Class Notes: Environmental Science
Date: November 2, 2024
Introduction to Environmental Science
● Definition: The interdisciplinary study of the environment, including physical, biological,
and social sciences.
● Importance: Understanding environmental issues is crucial for sustainability and
conservation efforts.
Ecosystems
● Definition: A community of living organisms interacting with their physical environment.
● Biomes: Major ecological areas defined by climate and vegetation (e.g., forests, deserts,
tundras).
● Food Chains and Webs: Represent energy flow through trophic levels from producers
to consumers and decomposers.
Biodiversity
● Definition: The variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem; includes species
diversity, genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity.
● Importance of Biodiversity: Essential for ecosystem stability, resilience, and the
provision of ecosystem services.
Human Impact on the Environment
● Pollution: Air, water, and soil pollution sources and effects; includes greenhouse gases
and plastic waste.
● Climate Change: Effects of global warming and climate variability on ecosystems and
human health.
● Deforestation and Habitat Loss: Consequences for wildlife and biodiversity.
Conservation and Sustainability
● Conservation Methods: Protected areas, restoration ecology, and sustainable resource
management.
● Sustainable Practices: Reducing waste, recycling, renewable energy sources, and
sustainable agriculture.
