Model of particulate nature
of matter
What does it contain
We are examining
the particles
Atoms, Elements
contained in matter
and they include
Compounds mixtures
• What Are Elements?
Elements:
• Building blocks of matter
• Consist of only one type of atom
• Cannot be broken down
chemically into simpler
substances
• All known elements are listed in
the Periodic Table
• Can exist as individual atoms, or
they can exist as individual or
atoms of the same element
bonded together e.g. H2
The arrangement of atoms in solid iron.
Types of elements
Monoatomic: K, Na, Mg
Diatomic H2,N2,F2,I2
Triatomic O3
Polyatomic P4,S8
Allotropes Carbon ( Diamond, Graphite, Fullerene), Sulphur(Monoclinic and
Rhombic)
• What Are Compounds?
Compounds:
• pure substances composed of two or more different elements chemically
bonded in fixed ratios.
• cannot be separated using physical methods.
• properties are different from the elements they contain.
methane, CH4. water, H2O.
• Types of Compounds
The simple covalent
The ionic lattice structure structure of ammonia, NH3
of sodium chloride, NaCl.
The network covalent
structure of silicon dioxide,
SiO2
*These bonding types will be covered in more detail in subtopic S2.1.
• Activity: Element or Compound
Element Compound
S C2 H 6 CO2 Mg Cl2
Li LiCl H2 NH3 CH3OH
• What is a Mixture?
Mixtures:
• composed of one or more elements or compounds in no
fixed ratio
• contain pure substances that are not chemically bonded
• can be separated by physical methods
• components of a mixture retain their individual
properties.
mixture iron and sulfur.
Homogeneous: Heterogeneous
• no phase boundary • has phase boundary
• uniform composition • non uniform
• equally distributed composition
• not equal distribution
Methods of
separating mixtures
• What factors are considered
when choosing a method of
separating mixtures?
• Experimental techniques
Group work: Silent experiment
Set up, principle behind, how it works, applications, safety
considerations, Key terminologies, examples of substances,
properties and changes and type of matter
Fractional
Evaporation Simple distillation
distillation
Abdulrahman, Alejandro, Gomana.
Izzan, Margherita,
Daniela Yahia
Mustafa
Paper
Chromatography Recrystallization Filtration
Khill, Pamela, Mahmood, Sali Marc, Patricia
Weronica
