1.
Data Sources and Ingestion:
Identify the diverse data sources, both internal and external, that
feed into the company's data ecosystem.
Internal Data Sources:
1. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems:
Financial data: General ledger, accounts payable,
accounts receivable, fixed assets, and inventory.
Supply chain data: Purchase orders, sales orders,
production schedules, and logistics.
Human resources data: Employee records, payroll,
and benefits.
2. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems:
Customer data: Accounts, contacts, leads,
opportunities, and sales activities.
Marketing data: Campaign management, email
marketing, and website analytics.
Support data: Tickets, cases, and customer
interactions.
3. Operational Databases and Transaction Systems:
Transactional data: Order management, inventory
management, and point-of-sale (POS) systems.
Logistical data: Fleet management, warehouse
management, and transportation systems.
Manufacturing data: Production planning, quality
control, and maintenance systems.
4. Enterprise Content Management (ECM) Systems:
Unstructured data: Documents, images, videos, and
other media files.
Knowledge management: Policies, procedures, and
technical manuals.
Collaboration data: File shares, wikis, and discussion
forums.
External Data Sources:
1. Third-Party APIs:
Market data: Stock prices, economic indicators, and
industry benchmarks.
Geospatial data: Maps, weather data, and location-
based services.
Social media data: Sentiment analysis, influencer
data, and customer engagements.
2. Web Scraping:
Competitor data: Pricing, product information, and
marketing strategies.
Industry news and trends: Trade publications, blogs,
and forums.
Customer reviews and feedback: E-commerce sites,
review platforms, and social media.
3. Public Data Repositories:
Government data: Census, economic, and
demographic information.
Research data: Academic publications, datasets, and
scientific papers.
Open-source data: Crowdsourced data, open data
initiatives, and community-contributed datasets.
4. Syndicated Data Providers:
Market research data: Industry trends, consumer
behavior, and competitive intelligence.
Demographic data: Household income, age, gender,
and other population statistics.
Firmographic data: Company size, industry, location,
and other business attributes.
Understand the mechanisms for ingesting and collecting data, such
as batch processing, real-time streaming, APIs, and web scraping.
- Batch processing : This type of data ingestion moves
data in batches at scheduled intervals and is best-suited
to applications that only require periodic updates
- Real-time or streaming data ingestion : Use cases
for real time data ingestion include stock market trading,
fraud detection, real-time monitoring, and other
applications that demand instant insights
- API data ingestion. Data is ingested from external
sources through APIs, a structured means of accessing
and retrieving data from other applications or platforms.
- Web scraping. Data is extracted from websites and
web pages, often to gather information for data
analytics, competitive analysis, and other research
purposes.
Explore the use of data ingestion tools and frameworks, like Apache
Kafka, Flume, or Amazon Kinesis, that enable high-throughput, low-
latency data pipelines.
Data ingestion tools and frameworks:
1. Apache Kafka:
Apache Kafka is a distributed streaming platform that
excels at handling large volumes of data in real-time.
Key features:
Scalable and fault-tolerant data pipelines
High-throughput, low-latency message delivery
Ability to handle both batch and real-time data
Flexible data processing through Kafka Streams
and KSQL
Use cases:
Streaming data ingestion from various sources
(e.g., IoT, logs, transactions)
Building real-time data analytics and monitoring
applications
Enabling event-driven architectures and
microservices
2. Amazon Kinesis:
Amazon Kinesis is a fully managed real-time data
streaming service provided by AWS.
Key features:
Scalable and highly available data ingestion
Low-latency data processing and analysis
Integrations with other AWS services (e.g.,
Lambda, S3, Glue) :
1. Real-time data processing (Lambda)
2. Long-term data storage and data lake (S3)
3. Automated data cataloging and ETL
workflows (Glue)
Ability to handle diverse data sources (e.g., logs,
metrics, click-streams)
Use cases:
Ingesting and processing real-time data for
application monitoring and analytics
Powering real-time dashboards and event-driven
applications
Implementing serverless architectures with
event-driven computing
3. Apache Flume:
Apache Flume is a distributed, reliable, and available
service for efficiently collecting, aggregating, and
moving large amounts of log data.
Key features:
Flexible and extensible architecture for data
ingestion
Reliable and fault-tolerant data delivery
Support for various data sources and sinks
Ability to handle high-volume, low-latency data
streams
Use cases:
Aggregating and ingesting log data from
multiple sources
Feeding real-time data pipelines for analytical
processing
Integrating with big data ecosystems like
Hadoop and Spark
4. Apache NiFi:
Apache NiFi is a powerful and scalable data flow
management platform.
Key features:
Drag-and-drop UI for building data processing
flows
Support for diverse data sources and sinks
Automated data routing, transformation, and
actions
Monitoring, provenance, and data lineage
capabilities
Use cases:
Ingesting and processing data from various
sources (e.g., databases, files, IoT devices)
Enabling data movement, transformation, and
enrichment
Implementing data processing workflows and
ETL pipelines
5. Google Cloud Dataflow:
Google Cloud Dataflow is a fully managed batch and
streaming data processing service.
Key features:
Unified programming model for batch and
streaming data processing
Automatic scaling and resource management
Integrations with other Google Cloud services
(e.g., Pub/Sub, BigQuery)
1. Pub/Sub: Providing a way to ingest real-
time data streams and trigger data
processing pipelines
2. BigQuery: Allowing you to store the
processed data in a scalable and
performant data warehouse for further
analysis
Use cases:
Ingesting and processing real-time data streams
Performing batch data processing and ETL tasks
Building data pipelines for analytics and
machine learning
6. Azure Data Factory:
Azure Data Factory is a cloud-based data integration
service provided by Microsoft.
Key features:
Drag-and-drop pipeline authoring
Support for diverse data sources and sinks
Scheduling and orchestrating data movement
and transformation
Monitoring and alerting capabilities
Use cases:
Ingesting and processing data from on-premises
and cloud data sources
Implementing ETL and ELT workflows
Enabling data-driven decision-making and
business intelligence
7. Talend Data Fabric:
Talend Data Fabric is a unified platform for data
integration, data quality, and master data
management.
Key features:
Graphical design tools for building data pipelines
Support for batch and real-time data ingestion
Data quality and governance capabilities
Connectivity to a wide range of data sources and
targets
Use cases:
Ingesting and integrating data from
heterogeneous sources
Implementing data quality and master data
management strategies
Building end-to-end data pipelines for business
intelligence and analytics
2.Data Ingestion Mechanisms:
-> Batch processing: Scheduled or event-driven processes that
extract data in bulk from source systems, often using tools like
Apache Sqoop, AWS Glue, or Azure Data Factory.
-> Real-time streaming: Leveraging stream processing
frameworks like Apache Kafka, Amazon Kinesis, or Google
Pub/Sub to ingest and process data in near real-time.
API-based ingestion: Utilizing RESTful or GraphQL APIs to
retrieve data from various sources, often integrated through an
API management platform.
Web scraping: Deploying web scraping tools and libraries (e.g.,
Python's BeautifulSoup, Scrapy, or Selenium) to extract data
from websites.
3.Data Ingestion Tools and Frameworks:
Apache Kafka(streaming): A popular open-source
distributed streaming platform for building real-time
data pipelines and applications.
Amazon Kinesis(streamig): A fully managed AWS
service for collecting, processing, and analyzing real-
time streaming data.
Apache Flume(batch): A distributed, reliable, and
available service for efficiently collecting,
aggregating, and moving large amounts of log data.
Apache Sqoop(batch): A tool designed for efficiently
transferring bulk data between Hadoop and
structured datastores like relational databases.
AWS Glue(batch): A fully managed extract, transform,
and load (ETL) service that makes it easy to prepare
and load data for analytics.
Azure Data Factory(both streaming, batch): A cloud-
based data integration service that allows you to
create data-driven workflows for orchestrating and
automating data movement and transformation.
2. Data Ingestion Strategies:
Incremental data loading: Ingesting only the new or
updated data since the last ingestion, to minimize
processing overhead.
Change data capture (CDC): Identifying and ingesting
only the changes made to source data, often using
database transaction logs or event-based triggers.
Data lake ingestion: Consolidating diverse data
sources into a centralized data lake, using
technologies like Amazon S3, Azure Data Lake
Storage, or Hadoop-based solutions.
Hybrid ingestion: Combining batch and real-time
ingestion approaches to handle both historical and
newly generated data.
