Lecture 3- Climate Justice
Dr. Shakeel Hayat
Senior Climate Change & Water Governance Expert
10 Oct 2024
COP 01 BERLIN COP 04
COP 02 GENEVA COP 03 KYOTO
BUENOS AIRES
“Activities “Persistent “Establish a binding 2-year "Plan of
Implemented Organic protocol of Action"
Jointly” Pollutants” greenhouse gas
emission reductions”
COP 08 NEW COP 07 COP 06 THE
DELHI MARRAKECH COP 05 BONN
HAGUE
“declaration “setting the “Suspended “Technical
on e-waste” stage for nations without meeting”
to ratify the conclusion”
Kyoto Protocol”
COP 09 MILAN COP 10 COP 11 COP 12
BUENOS AIRES Montreal NAIROBI
“Clean Planet,
Healthy People: “Prevention, “Biodiversity for
“Implementation,
Sound minimization and Sustainable
Improvement and
Management of recovery of Development”
Innovation”
Chemicals and wastes”
Waste”
COP 13 COP 14 COP 15 COP 16
BALI POZNAŃ COPENHAGEN CANCÚN
Migratory species Restore Land to “Ecological
connect the planet, Civilization: Building a
essential elements of
Sustain Life
and we welcome Shared Future for All the Copenhagen Accord
them home Life on Earth”
COP 20 COP 19 COP 18 COP 17
LIMA WARSAW DOHA DURBAN
Loss and Damage mitigation, The Doha Climate
Green Climate Fund
associated with adaptation and Gateway.
Climate Change development
Impacts.
COP 21 COP 22 COP 23 COP 24
PARIS MARRAKECH BONN KATOWICE
keep global Pollution-Free Legacy, overarching goals to
warming at 1.5°C Protecting Biodiversity The right to keep global
to 2°C and Sustaining health temperature rise below
Climate Stability 2° C
COP 28 COP 27 COP 26 COP 25
UAE EGYPT GLASGOW MADRID
Adapt to protect “Time for Action”
Climate Justice Loss & Damage communities and
PAKISTAN CLIMATE
ACTION
Pakistan’s Ratified Climate Conventions:
• UNFCCC aims to stabilize GHGs emission in the atmosphere
through coordinated efforts
• Kyoto Protocol sets binding targets for industrialized
countries to reduce GHGs emissions.
• Paris Agreement aims to limit global warming below 2
degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels
• Vienna Convention aims to protect the ozone layer
• Montreal Protocol aims to protect the ozone layer by phasing
out the production and use of ozone-depleting substances such
as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
CLIMATE JUSTICE: PAKISTAN’s
PLEA
• With less than 1% contribution to global GHGs
emission &
• The 5th most vulnerable country
Pakistan's vulnerability underscores the imperative for
climate justice, given its disproportionate impact with
fewer resources to adapt and mitigate its effects.
PRINCIPLES OF CLIMATE JUSTICE
1. Equity: Ensuring fairness in addressing the disproportionate impacts of
climate change on vulnerable communities and countries
2. Inter-generational equity: Recognizing the rights of future generations to a
healthy environment by taking actions today to prevent harm from climate
change
3. Common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR): Acknowledging that
while all communities & countries share a responsibility to address climate
change, developed nations/rich people, historically responsible for the
majority of GHGs emissions, bear a greater burden in reducing emissions and
supporting adaptation efforts in developing countries.
4. Human rights: Upholding and protecting the fundamental rights of
individuals, particularly those most vulnerable to climate impacts, including
the rights to life, health, food, water, and shelter.
5. Environmental integrity: Promoting actions that not only mitigate climate
change but also protect the planet's natural systems, ensuring sustainable and
resilient outcomes for both people and the environment.
GLOBAL INSTRUMENTS OF CLIMATE JUSTICE
1. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides scientific assessments of
climate change impacts, vulnerabilities, and mitigation options to inform policymakers and
the public about the urgency and magnitude of climate action required.
2. UNFCCC provides the overarching framework for international cooperation on climate
change, including principles of equity and CBDR.
3. Paris Agreement sets out binding commitments for countries to reduce GHG emissions,
adapt to the impacts of climate change, and enhance climate finance and support, with a
focus on keeping global warming below 2 degrees Celsius.
4. Kyoto Protocol established binding emission reduction targets for developed countries and
created mechanisms for international emissions trading and clean development projects.
5. Green Climate Fund (GCF) supports developing countries in their climate action efforts by
providing financial assistance for mitigation and adaptation projects, with a focus on
projects that promote gender equality and the rights of indigenous peoples.
LOSS & DAMAGE FUND- A STEP TOWARDS
CLIMATE JUSTICE
1. The Loss and Damage Fund recognize and address the
disproportionate impacts of climate change on vulnerable
communities and countries
2. This fund aims to provide financial assistance to those who are
most affected by the adverse effects of climate change but have
contributed the least to its causes
3. This initiative seeks to rectify historical injustices and promote
equitable outcomes in the face of climate-related disasters and
disruptions
4. The establishment of such a fund underscores the importance of
solidarity and collective responsibility in addressing the challenges
posed by climate change, particularly for those who are least able
to cope with its impacts.
OTHER INITIATIVE TOWARDS CLIMATE JUSTICE
1. Community-based adaptation projects in vulnerable regions is
another example of climate justice. These projects prioritize the
involvement of indigenous peoples in decision-making processes
and the design of adaptation strategies
2. Climate finance is also an example of climate justice that involves
providing financial resources to developing countries to help them
mitigate and adapt to climate change.
3. Just transition refers to the idea that as societies shift away from
fossil fuels and other unsustainable practices toward a more
sustainable and equitable future, the transition must be fair and
inclusive, taking into account the needs and rights of workers,
communities, and marginalized groups.
HOW CLIMATE JUSTICE CAN ENHANCE THE
RESILIENCE OF PEOPLE IN PAKISTAN?
• By ensuring that adaptation and mitigation efforts
prioritize the needs of vulnerable communities
• Provide equitable access to resources and information
• Foster community participation and empowerment
• Address underlying social, economic, and
environmental inequalities
By centering climate action on justice and equity, Pakistan
can build more resilient communities capable of
confronting and adapting to the challenges posed by
climate change.
Questions?
