PANIC ALARM –PROJECT REPORT
INTRODUCTION:
In our day to day life,we are highly engaged with
different activities.Some incidents or activities makes us to get
panic.It is mostly observed during the night time when we are in a
solitary place.It could be due to some bad health issues or when
some intruder enters into our house.The Panic alarm is used to
send emergency signal and intimate the people around us that we
are in danger situation. In this report we shall see about
construction,working,advantages &disadvantages and some
interesting facts about it.
COMPONENTS USED:
555 IC Timer
Resistor -1 kΩ,22kΩ,100 kΩ
Capacitor-10 µF
9 V battery
Push button
Mini buzzer/LED
Bread board
Connecting wires.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PURPOSE OF COMPONENTS:
This panic alarm is designed using 555 IC Timer which is an
integrated circuit chip used for generating pulse.The use of
resistors 1kΩ, 22kΩ,100 kΩ as in general,is used to resist the
flow of current in a circuit.the main use of capacitor is to store
energy and to supply energy wherever needed.The 9V battery used
in the circuit of panic alarm is the main source of power
supply.Push buttons are power controlling sources of circuit.Mini
buzzer is used as a timer and indicating alarm source for the
circuit.the breadboard is a board where wires are connected and
circuit is made.
WORKING OF PANIC ALARM:
There are three popular configurations of 555 timer IC,
Astable mode
Monostable mode
Bistable mode.
Here in this panic alarm circuit ,the IC 555 is used in the
Astable mode with the frequency depending on the values of
resistors R2, R3 and C2. The values of R2 = 100KΩ, R3 = 22KΩ
and C2 = 10µF.
NOTE: Astable mode works as a oscillator circuit, in which output
oscillate at a particular frequency and generate pulses in
rectangular wave form.
By substituting the given parameters in the respective
formulas for IC 555 in astable mode,the frequency of operation of
the circuit is calculated to be 1 Hz. We know that Time
period(T)=1/Frequency, By finding the time period of the circuit
by using the frequency information, we get the time period of the
circuit as 1 second. This means the circuit has a on -off repeating
time period of about 1 second.
After analyzing the ON and OFF time period of the panic alarm
circuit given above, we find that the circuit will remain on for
about 0.845 seconds and off for about 0.152 seconds.
The circuit is in the disabled mode when the button is not pressed
and hence the alarm will not function when the button is not
pressed. Although the power supply will be supplied to the IC 555
all the time, the circuit will operate in the astable mode only when
the IC is enabled. The IC is in the enable mode only when pin 4 of
the 555 IC is given a high voltage.This happens only when the
button is pressed. For the purpose of demonstration, a simple
Buzzer is connected to the output of the 555 IC.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES:
PROS:
The wireless panic buttons are portable so the user can carry it
around with him.
These devices are very small and therefore, they can be hidden
easily for safety.
Generally, the wireless buttons send 'silent' alarm so that the
intruders can detect it.
The wireless panic alarms can use both electricity and battery
and therefore, it functions in time of power cuts.
CONS:
The wireless version can be a bit more expensive than the
hardwired versions.
Generally, there is a specific range of functionality for every
wireless panic button beyond which they don't perform quite
brilliantly
The signal from the wireless panic buttons may be subject to
disturbance from the wireless signals emitting from other
electronic devices.
APPLICATIONS OF PANIC ALARM:
1.Usage in working places:
A panic alarm can offer security in working places where
problems can arise at any time.In those critical times,panic alarm
helps them to get rid of those problems by intimating others.
2.Usage in fire stations:
It is also used in fire stations to check the places which are at
danger and helps out people in solving it.
3.Usage in hospitals and dispensaries:
It is used in hospitals to check and indicate whether a person
is in danger.if he/she is in danger,they would get cured soon by
their appropriate treatments at correct time.
FUTURE USE:
As the technologies and its usage is growing rapidly,the usage
of panic alarm will get more popular and it usage would grow
rapidly. Over the next decade,it would become more easily
accessible one for all.Since the panic alarm has very less
disadvantages,the demand for the need of panic alarm would rise.
CONCLUSION:
As we know,the panic alarm increases the security of us and
would easily save us.In this way one can be stress free by using
this alarm and lead a stress free life.
Hope it will get easily accessible soon!!
