ST

NGL 3999 0724350 05523bC) 2b3

m
ANSZ/SPZ BZ51.20-1999

for Plastic Sheet Production MachìneqI - '

Manufacture,, Care di Use

T 's m terial IS reproduced fr

\$ , copyright h,
American National Standard
with permission of the American
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may be copied or reproduced in any form, electronic retrieval system or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of the American National
Standards Institute, Inc., 11 West 42nd Street, New York, New York 10036

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 ANSIEPI B151.20-1999
Revision of
ANSI/SPI B151.20-1982

American National Standard

for Plastic Sheet Production Machinery -

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Manufacture, Care & Use

Sponsor

The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc.

Approved August 11, 1999

American National Standards Institute, Inc.

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 Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that the
American requirementsfor due process,consensus, and other criteria for approval have
National been met by the standards developer.

Standard Consensus is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board of

Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and
materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than
a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all
views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made
towards their resolution.
The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their
existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved
the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using
products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.
The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and
will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National
Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an
interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American
National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be
addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title
page of this standard.
CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or
withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards
Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or
withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may
receive current informationon all standards by calling or writing the American
National Standards Institute.

Published by
American National Standards Institute, Inc.
11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036

Copyright O 1999 by American National Standards Institute

All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced in any

form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,
without prior written permission of the publisher.

Printed in the United States of America

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 STDgANSI BLSL-ZO-ENGL 1999 0724150 05523b5 T72

Contents
Page

Foreword ................................................................................................................ i¡
1 Scope, Purpose, Application ........................................................................ 1
2 Normative References.................................................................................. 2
3 Definitions..................................................................................................... 2
4 Care .............................................................................................................. 6
5 Manufacturer, Remanufacturer and Modifier................................................ 7
6 Use ............................................................................................................. 11
7 Signs and plates ......................................................................................... 12

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 STD-ANSI BLSh.20-ENGL L999 0724350 05523bb 907

Foreword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard ANSVSPI BI 51.20-1999.)

A standard treating the manufacture, care and use of plastic sheet production ma-
chines is complicated by the wide variety and size of machines manufactured and in
use, and by the virtually infinite combinations of parts being produced, production
methods being used and operating conditions existing in industry today.
The primary objective of this standard is to minimize hazards to personnel associated
with machine activity by establishing requirements for the manufacture, care and use
of these machines. To accomplish this objective a decision was made to approach
the problem of machine safety as follows:
1. Eliminate by design certain recognized hazards and the establishment of stan-
dard approaches to design so those machines available from competitive manu-
facturers will have similar operational characteristics.
2. Safeguard machine where recognizedhazards cannot be designed out for tech-
nical or operational reasons.
3. Warn where elimination or safeguarding of hazards is not technically or opera-
tionally feasible.
To assist in the interpretation of these requirements, responsibilities have been as-
signed to the manufacturer, re-manufacturer, the modifier and the employer.
Recognizing the impossibility of updating equipment and changing operation meth-
ods allied with existing machines immediately after the approval date of this stan-
dard, a 3-year period has been provided to employers for updating machines.
Recognizing the impossibility of immediate updating of design and manufacturing
methods, clauses 4 and 6 shall become effective one year after the approval date of
this standard.
Evidence of consensus on this standard was secured by using the Canvass Method.
Suggestionsfor improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to:
The Society of the Plastics Industry, 1801 K Street NW, Suite 600, Washington DC
20006 -1301.
The Society of the Plastics Industry Extrusion Section Standards Committee was re-
sponsible for developing this standard.

D. Lounsbuty, Chairman R. Monteith

(Davis-Standards Corporation) (Milacron, Inc.)

W. Bishop, Secretariat G. Godfrey

(Executive Director, SPI (Black Clawson)
Machinery Division) M. Mitchell
(Welex, Inc.)

J. Rexford
(HPM Corporation)

W. Wybenga
(Brampton Engineering)

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 STD-ANSI BLSL-ZO-ENGL $999 O724150 05523b7 845 =

Explanation of Standard Format

This standard uses a two-column format to provide both specific requirements and
supporting information.
The left column, designated "Standard Requirement" is confined solely to these re-
quirements and is printed in bold type. Where supporting photographs or sketches
are required, they are designated as "figures."
The right column, designated "Explanatory Information" contains only information
that is intended to clarify the standard. This is nota part of the standard. Where sup-
plementary photographs or sketches are required, they are designated as "illustra-
tions."
Operating rules (safe practices) are not included in either column unless they are of
such nature as to be vital safety requirements, equal in weight to other requirements
or guides to assist in compliance with the standard.

...
111

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 STDmANSI [Link]-ENGL $999 W 0124350 055E!3b8 7 8 1 D

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSUSPI B151.20-1999

American National Standard

for Plastic Sheet Production Machinery -

Manufacture, Care and Use

STANDARD REQUIREMENTS EXPLANATORY INFORMATION

1. Scope, Purpose, Application

1.1 scope E l .1 Scope

Requirements of this standard shall apply to Inquiries with respect to the application or
the primary sheet production machinery Substantive requirements of the standard should
(Machinery). be addressed to:

Safety requirements of ancillary equipment The Society of the Plastics Industry

used with the Machinery are not covered by 1801 K Street, NW
this standard. Washington, DC 20006

1.2 Purpose
The purpose of this standard is to identify and
address known hazards to personnel working
on or adjacent to the Machinery.

1.3 Application

1.3.1 New Installation

The requirements of this standard pertaining to
manufacture shall apply to all new or
remanufactured Machinery installed in the
United States of America. Compliance shall be
achieved within one year of the approval date
of this standard. Date of shipment (monthlyear)
shall be affixed to the Machine permanently and
legibly along with the name of the manufacturer
or remanufacturer.

1.3.2 Existing Installations El .3.2Existing Installations

The employer is responsible for bringing If modifications are required to achieve this
existing Machines into compliance with the reduced dimension, the employer is strongly urged
requirements of this standard within three to use 4 inches if at all possible.
years of the approval date of this standard with
the following exception:

The 4 inch dimension referred to in sections

3.13 and [Link] shall be changed to 3 inches.

1
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 STD-ANSI BL51.20-ENGL 1999 = 0724350 05523b9 b3B m
ANSVSPI 8151.20-1999

It is not the intent of this standard to require

existing installations to be in total compliance
with the latest revision of ANSVNFPA 79-1997
American National Standard Electrical Standard
for Industria/ Machinery. Only requirements
that address personnel safety require updating.

1.3.3 All Installations

An employer shall not operate a Machine or
permit it to be operated unless it is in
compliance with this standard.

2. Normative References E2. Related References

The following standards contain provisions SPVAN-137, SPI Recommended Guideline for
which, through reference in this text, constitute Safety Signs for Plastics Machinery & Related
provisions of this American National Standard. Equipment’)
At the time of publication, the editions
indicated were valid. All standards are subject CFR Title 29, Subpart 2, Part 1910.1042
to revision, and parties to agreements based on
this American National Standard are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of
applying the most recent edition of the
standards indicated below.

ANSI 2535.3-1998, Criteria for Safety Symbols *

ANSI 2535.4-1 998, Product Safety Signs and

Labels

ANSVNFPA 79-1997, Electrical Standard for

Industrial Machinery *

OSHA 1910.93*)

3. Definitions
3.1 Alarm
A visual or audible warning device

3.2 Emergency Stop Device

A trip rod, cord, button or other device that
when Activated stops all hazardous movement
associated with the specified machine.

For electronic copies of some standards, visit ANSI’s Electronic Standards Store (ESS) at [Link]. For printed versions
of all these standards, contact Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO 801 12-5704, (800) 854-
7179.

’)Available from The Society of the Plastics Industry, Literature Sales Dept., 1801 K Street, NW, Washington, DC 20006.

*) Available from the National Archives and Records Administration, Code of Federal Regulations, Pennsylvania Ave. at fh
Street, Washington, DC 20408.

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STD*ANSI BLSL.20-ENGL 3999 W O724350 0552370 33T m

ANSVSPI B I51.20-1999

3.3 Employer
Any person who contracts, hires, or is
responsible for the personnel associated with
the operation and maintenance of the Machine

3.4 Guard E3.4 Guard

A barrier, cover, enclosure or other device Other devices may include presence sensing
placed over areas where hazards exist devices.

3.4.1 Fixed Guard E3.41 Fixed Guard

A guard requiring the use of tools for removal A fixed guard includes, but is not limited to, one
from the Machinery. that is fastened to the framework of the machine or
floor.

3.4.2 Movable Guard E3.4.2 Movable Guard

A guard that may be moved or removed without A movable guard is generally connected by
the use of tools. mechanical means to the machine frame or an
adjacent fixed element (i.e., hinges or slides).
3.5 Instructions
Documentation for the installation, operation,
care, maintenance and safe use of the Machine.

3.6 Interlock
An arrangement whereby the operation of one
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control or mechanism brings about or prevents

the operation of another.

3.7 Local Control E3.7 Local Control

I A control device located in full view of the The operator must be able to see the hazard.
component being controlled.

3.8 Maintenance Personnel

Individuals, who by virtue of their training and
skills are qualified to inspect, maintain and
repair the Machinery.

3.9 Manufacturer
Any person whose business is the manufacture
of the Machinery covered in this standard for
installation in the United States of America.

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 ANSI/SPI B151.20-1999

3.1 O Modification
For the purpose of this standard, any change to
the Machinery that affects personnel safety is
considered a modification

3.1 1 Modifier
Any person who performs a modification to a
Machine.

3.12 Nip, Counter Rotating

The point between two counter-rotating rolls.

3.13 Nip, Fixed Member

l h e point between a fixed member and a driven
roll where the distance between the two is 4
inches or less.

3.14 Nip, Web Generated

The contact point between a web surface and a
rotating roll

3.15 Nip, Wedging

A fixed member nip where the distance
between the fixed member and the surface of
the roll decreases in the direction of rotation.

3.16 Operator
An individual who uses the Machinery to
perform production work.

3.1 7 Pinch Point

Any point at which it is possible for a part of
the body to be caught between a moving part
and a fixed part or between two moving parts
except nips.

3.1 8 Polishing Roll Stand E3.18 Polishing Roll Stand

A machine equipped with two or more metal The machine may have additional capabilities such
rolls revolving in opposite directions and as polishing, embossing and laminating.
capable of nipping plastic melt used for heat
transfer andior sizing.

3.19 PresenceSensing Device E3.19 Presence-Sensing Device

A device that is capable of detecting an Examples of presence-sensingdevices include:
intrusion into specified areas Safety mat, interlocked platform, photoelectric
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beam, or other similar devices.

3.20 Pull Roll Stand E3.20 Pull Roll Stand

A machine or a part thereof consisting of two A pull roll stand is also known as a draw roll.
nipping rolls that revolve in opposite directions
and are used to pull the web after leaving the
preceding equipment.

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 3.21 Reach Point
The farthest point an operator is expected to be
able to touch when outside of the machine or
on a walkway. Areas that may only be reached
by deliberately crawling into the machine or
otherwise contorting the body are not
considered within the reach point of the
operator.

3.22 Remanufacture E3.22 Remanufacture

A substantial restoration of a specific machine. Remanufacture typically consists of the following:
1) Substantial dismantling of the machine;
2) Cleaning and carefully inspecting all parts;
3) Reworking worn parts to as new condition or
replacing with new parts to meet applicable
standards and guidelines; 4) Substantially
reconditioning or replacing power system
components to meet applicable standards and
guidelines; 5) Inspecting all electrical and control
systems and replacing componentkystems as
required; 6) Removing modifications that are not in
conformance with clauses 5 & 7 of this standard
and informing the employer of the removal.

3.23 Remanufacturer
Any person whose business is the redesign
and/or remanufacture of a specific machine for
installation in the United States of America.

3.24 Repair E3.24 Repair

The restoration of a portion of a specific Repair may include such items as replacement or
machine to original function using original rework of safety devices, drives, controls meters,
design by replacement or re-working of worn ar etc.

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damaged parts.

3.25 Safety Signs

A visual alerting device in the form of a sign,
label, decal, placard, or other marking that
advises the observer of the nature and degree
of the potential hazard@) that can cause injury
or death.

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ANSVSPI 8151.20-1999

3.26 Shall
The word ?shall?denotes a mandatory
requirement.

3.27 Should
The word ?should?denotes a recommendation.

3.28 S Wrap
An ?S?wrap is formed between two counter-
rotating rolls either touching or not, when the
web passes around the first roll, through the
space between the two rolls,around the second
roll, and continues. This is opposed to the web
simply passing through the nip between the
two rolls without wrapping either.

3.29 Traversing E3.29 Traversing

The motion of a Machine from a non-production Traversing does not include machine motions
position to a production position and vice inherent in production operation (i.e., oscillating
versa. and rotation).

3.30 We6
The film or sheet passed through the
Machinery.

4. Care

4.1 Instructions

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4.1.1 Manufacturer
It shall be the responsibility of the
manufacturer to furnish instructions with the
Machinery.

4.1.2 Modifier
It shall be the responsibility of the person
modifying the Machinery to furnish instructions
specific to the modification.

4.1.3 Remanufacturer
It shall be the responsibility of the
remanufacturer to furnish instructions with the
Machinery.

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 ANSVSPI 8151.20-1999

4.2 Training of Maintenance Personnel E4.2 Training of Maintenance Personnel

It shall be the responsibility of the employer to Much general literature exists to provide a good
ensure the original and continuing competence foundation for training of personnel. It should be
of personnel installing, inspecting and noted that various Machines have unique features;
maintaining the Machinery. therefore, reference to the manufacturer’s or
remanufacturer’s manual is very important.

4.3 Inspection and Maintenance E4.3 Inspection and Maintenance

It shall be the responsibility of the employer to T o meet the requirements of this subclause, it is
establish and follow a program of periodic and recommended that a visual inspection of
regular inspections of the Machinery to ensure operations and safeguards be made. In addition,

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that all safeguards are in proper operating an operational inspection should be made of all
condition and are properly adjusted. safety interlocks and emergency stop devices.
Each manufacturer, modifier, or remanufacturer
should have a recommended preventative
maintenance program for the Machinery. This
program can be used as a basis for periodic
operational inspections and maintenance. In the
absence of such a program, the employer should
fulfill this requirement.

5. Manufacture, Remanufacture and

Modif ¡cation

5.1 Responsibility

I 5.1.1 Manufacture
The manufacture of new Machinery shall be in
accordance with clauses 5 and 7 of this
standard.

5.1.2 Remanufacture
The remanufacture of existing Machinery shall
be In accordance with clauses 5 and 7 of this
standard.

5.1.3 Modification
Modification(s) made to existing Machinery
shall be in accordance with clause 7 and the
applicable parts of clause 5 of this standard.
Any modification shall not reduce the level of
safety existing on the Machine prior to that
modification

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 ANSI/SPI 8151.20-1999

5.1.4 Repair
Repair shall not reduce the level of safety of the
Machine(s).

5.2 Guarding, General

5.2.1 Access Openings €5.2.1 Access Openings

Hazardous areas that are accessible shall be Examples of hazardous areas may include but are
guarded. When the guard is not fixed it shall be not limited to moving or rotating motor driven parts
interlocked to stop hazardous motion exposed such as gears, sheaves, belts, chains shafts, drive
by moving or removing the guard. Where couplings and pinch points.
safeguarding of hazards is not technically or
operationally feasible these hazardous areas
shall be color coded.

5.2.2 Rotating Shaft Extension

Rotating shaft extensions shall be smooth and
shall not project more than one-half of the
diameter of the shaft unless guarded. Smooth
roll journals fitted with rotary joints and piping
and presenting no significant hazard are
excepted from these requirements.

5.2.3 Rotary Unions €5.2.3 Rotary Unions

Rotary unions carrying heated fluids shall be See also 6.5
guarded to protect operators from hazards
associated with seal failure.

5.2.4 Cuîting Devices

All web-cutting devices within the reach point
during normal production operation shall be
guarded to the extent technically and
operationally feasible. A means shall be
provided to prevent unintentional movement
during thread-up, blade change or other
adjustment. Blade holders shall be color coded
and a safety sign shall be provided.

5.3 Guarding, Nips

5.3.1 Counter-Rotating Nips E5.3.1 Counter-Rotating Nips

The inrunning side of the counter-rotating nips Acceptable safeguarding devices include but are
shall be guarded to prevent a person from not limited to:
being caught in the nips and shall have an - vacuum box
Emergency Stop Device readily accessible to - air knife or similar accessory which blocks
that person. The guard shall not form a access to the nip.
wedging nip. - fixed or moveable guard.
- presence-sensingdevice that, when activated,
Safety signs shall be provided to warn of the shall open the nip.
nips. Where roll ends are exposed they shall be - die extensions, deckles or any combination of
color coded to warn of the hazards. the above.
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ANSVSPI 6151.20-1999

[Link] Inrunning Nips with Associated Flat Dies E5.3.1.1 Inrunning Nips Associated with Flat Dies
Process considerations require access to the Process considerations include but are not limited
nip area to access for diehoIl adjustment, visual inspection,
etc.
Safety signs, color-coded roll ends and a
readily accessible Emergency Stop Device shall
be provided.

In view of the large number of dies and

operating considerations, which may be used
on a given line, it shall be the sole
responsibility of the employer to safeguard the
primary nip. See 6.2.

[Link] Nip Roll Opening

There shall be a minimum of 4 inches (4”)
between roll surfaces in the open position.

[Link] Nip Roll Ciosing

If operator-accessible nip rolls are closed by
local control, no alarm or delay is required. If
local control is not used, then a local preclose
alarm shall be used. The preclose alarm circuit
shall be designed such that an alarm of three
seconds duration sounds prior to immediate
roll closing.

[Link] Emergency Conditions E5.3.1.4 Emergency Conditions

Activation of the Emergency Stop device shall See [Link]
initiate stopping and opening of the driven rolls
provided that this does not create additional
hazards.

[Link].1 Opening Time

Minimum roll opening shall be achieved within
three (3) seconds from the time the command is
given.

[Link].2 Maximum Stopping Distance E5.[Link] Maximum Stopping Distance

The rolls shall stop in a distance of less than For example, at 1O0 fpm, the rolls must stop within
1.75% of the maximum line speed as measured 1.75 feet (or 21” ) of surface travel.
on the surface of the roll.

[Link] Independently Moveable Guards

Where guard motion is independent of roll
movement, the guard shall be interlocked to
prevent closing of the rolls when the guard is
not in place and shall open the roll if the guard
is withdrawn from its effective position. Closing
of the guard shall not of itself cause the rolls to
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close. Rotation of the rolls is permitted with the

rolls open independent of guarding.

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 rn 0724350 0552377 794 rn
ANSI/SPI 8151.20-1999

[Link] Nip-Powered Moveable Guards

Guards that move open and closed with rolls,
and are within the operator’s reach point shall
meet the requirements of nip roll closing given
in [Link]

5.3.2 Nip, Fixed Member E5.3.2 Nip, Fixed Member

Where a nip exists within the operator’s reach See [Link] for flat dies.
point that can cause physical injury, a guard
shall be provided. The guard shall come within
% inch of the moving surface and not create a
hazard.

5.3.3 Nip, Web Generated E5.3.3 Nip, Web Generated

Where a web-generated hazard exists within the An example of a case where guarding is not
operator’s reach point, the hazards shall be required is the conveying section of a sheet line.
guarded. Where it is not technically or
operationally feasible to guard this nip, an
Emergency Stop Device readily accessible to
that person from any point across the full width

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of the nip shall be provided. In areas where
operator access is required predominantly for
start-up purposes, guarding or an Emergency
Stop Device is not required.

5.3.4 Start-up/Thread-up E5.3.4Start-upflhread-up

If movement of the roll is necessary during Appropriate start-up/thread-up instruction and
start-up/ thread-up, rotation and closing of the training should be provided.
nip shall be permitted with the guard out of
position, provided that a local hold-to-maintain-
close control and low speeds are used.

5.4 Operation Safeguards

5.4.1 Protrusions
Any mechanical element that creates a hazard
by protruding into any passageway shall be
color coded.

5.4.2 Traversing Machines

There shall be a 3-second minimum delay
during which an alarm is activated to warn the
operator and others when the Machines are
about to move. An alarm shall be activated
during the traversing motion. After the 3-
second delay, intermittent motion of the
machine can continue without repeating the
delay requirement. After stopping, motion of
machine may be resumed within 12 seconds
without the 3-second delay.

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STDaANSI B151-20-ENGL 1999 0724150 0552378 620 R

ANSVSPI B I51.20-1999

5.5 Electrical

5.5.1 Electrical Systems

Machines shall be designed and built to the
requirements of ANSVNFPA 79.

5.5.2 Power Loss

Power loss shall not initiate hazardous machine
motion. Restoration of power shall not re-start
the machine.

6. Use

6.1 Ancillary Equipment

It shall be the responsibility of the employer to
ensure that use of ancillary equipment does not
reduce the level of safety of the Machine

6.2 Dies
The employer shall ensure that all die
installations are adequately guarded.

A flat die andlor its extensions typically blocks

access to the nip and provides the guarding
function. When blocking access to the nip, the
flat die may create a wedging nip that is not
technically or operationally feasible to guard.

1 Where a die narrower than the nip rolls fails to

guard the outside face of the nip, die
extensions, deckles or other safeguards shall
be provided to achieve the same guarding
function.

6.3 Instruction of Operators E6.3 Instruction of Operators

The employer shall train and instruct operators The employer should consider setting up a
in the safe methods of operation, as well as checklist to ensure operators are kept aware of
provide instruction on the safety devices procedure to follow in operating the Machine
provided, before they start work on the safely. This checklist should be kept with the
machinery covered by this standard. The Machine instruction manual and periodically (such
employer shall make all instructions available as every 6 months), the employer should have
to the operator and maintenance personnel. operators review the instructions and sign-off on
the list.

6.4 Personal Protective Equipment

Employer shall evaluate hazards requiring
personal protective equipment and ensure its
use.

6.5 Work Area

Adequate clearance for operation and
maintenance shall be provided around the
Machinery.

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ANSVSPI B I51.20-1999

6.6 Electrostatic Treater E6.6 Electrostatic Treater

The electrostatic treater electrode zone shall be Refer to Federal Register, Code of Federal
exhaust vented to maintain ozone levels in Regulations Title 29, Subpart 2 of part 191O. 1042
accordance with OSHA 1910.93. The for further specific personnel requirements
electrostatic treater shall have means provided regarding ozone exposure.
to prevent operation when the exhaust fan is
not operating or when the electrode is
accessible. Any access openings shall be in
conformance with 5.2.1.

7. Signs and Plates

7.1 General
All new signs shall conform to ANSI 2535.3 and
ANSI 2535.4 in color, format, size and content
where feasible.

7.2 Safety Sign Wording and Location E7.2 Safety Sign Wording and Location
Safety signs shall contain sufficient information See SPI AN-137.
to be understood and be located as close to the
actual hazard as practical
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