FATIMA INTER COLLEGE
Session - 2024-2025
FULL WAVE RECTIFIER
Subject - PHYSICS
Roll No. - 44
Class - 12 A
Submitted To - MR. MANEESH KUMAR GUPTA
Submitted By - VIKAS YADAV
Date of submission
___________________
INDEX
1.AIM
2.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
3.CERTIFICATE
4.INTRODUCTION
5.MATERIALS REQUIRED
6.CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
7.WORKING
8.BIBLOGRAPHY
AIM
To construct a full wave rectifier and show that that
Alternating Current is rectified into a Direct
Current.
Introduction
A full wave rectifier is a device which is used to rectify all the
alternating current components in an alternating supply and
make it purely a direct current. The two alternating halves of
an alternation current are rectified in a full wave rectifier
which is an advantage over a half wave rectifier. Most
electronic devices cannot withstand very high voltage or
alternating current due to its intense high power. The use of
batteries in all devices is not practical as their replacement and
durability is a huge problem as the device has to be dismantled
each time for such a replacement. So these rectifiers are used
in most of the electronic devices like TV’s, Radios, Chargers,
and Lightings etc.
Materials required in the
construction
• Connecting wires
• A Plug
• Single lead wire - 2m
• 3 Nuts & Bolts 2 to 3cm length
• A Circuit board
• A Transformer
• A Capacitor
• A Resistor (1 K Ω)
• P-N junction diodes
• An LED
• Insulation tape, Blades, soldering wax, soldering lead,
soldering iron & sand paper.
Circuit Diagram
Connection details
Connections are done as in the circuit. The A.C. supply is given
to both the input wires of the transformer and the two ends
of the secondary coil is given to the P side of the two diodes
and the N side of the diodes are twined and then connected
to one en d of the capacitor and the other end to the centre
tap lead and to the resistor. Further, the other end of capacitor
with the diode connect ion is connected to the other end of
the resistor. Connect 2 leads on both the ends of the resistor
to measure the output and this is connected to the +ve & -ve
terminals of the bulb.
WORKING
1st when the A.C. is supplied to the transformer, it steps down
the 230V main supply to 6 volts. It has a capability of delivering
a current of 500mA. The 6 volts A.C. appearing across the
secondary is the RMS value and the peak value is 8.4 volts.
During the 1st half cycle of the A.C. input Diode D1 is forward
biased and a current ‘I’ flows in the circuit in the direction S1D1
ABEOS1. During this time diode D2 is reverse biased. So it does
not conduct any electric current. During the next half cycle the
diodeD2 is forward and D1 is reversed. Hence D2 conducts
current in the direction S2D2ABEOS2 and D1 does not conduct
any current. In subsequent half cycles of the A.C current the
above processes are repeated. In both the half cycles it is clear
that current flows through the resistor in only one direction
ABE. Even though the voltage across RL is unidirectional it will
still contain a few A.C components. This is filtered and made
smooth using a capacitor, which filters 99% of the A.C current.
A resistor is then used to adjust the output voltage. Capacitor
also nearly filters all A.C components from the supply and
resistance is adjusted for the required output. As this is a
simple circuit, only one capacitor and a resistance are being
used. But there will be slight factor of A.C. current still left in
the output but it is negligible. The output Direct Current and
voltage light up the LED.
GRAPH
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Physics-Textbook for Class XII ; NCERT
• Modern’s abc of PHYSICS
• Encyclopaedias
Websites:
• www.google.com
• www.wikipedia.org
• www.ncert.nic.in
ANKNOWLEDEMENT
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my physics
mentor Mr Maneesh Kumar Gupta, for his vital support,
guidance and encouragement throughout the year.
I am grateful to my parents whose blessings and wishes have
gone a long way in the completion of this arduous task.
I thank my friends and batch mates, without their prompt
support my efforts would have been in vain.
THANK YOU ALL!!
VIKAS YADAV
XII-A
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr Vikas Yadav of class XII of FATIMA
INTER COLLEGE has successfully completed the project on
“FULL WAVE RECTIFIER” within the stipulated time with
sincerity and devotion under my guidance towards the
fulfilment of credit for the Physics Project evaluation.
Mr MANEESH KUMAR GUPTA
(Faculty of Physics)
