English 1st Paper HSC 24 SHIKKHANGONG

Nelson Mandela
Read the passage and answer the questions. [Dj.B-2023][Mym.B.22]
Nelson Mandela guided South Africa from the shackles of apartheid to a multi-racial democracy, as an icon of
peace and reconciliation who came to embody the struggle for justice around the world. Imprisoned for nearly
three decades for his fight against white minority rule, Mandela never lost his resolve to fight for his people’s
emancipation. He was determined to bring down apartheid while avoiding a civil war. His prestige and charisma
helped him win the support of the world. “I hate race discrimination most intensely and in all its manifestations.
I have fought it all during my life; I will fight it now, and will do so until the end of my days,” Mandela said in
his acceptance speech on becoming South Africa’s first black president in 1994, … “The time for the healing of
the wounds has come. The moment to bridge the chasms that divide us has come.” “We have, at last, achieved
our political emancipation.” In 1993, Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, an honour he shared with
F.W. de Klerk, the white African leader who had freed him from prison three years earlier and negotiated the
end of apartheid. Mandela went on to play a prominent role on the world stage as an advocate of human dignity
in the face of challenges ranging from political repression to AIDS. He formally left public life in June 2004
before his 86th birthday, telling his adoring countrymen: “Don’t call me. I’ll call you.” But he remained one of
the world’s most revered public figures, combining celebrity sparkle with an unwavering message of freedom,
respect and human rights. “He is at the epicenter of our time, ours in South Africa, and yours, wherever you
are,” Nadine Gordimer, the South African writer and Nobel Laureate for Literature, once remarked. The years
Mandela spent behind bars made him the world’s most celebrated political prisoner and a leader of mythic
stature for millions of black South Africans and other oppressed people far beyond his country’s borders.
Charged with capital offences in the 1963 Rivonia Trial, his statement from the dock was his political
testimony. “During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought
against white domination, and I have fought against black domination.” “I have cherished the ideal of a
democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities,” he told
the court. “It is an ideal I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared
to die.” Friends adored Mandela and fondly called him “Madiba”, the clan name by which he was known.
People lauded his humanity, kindness and dignity. Unit-1, Lesson-2(B)
1. A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives:
a. The word `multi-recial‟ in line 2 refers to___.
(i) total mass in general (ii) people of different races (iii) a big gathering (iv) numerous
b. Mandela guided South Africa to a ____ state.
(i) better (ii) neutral (iii) advanced (iv) brooder
c. Mandela struggled for___.
(i) democracy (ii) power (iii) justice (iv) Nobel Peace Prize
d. F.W. de Klerk was a ____.
(i) clerk (ii) businessman (iii) officer (iv) politician
e. Nelson Mandela fought____.
(i) against multi-racial democracy (ii) in favour of apartheid
(iii) for the independce of south Africa (iv) against apartheid
f. “We have at last, achieved our political emancipation.”--- What is meant by „political emancipation‟?
(i) political freedom (ii) economic freedom (iii) social freedom (iv) frligious freedom
g. „Apartheid‟ refers to____.
(i) keeping two things apart (ii) a kind of slavery
(iii) a political system in which people of different races enjoy equal rights
(iv) a political system in which people of different races are separated
h. Mandela hated most_____.
(i) political emancipation (ii) black domination (iii) racial discrimantion (iv) white domination
i. Nelson Mandela is considered as a/an____.
(i) symbol of destruction (ii) emblem of peace and harm
(iii) icon of love (iv) epitome of democracy

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English 1st Paper HSC 24 SHIKKHANGONG

j. “We have at last, achieved our political emancipation.”---What did Mandela hint by this?
(i) He hinted political freedom of all parties irrespective of caste, creed and race.
(ii) He meant freedom of minority people.
(iii) He meant unity among all nations.
(iv) He meant that the black people should have their rights.
k. What does the word „emancipation‟ in the passage refer to?
i. jubilation ii. ovation iii. liberation iv. reception
l. What does the word „apartheid‟ mean in the passage?
i. stratification ii. socialization iii. dissatisfaction iv. discriminaton
m. What does the word „democracy‟ mean?
i. republic ii. imprisonment iii. autocracy iv. anarchy
n. What does the word „reconciliation‟ in the passage refer to?
i. reproduction ii. reunion iii. reconstruction iv. repair
o. What does the word „celebrity‟ in the passae refer to?
i. conservative ii. star iii. simple iv. liberal
p. Apart from bringing down apartheid , Mandela aimed at____ a civil war?
i. indulging ii. aiding iii. avoiding iv.ignored
q. Nobel peace prize 1993 was awarded to ___
i. Nelson Mendela ii. F.W. de Klerk iii. a political organization iv. Both Mandela and Klerk
r. The phrase bridge the chasm
i. reducing the divide ii. widening the gap iii.overlooking apartheid iv.raising awareness
s. capital offences
i. petty fauls punishable by fines ii. offences deserving a short term a jail confinement
iii. crimes punishable by death penalty iv. crimes deserving long term imprisonment

B. Answer the following questions: [Mym.B.22]

a. Who was Nelson Mandela? What is the ideal of Mandela?
b. What did Nelson Mandela say in his acceptance speech on becoming South African’s first black
president?
c. What is race discrimination? What was Mandela’s remark on race discrimination?
d. Why is Mandela called an icon of peace and reconciliation?
e. Do you find any leadership quality in Mandela? If any, explain.

02. Read the above passage and complete the table below with the given information.
What/ Who Event/ Action Why/ How Where/ Time
Nelcon Mandela struggled all through (i)............... South Africa
his life
He (ii)............ for his fight against white nearly three decades
minority rule
He (iii)................ for his prestige and charisma around the world
He firmly wanted to bring (iv)............. South Africa
down apartheid
He was awarded the Nobel (v)..........
Peace Prize
Or, Read the passage and make a flow chat showing the iconic image of Nelson Mandela.

1.An advocate of human dignity  2  3  4  5  6

03. Summarize the following passage. [Mymensingh Board-2022]

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English 1st Paper HSC 24 SHIKKHANGONG

Nelson Mandela Answer

1. A. Multiple Choice:
a).(ii) people of different races; b).(ii) neutral; c).(i) Justice; d).(iv) politician; e).(iv) against apartheid; f). (i) political
freedom;g).(iv) a political system in which people of different races are separated: h).(i) racial discrimination: i). (iv)
epitome of democracy: j).(i) He hinted political freedom of all parties irrespective of caste, creed and race; k) iii.
liberation; l. iv. discriminaton; m) i. republic; n) ii. reunion; o) ii. star. p) iii. avoiding; (q) iv. Both Mandela and
Klerk; (r) i. reducing the divide; (s) iii. crimes punishable by death penalty
B. Short Question
(a) Nelson Mandela was the first black President of South Africa. Mandela's ideal was that all humans
should enjoy equal rights and there should be no discrimination between man and man.
(b) Nelson Mandela in his acceptance speech on becoming South Africa's first black president expressed the
motto of his life and movement. He said that he detested all forms of race discrimination against which
he fought throughout his life and said that he would continue this fight till his death. He emphasized
that, since they achieved their political emancipation. It was the time to heal the wounds and bridge the
gap dividing them on the basts of race
(c) Race discrimination refers to discrimination against individuals on the basis of their race. Mandela hated
race discrimination most intensely in all its forms. He fought it all through his life.
(d) It is Nelson Mandela who guided South Africa from the shackles of apartheid to a multi-racial
democracy in a non-violent way. For the emancipation of his people, he carried on struggle for a long
time without resorting to violence. This is why, he is regarded as an icon of peace and reconciliation
(e) Yes, I find great leadership qualities in Nelson Mandela. Mandela demonstrated remarkable leadership
qualities, including advocacy for peace, powerful presence that disarmed enemies with his smile. high
level of forgiveness, positive thinking, ability to see the big picture, focus on goals and missions beyond
himself.
02. Imformation transfer
(i) for democracy and justice: (ii) was imprisoned: (iii) won support of people: (iv) avoiding a civil war; (v)
1993.
Or, Rewriting in a different form (inferring information from the given text and presenting it in a flow
chart)
01. An advocate of human dignity 02. A public figure of reverence
03. A celebrity of uniqueness 04. Anembodiment of human rights
05. A leader of mythic stature 06. An emblem of humanity, kindness and dignity
03. Summary
Nelson Mandela succeeded in dismantling racial discrimination from South Africa. While in prison, he led his
countrymen to the struggle against white minority rule in a non-violent way. By dint of his prestige and charisma, he
became a symbol of peace and democracy across the world. The Nobel Laureate shared the price with his white
counterpart in 1993. He formally retired from politics in 2004 but remained as a symbol of democracy.

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