Lecture 7
Emission inventory : concepts and applications
"it's a systematic collection , complication and collation of data concerning air pollution emission in a given industry / area is
referred to as emission inventory"
Application of emission inventory
guidance for pollution control
air quality modeling
decision making
education purpose
steps to making an emission inventory
1. Identify geographic area
2. pollutants of intreast
3. locate and identify sources
4. methods
5. estimate and quantify
Pollutant type
critieoia pollutants hazardous pollutants visibility and photochemical greenhouse
Spm, pm10 pm2.5 benzene etc hydrocarbons CO2
SO2 Pesticides NO2 CH4
NOx PAH O3 N2O
CO Diosins - -
Pb - - -
locating and identifying the sources
to name a few sources -
Natural (forest fires , volcanic eruption , wind storms)
Domestic (fuels , portable gen sets , refrigeration , chemicals and solvents)
internal combustion (public transport , stationary DG sets , registered vehicles , fuel loss and evaporation, off road sources )
industry (process release , mining)
others (mass burning or waste burning ,waste water treatment plants ,agriculture operations )
fugitive dust sources
"dust which we cannot calculate (which is out of our calculation model)" in case of industry
pollutants generated for the open sources exposed to air and are discharged into the atmosphere without a confined flow stream.
Road dust is the main sources of Fugitive dust on the IITK campus
Fumigation of malathion
for example
Delhi mai total pollution load is 2000 T/d
vehicular emission - 1400 T/d
Power generation 300 T/d
Other industries - 200 T/d
Miscellaneous - 100 T/d
Decisions
control vehicular pollution
what are the constituents (CO, HC, NOx , SO2, PM, Pb)
Priority Pollutant(s)
Which sources responsible to what extend ?
petrol , diesel ? 2-W, 3-W, Cars, Trucks ?
to answer these pollutants specific, source specific , area specific , information and smart database with quick retrieval
system needed
Source type
point sources :
Individual stationary sources of emission that release pollutants to the atmosphere
area sources :
Individual emissions don't qualify as point sources
Represents numerous facilities or activities with small amounts of a given pollutants
Line sources :
vehicles
NOTE - a source which is a area source on zoom in scale of map might become a point source on zoom out scale of the
map
so the source type (area or point source) depends on the scale of the map
where else line source remains line source in both scales
Role of regulatory agencies
1. Identification of sources
2. identification and recommendation of_
responsible agencies
1. Industry
1. monitoring and data supply
2. Institution
1. district supplies
2. transport sector
3. municipal bodies
3. Every individual of the community
Emission Factor :
Definition : emission factor is a representative value that links the quantity of a pollutant released to the atmosphere with an
activity associated with the release of that pollutant.
typically expressed as the amount of pollutant emitted per unit of activity (ex, Kg of pollutant per ton of material processed ,
g/day or g/km for vehicles).
used to estimate emission from various sources based on known activity data
emission factor are developed from separate facilities within an industry category
so they represent typical values for an industry and process
Few questions -
Why do we dilute with air when we measure emission factor -
because direct emission from stove have very conc. of pollutant that is out of the preferred range of the measuring instrument
Why do we use clean air when measuring the emission factor -
because if air is not clean that the emissions form the stove might have reaction with the other components and might change the
conc. of the pollutant we are measuring
1. why do we need emission factors ?
2. what if it is not available ?
1. emission inventory of that source can't be calculated
3. what if it is incorrect ?
4. what do you quantify ?
5. input parameters ?
Lecture 8
normal functiion
5
Y
4.5
3.5
2.5
1.5
0.5
-0.5
X
−1
−4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4
