Rizvi College of Engineering, Mumbai
_____________________________________________________________________________________
RIZVI EDUCATION SOCIETY’S
Rizvi College of Engineering
∎Approved by AICTE ∎Recognized by DTE ∎Affiliated to University of Mumbai
∎Accredited B+ by NAAC
New Rizvi Educational Complex, Off Carter Rd, Bandra West, Mumbai-400050
Experiment No. 6
Title Implement Stack ADT using Linked List
Name
Year/Branch
Roll No.
UIN
Rizvi College of Engineering, Mumbai
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Aim: To Implement Stack ADT using Linked List
Theory:
The major problem with the stack implemented using an array is, it works only for a fixed number of data
values. That means the amount of data must be specified at the beginning of the implementation itself. Stack
implemented using an array is not suitable, when we don't know the size of data which we are going to use.
A stack data structure can be implemented by using a linked list data structure. The stack implemented using
a linked list can work for an unlimited number of values. That means, a stack implemented using linked list
works for the variable size of data. So, there is no need to fix the size at the beginning of the
implementation. The Stack implemented using linked list can organize as many data values as we want.
In the linked list implementation of a stack, every new element is inserted as 'top' element. That means every
newly inserted element is pointed by 'top'. Whenever we want to remove an element from the stack, simply
remove the node which is pointed by 'top' by moving 'top' to its previous node in the list. The next field of
the first element must be always NULL.
Example
In the above example, the last inserted node is 99 and the first inserted node is 25. The order of
elements inserted is 25, 32,50 and 99.
Stack Operations using Linked List
To implement a stack using a linked list, we need to set the following things before implementing actual
operations.
● Step 1 - Include all the header files which are used in the program. And declare all the user defined
functions.
● Step 2 - Define a 'Node' structure with two members data and next.
● Step 3 - Define a Node pointer 'top' and set it to NULL.
Rizvi College of Engineering, Mumbai
_____________________________________________________________________________________
● Step 4 - Implement the main method by displaying Menu with list of operations and make suitable
function calls in the main method.
push(value) - Inserting an element into the Stack
We can use the following steps to insert a new node into the stack...
● Step 1 - Create a newNode with given value.
● Step 2 - Check whether stack is Empty (top == NULL)
● Step 3 - If it is Empty, then set newNode → next = NULL.
● Step 4 - If it is Not Empty, then set newNode → next = top.
● Step 5 - Finally, set top = newNode.
pop() - Deleting an Element from a Stack
We can use the following steps to delete a node from the stack...
● Step 1 - Check whether stack is Empty (top == NULL).
● Step 2 - If it is Empty, then display "Stack is Empty!!! Deletion is not possible!!!" and terminate
the function
● Step 3 - If it is Not Empty, then define a Node pointer 'temp' and set it to 'top'.
● Step 4 - Then set 'top = top → next'.
● Step 5 - Finally, delete 'temp'. (free(temp)).
display() - Displaying stack of elements
We can use the following steps to display the elements (nodes) of a stack...
● Step 1 - Check whether stack is Empty (top == NULL).
● Step 2 - If it is Empty, then display 'Stack is Empty!!!' and terminate the function.
● Step 3 - If it is Not Empty, then define a Node pointer 'temp' and initialize with top.
● Step 4 - Display 'temp → data --->' and move it to the next node. Repeat the same until temp
reaches to the first node in the stack. (temp → next != NULL).
● Step 5 - Finally! Display 'temp → data ---> NULL'.
●
Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
struct Node
{
int data;
Rizvi College of Engineering, Mumbai
_____________________________________________________________________________________
struct Node *next;
}
*top = NULL;
void push(int);
void pop();
void display();
void main()
{
int choice, value;
printf("\n ###Stack using Linked List###\n");
while(1){
printf("\n------MENU-------\n");
printf("1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n");
printf("Enter your choice: ");
scanf("%d",&choice);
switch(choice){
case 1: printf("Enter the value to be inserted: ");
scanf("%d", &value);
push(value);
break;
case 2: pop(); break;
case 3: display(); break;
case 4: exit(0);
default: printf("\nWrong selection!!! Please try again!!!\n");
}
}
}
void push(int value)
{
struct Node *newNode;
Rizvi College of Engineering, Mumbai
_____________________________________________________________________________________
newNode = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
newNode->data = value;
if(top == NULL)
newNode->next = NULL;
else
newNode->next = top;
top = newNode;
printf("\nInsertion is Success!!!\n");
}
void pop()
{
if(top == NULL)
printf("\nStack is Empty!!!\n");
else{
struct Node *temp = top;
printf("\nDeleted element: %d", temp->data);
top = temp->next;
free(temp);
}
}
void display()
{
if(top == NULL)
printf("\nStack is Empty!!!\n");
else{
struct Node *temp = top;
while(temp->next != NULL){
printf("%d--->",temp->data);
temp = temp -> next;
}
printf("%d--->NULL",temp->data);
}
}
Rizvi College of Engineering, Mumbai
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Output:
Conclusion: In conclusion, a linked list-based stack offers efficient memory use with
dynamic allocation and allows fast insertion and deletion without the need for resizing,
making it a flexible choice over array-based stacks.
Rizvi College of Engineering, Mumbai
_____________________________________________________________________________________
