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Java Unit 2 R23

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
407 views16 pages

Java Unit 2 R23

Uploaded by

maneeshgopisetty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

<br> <br>

O
nty 21
( class: elass is
cdlection of objects
classes ond obiects' logical entity

Int roduction
2 class declaration and modifers
3 class memberfs 2xms
r declaration o class obie ct Sytay for
Acsighing One object to andter
object creation:
6ccess Cortal for cass menbe

TAcestngprvate members. gf class class hame


S:
Final
lass and Methods. clas creationde clatien
só iooiavy) hodfn
|4 Construdor
Overloaded
methods for
const rucor
clods class dassname Lhoit
|lo
|llt
methodsounesss
Nested classes
Basing argume nts by valae
Na ond by refetene 2id
|3
13
Abt his' keyword class
class object lassteorm| person
2 Methods 22)
2243 Vehicle Cof Data Mame
fraits Agc
Jntroduction aypes memte
Attibate Rol-No hottst
pecsn Methods Yead
Raju
|2- Defining Methods
|3 Overloede d methods!
Over loaded construta imethods class Rertarg le u ä Ret De moo - 22a3
-
|s class object
, -as, parameters in mettods Juble stati weid
it
int
length)
bíeoth;
6ACtesS Cosro l.
Recursive mehAli int areal) Rectagk obje r ecargle)
|
obj
Nestng tmethods Veturn ergth beysi tate leng
l
beašt he 2j di,
4'ouer riding metho d.ss4 ob-
S yste m'out print!nArear
kottribtes and statieon dtyol ac
tobj are )J;
3
to
<br>

dhother
<br>

one obje ct
class Mernbes
body ofa closs
clacs Memes are
decaed ih dhe
We sending Aobieet data to anothe r
These
tnay lComprise fields, methods, nested clas
intesfaces
ofe)
Dermo The types voriable
x: Cass Reclanglel Ret fielas com
pie
uo
tao f
int Aength,;
ubli statie void main (Streg
int breadth; Types variablks statie
int areal) Re ctonglel re 9ikreon-sttir
objle
e breadth; Rec tong el
obj
ehun Lengh
Yetuo
locold Instan ce Varjable
te tContains
cbylengthe loj
obit- Keadthele; objeci
a) Insturnce Variobes These
e ae indiidual to an
Ave a ofobjec:
Systemiout ptln tobioreaJ in the
objec,
aj Coy
o the Variables
objl =objs, memoy

These Va (iables afe Sco local in


2 areal))
ob Sco
and ot acce
ssablectsibe ths, So
2 class yatioble
s331
Decatation of class object The se Narables are alsoquaige d as smstatii:
name O; Vogiobla Malae these
= new chss The of Varcables a Ye
lass ame obiectname
Conman all the objecs af the
thase vánib
2. as (efeten e 3
The class Copy
All
nane' the abjects share he Sane
narme Obje ct
ikis class
class sample

o;
Static intt
pub lie statie doid pmaincstring argec)
nt onstrutor:.
<br> <br>

va viabl.
'Samle obj= new Sample( Jy
E for insfanco
(vafasleed
meábers
mem
system out print Anl a Alee'ss Conttó) claks
(
System 'out dn (
print An 4 Sampleb) Constructor mthodsfor ia
system: o ut
intdnce"); 1: Jayo method calle d Con structor.
sonides scial
2: The class name and he
eshould
constructor name
Sub classes be
03 the Same
class Sample 3 has no feturn tyPe, it does not vetrn ny
int alae
aslo ti even also
int ;
static int e
=soj methd s 4nd
,

t use d to

ctass' Sanple Oemo


statie void main (sting args(1){
C
onstrut
ime
initialang
e object
object of the claus

ulic Cre
attd The
is
Constracor method is ttomatically
ew Sample JimhoyCalled
Sample obj<ct
Constractoroo
2
wthot
Systemo td prin ne a parameterized Con
stractor

Sytem out print Ancbe"tobj-b); default const


Sample c factor:. doe s not
t any
Constuctor which
Sys temout pirtAnd= "4d); scejt Jafa neter.

1 alameterized Constractor : Con strucior which accept

ang aameter
Consttactos
<br> <br>

Dtault hoRarameterized Constractor Overloaded1 Constuctor. methods

class kectonge class Rectorngle poiln


more than
Constructor with
ina
length, breadthy 2 patamettrs
int kength,bíeadth; nn int Same,class wth different cal
Rectonglec) boolbectangle (int x, (nt y) Constructor oueióaded. method

systemat pinttn ('oefat Rectangle


breadth =j new
ntw Rectngle ( toj ko);
V Rectangle
Rectangle
r2eznew
breat th r3 Rectangie (30
lo;ot) eont
Tect Are al ) Reetanglere
ru =
int new
pmsfs s
int rectAreal)) reta(n ( length* beadth);
Lrogcam
retun (length x bre oth) ;
class Retangle
clacs Rectangle Derno
Iength cadth
class Recarge Demo mainltring Rectongle
Jublie sttic Void
)
{ Systemout- pinthn Area
Defaut double TectAete )
statie void main (sting 3s"engthlo? Construter"
elic Retengle(ig
{
Rectangle8e ienew et
fectgle r:
Aength *braodhy
rintn"rere a g
ne
6ystem out
"
syte ud pntin Aea of
ectangle *
trl. ctAea) Rectang'e (doubk xà ouble' )iOssrhisJ
rectargl *rfectArcal)); Syten odt- prnttn ('paamterized
Constut);
length=x;
eadth = y;
dton
Rect an gle(double z)

length s;
bre ath:Zj
<br> <br>

class Rectangle Demo

publie statie vod


[Link] (String ars(1) watige
Sytem out pint n Ad;trönà"+at blhe
Rectangle Re ctangiel
Reckongle
class
Rectange
ThisExam
ple)pts/
Retange (i2);,
yuble state void moin(string argL
Syten ot- entAn
Aeat. eckange2s torrect Area);
Syatem out printtn ofAen
ectangle='*r3 ket Area)
obj -add
double rectl, rect rect 3,

Yectle rl. Veaf Arcal;


Yect * J'inal class and
nrect. Areac); Methods
rect3= f3 rect A(eals;
Systetm'ot;intnl c hon b'access' modifiers
m
usedto
System otprintAn
T
he nal ReyoKd iistoa
Systeimdutrintkn3 rect J; classes, attributes (vafia blesd k ethodsd;Thatt means.
cons tant.
it makes them chgable (
Reqword this
2- The final Reyoard is used ways:
In
The tayuotd is teference varia ble Jrovides
2shivo
2- Metheds
rejerence to the Current object 3
classes
Final variable: you Variable as
If make we
.
t: class This Oemo
Cont thange the lalue of final vuble (eongtant
Nay}
int ab; Roqyom
set a
Void Valae (nt ,int h) dass Final Demo

final int aalo;


this a =4, pabtie
sttie void main(stmg argst)
class as
<br> <br>

jina
final Demoob =
neFinal Demo (O; you mate any
sytem out- rintn"a + obj oJ;ehx: e eend
3
otjas26;
we Cant efckatgk ih class student
I· final cacs Bike tfinal
Sytem ougrintn (' t
Uoid readC)
Void anNC) {
output
to fioal variable
a sopread ing';
0s
valae
obja =2o
studentkits erter
cbss Honda ertends 6ke
class
student
Final Motha ang mnethod as
fnal
mate
you
void roun)R
void rea&)i}
you tant over ride t tog
not read
So-p( Toning sgely" hssop(
h
gib)oien Aáss stadent
stalkvoid main
class 8iRe { read o [Link], doid mainsting agst public
void
(eiefinal
final voidan) reading" Honda h ne Hortaly stadent kits S=hew stude
Rit)
System oul-pinldn (' tanning extentsstudt
S•readC;
class sH
class Hoda ktends Bite void read ()
not read Vested clses
s"o-C
Void,func)

Sgote mad rintko


ramng safely ath lo
public satte void
- Member
rmainstr inner
pubic statie woid main (st ing gsc
hew stHO;
2-, Anod class
SSsS•veadc =
3
local class
Honda( y stttc?Nésted class
Honda heew
h run )

ole
over ride becoz it is
Tan in Honda class Cant
a
assigred with ftral
<br>

Access control 4or clacsmembe rs':"


<br>

Aecess moditiers, .. for methods

ault:
* Access modifiers Jor variables linstone sttie riableJ oill be
': 21 mehod is aid to defautit
t Default ohich ate defne n tfo
2 Public ccessable to the dass
Sarne Jackae
potected define d in te
which is
in class
a
De ault vafiable s, said to default it will Same JACERgeoj an actess fhecVhvRDbt
method
iyia nheritae
be accessable to deine in the
he dass whichae
Some

)- Rublic :
the
t oll e
method difined in
"Any „.any cacs uhih is be publre
| uhen a metbed iso Sail to
Same Can acC eSS the variabk Via EVa cessa ble with any
nheritence (or) direct
clas
acce sS
2253)
2: Ahy thod in thy dats Can
qcess the given
mthod
via inheritonce.
|when said to be pabie it can be
sldois
3
acce ssable fon any clas. etrded :

Any method the


any lass cah aCcess ghen meod iš said to be protected inside a cla
mehed inheritane
it wil be acces sable ftom ts sab cas
) rotected class erert
in the Sa he ackage only
inside a class
t
a
oill
varioble
be
said
acce ssable
to
fom
pestectet
ts
s
subclass
2
Defre in the Same class feent Jaceage oly
via. inhertonce defihe prae t ol [Link] csable
Pitei uith in the clas it ii defired Such as

Nariables aYe not


ony within deftre de such
Jeom the class, t is,
he 'lass ot eveñ
its Sub clas
Nafiades ae ot accetsables fron outside

deghe class not en it


even Sub cass
<br> <br>

þublle Access rivote ACcess Pdected Defaut Tpes oj


visality modifes
Nested class
within the Yes yes Yes
Sarne class Yes
Inner Non-statre stati c
Yes
Westel dass Nested cbs
fromAny class yes No yes
in Sare )Member Jnnerclaas
b)Local Tnnerc las s
fom Any Sabcass Yes Ves
2 yes )Anonymous Tnnerclass
in Same pocRage

Yes Conly Non


From Ang sabclass stati ested ass
yes No by Jnrestane
fom aee nt jctag

ron- class
also called
anNg- sub No
fom 2- Jhner cass )u tostth
mo

jron ditjerent dadind inside


dayired * anohe inner class
a)Membe r Snner
class. Aaswhich is declared
dideNested 'elass as mernberb, wthin: andher class
hother
such
member 22 is called
iN
define a'cassoth Jnner class
ht
called Slax:.
class is
pesicklass
- outerclacss
Syntax class
code
Ne sted class qblic clas
class innef closs
class
Jvale
otete

Types o Neted class.


CJass Oter
there afe tuo tyyes of Nested class
e
irt lenghi
|' Non-statie sted clacs int wth;
2
stti Nested class Outer (int aitt b)
length a;
<br> <br>

it aea()
{ outet method Aronymus clacs
a clacs
etuín deng * width;
Aength deared without natte
object ce ae The inner claSs is
Vod outecdispayl) is called Aronymous inner class

Tnner in =
he
Syntaxi
Ihner);
in inner- dis playly class ome new class name()

cass Jnner

void inne, displayc) anonymus das ik deftned by an o perdt ir


Sycte out-prirtda"Area4 area")
2- his class Can be inplermented with abstract clau
erhes
class Nested Demo
statie bid main (Aung
blie
abstact lass Poron ) sy bi

neuw
outer obi
ch outer-displayy abstact void dispayu:d
closs Anonynousemo
2) clacs outer

class nner
stotte Noid main
soid \Tmet display (inic oRerson Pnew
Vid daylay
outer obje ewoter(
vgid oute- displayC
[Link](} bis
Seagiihnto
ne u P-desplay
Linne ins Innerc;
in innerdisplayl
<br> <br>

Local inner class (or) Mehod Local das


sttic
cass de clared in a blocle the
chss f use
block. ;To, a nested
Stoe he lacs isinted tohe declae n,
sie
SsC
2- The aCCesS modifiets ublie piater otet a
stotic keywoe 22935

do not
aply local elass pablic , piuter petected
2
St nay be declaad
3 These afe not visi ble ou side the blosk. tmodyer
3• It Can be aCcesse d by an outer lass ame
) lass Outer 22013

public static void mairn (sting args() Cannst declae

class Local 2) doss outer ogtan

int x}
tt stticclass outer stotic class Sner.
vsi à oater-0 splay)
focal (int a) hiou void ihnetbisplay)
closs nne&
are
[Link]) static oter (nt a rt by
Areat
Void d
isyoy)
So: knHi,I am in Aengtho
Innerelars

Local obj : new Locol (1o


int ofea)
Ianer ine ne Ihner();
obj disgaycO;
in fnne-Displa
yj
skat votd
class LocalDemo oterdeyay
vod maip(tring Inner in= new Inner();
args) in innet-èislayty
oter obje
hew oute(l
q°bjoute-Puplayly
<br>

stdic - rrodifer <br>

Regword : St is
aced tor mainly rremary
i cla ss Yonstatie Petma 1

nangenent
oypicable jar veriahle, int
2 The sttic static, int b=loj
nested classes
methods, blocks ánd statie vod drpay(y
3 be used with
The staic Can

(- Variables
So-pn welcarne to stalc
Method

2- Methods
3
Block void shoo()
b' Nested classes
. SofAn welocone to class Method
Ivariables:
To decare lariable as atat then it is
stati
Called static Variable. 2s

2- static mtho
declate
tmethod wth a static then t
is called sttic method
lass stetExample bodtsi
method"be long: [Link] the
2-The
stat
sta
method. inokeswthoutcreattng .en object
{ pallie Static, void main
(stingfgs ()
of the class statieDe mg
sd=ne tc Demoty;
A
is 4sed to initialize st dic cdata memberg Oytemout prt n
B=4static Demo-b; 7h2
before the main method. i*StatteDemo displayc;sini
2-3t is eke cued
<br> <br>

2- (all by reference :-
Passing arquments by ahve k byafeence -the object will be paased
to
Jn Call by eference
-
aigumonts are the methods ohich are dec lare d bsvathei method as agunent,
the akees
tn the methad
poye b Yecicve
be passa
Brogam

AS a
to the
me
thod. olg aments Can classsuapsibod
in two ways int ab;
Vsid
setalues(s wap ob
Call by Nalue 2- all by eferene
asobjla to
lCall by Value. Jn call by alue actual oargoments beobjlbNo,
caped into farmal argutments veid swayping(

Stogtam: - it tem}
tempeaj
c CallByalue
closs Swap lass
Jermal pamles
GYb-teme; 4

int ab; PsUncstring agsí void displayl


Void setValues ([Link]
{ obj= new Sua) So-P CIn Suap clas: atat b:b}
Suap
aP
x=x,
3 So-Rinl'Be jore suag
void sua pping €
class {tcal ByReferenceo bois
ob' setvalucs (x9) te
int tern; obj sujping
=
tenp a (e Sua obj
ne
Suap;
a b; sön(er suig ob a=lo;

void dplay ut
Sytem yntin("oejoe sui"g
SoPAn(In Swap class
: as tat "b:b obj set valaes(obj

obj sayrha
temout
System out ptintAn fter swaing f"bsu.
<br>

Methods
<br>

Dverloaded Methods: -
and sop are
Method:.b Method s name
with the Same natures
dite rent Sg
A method represents ¢n action
actionon data Jpe
fmitted, jrovided,; they have,

they inlude the blbuiny.


behayiour of an object

Defning 2-Types Jaametets


3 They
f
order in the pAaneter kst t
Modifier ypem"method ameC )
{
e xamples
void methodll)ibots
2 Void nethod ( it
3 void methodi (int nint )t
roqrarm
melhd (int nint m, int P)
class add method \ (doiuble x, double y)

int acbj int Surn(int x,int y) biov


void set value s (int x,int y)
class 6verloadedMethod
hents Mit keb;
atb; {
Tetuin ; method )
Void
tl
Sum)
Sam atb)l S.0-PAoNo walue to etun
turn, at b;/5oPAnc
i soe void methodl nt n) so'Plnc Sabsttactton: 4(*-);

at9
pablic stahie Void mainGting argDon Class
Ouerloaded Oemo

void methodl (int n


int mAs(string:emá
A&"6b'new Addl); Methid obj=new
wtáo obj-set valu,es (lor2o) os
). S0-An ( Addition "(m)overlosded 2:eoverlodad Helt

hoolsso-rAnc'sum"
Su
obi-method 1(2o8oJ

obj method l(o-2, oi


<br>

overloa ded Constuctor Methods


Construçtor within <br>

nalhau
mofe fhan
metev
Yasing abject in consttuctor
class.
w
ith different jata
Same Gh
should sa rne class Rectangle avea( )
narne int
2' cass name Consluclor
it doesn't return any int ,b; retorn l*b;
3
No return tyye
method is atomatialy Retongle
a (onstuctor
of the dass
called henever new object class Oue rconst Method
credted nain (Strrn
publicsstate void
x
Yregiam [Link] Method Rectongle (int int )
chass i Ad Demo ss2
class
matn(String
Rectangle vhnew ;
Rectomglet

Rectagkb
Pablic static oid b=y} Rectangle lnew
int aib) Rectange ohj3=ngu Rectagle
Aàd
{
Democlhoee Add Demo ab new Add Derol
R (int n) Rectang le oj= new Kectgle
Oa\o; obil addO; (obj
Add Demo obi2 hew A Dem So-PAn¢'Rectlobilaread;
Add Demo(int x, int obj 2 oddlO; Otpdo SoPAncRect `obj2are&;
S
ropdnc Rect obj3afe at
{ Rectangle (Rectangle obi) S'opan c'Rectu' objlaeat

Void aáC) bs obi;


An ("addition "4atb)
Sgtem out pint
Methods
<br> <br>

class- cbject as parameter in Kecursiveethode 2L

as parametrs to itself is calle d


object can be ased The! method1caling
by

the methods typeofthe obiect f Ye cursive method


the 9

the class class, er: )Factorial


the Darne
it IS Called call by refeene fact nfact (n
IKogsam
sact e u
*jact (3)
Add beno
Demo fact 3 s y*3*oct 2
) class class
Swop itso ) Jact *
3* 2* factl
obj
yact *3*2*|
int abj void sd& (Adt
Qomo
void Sioap(Suoot obj
class Fact Exam
abbjla; class Factc -
publie ctatic
vord main (steng
argo

3
S0n"Adition=at int fac torial (int n)
void fact obi. ne factsj
Sooirg)
int temp
class Passo bj Jorlint i;icz6;i)
PSVM(string argsl)) s oPinc'Fatorialobifoctarali
-jatotempa
AdOe mo obileneuw torial (n-):
b=teme) Demd)
wi JsnJac
efurn
void displagL) objl"a= too
hAA
So-fCIn sunp clacs: a=a+btb obj 1-b =2oo)
objl adé Cobj!:
class by call by Rkfeetse
ERonple or fonaci Series

fibn-fib(n-gibln-))
Saap obj rew fb(ol=o
o
fib()=l
bj be lo fih( )|
SRAn Beore Suapig:a tat'btb);o fib( fib(3-) 4fib(3-2)=|tle2
2t\ =3
ob -set valaes (oo) fib (u)fib (u-) tfiblu-)s

obi displåy ), a b); 44


Sunppiny ta+'be"
S'6Lntef
<br>

Ioglam
<br>

Void weleome()
class fb
bon yesla ,
int ibgacilint So-PAnc weleome method tai)ibboscoh as
y haic ;
veturn n

else
class amaste
return fibonacci(0-04 fiboracei(n-y;te i
D
Jublie stattit wbid main(string argal

ca ss Fibtxa obj ew A(O;

joblie stati hid main (stang argsD obj hello;

for(int i-l; ic lo;it4) 2) cass Nestingetod


class
int afb} veid
pabie static Void main

ud6
2 a=lb; diry
Nesting of Methods NestingeMethod obj e ne
Meth
So-pincAditton="+ (atb))
anotber mehod in the Same mul
A method caling oasjo pj
class caled
Wes ting of mtheds void mnul()
is bonfsn
azS; b=c;
so-Pncatiplkcafion=4(a*b)
class A
A
Woid haiC)

S-o-Plncthis is hai method;

Void helloc
is hello metho ;
So-in cThis
welcome (;

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