data due to time constraints, by providing
low-cost private schools) in informal settlements daily nutritious meals, the project has had
of Dagoretti constituency. The project has reduced a profound impact on several aspects of the
school drop-out rates, increased discipline, regular community and the educational system as revealed
attendance, and school enrolment across the 22 in the discussions with Kitchen Management and
beneficiary schools. The balanced meals have also community members.
led to a marked improvement in school health,
participation trends, and learning achievement. a) Impact on Learners. The provision of daily meals
These are witnessed through reduced number of has directly impacted learners by addressing
children seeking medical services. their immediate nutritional needs, which is a
critical factor in their cognitive and physical
Analysis of Change: This is a project directly development. Learners are seen to exhibit
targeting addressing the nutritional needs of increased concentration in schools, have high

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 Chapter Six | The Projects

Special Projects: energy levels, contributing to better academic

performance. The consistent access to healthy
meals has ensured that students are engaged
and active participants in their education, which
has led to improved grades and higher retention
rates in all 22 schools served. Furthermore,
the alleviation of hunger has helped reduce
absenteeism, as learners are motivated to attend
school regularly to receive meals.

b) Impact on Families. For the families of these

learners, the project eased the financial burden
of providing daily meals. Parents no longer
pack meals for their children, which by the
time of lunch were cold. As parents said, many
households in the constituency, already strained
by economic challenges, have found significant
relief in knowing their children receive a
dependable and nutritious meal at school. This
support has helped families allocate their limited
resources to other essential needs. Most of
these families come from low-income areas; the
Kitchen project has created time for them to do
their market groceries.
the overall quality of education by ensuring that
c) Impact on the Community. Dagoretti Kitchen students are well-fed and ready to learn. It was said
project also had a broader impact on the that the 22 schools that participate in the Dagoretti
community. It has created employment Kitchen project often report a more vibrant and
opportunities to cooks and other workers dynamic learning environment, with students
directly working in the Kitchen, food supply showing greater enthusiasm and participation in
chains, thus helping boost the local economy. class activities.
Community members employed in the kitchen
have gained stable income and developed skills Lessons and recommendations: The Dagoretti
in food preparation and nutrition, enhancing Kitchen project highlights the approach to address
their employability. Moreover, the project has the multifaceted challenges facing learners in
supported a chain of local suppliers, creating informal settlements. This approach has been
demand for locally produced goods, which has adopted by the Nairobi City County which is
helped sustain and grow small businesses establishing 10 Kitchens are located in Dagoretti
within the community. This economic stimulation North, Embakasi Central, Embakasi South,
contributes to the overall vitality and resilience of Kasarani, Kibra, Makadara, Starehe, Roysambu,
the local area. Ruaraka, and Westlands sub-counties. This will
significantly address learning challenges in these
The Dagoretti Kitchen project funded by the NG- constituencies, mostly the enrolment, retention and
CDF is a comprehensive initiative that not only transition.
addresses the nutritional needs of students
but also supports their families, stimulates the On the other hand, the provision of meals in schools
local economy, and strengthens the educational can lead to overcrowding, which the programme
system. Through this holistic approach, the which the constituencies can addresses by
project fosters an environment where students enhancing the infrastructure and resources to
can thrive academically and personally, ultimately accommodate growing student numbers.
contributing to the long-term development of the
Dagoretti constituency. The project has enhanced

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Medical Training Colleges:

Kangema MTC (KMTC Campus),
NG-CDF Kangema
Background: The Kangema Kenya Medical Lessons and Recommendations: The Kangema
Training College (KMTC) project was initiated in KMTC case study underscores the potential of
2018 with support from NG-CDF. The construction targeted investments in healthcare education to
of the college was completed in 2023, and student drive positive change and development. To maximize
enrolment is currently ongoing, marking a the impact of such initiatives, stakeholders
significant milestone in the provision of healthcare should work together to ensure the sustainable
education in the region. operation and growth of the institution. This can
include developing strategic partnerships with
Changes and Transformations: The establishment healthcare facilities, industry stakeholders, and
of Kangema KMTC has opened up new opportunities other educational institutions to provide students
for aspiring healthcare professionals in the area, with practical training opportunities and exposure
providing them with access to quality training to real-world challenges. Investing in continuous
and education. The facilities and comprehensive quality improvement, research, and innovation
curriculum offered by the college are expected to can also help the college stay at the forefront of
contribute to the development of a skilled healthcare healthcare education and adapt to the evolving
workforce, enhancing the quality of healthcare needs of the sector. Without forgetting, promoting
services in the region. Similar to other colleges, the community engagement and outreach programmes
college has created employment opportunities for can help raise awareness about the college’s
teaching staff and support personnel, contributing offerings and encourage more students to pursue
to the socio-economic development of the careers in healthcare.
surrounding community.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 83

 Chapter Six | The Projects

Security that enables traders to work until very late. More

so, the residents walk freely in the streets without
The NG-CDF has supported the construction of fear of being mugged and has improved economic
the national administration facilities from the sub- activities across the constituencies.
Before the NG-CDF, county level, location up to sub-location level. So
most chiefs and their far, the Fund has constructed administration blocks Thus, the NG-CDF has also been instrumental in
assistants never had in 193 sub-counties. It has also built 2,100 Chiefs’ trying to bring about security and peace building
offices. More so, and assistant chiefs’ offices in the country. Those throughout the country through the construction
police housing was are the officers who coordinates security at the of police station, construction and equipping of
also a nightmare. grassroots level, and are crucial for development. administration offices for the national government
The Fund has not only coordination officers.
built and renovated The Fund has also supported the police department
police stations, but by enhancing their infrastructure. In the last five Before the NG-CDF, most chiefs and their assistants
also built housing years, a total of 1,100 new police posts and about never had offices. More so, police housing was
quarters for the 350 staff units have been built. This has gone the also a nightmare. The Fund has not only built and
disciplined forces. long way to enhance the security status in the renovated police stations, but also built housing
community. quarters for the disciplined forces. Some of these
are in areas once deemed remote places and others
The NG-CDF has also been used to light up slums in the major cities. On the border of Igembe North
through the high mast lights. Some of these are, and Isiolo South, the NG-CDF built a whole barrack
at times, financed in collaboration with other for the General Service Unit so as to tackle the
government agencies who work to sustain them. cattle rustling menace and border crashes in that
Statistics show that once you light up the slums, area. There are many other such success stories
the security situation improves significantly and scattered over the country.

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Case Study
Ruaraka Police Station, NG-CDF, Ruaraka
Background: Ruaraka Police Station was service provision throughout the constituency.
constructed over three financial years, between
2016 and 2020 with NG-CDF funding totalling Analysis of Change: NG-CDF’s investment in
KES33.6 million. The compound housing the police Ruaraka Police Station has demonstrated the
station is also the sub county headquarters for importance of modern security infrastructure in
Starehe sub-county serving four constituencies and enhancing community safety and building trust
serves 9 stations. Previously, police operations were between law enforcement and the public. The
divided between Pangani and Ruaraka, causing improved facilities have not only boosted the morale
inconvenience to the community. The new station of police officers but also created a more conducive
has centralized security services, bringing together environment for the public to report crimes and
various police departments under one roof. seek assistance.

NG-CDF interventions: The services were disjointed “Crime levels have gone down such as robberies
with the following services that were spread across and muggings have gone down because we have a
different locations but now centralized at the police more coordinated approach to security with all the
station. The consolidated services at the compound offices located here”,
include the full office of the police department
(OCPD) and DCI offices, the police station services, “We have contained crime within Ruaraka, Mathare
NTSA, even though traffic department are placed area because most of the services are here and
in a container tank that is located within this makes us more efficient”, Fred Abuga - OCPD
compound. The offices include even specialized (Starehe Subcounty based at Ruaraka Police Station).
workstations for police investigators. The offices
also include the spacious cells with facilities such Lessons and Recommendations: The success of
as water and sanitation rooms. Ruaraka Police Station highlights the potential of Crime levels
targeted investments by the NG-CDF in improving have gone down
Changes and Transformations: Construction of security service delivery. To further enhance such as robberies
Ruaraka Police Station has significantly improved the station’s effectiveness, the OCPD expressed and muggings
the accessibility and effectiveness of security desires for completion of additional floors, parking have gone down
services in the constituency. The centralization of facilities, and the provision of essential amenities because we have a
services has made it easier for community members such as WIFI services and furniture. Strengthening more coordinated
to access all required services in one location, partnerships between the police and the community approach to security
saving time and resources. The station’s strategic will also be crucial in sustaining the gains made with all the offices
location has also facilitated better mapping and through the NG-CDF’s intervention. located here”

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 Chapter Six | The Projects

Entrance of Mlaleo CDF health centre in

Mombasa FEB 2015

MVITA Mp who was also accompanied by

officials of his Constituency development
fund were launching a Sh.360,000 worth
water project installed at the School
compound funded from area CDF kitty.

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Chapter Six | The Projects

DP WILLIAM RUTO
OPENS NDARAGWA
CONSTITUENCY CDF
OFFICES FEB 2015

Modern playing field, Camp Toyoyo Stadium is a Makadara Secondary schools constructed with funds sourced from Laikipia North NG CDF.
Constituency Development Fund Project in Jericho estate Sirimon Laikipia Day Secondary School JUNE 2021
Nairobi JULY 2015
NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 87
 Chapter Six | The Projects

Embakasi central MP Benjamin Mwangi talks to Women and mothers in Kayole working at Komarock South Primary school construction funded by CDF.

Interior CS Prof Kithure Kindiki during the opening of Taita Sub County Police Divisional Headquarters and Wundanyi police station in Taita Taveta County.

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Chapter Six | The Projects

Migori County Woman

representative Dr
Pamela Odhiambo
on October 18, 2020
present a dummy
cheque worth Ksh 9,
154, 000 bursary to
learners in secondary
schools, Collages and
Universities.

Mvita MP Abdulswamad Shariff Nassir prepares to flag off Nyamanga Primary School in kitutu masaba in Nyamira county.
the 9th edition of the Jomvu CDF boat racing competition
at Mkupe BMU, Port Reitz Creek, Mombasa.
NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 89
 Chapter Six | The Projects

What we think of NGCDF Projects

Justus Ndamu Kitutu Jane Wanjiku Ahmed Mohamed Lamu Fatuma Ali, Ijara
Chache - Parent Nyansakia Kiharu,Murang’a County County, Lamu West constituency, Garissa
PAG Special School County
The Kiharu Masomo Bora Before the NG-CDF
The building of classes and program is a groundbreaking refurbished the Lamu The construction of
ablution block at Nyansakia program, and a true game- Medical Training College Abalatitow Girls Secondary
PAG Special School has changer for parents like me, (KMTC) in Mokowe area, it School in Kotile division
helped my child. When my as it aims to alleviate the was quite dilapidated. The of Ijara Constituency has
son Shadrack Nyamwenu financial burden of education importance of this KMTC added yet another learning
was a child, he didn’t walk. in our constituency. Under branch to the entire Lamu facility in our areas. Quality
I took him to school, but this program, we pay only West constituency cannot be education to our girls has
he could not write and a Sh1,000 per term for our overstated. The dilapidated been missing and there
teacher told me to take him children to attend day public infrastructure was barrier are few such facilities. This
here at Nyasakia Special schools within Kiharu. This to academic activities in our project will not only boost
School where NG-CDF had significant reduction in fees constituency and was not girl-child education but also
built new facilities. I am is a breath of fresh air for conducive to learning. The uplift our entire community.
therefore a beneficiary of many families struggling refurbishment of the library Further, the impact of this
NG-CDF through my son. to make ends meet. What’s block, complete with a new project goes beyond the
Initially, my son would go to even more commendable roof, doors, windows, and a classroom walls. It is a
school, and say there with is that the program covers fresh coat of paint, is today a symbol of progress and
no one teaching him. Then all 60 day schools in the welcome sight that not only opportunity, providing hope
there was no one to take constituency, benefiting both improves the aesthetics but for generations to come.
care of him while in school day scholars and students in also enhances functionality.
but now he is cared for. boarding schools. Moreover, the disbursement
NG-CDF facilities has made of scholarship funds to
the school conducive for deserving students from
learning. our constituency studying at
KMTC is a game-changer.
It ensures that our young
talents can pursue their
Sarah Wanjiku, Kiambu, Mary Wanjiku Huduma studies without financial
Githunguri constituency Centre, Laikipia East constraints, empowering
them to contribute to the
The Githunguri Central The construction of this workforce and provide
Kitchen at Ikinu Primary Huduma Centre at Makutano much-needed medical
School marks a significant in Ngobit has brought vital services to our community.
milestone in uplifting our government services closer
community. As a school to our community. Today as
feeding program, it serves as residents of Laikipia, we now
a lifeline for many families in have access to personalized
our area. government services right at
their doorstep. This initiative
not only transforms public
service delivery but also
demonstrates a commitment
to serving the needs of our
community.

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 Chapter Six | The Projects

Sarah Achieng Homabay David Mutisya, Kitui West, Jane Ndinda, Machakos Tamima Ibrahim, Mombasa
,Ndhiwa Constituency Kitui County County, Yatta constituency County, Likoni constituency

The construction for the Having a new chief’s The construction of The establishment of
Kenya Medical Training camp means a lot to us as classrooms at Ivutu Mishi Mboko Secondary
College in Ndhiwa has residents. We know where Primary School in Katangi School and Mishi Mboko
changed the education to get our chief and this has Ward and the latrines at Girls High School has
landscape and standards in improved our interactions Kiusyani Primary School are provided our children
the region. This exciting is with the administration significant steps towards with access to quality
now offering vital courses at the grassroot level. improving education and education, empowering
like community health Residents here are truly sanitation in our community. them to pursue their
assistance and medical grateful for the construction The provision of modern dreams and build a brighter
health records, providing of the Kathuma Assistant classrooms at Ivutu future. Furthermore,
our youth with invaluable Chief’s Office which is a Primary School improves the construction of Maji
skills and opportunities. significant step forward the learning environment Safi Primary School has
Our children now have an in ensuring that our local for our children, ensuring addressed a critical need
opportunity to attend a local leaders have the necessary they have access to quality for education infrastructure
college. Kitui infrastructure to serve our education. The construction in our area, ensuring that
community effectively. With of latrines at Kiusyani our youngest learners
a dedicated space for Chiefs, Primary School addresses have a safe and conducive
Assistant Chiefs, and DOs, a critical need for improved environment to thrive.
we can now expect more sanitation facilities. As a
Fatima Hassan, Mandera efficient and accessible resident of Katangi Ward,
West constituency, Mandera government services for all I have witnessed firsthand
County residents. the challenges faced by our
children due to inadequate
The unveiling of the Sh35 facilities. Thanks to NG-CDF
million bursary program students can now attend
has bestowed upon us school in a safer and more
more than just financial hygienic environment.
aid. It has gifted us with a
lifeline of opportunity. This
initiative has ignited a spark
of anticipation and joy within
our community, as families
burdened by financial strain
dare to dream of a brighter
future for their children.

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 91

 Chapter Seven

Projects in
figures and
graphics

Memoir
NGCDF
National Government Constituencies Development Fund

Two Decades of Progress

92 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

Formula for sharing funds to the Constituencies Total Fund allocation to the Fund

There has been three sharing formulas on NG-CDF. FINANCIAL YEAR AMOUNT ALLOCATED
TO THE FUND
1. Allocation formula applicable between 2003/2004 (Ksh. In Billions)
to 2015/2016 FY. 2003/2004 1.26
2004/2005 5.60
i. Three quarters (75%) of the amount allocated
was divided equally among all constituencies 2005/2006 7.25
2006/2007 10.04
ii. An amount equal to a quarter of the amount
allocated to constituencies was divided based 2007/2008 10.10
the national poverty index multiplied by the 2008/2009 10.10
constituency poverty index
2009/2010 12.33
2. Allocation formula applicable between 2013/2017 2010/2011 14.28
to 2021/2022 FY
2011/2012 22.98
The amount allocated to constituencies was 2012/2013 21.76
divided equally among all the constiteuncies. 2013/2014 23.06

3. Allocation formula applicable between 2013/2017 2014/2015 33.21

to 2021/2022 FY 2015/2016 35.21
2016/2017 25.00
i. Three quarters (75%) of the amount allocated
to constituenices was divided equally among 2017/2018 29.80
all ocnstiteucnies
2018/2019 33.20

ii. An amount equal to a quarter of the amount 2019/2020 41.75

allocated to constituencies divided taking 2020/2021 41.71
into account the number of wards in each
constituency 2021/2022 41.71
2022/2023 44.29
2023/2024 57.93
TOTAL 522.57

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 93

 Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2003/2004 TO 2012/2013 FINANCIAL YEAR

CONSTITUENCY 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009 2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 2012/2013 TOTAL

1 001 Makadara 6,000,000 22,227,574 28,746,684 39,823,243 40,069,212 40,069,212 48,913,400 53,362,905 65,259,662 81,087,412 425,559,304
2 002 Kamukunji 6,000,000 21,656,627 28,008,210 38,800,223 39,039,874 39,039,874 47,656,863 53,060,390 64,906,337 80,648,394 418,816,792
3 003 Starehe 6,000,000 21,802,619 28,197,039 39,061,810 39,303,077 39,303,077 47,978,161 52,981,843 64,814,599 80,534,406 419,976,631
4 004 Langata 6,000,000 22,218,788 28,735,319 39,807,498 40,053,371 40,053,371 48,894,062 53,709,833 65,664,857 81,590,881 426,727,980
5 005 Dagoretti 6,000,000 22,134,510 28,626,313 39,656,491 39,901,431 39,901,431 48,708,585 53,943,998 65,938,351 81,930,707 426,741,817
6 006 Westlands 6,000,000 21,079,433 27,261,656 37,766,009 37,999,272 37,999,272 46,386,577 52,077,572 63,758,452 79,222,107 409,550,350
7 007 Kasarani 6,000,000 23,202,173 30,007,249 41,569,523 41,826,279 41,826,279 51,058,291 56,256,668 68,639,443 85,286,908 445,672,813
8 008 Embakasi 6,000,000 23,545,780 30,451,677 42,185,197 42,445,755 42,445,755 51,814,500 59,279,624 72,170,116 89,673,893 460,012,297
9 009 Changamwe 6,000,000 21,587,110 27,918,295 38,675,661 38,914,543 38,914,543 47,503,868 55,398,556 67,637,208 84,041,596 426,591,380
10 010 Kisauni 6,000,000 22,289,060 28,826,211 39,933,413 40,180,063 40,180,063 49,048,718 57,598,247 70,206,345 87,233,839 441,495,959
11 011 Likoni 6,000,000 20,750,517 26,836,229 37,176,659 37,406,281 37,406,281 45,662,700 53,605,347 65,542,822 81,439,249 411,826,085
12 012 Mvita 6,000,000 20,294,967 26,247,013 36,360,408 36,584,989 36,584,989 44,660,129 51,347,926 62,906,260 78,163,228 399,149,909
13 013 Msambweni 6,000,000 31,885,866 41,238,905 57,128,917 57,481,775 57,481,775 70,169,312 90,180,602 108,261,030 134,518,116 654,346,298
14 014 Matuga 6,000,000 25,832,720 33,409,649 46,282,922 46,568,790 46,568,790 56,847,583 68,716,557 83,192,017 103,368,990 516,788,018
15 015 Kinango 6,000,000 31,464,438 40,693,823 56,373,805 56,721,999 56,721,999 69,241,836 86,620,386 104,102,862 129,351,446 637,292,594
16 016 Bahari 6,000,000 33,718,686 43,609,511 60,412,955 60,786,097 60,786,097 74,202,973 87,694,827 105,357,760 130,910,701 663,479,607
17 017 Kaloleni 6,000,000 33,468,463 43,285,868 59,964,607 60,334,980 60,334,980 73,652,284 84,533,435 101,665,399 126,322,814 649,562,830
18 018 Ganze 6,000,000 28,788,762 37,233,051 51,579,543 51,898,126 51,898,126 63,353,224 71,090,789 85,965,010 106,814,531 554,621,162
19 019 Malindi 6,000,000 29,328,716 37,931,439 52,547,030 52,871,589 52,871,589 64,541,552 82,856,863 99,707,241 123,889,734 602,545,753
20 020 Magarini 6,000,000 26,983,061 34,897,523 48,344,098 48,642,697 48,642,697 59,379,248 72,622,607 87,754,103 109,037,541 542,303,575
21 021 Garsen 6,000,000 22,480,418 31,133,252 43,129,393 43,395,783 43,395,783 52,974,220 66,647,471 80,775,421 100,366,285 490,298,026
22 022 Galole 6,000,000 21,615,808 29,359,133 40,671,678 40,922,888 40,922,888 49,955,501 60,340,382 73,409,032 91,213,289 454,410,599
23 023 Bura 6,000,000 21,631,807 30,751,651 42,600,755 42,863,880 42,863,880 52,324,914 60,305,104 73,367,829 91,162,093 463,871,913
24 024 Lamu East 6,000,000 21,057,611 26,414,913 36,593,003 36,819,020 36,819,020 44,945,817 51,232,765 62,771,757 77,996,103 400,650,009
25 025 Lamu West 6,000,000 24,686,378 29,436,114 40,778,321 41,030,189 41,030,189 50,086,486 55,666,237 67,949,847 84,430,061 441,093,822
26 026 Taveta 6,000,000 22,474,175 29,065,642 40,265,099 40,513,798 40,513,798 49,456,116 57,242,195 69,790,493 86,717,128 442,038,444
27 027 Wundanyi 6,000,000 22,973,937 29,712,044 41,160,571 41,414,801 41,414,801 50,555,990 56,882,745 69,370,672 86,195,486 445,681,047
28 028 Mwatate 6,000,000 22,859,118 29,563,534 40,954,838 41,207,797 41,379,525 50,512,928 57,173,257 69,709,977 86,617,084 445,978,058
29 029 Voi 6,000,000 24,238,025 31,347,040 43,425,558 43,693,777 43,522,049 53,128,357 61,125,921 74,326,505 92,353,282 473,160,514
30 030 Dujis 6,000,000 25,356,544 32,793,754 45,429,714 45,710,312 45,710,312 55,799,619 79,073,306 95,288,221 118,398,947 549,560,729
31 031 Lagdera 6,000,000 24,368,363 31,515,621 43,659,095 43,928,757 43,928,757 53,624,834 67,346,095 84,731,385 105,281,709 504,384,616
32 032 Fafi 6,000,000 22,507,333 29,108,529 40,324,512 40,573,578 39,188,522 47,838,322 58,798,613 71,608,317 88,975,835 444,923,561
33 033 Ijara 49,969,441 63,197,796 76,746,359 95,360,035 461,376,481
6,000,000 21,939,166 28,373,651 39,306,474 39,549,252 40,934,307
34 034 Wajir North 6,000,000 23,850,698 30,846,064 42,731,547 42,995,479 42,995,479 52,485,561 75,580,802 91,209,138 113,330,544 522,025,312
35 035 Wajir West 6,000,000 23,914,006 30,927,947 42,844,981 43,109,615 43,109,615 52,624,888 78,604,218 94,740,349 117,718,196 533,593,815
36 036 Wajir East 6,000,000 25,554,011 33,049,162 45,783,535 46,066,318 46,066,318 56,234,203 74,414,724 101,855,103 126,558,527 561,581,901
37 037 Wajir South 6,000,000 24,788,737 32,059,341 44,412,319 44,686,633 44,686,633 54,549,991 73,669,007 88,976,250 110,556,102 524,385,013
38 038 Mandera West 6,000,000 24,072,288 31,132,673 43,128,591 43,394,976 43,394,976 52,973,235 67,897,471 121,717,448 151,238,185 584,949,843
39 039 Mandera Central 6,000,000 25,673,669 33,203,929 45,997,936 46,282,043 46,282,043 56,497,544 74,390,460 149,571,045 185,847,254 669,745,923
40 040 Mandera East 6,000,000 24,530,827 31,725,756 43,950,198 44,221,658 44,221,658 53,982,384 69,756,378 120,079,209 149,202,616 587,670,684
41 041 Moyale 6,000,000 22,779,222 29,460,196 40,811,682 41,063,756 41,063,756 50,127,462 62,694,424 76,158,444 94,629,530 464,788,472

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Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2003/2004 TO 2012/2013 FINANCIAL YEAR

CONSTITUENCY 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009 2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 2012/2013 TOTAL

42 042 North Horr 6,000,000 22,136,837 28,629,323 39,660,660 39,905,626 39,905,626 48,713,706 64,535,344 78,308,554 97,301,117 465,096,793
43 043 Saku 6,000,000 21,280,617 27,521,871 38,126,490 38,361,976 38,361,979 46,829,341 59,037,842 71,887,725 89,323,012 436,730,853
44 044 Laisamis 6,000,000 21,160,334 27,366,295 37,910,968 38,145,126 38,145,126 46,564,624 60,700,829 73,830,018 91,736,379 441,559,699
45 045 Isiolo North 6,000,000 23,098,805 29,873,550 41,384,308 41,639,920 41,639,920 50,830,798 63,046,844 76,570,055 95,140,971 469,225,171
46 046 Isiolo South 6,000,000 20,695,203 26,764,686 37,077,548 37,306,559 37,306,559 45,540,966 55,568,969 67,836,242 84,288,903 418,385,635
47 047 Igembe 6,000,000 29,810,236 38,554,246 53,409,816 53,739,703 53,739,703 65,601,279 67,096,048 81,299,338 101,017,270 550,267,639
48 048 Ntonyiri 6,000,000 25,476,262 32,948,600 45,644,223 45,926,146 45,926,146 56,063,093 59,532,585 72,465,562 90,040,995 480,023,612
49 049 Tigania West 6,000,000 26,462,130 34,223,740 47,410,696 47,703,529 47,703,529 58,232,785 60,198,678 73,243,528 91,007,645 492,186,260
50 050 Tigania East 6,000,000 26,991,060 34,907,869 48,358,431 48,657,119 48,657,119 59,396,853 61,585,274 74,863,009 93,019,907 502,436,641
51 051 North Imenti 6,000,000 28,744,668 37,176,020 51,500,536 51,818,631 51,818,631 63,256,183 62,666,455 76,125,777 94,588,941 523,695,842
52 052 Central Imenti 6,000,000 25,001,083 32,333,993 44,792,800 45,069,464 45,069,464 55,017,321 57,060,371 69,578,130 86,453,260 466,375,886
53 053 South Imenti 6,000,000 26,120,402 33,781,744 46,798,391 47,087,443 47,087,443 57,480,714 58,705,191 71,499,205 88,854,263 483,414,796
54 054 Nithi 6,000,000 31,196,461 40,347,216 55,893,645 56,238,873 56,238,873 68,652,073 64,970,608 78,816,922 97,932,781 556,287,452
55 055 Tharaka 6,000,000 25,805,893 33,374,950 46,234,854 46,520,425 46,520,425 56,788,542 62,951,917 76,459,184 95,003,210 495,659,400
56 056 Manyatta 6,000,000 26,780,152 34,635,076 47,980,526 48,276,879 48,276,879 58,932,685 60,734,593 73,869,453 91,785,378 497,271,621
57 057 Runyenjes 501,948,512
6,000,000 27,199,336 35,177,256 48,731,617 49,032,610 49,032,610 59,855,223 60,881,156 74,040,631 91,998,073
58 058 Gachoka 6,000,000 25,370,807 32,812,203 45,455,271 45,736,026 45,736,026 55,831,009 62,481,246 75,909,462 94,320,162 489,652,212
59 059 Siakago 6,000,000 24,477,127 31,656,299 43,853,979 44,124,844 44,124,844 53,864,202 60,124,576 73,156,981 90,900,107 472,282,959
60 060 Mwingi North 6,000,000 29,604,205 38,287,761 53,040,650 53,368,257 53,368,257 65,147,847 76,728,881 92,550,041 114,996,662 583,092,561
61 061 Mwingi South 6,000,000 28,032,436 36,254,804 50,224,362 50,534,574 50,534,574 61,688,706 71,321,717 86,234,723 107,149,659 547,975,555
62 062 Kitui West 6,000,000 28,970,210 37,467,740 51,904,661 52,225,252 52,225,252 63,752,554 69,661,642 84,295,833 104,740,520 551,243,664
63 063 Kitui Central 6,000,000 30,922,240 39,992,533 55,402,298 55,744,491 55,744,491 68,048,570 72,431,368 87,530,745 108,760,011 580,576,747
64 064 Mutito 6,000,000 25,636,443 33,155,782 45,931,236 46,214,931 46,214,931 56,415,619 66,779,575 80,929,712 100,557,997 507,836,226
65 065 Kitui South 6,000,000 28,278,659 36,573,274 50,665,543 50,978,480 50,978,480 62,230,592 71,489,461 86,430,641 107,393,094 551,018,224
66 066 Masinga 6,000,000 26,228,491 33,921,547 46,992,063 47,282,311 47,282,311 57,718,594 65,813,121 79,800,938 99,155,456 510,194,832
67 067 Yatta 6,000,000 27,225,089 35,210,567 48,777,763 49,079,040 49,079,040 59,911,902 68,109,724 82,483,264 102,488,340 528,364,729
68 068 Kangundo 6,000,000 30,429,306 39,354,963 54,519,061 54,855,800 54,855,800 66,963,724 75,155,999 90,712,987 112,714,059 585,561,699
69 069 Kathiani 6,000,000 27,515,309 35,585,942 49,297,777 49,602,266 49,602,266 60,550,615 76,984,259 92,848,311 115,367,273 563,354,018
70 070 Machakos Town 6,000,000 21,873,968 28,289,322 39,189,652 39,431,708 39,431,708 48,135,184 54,993,407 67,164,012 83,453,634 427,962,595
71 071 Mwala 6,000,000 29,121,124 37,662,935 52,175,068 52,497,329 52,497,329 64,084,685 70,331,351 85,078,022 105,712,418 555,160,261
72 072 Mbooni 6,000,000 30,497,983 39,443,791 54,642,117 54,979,615 54,979,615 67,114,868 75,101,663 90,649,526 112,635,205 586,044,383
73 073 Kilome 6,000,000 24,550,291 31,750,932 43,985,075 44,256,750 44,256,750 54,025,222 61,381,159 74,624,612 92,723,690 477,554,481
74 074 Kaiti 59,001,602 66,313,819 80,385,730 99,882,081 517,773,579
6,000,000 26,811,466 34,675,578 48,036,635 48,333,334 48,333,334
75 075 Makueni 6,000,000 32,706,674 42,300,555 58,599,637 58,961,580 58,961,580 71,975,743 83,039,369 99,920,400 124,154,591 636,620,129
76 076 Kibwezi 6,000,000 29,980,271 38,774,172 53,714,482 54,046,252 54,046,252 65,975,490 78,003,157 94,038,336 116,845,921 591,424,333
77 077 Kinangop 6,000,000 24,895,921 32,197,975 44,604,371 44,879,871 44,879,871 54,785,881 71,477,913 86,417,153 107,376,334 517,515,290
78 078 Kipipiri 6,000,000 22,624,113 29,259,575 40,533,758 40,784,116 40,784,116 49,786,100 61,601,814 74,882,326 93,043,909 459,299,827
79 079 Ol’Kalou 6,000,000 24,420,059 31,582,486 43,751,724 44,021,958 44,021,958 53,738,606 70,260,213 84,994,836 105,609,181 508,401,021
80 080 Ndaragwa 6,000,000 21,753,260 28,133,197 38,973,369 39,214,089 39,214,089 47,869,531 57,402,963 69,978,263 86,950,439 435,489,200
81 O81 Tetu 6,000,000 22,180,736 28,686,102 39,739,318 39,984,769 39,984,769 48,810,318 55,767,310 68,067,895 84,576,740 433,797,957
82 082 Kieni 6,000,000 23,739,238 30,701,899 42,531,834 42,794,533 42,794,533 52,240,261 60,849,412 74,003,556 91,952,006 467,607,272

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 95

 Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2003/2004 TO 2012/2013 FINANCIAL YEAR

CONSTITUENCY 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009 2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 2012/2013 TOTAL

83 083 Mathira 6,000,000 23,261,815 30,084,391 41,676,390 41,933,805 41,933,805 51,189,551 58,231,490 70,945,944 88,152,816 453,410,007
84 84 Othaya 6,000,000 21,977,534 28,423,277 39,375,221 39,618,423 39,618,423 48,363,111 55,374,110 67,608,656 84,006,120 430,364,875
85 085 Mukurweini 6,000,000 22,339,747 28,891,770 40,024,233 40,271,444 40,271,444 49,160,268 56,020,682 68,363,822 84,944,439 436,287,849
86 086 Nyeri Town 6,000,000 20,641,824 26,695,644 36,981,903 37,210,323 37,210,323 45,423,489 52,752,166 64,546,346 80,201,092 407,663,110
87 087 Mwea 6,000,000 25,127,316 32,497,266 45,018,984 45,297,045 45,297,045 55,295,134 61,610,867 74,892,900 93,054,047 484,090,604
88 088 Gichugu 6,000,000 23,659,733 30,599,066 42,389,376 42,651,195 42,651,195 52,065,286 56,395,178 68,801,216 85,487,917 450,700,162
89 089 Ndia 6,000,000 22,574,556 29,195,477 40,444,963 40,694,772 40,694,772 49,677,035 54,894,580 67,048,588 83,310,215 434,534,958
90 090 Kerugoya Kutus 6,000,000 23,003,788 29,750,654 41,214,058 41,468,618 41,468,618 50,621,687 55,678,491 67,964,158 84,447,844 441,617,916
91 091 Kangema 6,000,000 21,531,327 28,664,574 39,709,494 39,954,760 39,954,760 48,773,686 54,927,651 67,087,213 83,358,208 429,961,673
92 092 Mathioya 6,000,000 22,806,732 28,903,357 40,040,284 40,287,594 40,287,594 49,179,984 55,243,250 67,455,817 83,816,212 434,020,824
93 093 Kiharu 6,000,000 24,570,582 31,777,176 44,021,432 44,293,332 44,293,332 54,069,878 60,032,921 73,049,931 90,767,094 472,875,678
94 094 Kigumo 6,000,000 23,290,203 30,121,109 41,727,255 41,984,985 41,984,985 51,252,027 57,514,504 70,108,537 87,112,309 451,095,914
95 095 Maragwa 6,000,000 23,421,802 30,291,321 41,963,053 42,222,239 42,222,239 51,541,648 59,200,444 72,077,637 89,558,984 458,499,367
96 096 Kandara 6,000,000 25,144,192 32,519,095 45,049,223 45,327,417 45,327,471 55,332,276 61,014,603 74,196,491 92,191,734 482,102,502
97 097 Gatanga 6,000,000 25,483,286 32,957,684 45,656,809 45,938,809 45,938,809 56,078,551 62,120,275 75,487,864 93,796,311 489,458,398
98 098 Gatundu South 446,427,600
6,000,000 23,082,611 29,852,605 41,355,292 41,610,725 41,610,725 50,795,159 56,792,001 69,264,687 86,063,795
99 099 Gatundu North 6,000,000 23,246,109 30,064,077 41,648,248 41,905,489 41,905,489 51,154,985 57,158,134 69,692,313 86,595,137 449,369,981
100 100 Juja 6,000,000 28,776,275 37,216,901 51,557,170 51,875,614 51,875,614 63,325,743 83,240,006 100,154,734 124,445,760 290,627,317
101 101 Githunguri 6,000,000 22,840,485 29,539,435 40,921,453 41,174,205 41,174,205 50,262,290 57,469,973 70,056,527 87,047,684 446,486,257
102 102 Kiambaa 6,000,000 23,071,782 29,838,599 41,335,890 41,591,202 41,591,202 50,771,328 59,907,838 72,903,841 90,585,572 457,597,254
103 103 Kabete 6,000,000 22,716,105 29,378,560 40,698,590 40,949,966 40,949,966 49,988,556 58,993,889 71,836,391 89,259,228 450,771,251
104 104 Limuru 6,000,000 21,986,118 28,434,380 39,390,603 39,633,900 39,633,900 48,382,004 55,853,817 68,168,932 84,702,282 432,185,936
105 105 Lari 6,000,000 22,927,014 29,651,353 41,076,495 41,330,205 41,330,205 50,452,723 57,885,773 70,542,162 87,651,104 448,847,034
106 106 Turkana North 6,000,000 28,865,253 37,331,986 51,716,600 52,036,029 52,036,029 63,521,565 106,814,621 138,953,632 172,654,747 709,930,462
107 107 Turkana Central 6,000,000 28,993,838 37,498,301 51,946,998 52,267,850 52,267,850 63,804,555 97,349,166 119,545,091 148,538,957 658,212,606
108 108 Turkana South 6,000,000 23,262,923 30,085,825 41,678,375 41,935,803 41,935,803 51,191,990 70,271,681 112,706,281 140,041,495 559,110,176
109 109 Kacheliba 6,000,000 22,412,671 28,986,092 40,154,899 40,402,916 40,402,916 49,320,760 69,781,117 84,435,374 104,913,905 486,810,650
110 110 Kapenguria 6,000,000 26,292,036 34,003,737 47,105,923 47,396,874 47,396,874 57,858,443 75,521,027 91,139,323 113,243,796 545,958,033
111 111 Sigor 6,000,000 25,695,469 33,232,126 46,036,997 46,321,346 46,321,346 56,545,522 75,139,371 90,693,567 112,689,928 538,675,672
112 112 Samburu West 6,000,000 24,540,020 31,737,646 43,966,670 44,238,232 44,238,232 54,002,617 76,935,729 92,791,630 115,296,845 533,747,621
113 113 Samburu East 6,000,000 21,004,756 27,165,068 37,632,204 37,864,640 37,864,640 46,222,229 58,296,560 71,021,942 88,247,247 431,319,286
114 114 Kwanza 6,000,000 27,099,218 35,047,763 48,552,228 48,852,112 48,852,112 59,634,886 74,122,291 89,505,665 111,213,918 548,880,193
115 115 Saboti 69,223,708 88,100,335 105,831,373 131,499,182 642,567,310
6,000,000 31,456,201 40,683,168 56,359,045 56,707,149 56,707,149
116 116 Cherangany 6,000,000 26,357,956 34,089,000 47,224,038 47,515,719 47,515,719 58,003,520 70,585,736 85,375,132 106,082,587 528,749,407
117 117 Eldoret North 6,000,000 33,542,667 43,381,844 60,097,565 60,468,759 60,468,759 73,815,591 88,347,452 106,119,995 131,857,804 664,100,436
118 118 Eldoret East 6,000,000 26,395,954 34,138,147 47,292,122 47,584,224 47,584,224 58,087,145 68,577,466 83,029,565 103,167,138 521,855,985
119 119 Eldoret South 6,000,000 28,006,617 36,221,409 50,178,099 50,488,026 50,488,026 61,631,883 73,724,395 89,040,940 110,636,482 556,415,877
120 120 Marakwet East 6,000,000 22,316,845 28,862,149 39,983,198 40,230,155 40,230,155 49,109,867 61,963,629 75,304,909 93,568,983 457,569,890
121 121 Marakwet West 6,000,000 22,731,420 29,398,368 40,726,031 40,977,576 40,977,576 50,022,260 63,392,041 76,973,229 95,641,928 466,840,429
122 122 Keiyo North 6,000,000 21,921,074 28,350,251 39,274,057 39,516,634 39,516,634 48,238,855 57,212,051 69,755,286 86,673,883 436,458,725
123 123 Keiyo South 6,000,000 22,907,468 29,626,071 41,041,472 41,294,965 41,294,965 50,409,705 59,888,274 72,880,991 90,557,180 455,901,091

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Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2003/2004 TO 2012/2013 FINANCIAL YEAR

CONSTITUENCY 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009 2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 2012/2013 TOTAL

124 124 Mosop 6,000,000 24,906,919 32,212,200 44,624,078 44,899,700 44,899,700 54,810,086 64,620,767 78,408,324 97,425,084 492,806,858
125 125 Aldai 6,000,000 25,646,949 33,169,369 45,950,059 46,233,871 45,620,112 55,689,510 66,054,527 80,082,889 99,505,790 503,953,076
126 126 Emgwen 6,000,000 26,905,330 34,796,984 48,204,820 48,502,559 48,872,493 59,659,765 69,481,744 84,085,720 104,479,448 530,988,863
127 127 Tinderet 6,000,000 28,247,546 36,533,033 50,609,796 50,922,389 51,166,214 62,459,762 71,969,574 86,991,390 108,089,844 552,989,548
128 128 Baringo East 6,000,000 23,092,860 29,865,861 41,373,656 41,629,202 41,629,202 50,817,715 69,594,362 84,217,253 104,642,882 492,862,993
129 129 Baringo North 6,000,000 23,026,493 29,780,021 41,254,740 41,509,551 41,509,551 50,671,654 60,634,775 73,752,869 91,640,519 459,780,173
130 130 Baringo Central. 6,000,000 24,525,206 31,718,485 43,940,126 44,211,524 44,211,524 53,970,014 68,221,146 82,613,400 102,650,039 502,061,464
131 131 Mogotio 6,000,000 21,939,078 28,373,538 39,306,317 39,549,094 39,549,094 48,278,479 57,063,688 69,582,005 86,458,074 436,099,367
132 132 Eldama Ravine 6,000,000 23,862,355 30,861,141 42,752,433 43,016,495 43,016,495 52,511,215 62,427,657 75,846,873 94,242,392 474,537,056
133 133 Laikipia West 6,000,000 27,496,020 35,560,994 49,263,215 49,567,490 49,567,490 60,508,164 71,873,424 86,879,092 107,950,310 544,666,199
134 134 Laikipia East 6,000,000 24,935,033 32,248,563 44,674,452 44,950,385 44,950,385 54,871,958 67,135,562 81,345,488 101,074,614 502,186,440
135 135 Naivasha 6,000,000 28,609,510 37,001,203 51,258,360 51,574,959 51,574,959 62,958,727 79,023,589 95,230,154 118,326,796 581,558,257
136 136 Nakuru Town 6,000,000 22,015,591 28,472,501 39,443,413 39,687,036 39,687,036 48,446,869 56,883,907 69,372,029 86,197,172 436,205,554
137 137 Kuresoi 6,000,000 26,824,592 34,692,555 48,060,153 48,356,998 48,356,998 59,030,489 70,931,468 85,778,931 106,583,322 534,615,506
138 138 Molo 6,000,000 29,398,658 38,021,902 52,672,351 52,997,683 52,997,683 64,695,479 77,080,979 92,961,276 115,507,363 582,333,374
139 139 Rongai 440,501,462
6,000,000 25,474,641 32,946,503 45,641,318 45,923,223 45,923,223 56,059,524 6,496,557 78,811,022 97,225,451
140 140 Subukia 6,000,000 24,700,873 31,945,696 44,254,886 44,528,227 44,528,227 54,356,621 64,776,171 78,589,828 97,650,610 491,331,139
141 141 Kilgoris 6,000,000 29,262,618 37,845,947 52,428,597 52,752,423 52,752,423 64,396,085 77,952,399 93,979,054 116,772,261 584,141,807
142 142 Narok North 6,000,000 27,208,837 35,189,546 48,748,642 49,049,740 49,049,740 59,876,134 63,855,196 77,514,173 96,314,070 512,806,078
143 143 Narok South 6,000,000 29,785,128 38,521,771 53,364,827 53,694,437 53,694,437 65,546,022 67,505,334 81,777,364 101,611,235 551,500,555
144 144 Kajiado North 6,000,000 26,876,060 34,759,126 48,152,375 48,449,790 48,449,790 59,143,761 58,553,800 71,322,387 88,620,560 490,327,649
145 145 Kajiado Central 6,000,000 23,658,964 30,598,071 42,387,999 42,649,810 44,536,948 54,367,266 54,512,895 66,602,796 82,756,303 448,071,052
146 146 Kajiado South 6,000,000 25,261,292 32,670,553 45,259,041 45,538,585 43,651,447 53,286,315 54,145,885 66,174,145 82,226,690 454,213,953
147 147 Bomet 6,000,000 28,518,806 36,883,886 51,095,838 51,411,433 51,411,433 62,759,107 77,572,409 93,535,243 116,220,810 575,408,965
148 148 Chepalungu 6,000,000 26,122,566 33,784,542 46,802,268 47,091,344 47,091,344 57,485,475 70,857,469 85,692,504 106,475,933 527,403,445
149 149 Sotik 6,000,000 26,150,274 33,820,380 46,851,915 47,141,297 47,141,297 57,546,455 70,541,779 85,323,792 106,017,796 526,534,985
150 150 Konoin 6,000,000 26,180,813 33,859,880 46,906,634 47,196,354 47,196,354 57,613,665 59,809,377 72,788,843 90,442,683 487,994,603
151 151 Buret 6,000,000 25,503,672 32,984,053 45,693,337 45,975,563 45,975,563 56,123,417 60,968,079 74,142,154 92,124,219 485,490,057
152 152 Belgut 6,000,000 27,326,457 35,341,677 48,959,392 49,261,791 48,812,688 59,586,760 70,043,219 84,741,497 105,294,274 535,367,755
153 153 Ainamoi 6,000,000 25,272,154 32,684,603 45,278,504 45,558,168 46,007,271 56,162,124 63,836,400 77,492,219 96,286,792 494,578,235
154 154 Kipkelion 6,000,000 27,382,404 35,414,041 49,059,639 49,362,657 49,362,657 60,258,119 67,274,642 81,507,927 101,276,450 526,898,536
155 155 Malava 6,000,000 30,195,667 39,052,770 54,100,429 54,434,581 50,042,368 61,087,858 70,065,960 84,768,057 105,327,275 555,074,965
156 156 Lugari 71,692,482 78,622,764 94,762,008 117,745,109 605,017,704
6,000,000 30,141,721 38,982,994 54,003,767 54,337,323 58,729,536
157 157 Mumias 6,000,000 29,769,752 38,501,883 53,337,276 53,666,715 53,666,715 65,512,181 72,348,528 87,433,992 108,639,792 568,876,834
158 158 Matungu 6,000,000 25,924,322 33,528,129 46,447,054 46,733,936 46,733,936 57,049,180 64,886,762 78,718,993 97,811,102 503,833,414
159 159 Lurambi 6,000,000 32,932,606 42,592,780 59,004,461 59,368,904 59,368,904 72,472,973 81,442,867 98,054,825 121,836,549 633,074,869
160 160 Shinyalu 6,000,000 28,479,715 36,833,324 51,025,794 51,340,957 51,340,957 62,673,075 68,563,361 83,013,091 103,146,668 542,416,942
161 161 Ikolomani 6,000,000 26,059,334 33,702,757 46,688,970 46,977,346 46,977,346 57,346,315 63,154,341 76,695,606 95,296,972 498,898,987
162 162 Butere 6,000,000 26,546,415 34,332,757 47,561,718 47,855,485 47,855,485 58,418,280 65,154,745 79,031,985 98,200,005 510,956,875
163 163 Khwisero 6,000,000 25,166,239 32,547,610 45,088,727 45,367,219 45,367,219 55,380,797 61,309,799 74,541,266 92,620,130 483,389,006
164 164 Emuhaya 6,000,000 29,019,962 37,532,090 51,993,806 52,314,947 52,314,947 63,862,047 65,830,805 79,821,592 99,181,119 537,871,315

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 97

 Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2003/2004 TO 2012/2013 FINANCIAL YEAR

CONSTITUENCY 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009 2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 2012/2013 TOTAL

165 165 Sabatia 6,000,000 26,436,278 34,190,303 47,364,375 47,656,923 47,656,923 58,175,891 61,079,252 74,271,998 92,285,554 495,117,497
166 166 Vihiga 6,000,000 24,244,366 31,355,242 43,436,919 43,705,209 43,705,209 53,351,943 57,579,521 70,184,474 87,286,664 460,849,547
167 167 Hamisi 6,000,000 27,413,952 35,454,845 49,116,165 49,419,533 49,419,533 60,327,549 62,509,558 75,942,529 94,361,248 509,964,912
168 168 Mt Elgon 6,000,000 26,893,605 34,781,819 48,183,812 48,481,420 48,481,420 59,182,374 70,588,709 85,378,604 106,085,902 534,057,665
169 169 Kimilili 6,000,000 32,849,296 42,485,025 58,855,187 59,218,708 59,218,708 72,289,625 83,880,253 100,902,513 125,374,901 641,074,216
170 170 Webuye 6,000,000 29,407,051 38,032,759 52,687,390 53,012,816 53,012,816 64,713,951 74,102,921 89,483,041 111,185,808 571,638,553
171 171 Sirisia 6,000,000 29,804,871 38,547,307 53,400,202 53,730,030 53,730,030 65,589,471 75,086,098 90,631,346 112,612,619 579,131,974
172 172 Kanduyi 6,000,000 28,908,557 37,387,996 51,794,191 52,114,099 54,599,022 66,650,269 78,144,730 94,203,688 117,051,376 586,853,928
173 173 Bumula 6,000,000 26,162,838 33,836,630 46,874,427 47,163,948 44,679,025 54,540,704 63,175,303 76,720,089 95,327,393 494,480,357
174 174 Amagoro 6,000,000 28,361,188 36,680,019 50,813,419 51,127,270 51,127,270 62,412,222 80,279,449 96,696,940 120,149,330 583,647,107
175 175 Nambale 6,000,000 29,289,890 37,881,220 52,477,462 52,801,591 52,801,591 64,456,104 78,340,800 94,432,688 117,335,917 585,817,263
176 176 Butula 6,000,000 26,170,935 33,847,103 46,888,935 47,178,545 47,178,545 57,591,925 67,609,805 81,899,382 101,762,847 516,128,022
177 177 Funyula 6,000,000 24,691,353 31,933,383 44,237,827 44,511,064 44,511,064 54,335,669 63,518,424 77,120,838 95,325,338 486,184,960
178 178 Budalangi 6,000,000 23,202,015 30,007,045 41,569,241 41,825,994 41,825,994 51,057,944 59,439,004 72,356,264 89,905,188 457,188,689
179 179 Ugenya 6,000,000 29,933,250 38,713,355 53,630,232 53,961,480 53,961,480 65,872,008 65,412,646 79,333,202 98,574,278 545,391,931
180 180 Alego 552,804,120
6,000,000 30,490,081 39,433,571 54,627,958 54,965,369 54,965,369 67,097,478 65,938,779 79,947,701 99,337,814
181 181 Gem 6,000,000 28,696,380 37,113,562 51,414,013 51,731,573 51,731,573 63,149,909 63,719,788 77,356,022 96,117,563 527,030,383
182 182 Bondo 6,000,000 27,843,769 36,010,779 49,886,310 50,194,434 50,194,434 61,273,488 58,216,302 70,928,205 88,130,775 498,678,496
183 183 Rarieda 6,000,000 27,635,884 35,741,897 49,513,823 49,819,646 49,819,646 60,815,977 57,315,572 69,876,194 86,823,614 493,362,253
184 184 Kisumu Town East 6,000,000 20,620,405 29,193,227 40,441,846 40,691,636 40,691,636 49,673,207 55,712,398 68,003,761 84,497,051 435,525,167
185 185 Kisumu Town West 6,000,000 23,389,766 27,942,234 38,708,825 38,947,912 38,947,912 47,544,603 53,075,122 64,923,544 80,669,774 420,149,692
186 186 Kisumu Rural 6,000,000 27,977,806 36,184,146 50,126,477 50,436,085 50,436,085 61,568,477 63,465,762 77,059,331 95,748,914 519,003,083
187 187 Nyando 6,000,000 26,538,709 34,322,789 47,547,910 47,841,591 47,841,591 58,401,319 64,244,998 77,969,443 96,879,759 507,588,109
188 188 Muhoroni 6,000,000 26,627,384 34,437,483 47,706,798 48,001,460 48,001,460 58,596,476 63,169,294 76,713,071 95,318,673 504,572,099
189 189 Nyakach 6,000,000 26,538,416 34,322,410 47,547,385 47,841,063 47,841,063 58,400,675 63,393,495 76,974,927 95,644,039 504,503,473
190 190 Kasipul Kabondo 6,000,000 31,933,179 41,300,101 57,213,692 57,567,074 57,567,074 70,273,439 68,016,057 82,373,865 102,352,408 574,596,889
191 191 Karachuonyo 6,000,000 28,345,678 36,659,957 50,785,627 51,099,306 51,099,306 62,378,086 63,264,201 76,823,917 95,456,404 521,912,482
192 192 Rangwe 6,000,000 29,911,496 38,685,218 53,591,252 53,922,260 53,922,260 65,824,131 66,561,174 80,674,630 100,241,049 549,333,470
193 193 Ndhiwa 6,000,000 28,829,539 37,285,793 51,652,607 51,971,641 51,971,641 63,442,966 65,460,186 79,388,726 98,643,268 534,646,367
194 194 Rongo 6,000,000 26,602,508 34,405,308 47,662,225 47,956,612 47,956,612 58,541,729 66,541,374 80,651,504 100,212,314 516,530,186
195 195 Migori 6,000,000 26,121,768 33,783,510 46,800,838 47,089,905 47,089,905 57,483,719 66,533,015 80,641,741 100,200,184 511,744,585
196 196 Uriri 6,000,000 23,808,988 30,792,116 42,656,812 42,920,283 42,920,283 52,393,767 60,341,303 73,410,108 91,214,626 466,458,286
197 197 Nyatike 54,499,051 62,964,794 76,474,224 95,021,898 485,415,614
6,000,000 24,765,590 32,029,403 44,370,846 44,644,904 44,644,904
198 198 Mbita 6,000,000 24,973,865 32,298,790 44,744,032 45,020,395 45,020,395 54,957,421 61,865,250 75,190,007 93,426,213 483,496,368
199 199 Gwassi 6,000,000 24,400,841 31,557,629 43,717,290 43,987,311 43,987,311 53,696,312 60,603,204 73,715,996 91,594,703 473,260,597
200 200 Kuria 6,000,000 31,187,388 40,335,481 55,877,389 56,222,517 56,222,517 68,632,107 79,842,082 96,186,116 119,514,613 610,020,210
201 201 Bonchari 6,000,000 25,769,993 33,328,517 46,170,529 46,455,703 46,455,703 56,709,535 64,598,349 78,382,140 97,392,551 501,263,020
202 202 South Mugirango 6,000,000 27,111,245 35,063,319 48,573,778 48,873,795 48,873,795 59,661,355 71,280,885 86,187,034 107,090,403 538,715,609
203 203 Bomachoge 6,000,000 29,907,301 38,679,792 53,583,736 53,914,698 53,914,698 65,814,899 77,297,342 93,213,978 115,821,627 588,148,071
204 204 Bobasi 6,000,000 29,435,537 38,069,602 52,738,430 53,064,171 53,064,171 64,776,642 75,965,098 91,657,978 113,888,243 578,659,872
205 205 Nyaribari Masaba 6,000,000 25,546,597 33,039,573 45,770,250 46,052,951 46,052,951 56,217,887 62,211,026 75,593,857 93,228,011 489,713,103

98 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2003/2004 TO 2012/2013 FINANCIAL YEAR

CONSTITUENCY 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009 2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 2012/2013 TOTAL

206 206 Nyaribari Chache 6,000,000 25,683,659 33,216,851 46,015,836 46,300,055 46,300,055 56,519,531 64,019,211 77,705,734 96,552,092 498,313,024
207 207 Kitutu Chache 6,000,000 31,127,003 40,257,378 55,769,191 56,113,651 56,113,651 68,499,212 74,114,615 89,496,699 111,202,778 588,694,178
208 208 Kitutu Masaba 6,000,000 30,314,779 39,206,832 54,313,853 54,649,324 54,649,324 66,711,674 67,839,105 82,167,194 102,095,611 557,947,696
209 209 West Mugirango 6,000,000 28,406,648 36,738,818 50,894,873 51,209,227 51,209,227 62,512,270 65,115,788 78,986,485 98,143,470 529,216,806
210 N. Mugirango
210 Borabu 6,000,000 32,634,680 42,207,437 58,470,639 58,831,785 58,831,785 71,817,299 73,339,301 88,591,168 110,077,625 600,801,719
ALLOCATION TO
CONSTITUENCIES 1,260,000,000 5,431,999,997 7,028,619,994 9,736,860,002 9,796,999,949 9,797,000,000 11,959,421,004 13,796,041,809 16,989,549,897 21,108,305,224 106,596,957,376
ALLOCATION TO THE FUND
1,260,000,000 5,600,000,000 7,246,000,000 10,038,000,000 10,100,000,000 10,100,000,000 12,329,000,000 14,283,000,000 22,978,000,000 21,763,000,000 115,697,000,000
ALLOCATION TO THE BOARD 3% - 168,000,000 217,380,000 301,140,000 303,000,000 303,000,000 369,870,000 428,490,000 689,340,000 652,890,000 3,470,910,000
JUSTIFICATION OF BOARD - 168,000,003 217,380,006 301,139,998 303,000,051 303,000,000 369,578,996 486,958,191 5,988,450,103 654,694,776 9,100,042,624
VARRIANCE - 3 6 (2) 51 - (291,004) 58,468,191 5,299,110,103 1,804,776 5,629,132,624

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 99

 Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND(NG-CDF)

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2013/2014 TO 2023/2024 FINANCIAL YEAR
CODE CONSTITUENCY 2013/2014 2014/2015 2015/2016 2016,/2017 2017,/2018 2018,/2019 2019,/2020 2020,/2021 2021,/2022 2022,/2023 2023,/2024 Total

1 Changamwe 65,215,095 92,849,012 98,270,736 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,367,810.00 1,285,370,221
2 Jomvu 64,126,632 91,199,962 96,509,499 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,249,584,149
3 Kisauni 69,255,070 98,969,680 104,807,803 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,333,343,254
4 Nyali 67,589,409 96,446,159 102,112,603 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,295,177,549
5 Likoni 66,565,362 94,894,701 100,455,597 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,290,945,038
6 Mvita 64,976,201 92,487,081 97,884,183 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,284,376,843
7 Msambweni 79,719,089 114,822,943 121,739,588 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,329,670,338
8 Lunga Lunga 94,755,147 137,602,963 146,069,368 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,391,816,196
9 Matuga 84,008,780 121,321,937 128,680,719 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,667,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,363,620,814
10 Kinango 110,038,096 160,757,031 170,798,644 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,501,904,472
11 Kilifi North 91,522,984 132,706,153 140,839,421 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,297,991.00 1,424,779,259
12 Kilifi South 78,341,780 112,736,282 119,510,969 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 146,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,340,618,409
13 Kaloleni 83,731,176 120,901,359 128,231,528 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,346,252,781
14 Rabai 69,867,981 99,898,256 105,799,552 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,288,954,507
15 Ganze 91,799,949 133,125,762 141,287,576 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,379,602,005
16 Malindi 82,422,859 118,919,225 126,114,546 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,356,486,008
17 Magarini 102,288,872 149,016,755 158,259,658 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,996,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,454,271,325
18 Garsen 80,239,023 115,610,656 122,580,891 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 152,365,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,363,505,610
19 Galole 71,994,254 103,119,615 109,240,065 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,297,742,652
20 Bura 76,941,931 110,615,476 117,245,880 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,333,832,665
21 Lamu East 60,186,412 85,230,425 90,133,846 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,233,298,739
22 Lamu West 67,004,319 95,559,733 101,165,872 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,324,040,625
23 Taveta 70,255,922 100,485,997 106,427,277 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,533,810.00 1,306,370,574
24 Wundanyi 67,757,063 96,700,160 102,383,885 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 139,056,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,281,070,826
25 Mwatate 68,968,974 98,536,236 104,344,872 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,300,879,460
26 Voi 69,917,064 99,972,618 105,878,973 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,249,901.00 1,320,558,695
27 Garissa Township 65,632,079 93,480,753 98,945,456 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,271,447,006
28 Balambala 73,852,369 105,934,708 112,246,673 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,321,063,128
29 Lagdera 77,164,284 110,952,346 117,605,669 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,350,392,339
30 Dadaab 85,601,198 123,734,492 131,257,403 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,385,263,133
31 Fafi 108,112,906 114,573,058 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,327,005,441
75,290,099
32 Ijara 75,022,454 107,707,417 114,139,982 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,310,258,571
33 Wajir North 92,987,961 134,925,630 143,209,892 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,431,434,184
34 Wajir East 84,380,381 121,884,921 129,282,004 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,348,936,024
35 Tarbaj 86,399,989 124,944,680 132,549,923 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,357,283,310
36 Wajir West 81,420,743 117,400,993 124,493,027 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,336,703,481
37 Eldas 79,553,201 114,571,617 121,471,164 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,328,984,700
38 Wajir South 88,408,820 127,988,112 135,800,404 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,412,508,037
39 Mandera West 99,154,411 144,267,965 153,187,800 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,425,639,554
40 Banissa 98,505,464 143,284,792 152,137,741 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,422,957,375
41 Mandera North 101,910,878 148,444,084 157,648,028 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,437,032,368
42 Mandera South 124,673,643 182,930,270 194,480,361 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,531,113,652
43 Mandera East 85,702,452 123,887,894 131,421,242 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,370,040,966
44 Lafey 97,017,837 141,030,998 149,730,618 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,416,808,831

100 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND(NG-CDF)

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2013/2014 TO 2023/2024 FINANCIAL YEAR
CODE CONSTITUENCY 2013/2014 2014/2015 2015/2016 2016,/2017 2017,/2018 2018,/2019 2019,/2020 2020,/2021 2021,/2022 2022,/2023 2023,/2024 Total

45 Moyale 82,357,489 118,820,188 126,008,772 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,387,497,150
46 North Horr 75,834,968 108,938,398 115,454,708 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,329,257,452
47 Saku 66,766,053 95,198,754 100,780,335 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,260,493,198
48 Laisamis 74,385,414 106,742,285 113,109,190 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,323,266,267
49 Isiolo North 76,566,084 110,046,058 116,637,724 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,363,560,567
50 Isiolo South 68,849,750 98,355,609 104,151,956 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,269,105,371
51 Igembe South 73,499,422 105,399,984 111,675,571 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,319,604,355
52 Igembe Central 77,476,226 111,424,946 118,110,421 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,336,040,971
53 Igembe North 81,215,335 117,089,795 124,160,657 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,351,495,165
54 Tigania West 69,081,948 98,707,396 104,527,675 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,301,346,397
55 Tigania East 76,771,049 110,356,584 116,969,376 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,333,126,387
56 North Imenti 67,275,272 95,970,233 101,604,299 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,508,083.00 176,202,770.00 1,295,140,622
57 Buuri 69,588,509 99,474,849 105,347,340 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,303,440,076
58 Central Imenti 66,821,605 95,282,916 100,870,223 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,276,363,462
59 South Imenti 69,757,002 99,730,120 105,619,977 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 152,655,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,320,472,139
60 Maara 66,066,595 94,139,056 99,648,544 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,132,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,288,928,573
Chuka/
61 Igambang’ombe 70,402,984 100,708,800 106,665,238 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,306,806,400
62 Tharaka 83,424,538 120,436,795 127,735,359 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,360,626,070
63 Manyatta 69,015,400 98,606,572 104,419,993 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,316,712,005
64 Runyenjes 69,404,975 99,196,789 105,050,362 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,318,322,166
65 Mbeere South 76,709,655 110,263,571 116,870,035 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,332,872,639
66 Mbeere North 73,052,901 104,723,492 110,953,056 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,286,477,505
67 Mwingi North 91,837,332 133,182,398 141,348,066 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,395,397,174
68 Mwingi West 73,442,427 105,313,635 111,583,348 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,303,728,128
69 Mwingi Central 84,850,635 122,597,369 130,042,920 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,382,160,964
70 Kitui West 66,714,446 95,120,567 100,696,830 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,275,920,561
71 Kitui Rural 74,104,740 106,317,057 112,655,034 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,306,465,549
72 Kitui Central 76,718,303 110,276,673 116,884,028 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,389,810.00 1,332,936,382
73 Kitui East 85,068,711 122,927,760 130,395,789 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,383,062,300
74 Kitui South 94,584,769 137,344,836 145,793,681 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,283,901.00 1,422,547,326
75 Masinga 81,240,588 117,128,054 124,201,519 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,851,810.00 1,352,089,539
76 Yatta 81,955,949 118,211,844 125,359,041 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,354,556,212
77 Kangundo 72,102,621 103,283,793 109,415,412 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,607,720.00 1,298,204,544
78 Matungulu 76,872,477 110,510,251 117,133,497 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,631,810.00 1,333,815,603
79 Kathiani 68,118,897 97,248,348 102,969,366 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,281,725,329
80 Mavoko 68,078,211 97,186,707 102,903,532 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,281,557,168
81 Machakos Town 78,776,932 113,395,549 120,215,087 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,372,698,269
82 Mwala 79,309,990 114,203,146 121,077,626 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,359,260,802
83 Mbooni 87,139,903 126,065,670 133,747,175 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,167,901.00 1,391,660,788
84 Kilome 69,766,330 99,744,252 105,635,071 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,272,893,709
85 Kaiti 75,582,837 108,556,412 115,046,736 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,312,574,703
86 Makueni 98,571,651 143,385,068 152,244,838 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 159,407,745.00 192,917,991.00 1,455,107,258
87 Kibwezi West 89,778,165 130,062,705 138,016,135 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 152,740,674.00 184,129,901.00 1,403,307,545
88 Kibwezi East 87,754,311 126,996,514 134,741,346 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,362,880,889

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 101

 Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND(NG-CDF)

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2013/2014 TO 2023/2024 FINANCIAL YEAR
CODE CONSTITUENCY 2013/2014 2014/2015 2015/2016 2016,/2017 2017,/2018 2018,/2019 2019,/2020 2020,/2021 2021,/2022 2022,/2023 2023,/2024 Total

89 Kinangop 80,630,228 116,203,342 123,213,898 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 166,390,316.00 201,810,082.00 1,396,827,831
90 Kipipiri 71,587,093 102,502,756 108,581,240 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,474,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,296,318,807
91 Ol Kalou 72,962,510 104,586,548 110,806,795 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,317,385,231
92 Ol Joro Orok 68,444,682 97,741,920 103,496,517 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,283,071,837
93 Ndaragwa 67,775,214 96,727,658 102,413,253 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,280,304,843
94 Tetu 64,870,950 92,327,623 97,713,877 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,252,660,506
95 Kieni 72,730,749 104,235,424 110,431,784 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 165,705,316.00 201,666,082.00 1,363,349,320
96 Mathira 69,749,494 99,718,745 105,607,829 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 152,835,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,320,621,108
97 Othaya 65,954,738 93,969,589 99,467,549 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,248,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,272,813,594
98 Mukurweini 67,215,311 95,879,390 101,507,277 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,277,990,696
99 Nyeri Town 63,177,178 89,761,514 94,973,192 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,276,941,262
100 Mwea 74,941,821 107,585,256 114,009,510 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 165,705,316.00 201,666,082.00 1,372,487,950
101 Gichugu 67,178,399 95,823,468 101,447,550 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,867,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,294,258,795
102 Ndia 66,274,384 94,453,861 99,984,766 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 159,031,629.00 1,259,667,067
103 Kirinyaga Central 66,713,108 95,118,540 100,694,664 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,593,033.00 167,748,320.00 1,277,447,630
104 Kangema 64,643,255 91,982,659 97,345,445 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,251,719,415
105 Mathioya 65,769,826 93,689,444 99,168,345 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 159,213,629.00 1,257,763,671
106 Kiharu 76,179,978 109,461,096 116,012,966 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,346,324,080
107 Kigumo 71,001,111 101,614,978 107,633,065 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,309,278,532
108 Maragwa 76,261,689 109,584,890 116,145,183 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,346,661,802
109 Kandara 74,393,111 106,753,947 113,121,646 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,338,938,744
110 Gatanga 74,527,652 106,957,779 113,339,345 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,339,494,816
111 Gatundu South 67,569,836 96,416,506 102,080,933 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,279,455,993
112 Gatundu North 68,004,552 97,075,112 102,784,345 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,281,252,727
113 Juja 65,909,343 93,900,816 99,394,096 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,288,233,633
114 Thika Town 71,022,496 101,647,376 107,667,667 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,309,366,917
115 Ruiru 70,752,792 101,238,767 107,231,260 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 165,705,316.00 201,666,082.00 1,355,174,182
116 Githunguri 66,686,959 95,078,924 100,652,354 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,291,447,615
117 Kiambu Town 65,799,783 93,734,828 99,216,817 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,272,140,146
118 Kiambaa 67,071,168 95,661,010 101,274,040 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,293,035,596
119 Kabete 67,355,903 96,092,391 101,734,768 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,294,212,440
120 Kikuyu 68,631,874 98,025,521 103,799,411 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,299,486,184
121 Limuru 71,756,880 102,759,987 108,855,971 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,312,402,216
122 Lari 69,573,221 99,451,687 105,322,602 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,303,376,888
123 Turkana North 97,306,777 141,468,751 150,198,152 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,433,643,720
124 Turkana West 116,070,134 169,895,727 180,559,059 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,526,835,621
125 Turkana Central 89,136,726 129,090,909 136,978,226 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,384,235,239
126 Loima 90,624,556 131,345,010 139,385,677 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,374,743,961
127 Turkana South 93,426,132 135,589,471 143,918,895 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,401,963,876
128 Turkana East 83,279,781 120,217,483 127,501,128 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,626.00 1,328,746,445
129 Kapenguria 82,288,101 118,715,063 125,896,495 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,371,569,699
130 Sigor 75,564,691 108,528,920 115,017,373 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,312,499,702
131 Kacheliba 93,908,056 136,319,599 144,698,695 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,419,596,390
132 Pokot South 82,914,629 119,664,268 126,910,276 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,342,877,891

102 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND(NG-CDF)

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2013/2014 TO 2023/2024 FINANCIAL YEAR
CODE CONSTITUENCY 2013/2014 2014/2015 2015/2016 2016,/2017 2017,/2018 2018,/2019 2019,/2020 2020,/2021 2021,/2022 2022,/2023 2023,/2024 Total

133 Samburu West 76,050,163 109,264,424 115,802,914 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,330,146,879
134 Samburu North 75,681,472 108,705,847 115,206,337 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,344,263,696
135 Samburu East 71,145,658 101,833,969 107,866,954 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,294,235,299
136 Kwanza 81,242,330 117,130,692 124,204,337 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,281,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,336,032,077
137 Endebess 71,153,805 101,846,313 107,880,138 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,278,628,312
138 Saboti 75,426,946 108,320,233 114,794,489 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,327,571,046
139 Kiminini 80,952,765 116,691,994 123,735,794 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,366,050,593
140 Cherangany 83,145,328 120,013,783 127,283,569 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,390,753,381
141 Soy 79,156,878 113,971,178 120,829,876 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,857,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,374,293,633
142 Turbo 77,368,352 111,261,514 117,935,869 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,351,235,775
143 Moiben 74,163,788 106,406,516 112,750,579 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,322,350,261
144 Ainabkoi 69,777,798 99,761,627 105,653,627 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,272,941,108
145 Kapseret 67,792,669 96,754,103 102,441,497 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,487,603.00 175,391,410.00 1,296,447,247
146 Kesses 72,570,295 103,992,333 110,172,155 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,300,123,501
147 Marakwet East 73,436,850 105,305,185 111,574,323 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,601,720.00 1,303,713,076
148 Marakwet West 77,460,899 111,401,725 118,085,619 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,141,901.00 1,351,630,283
149 Keiyo North 66,053,271 94,118,870 99,626,985 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,273,187,844
150 Keiyo South 74,946,274 107,592,002 114,016,716 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,341,225,032
151 Tinderet 75,928,357 109,079,884 115,605,820 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,565,433.00 166,593,720.00 1,314,353,179
152 Aldai 77,598,455 111,610,126 118,308,199 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 152,512,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,352,738,820
153 Nandi Hills 70,068,167 100,201,542 106,123,471 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,603,720.00 1,289,791,898
154 Chesumei 71,029,957 101,658,679 107,679,740 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,309,397,754
155 Emgwen 70,488,348 100,838,128 106,803,365 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,291,518,559
156 Mosop 75,150,991 107,902,154 114,347,967 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,915,991.00 1,357,729,813
157 Tiaty 87,002,584 125,857,628 133,524,979 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,406,695,892
158 Baringo North 75,016,762 107,698,794 114,130,773 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,325,875,707
159 Baringo Central 69,949,783 100,022,188 105,931,915 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,304,933,264
160 Baringo South 70,961,468 101,554,917 107,568,918 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,293,474,021
161 Mogotio 66,563,284 94,891,553 100,452,235 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,259,655,128
162 Eldama Ravine 67,697,361 96,609,709 102,287,280 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,311,264,390
163 Laikipia West 86,717,871 125,426,280 133,064,286 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,347,901.00 1,390,096,477
164 Laikipia East 71,575,155 102,484,668 108,561,922 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,311,651,123
165 Laikipia North 73,494,699 105,392,828 111,667,928 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,303,944,173
166 Molo 68,236,748 97,426,895 103,160,060 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,282,212,421
167 Njoro 79,218,665 114,064,786 120,929,853 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,358,883,344
168 Naivasha 79,714,596 114,816,135 121,732,317 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 165,705,316.00 201,666,082.00 1,392,214,411
169 Gilgil 73,529,506 105,445,561 111,724,249 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,319,728,694
170 Kuresoi South 74,645,444 107,136,238 113,529,945 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,308,700,345
171 Kuresoi North 74,237,528 106,518,234 112,869,897 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,307,014,377
172 Subukia 70,519,933 100,885,980 106,854,472 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 158,087,629.00 1,276,270,441
173 Rongai 72,922,727 104,526,276 110,742,423 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,988,803.00 175,361,810.00 1,318,122,004
174 Bahati 72,594,027 104,028,286 110,210,555 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,315,862,246
175 Nakuru Town West 63,139,839 89,704,944 94,912,773 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,138,901.00 1,292,436,596
176 Nakuru Town East 63,680,666 90,524,311 95,787,883 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,279,022,238

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 103

 Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND(NG-CDF)

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2013/2014 TO 2023/2024 FINANCIAL YEAR
CODE CONSTITUENCY 2013/2014 2014/2015 2015/2016 2016,/2017 2017,/2018 2018,/2019 2019,/2020 2020,/2021 2021,/2022 2022,/2023 2023,/2024 Total

177 Kilgoris 81,173,777 117,026,832 124,093,412 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,366,964,061
178 Emurua Dikirr 72,410,169 103,749,737 109,913,055 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,299,461,679
179 Narok North 73,705,869 105,712,757 112,009,622 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,336,098,288
180 Narok East 68,089,445 97,203,728 102,921,711 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,281,603,602
181 Narok South 82,149,661 118,505,322 125,672,486 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 152,747,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,371,784,509
182 Narok West 76,699,789 110,248,624 116,854,072 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,317,191,203
183 Kajiado North 69,115,807 98,758,692 104,582,462 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,301,486,339
184 Kajiado Central 74,542,261 106,979,912 113,362,984 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,323,914,535
185 Kajiado East 70,219,170 100,430,316 106,367,808 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,306,046,672
186 Kajiado West 77,183,331 110,981,202 117,636,488 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,334,830,399
187 Kajiado South 78,964,640 113,679,933 120,518,817 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,342,192,768
188 Kipkelion East 72,243,727 103,497,573 109,643,736 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,298,773,754
189 Kipkelion West 72,556,787 103,971,867 110,150,296 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,300,067,668
190 Ainamoi 69,786,836 99,775,319 105,668,251 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,319,900,446
191 Bureti 79,755,571 114,878,214 121,798,619 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,376,743,105
192 Belgut 71,547,004 102,442,020 108,516,371 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,311,534,773
193 Sigowet/Soin 72,758,187 104,276,993 110,476,181 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,300,900,079
194 Sotik 83,586,882 120,682,749 127,998,046 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,361,297,055
195 Chepalungu 87,620,803 126,794,246 134,525,317 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,377,969,744
196 Bomet East 78,360,411 112,764,510 119,541,117 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,339,695,416
197 Bomet Central 76,170,798 109,447,189 115,998,113 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,330,645,478
198 Konoin 77,151,479 110,932,946 117,584,949 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,334,698,752
199 Lugari 84,286,365 121,742,485 129,129,878 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 152,511,874.00 184,529,901.00 1,380,780,468
200 Likuyani 77,911,938 112,085,061 118,815,444 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,337,841,821
201 Malava 88,227,101 127,712,804 135,506,366 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,411,756,972
202 Lurambi 72,577,226 104,002,833 110,183,370 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,331,433,469
203 Navakholo 79,159,288 113,974,829 120,833,776 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,342,997,271
204 Mumias West 70,710,004 101,173,942 107,162,024 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,638,033.00 166,681,720.00 1,292,945,688
205 Mumias East 73,286,606 105,077,562 111,331,214 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,287,443,438
206 Matungu 81,134,784 116,967,757 124,030,317 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,351,162,236
207 Butere 79,819,089 114,974,444 121,901,396 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,345,724,307
208 Khwisero 76,654,053 110,179,332 116,780,065 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,306,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,317,093,168
209 Shinyalu 84,102,728 121,464,271 128,832,736 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,379,069,775
210 Ikolomani 75,080,891 107,795,950 114,234,538 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,310,500,097
211 Vihiga 67,056,606 95,638,949 101,250,478 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,277,334,751
212 Sabatia 67,279,717 95,976,968 101,611,493 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 152,550,374.00 184,129,901.00 1,310,128,418
213 Hamisi 80,682,798 116,282,986 123,298,960 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,380,575,445
214 Luanda 69,396,664 99,184,197 105,036,915 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,302,647,154
215 Emuhaya 72,298,219 103,580,130 109,731,909 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,283,358,314
216 Mt. Elgon 87,818,735 127,094,118 134,845,590 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 153,432,774.00 184,129,901.00 1,395,901,083
217 Sirisia 74,759,341 107,308,794 113,714,240 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,293,530,431
218 Kabuchai 79,417,240 114,365,633 121,251,167 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,328,422,758
219 Bumula 85,034,676 122,876,196 130,340,717 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,398,562,290
220 Kanduyi 90,327,994 130,895,711 138,905,812 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 165,705,316.00 201,666,082.00 1,436,080,880
221 Webuye East 71,547,621 102,442,954 108,517,370 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 158,487,629.00 1,280,918,001

104 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND(NG-CDF)

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2013/2014 TO 2023/2024 FINANCIAL YEAR
CODE CONSTITUENCY 2013/2014 2014/2015 2015/2016 2016,/2017 2017,/2018 2018,/2019 2019,/2020 2020,/2021 2021,/2022 2022,/2023 2023,/2024 Total

222 Webuye West 77,167,470 110,957,173 117,610,824 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,319,124,185
223 Kimilili 67,959,286 97,006,533 102,711,100 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,281,065,637
224 Tongaren 84,144,074 121,526,910 128,899,637 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,379,240,661
225 Teso North 78,429,333 112,868,928 119,652,639 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,355,620,940
226 Teso South 82,307,345 118,744,218 125,927,634 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,371,649,237
227 Nambale 75,112,608 107,844,002 114,285,860 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 167,037,620.00 1,311,075,088
228 Matayos 77,118,704 110,883,290 117,531,915 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,334,563,287
229 Butula 81,815,148 117,998,526 125,131,211 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 152,323,674.00 184,129,901.00 1,369,978,425
230 Funyula 75,763,428 108,830,012 115,338,949 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,313,321,107
231 Budalangi 71,416,710 102,244,621 108,305,543 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,295,355,592
232 Ugenya 71,734,746 102,726,454 108,820,156 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,296,670,074
233 Ugunja 69,415,690 99,213,023 105,067,702 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,271,444,471
234 Alego Usonga 80,470,583 115,961,475 122,955,577 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,364,057,675
235 Gem 79,342,996 114,253,151 121,131,032 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,359,397,219
236 Bondo 74,304,713 106,620,021 112,978,608 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,338,573,382
237 Rarieda 71,102,715 101,768,910 107,797,469 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,116,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,309,727,472
238 Kisumu East 76,051,617 109,266,625 115,805,266 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,330,152,886
239 Kisumu West 76,304,678 109,650,020 116,214,743 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,331,198,819
240 Kisumu Central 63,136,381 89,699,706 94,907,179 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,292,413,306
241 Seme 71,345,361 102,136,525 108,190,093 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,295,060,697
242 Nyando 78,207,229 112,532,435 119,293,253 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,425,810.00 1,339,126,295
243 Muhoroni 77,191,889 110,994,169 117,650,337 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,334,865,773
244 Nyakach 76,741,363 110,311,610 116,921,342 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,333,003,693
245 Kasipul 75,059,249 107,763,163 114,199,520 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,326,051,310
246 Kabondo Kasipul 74,918,207 107,549,481 113,971,301 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,309,827,707
247 Karachuonyo 80,295,385 115,696,045 122,672,089 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,378,974,220
248 Rangwe 72,560,942 103,978,163 110,157,021 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,300,084,844
249 Homa Bay Town 72,007,472 103,139,640 109,261,452 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,297,797,282
250 Ndhiwa 84,326,539 121,803,350 129,194,883 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,395,635,473
251 Mbita(suba north) 72,307,304 103,593,893 109,746,609 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,314,677,184
252 Suba(south) 74,630,545 107,113,665 113,505,836 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,308,638,764
253 Rongo 70,196,227 100,395,557 106,330,685 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,290,311,187
254 Awendo 71,268,576 102,020,193 108,065,848 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,294,743,335
255 Suna East 74,165,609 106,409,274 112,753,524 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,306,717,125
256 Suna West 73,360,562 105,189,607 111,450,881 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,303,389,768
257 Uriri 76,761,203 110,341,668 116,953,445 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,333,085,694
258 Nyatike 77,092,295 110,843,280 117,489,182 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,365,735,458
259 Kuria West 86,922,090 125,735,678 133,394,733 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 158,832,745.00 192,897,991.00 1,406,363,202
260 Kuria East 72,988,976 104,626,645 110,849,620 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,317,494,619
261 Bonchari 74,868,981 107,474,902 113,891,649 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,309,624,250
262 South Mugirango 83,063,905 119,890,426 127,151,820 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,374,776,191
Bomachoge
263 Borabu 76,430,298 109,840,338 116,418,009 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,717,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,316,579,363
264 Bobasi 88,552,495 128,205,784 136,032,885 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 165,705,316.00 201,666,082.00 1,428,742,527
Bomachoge
265 Chache 72,710,357 104,204,529 110,398,787 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 131,342,462.00 157,825,629.00 1,285,061,729
266 Nyaribari Masaba 77,175,000 110,968,581 117,623,008 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,334,795,967

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 105

 Chapter Seven | Projects in figures and graphics

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CONSTITUENCIES DEVELOPMENT FUND(NG-CDF)

ALLOCATIONS FROM 2013/2014 TO 2023/2024 FINANCIAL YEAR
CODE CONSTITUENCY 2013/2014 2014/2015 2015/2016 2016,/2017 2017,/2018 2018,/2019 2019,/2020 2020,/2021 2021,/2022 2022,/2023 2023,/2024 Total

267 Nyaribari Chache 76,941,155 110,614,299 117,244,624 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,349,470,118
Kitutu Chache
268 North 77,918,354 112,094,781 118,825,826 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,322,227,679
Kitutu Chache
269 South 73,722,278 105,737,617 112,036,174 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,320,525,447
270 Kitutu Masaba 87,769,627 127,019,718 134,766,129 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,394,225,514
271 West Mugirango 82,977,847 119,760,046 127,012,570 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,358,779,841
272 North Mugirango 76,831,905 110,448,783 117,067,847 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,397,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,333,687,913
273 Borabu 75,861,165 108,978,086 115,497,096 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,313,725,065
274 Westlands 65,005,250 92,531,090 97,931,187 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,284,496,905
275 Dagoretti North 64,977,823 92,489,538 97,886,808 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,284,383,547
276 Dagoretti South 64,083,427 91,134,504 96,439,588 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,280,686,897
277 Langata 63,146,101 89,714,432 94,922,906 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,276,812,817
278 Kibra 67,873,541 96,876,627 102,572,356 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,296,351,902
279 Roysambu 65,441,941 93,192,688 98,637,794 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,286,301,801
280 Kasarani 63,933,229 90,906,951 96,196,554 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,280,066,112
281 Ruaraka 67,610,957 96,478,805 102,147,470 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,295,266,610
282 Embakasi South 65,786,834 93,715,211 99,195,865 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,287,727,288
283 Embakasi North 64,607,566 91,928,589 97,287,696 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,282,853,229
284 Embakasi Central 61,693,900 87,514,309 92,573,105 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,270,810,692
285 Embakasi East 62,401,364 88,586,135 93,717,850 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,273,734,727
286 Embakasi West 61,063,686 86,559,518 91,553,359 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,252,565,281
287 Makadara 61,674,898 87,485,520 92,542,358 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 138,215,033.00 166,593,720.00 1,255,091,494
288 Kamukunji 63,213,127 89,815,978 95,031,361 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 145,087,603.00 175,361,810.00 1,277,089,844
289 Starehe 62,559,840 88,826,231 93,974,280 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,290,030,391
290 Mathare 68,489,371 97,809,625 103,568,828 81,896,551.72 98,189,655.17 116,948,275.86 137,367,724.14 137,088,879.31 137,088,879.00 151,960,174.00 184,129,901.00 1,314,537,864
ALLOCATION TO
CONSTITUENCIES 21,973,899,997 31,564,500,005 33,452,349,998 23,749,999,999 28,474,999,999 33,914,999,999 39,836,640,001 39,755,775,000 39,755,774,910 42,091,207,550 50,862,595,027 385,432,742,485

81,896,552 98,189,655 116,948,276 137,367,724 137,088,879 137,088,879 145,142,095 175,388,259 1,329,078,422

106 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress

NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress | 107
 Memoir
NGCDF
National Government Constituencies Development Fund

Two Decades of Progress

108 | NGCDF Memoir Two Decades of Progress