thickness measurement
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Articles thickness wall thickness measurement thickness
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Description:
The method of measuring the thickness of a sample of known velocity, using
the pulse echo method, measuring the displacement of the first back-wall echo
from the start of the transmission peak (direct contact). If measurement uses
delay line or immersion transducers the time of flight measurement is
performed between the surface echo and the backwall echo. The thickness can
then be calculated from the calibration of the time base. It should be
remembered that each reflected echo represents a return transit through the
material so that the acoustic path length is equal to twice the thickness of the
sample. For greater accuracy measurements are taken from the position of
intersection of the leading edge of the pulse with the time base-line and not
that of the peak. Another method uses the measurement point when the signal
crosses the time base-line and is called the zero crossing method. The time
base should be properly calibrated before any measurements are made.
Because just the times of the transit of the pulses need to be measured, the
design of the equipment can be simplified by using a digital timer instead of
an A-scan display. The typical measurement range of steel is between 0.3 mm
and more than 100 mm. Accuracies as high as +/- 001mm are achievable in
some applications.
Illustrations:
Electronic principles
Rolf Diederichs created: 1999-12-11
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